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Famous Translations: The most classic Chinese translations of classic Western masterpieces. "Anna Karenina" (translation classic) uses two clues: the tragedy of the noble woman Anna's failure in pursuing love, and the reform and exploration of the manor owner Levin in the face of crisis in the countryside. It depicts a vast and colorful picture of Russia from Moscow to the provincial countryside during the transition between the old and the new. The story takes place in St. Petersburg in the 19th century. The heroine Anna meets the young officer Vronsky during a trip and falls in love. After the incident is discovered by her husband Karenin, Anna's request for divorce is rejected and she is threatened that she will never see her beloved son again. Anna then eloped with Vronsky and lived a short and happy life, but the indifference and boredom after passion caused the final blow to her unfortunate fate.

"Gone with the Wind (Part 1)" is set against the backdrop of the American Civil War. The main plot is the love-hate relationship between the strong and willful manor lady Scarlett and several men. It is accompanied by major changes in society and history, and the disappearance of everything familiar in the past... "Gone with the Wind" is not only a swan song of human love, but also a grand historical picture that reflects the huge and profound changes in many aspects of social politics, economy, and morality.

"Gone with the Wind (Part 2)" is set against the backdrop of the American Civil War. The main plot of "Gone with the Wind (Part 2)" is the love-hate relationship between the strong and willful manor lady Scarlett and the entanglement between several men. Along with this are major changes in society and history, and the disappearance of everything familiar in the past... "Gone with the Wind" is not only a swan song of human love, but also a grand historical picture that reflects the huge and profound changes in many aspects of social politics, economy, and morality.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin" is a masterpiece reflecting the black slavery system published in 1852 by the American female writer Harriet Beecher Stowe. The publication of this novel set off the climax of the abolition movement in the United States and played a great role in promoting the outbreak of the American Civil War. It has been translated into many languages ​​over the past 100 years and has had a profound impact on people around the world's fight against racial discrimination and their struggle for freedom and democracy.

"Gone with the Wind (Set Volume 1 and 2)" is set against the backdrop of the American Civil War. The main plot is the love-hate relationship between the strong and willful manor lady Scarlett and several men. Along with it are major changes in society and history, and the loss of everything familiar in the past... "Gone with the Wind" is not only a swan song of human love, but also a grand historical picture that reflects the huge and profound changes in many aspects of social politics, economy, and morality.

"The Idiot" is one of the important works of Fyodor Dostoyevsky, the great Russian writer of the 19th century. The novel describes Nastasya, a beautiful woman from a noble family in the 1860s who has been ravaged by the landowner Totsky for many years. Later, Totsky was willing to pay a large sum of money to marry her to the despicable Ganya. At the heroine's birthday party, the young Duke Myshkin, who was regarded as an idiot by people, suddenly appeared and was willing to marry Nastasya unconditionally, which moved her deeply. On the day of her upcoming wedding to the Duke, although Nastasya loved the Duke deeply, she ran away with the playboy Rogozhin and was eventually killed by Rogozhin. The novel gives an extensive description of the Russian upper class after the serfdom reform, involving complex psychological and moral issues. The kind and tolerant Prince Myshkin is unable to influence or benefit those around him, a quixotic figure whose efforts are in vain.

"The Gadfly" is the representative work of the British female writer Voynich. After being introduced to China in the 1950s, it became very popular and became one of the favorites of young people at that time. Arthur, an Italian young man, was born into a wealthy businessman family, but he resolutely joined the revolution as an adult. Due to negligence, he leaked the secret, which led to the arrest of his comrades in arms, misunderstood his childhood sweetheart girlfriend Gemma, and painfully discovered that he was the illegitimate son of Father Montanelli, whom he had admired for a long time. Under the harsh reality education, he used fake suicide as a cover and ran away angrily. After 13 years of wandering abroad, he became a determined revolutionary under the pseudonym "Gadfly". He returned to his country to organize armed forces, smuggled arms and actively prepared for the uprising. In the end, he was unfortunately arrested. Faced with threats from the military and his biological father's persuasion to surrender, he remained unmoved and died calmly. "Gadfly" also tells the story of the snow-like pure and innocent love between Gadfly and the girl Qinma, as well as the intertwined love and hate for his father. It is very sad to read.

The work "The Decameron (Part 1)" tells the story of ten young men and women who took refuge in a villa during the plague epidemic in Florence in 1348. They feasted all day long and each told a story every day. They told a hundred stories in ten days, hence the name "The Decameron". Many of the stories are based on historical events and medieval legends. In "The Decameron", Boccaccio praised real life, praised love as the source of wisdom and beautiful sentiments, condemned asceticism, and made a powerful satire on the depravity of the feudal aristocracy and the shameless debauchery of the Catholic Church. The work adopts a frame structure to connect one hundred stories together, making the whole book coherent. The language of the work is concise and humorous, and the characters and objects are described with subtlety.

The work "The Decameron (Set Volume 1 and 2)" tells the story of ten young men and women who took refuge in a villa during the plague epidemic in Florence in 1348. They feasted all day long, each telling a story every day, and told a hundred stories in ten days, hence the name "The Decameron". Many of the stories are based on historical events and medieval legends. In "The Decameron", Boccaccio praised real life, praised love as the source of wisdom and beautiful sentiments, condemned asceticism, and made a powerful satire on the depravity of the feudal aristocracy and the shameless debauchery of the Catholic Church. The work adopts a frame structure to connect one hundred stories together, making the whole book coherent. The language of the work is concise and humorous, and the characters and objects are described with subtlety.

Tom lost his mother when he was young and was adopted by his aunt. The smart and naughty Tom couldn't stand the control of his aunt and school teachers, and often skipped school and got into trouble. Late one night, while playing in a cemetery with his good friend Huckleberry Finn, he accidentally witnessed a murder. Fearing that the murderer would discover that they knew about it, Tom and Huckleberry fled to a desert island with another friend and became "pirates". The family thought they had been drowned, but they turned up at their own "funeral". After a fierce ideological struggle, Tom finally stood up bravely and testified against the murderer. Not long after, during a picnic, he and his beloved girl Betsy got lost in a cave. They were hungry and cold for three days and nights, and faced the threat of death...

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), one of the most outstanding writers in the United States, winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. "For Whom the Bell Tolls" is one of his major works. Robert Jordan, an American young man, volunteered to join the Spanish government army and engage in blasting activities behind enemy lines. In order to cooperate with the counterattack, he was ordered to contact local guerrillas to complete the task of blowing up the bridge. In the midst of the raging war, he fell in love with Maria, a little girl who had been raped by the enemy, thereby smoothing out the trauma in Maria's soul. In three days, Robert experienced the conflict between love and duty and the test of life and death, and his humanity continued to sublimate. On the way to retreat after the bridge was blown up, he gave up his hope of survival to others, but his thigh was broken by a cannonball. He stayed alone to stop the enemy, and finally gave his young life for the Spanish people.

Maupassant (1850-1893), a famous French writer. "Beautiful Friend" is his masterpiece novel. It caused a sensation after it was published in May 1885 and was reprinted more than thirty times within a few months. Duroy, a junior officer in the French colonial army in Algeria, came to Paris and was introduced by a friend to work as an editor at La Vie Française. He relied on his good looks and ability to please women to seduce upper-class women, and used this as a springboard to embark on the road to success. In the end, he kidnapped the daughter of the newspaper owner, forced the owner to marry his daughter to him, and became the editor-in-chief of the newspaper. The end of the novel also hints that he will soon become a senator and cabinet minister, and his future is still bright.

"Dangerous Liaisons" tells the story of the Marchioness de Merteuil and the Vicomte de Valmont, both celebrities in Paris's social circle. Both of these two experienced lovers have vowed to no longer be bound by love and only want to play in the world. The beautiful, charming and scheming Madame de Merteuil asks Valmont to seduce his former lover, Count Gercourt's fiancée Cécile, in order to avenge his betrayal, but Valmont is preparing to attack the kind and loyal Madame Tourville. The author has worked hard on this novel. As a novel, the epistolary form and content of "Dangerous Liaisons (Selected Translations of Masterpieces)" are perfectly coordinated. Each letter is not only a narrative device, but also embodies and promotes the development of the plot.

"Crime and Punishment" is one of the masterpieces of Fyodor Dostoyevsky, the great Russian writer of the 19th century. The novel describes Raskolnikov, a poor college student who wanted to become a Napoleonic figure and believed that he was a superman. He was poisoned by anarchist ideas and forced by life. He killed the old landlady who was a loan shark and her innocent sister, and committed a murder that shocked the whole of Russia. After experiencing a painful confession, he finally surrendered under the persuasion of the Christian girl Sonia and was sentenced to exile in Siberia. The work focuses on the protagonist's mental state of being condemned by his conscience and feeling deeply lonely and fearful after committing a crime, and depicts his psychological changes before and after the crime. On the one hand, the novel depicts the miserable life of the lower class people in Russia and exposes the evils of aristocratic society; on the other hand, it also promotes the idea of ​​accepting one's fate and seeking liberation from religion.

This book is his famous work. The first generation in the book is Walter Morel and Gertrude. Walter was originally full of energy, optimistic, and lovable; but later his temper became bad, he drank alcohol and beat people, and became a walking zombie. The wife, who was disappointed with her husband, pinned her hopes on her son. However, her beloved eldest son William unfortunately died young, and she developed strong feelings for her second son Paul. However, Paul's two girlfriends have different views on love, leaving him at a loss as to what to do. After his mother died, Paul decided to leave his hometown and go to the city. As for Paul's future life path, Lawrence did not tell us the answer. And such an ambiguous ending reflects Lawrence's equally confused mentality: the relationship between the sexes he explores, and then extends to the relationship between people, are all confused.

The heroine Nana in the novel was spotted by the entertainment theater manager, and her starring role in "Venus Blonde" was a success. The men of Paris's upper class fell under her skirt. She was successively supported by the banker Steine ​​and the Queen's attendant Count Miffat. She became a popular socialite in Paris, eating up the money of the men who pursued her, making them bankrupt one by one. Some even died in hell. She eventually died of smallpox, just as the Second Empire was about to collapse in the Franco-Prussian War. The rise and fall of Nana's life became a portrayal of the corrupt and degenerate society of the Second Empire.

In 1866, the whole world was talking about a strange thing - a huge "sea monster" appeared in the sea. Professor Aronnax is a French naturalist. When he was preparing to return after an expedition, he received an invitation from the U. S. Department of the Navy, so he boarded the destroyer "Abraham Lincoln" to participate in the mission of eliminating "sea monsters". But contrary to expectations, the "sea monster" was not eliminated, and the destroyer was crashed by the "sea monster". Professor Aronnax, his servant Conseil, and the Canadian whaler Ned Land became the captives of the "sea monster"... What kind of secret does this "sea monster" hold? Can Professor Aronnax and the three finally escape? What kind of adventure did they encounter? The protagonists are placed in the gorgeous and fantasy seabed and embark on thrilling adventures.

The novel is set in the upper class life of Paris, France, in the mid-19th century, and takes the fate of Baron Hulot de Hervé's family as the main line. It narrates the whole process of how the baron, driven by crazy lust, betrayed his pure and loving wife step by step, hurt his innocent daughter, ruined the reputation of his family, tarnished the reputation of the army, and was ultimately ruined. Various characters, intricate plots, and thrilling battles between spirit and flesh, love and hatred, good and evil, constitute a vivid tragedy and comedy in the world, a colorful history of civilization, and an endless elegy for the inevitable collapse of upper class society.

The protagonist d'Artagnan in "The Three Musketeers (Part 2)" is a son of a provincial nobleman. After coming to Paris, he joined the musketeers of King Louis XIII and formed sworn friends with the other three musketeers. Queen Anna had an affair with British Prime Minister Buckingham, and Anna gave Buckingham a diamond pendant. However, Prime Minister Richelieu, who was an enemy of the queen, sent people to England to steal the two diamonds on the pendant, hoping to make the queen embarrassed at the ball. Dartagnan volunteered to go to England with three friends. After many twists and turns, he finally retrieved the pendant and saved the queen's reputation.

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), one of the most outstanding writers in the United States, winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. "A Farewell to Arms" is one of his major works. In the late stages of World War I, American young man Frederick Henry volunteered to drive an ambulance for the Red Cross and rescue the wounded on the northern Italian front. During a mission, Henry was hit by a cannonball and injured. While recovering from his injuries in a Milan hospital, he was cared for by British nurse Catherine, and the two fell in love. After recovering from his injuries, Henry returned to the front line. When he retreated with the Italian troops, he witnessed the cruel scenes of the war. He resolutely left the army, joined Catherine and fled to Switzerland. As a result, Catherine died in childbirth. Based on his own experience in the war, Hemingway sang a sad and moving elegy with war and love as the main lines. It has been adapted to the screen many times and can be called a classic of modern literature.

"Black Tulip" is based on the fierce political struggle and turbulent life during the Dutch bourgeois revolution in the seventeenth century. The protagonist, Cornelius Van Belle, is a young doctor who is completely apolitical. He likes to cultivate tulips, and is trying to cultivate a large black tulip without any variegation, because the first person to cultivate a black tulip will receive a considerable bonus. Van Belle's neighbor Boxtel also wanted to cultivate black tulips in order to get the bonus. He was very jealous of Van Belle and was afraid that Van Belle would get the first advantage. He unscrupulously monitored Norm Bailey's actions and secretly destroyed the tulips he cultivated. Later, he falsely accused Van Belle of hiding letters that were detrimental to the Dutch governorship, which resulted in him being imprisoned innocently and almost being guillotined. The whole book depicts thrilling and tear-jerking scenes around Black Tulip.

"I Am a Cat" is the representative work of the famous Japanese novelist Natsume Soseki. It is a literary work with humor, satire and comedy as its main characteristics. As a cat, the protagonist looked down at the Japanese society at that time and the so-called modern civilization in the twentieth century, while making all kinds of ridicule and ridicule. Through the life of the protagonist Kusama, the work uses humorous language, delicate writing style and sharp writing to describe a group of literati and snobs who are accustomed to talking about the past and the present. It vividly exposes and ridicules the capitalists and rulers, criticizes the society where money talks and blindly worships the Western lifestyle, and creates the image of a group of self-proclaimed and cynical intellectuals.

Balzac was a French literary giant of the 19th century. His novels are collectively called "Human Comedy", among which "Eugenie Grandet" and "Petro Goriot" are his masterpieces. "Eugenie Grandet" vividly reproduces the provincial life in France in the 19th century and creates various characters, especially the cunning and stingy upstart Old Man Grandet, which reveals the money relationship between people in society at that time. "Petro Goriot" tells the story of what happened in Vauquer's apartment in a remote neighborhood of Paris, describing the bizarre and bizarre aspects of Parisian society. The author examines and judges life with superb artistic means.

This book is a collection of works by the famous French writer Stendhal in the 19th century. The protagonist of the novel, Julien, is the son of a small business owner. With his intelligence, he hooked up with the mayor's wife and became an adulterer. After the affair was exposed, he was forced to enter the seminary. Later, he worked as a personal secretary for the Marquis Larmour in Paris, and was quickly appreciated and reused by the Marquis. At the same time, he had an affair with the Marquis' daughter. Finally, under the church's planning, the mayor's wife was forced to write an informant letter to expose him, ruining his career. In anger, he shot and wounded the mayor's wife and was sentenced to death and put on the guillotine. This book was translated by the famous translator Mr. Hao Yun, and the translation is smooth and faithful.

The American young man Barnes suffered a spinal injury in World War I and lost his sexual ability. After the war, while working as a reporter in Paris, he fell in love with the British Mrs. Ashley. She pursued pleasure blindly, while he could only drink to drown his sorrows. The two went to Pamplona, ​​Spain, with a group of male and female friends to participate in the bullfighting festival in pursuit of spiritual stimulation. The lady rejected the pursuit of the Jewish young man Cohen, but fell in love with the 19-year-old bullfighter Romero. However, after getting along for a period of time, due to the huge age gap between the two parties, and Mrs. Ashley could not bear to ruin the future of the innocent young man, the relationship ended sadly. Madame eventually returned to Barnes, although both parties knew that they could never truly be together.

Dickens is a great British writer, and this book is one of his early moving social novels. Oliver, an orphan, was bullied in a poor workhouse since he was a child. After escaping to London, he fell into thieves again. When he appealed to no avail, a group of "virtuous" capitalists extended a helping hand. At the same time, the truth about Oliver's strange life experience was also revealed step by step...

During the French Revolution, the famous doctor Manette accidentally witnessed the atrocities committed by the feudal aristocrats Evremonde brothers who took human lives indiscriminately. Because of their injustice, he was thrown into the Bastille and imprisoned for eighteen years. After being released from prison, Manette's daughter Lucy fell in love with her enemy's son Danai. As a result, in the whirlpool of the French Revolution, scenes of family grudges and hatreds were grandly staged, and good, evil, life, and death blended in the conflict, changing in an instant... "A Tale of Two Cities" has a strict structure and concise language. Dickens's in-depth thinking on revolution and human nature and his breathtaking writing talent are vividly displayed in it.

"La Traviata" has created some vivid and distinctive artistic images for us, and the most prominent and unforgettable among them is naturally the heroine Margaret. Readers must not confuse Margaret with Miss Alphonsina Plessy. Although Alphonsina's life experience is worthy of sympathy, she is indeed a fallen woman. In the words of Dumas, she is "both a pure and flawless virgin and a complete whore." But Margaret is different. She is beautiful, smart and kind. Although she has fallen into the world, she still maintains a pure and noble heart. She pursues a true love life with passion and hope, and when this hope is shattered, she is willing to sacrifice herself to help others. All this makes the image of this despised fireworks woman shine with a holy light.

"Selected Essays of Ilya" brings together the most outstanding essays of the famous British writer Charles Lamb (Carles Lamb, 1775-1834), which can be called a treasure of British literature in the 19th century. In these essays, Lamb used "Ilya" as his pen name, taking shortcuts from his daily routine and family life, and recounted his life's reflections. The themes of the essays were closely integrated with Lamb's own unique experience, and were immersed in the vast and profound humanitarian atmosphere. As Chinese writer Liang Yuchun said in the 1930s: Lamb is a "good medicine to stop bleeding" for Ding's mental trauma.

Aesop was born as a slave on the island of Samos in the Aegean Sea in the sixth century BC. He was later made a free citizen because of his outstanding wisdom and profound knowledge, and then became the envoy of the King of Lydia. While on a mission to Delphi, he was falsely accused of stealing sacred objects and was brutally killed. Aesop is known as the "father of Greek fables" and "the originator of Western fables". Aesop's fables are the oldest and most influential fables in the world. Due to their vivid images, profound implications, and rich philosophy, they have been circulated around the world for more than 2,500 years and are enduring. Reading Aesop's fables makes people more intelligent, rational and calm. This book selects 429 Aesop's fables and 100 wonderful fables by the important ancient Greek fables Phaedrus and Babrius.

The dazzling British literature of the 19th century contributed a large number of famous works to the reading world. The masterpiece "Vanity Fair" by William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863) deserves to occupy a very prominent position in this magnificent starry sky. Becky Sharp, the daughter of a poor painter, lost her parents when she was young, but she was extremely smart. After graduating from boarding school on a part-time basis, she started out as a tutor. She seized every opportunity, sharpened her head and got into the upper class society of the Victorian era, becoming a dazzling social star. The rise of this beauty, against the magnificent historical background of the Battle of Waterloo, presents the most successful artistic image of a female adventurer in world literature. Thackeray's words are sharp, witty and humorous, and his anatomy of life is subtle.

"The Phantom of the Opera" was written by Gaston Leroux (1838-1927), a famous French detective and suspense novelist. "The Phantom of the Opera" is his most popular work. Eric was born with a deformity and was abandoned by his parents and society. The kind-hearted Madame Giry hid him in the basement of the Paris Opera House. From then on, there was no peace in the opera house: items were stolen, employees died, the manager was blackmailed... Rumors about the Phantom of the Opera spread like wildfire. With his superhuman musical talent, Eric helped Christina become famous overnight and fell deeply in love with her at the same time. But Christina already had her heart set on something. As a result, Eric kidnapped her in public on the stage, thus performing a heart-wrenching human-ghost love tragedy...

The protagonist d'Artagnan in "The Three Musketeers (Set Volume 1 and 2)" is a son of a provincial nobleman. After coming to Paris, he joined the musketeers of King Louis XIII and formed sworn friends with the other three musketeers. Queen Anna had an affair with British Prime Minister Buckingham, and Anna gave Buckingham a diamond pendant. However, Prime Minister Richelieu, who was an enemy of the queen, sent people to England to steal the two diamonds on the pendant, hoping to make the queen embarrassed at the ball. Dartagnan volunteered to go to England with three friends. After many twists and turns, he finally retrieved the pendant and saved the queen's reputation.

The protagonist d'Artagnan in "The Three Musketeers (Part 1)" is a son of a provincial nobleman. After coming to Paris, he joined the musketeers of King Louis XIII and formed sworn friends with the other three musketeers. Queen Anna had an affair with British Prime Minister Buckingham, and Anna gave Buckingham a diamond pendant. However, Prime Minister Richelieu, who was an enemy of the queen, sent people to England to steal the two diamonds on the pendant, hoping to make the queen embarrassed at the ball. Dartagnan volunteered to go to England with three friends. After many twists and turns, he finally retrieved the pendant and saved the queen's reputation.

"The Rainbow" is one of D. H. Lawrence's two most mature masterpieces (the other is its companion "Women in Love"), and it is also his longest novel. It unfolds in the form of family history, narrating the experiences and changes of three generations of the yeoman Brangwen family; it explores psychological issues related to sex with unprecedented enthusiasm and depth in British novels, and seeks the possibility of establishing a natural and harmonious sexual relationship through the description of the normal and abnormal sexual interactions of three generations.

Flaubert was a master of French realist literature in the 19th century, and "Madame Bovary" is his famous and representative work. The publication of "Madame Bovary" in the Paris Magazine in 1856 not only marked a turning point in the history of French novels in the nineteenth century, but also influenced the literary genre of novels around the world. The novel describes the tragic life of a wealthy farmer's daughter in mainland France. It vividly exposed all kinds of bourgeois characters and became a realistic picture of French society in the 19th century.

In the first half of the 1920s, Hemingway lived in Paris as a correspondent in Europe. The book "A Moveable Feast" records this period of the author's life at that time. However, this book was written nearly forty years later. In other words, the "scene" of the feast has long since disappeared. The author and readers are only tracing those past years in their memories. For both the author and the readers, these memories have been out of focus and distorted through the lens of time. All memories about Paris blend into a common historical memory of Paris. Among the countless fictional and non-fictional works about Paris in history, "A Moveable Feast" is one of the most famous works. The dedication on its title page - "If you are lucky enough to have lived in Paris as a young man, then she will be with you wherever you go in your life, because Paris is a moveable feast." It has become the "cultural calling card" of Paris and is widely recited.

Mrs. Bennet's lifelong ambition is to marry her five daughters decently, so she always regards the wealthy bachelors nearby as a piece of property that one of her daughters deserves. So there were several ups and downs of the separation and reunification of young men and women: the slander and misunderstanding between the wealthy son Darcy and the clever and astute second daughter Elizabeth, the lingering relationship between the wealthy son Bingley and the virtuous and kind-hearted eldest daughter Jane, the scandalous elopement of the prodigal Wickham and the frivolous and unreasonable daughter Lydia... In the end, the hero and heroine put aside their own pride and prejudice and made choices that conformed to their own morals. The work fully expresses the author's own views on marriage, emphasizing the impact of economic interests and family status on love and marriage.

This book is a collection of essays describing rural life in Russia in the 1840s and 1950s. It is the first work to describe peasants in the history of Russian literature. It is Turgenev's first realist masterpiece, and caused him to suffer imprisonment and exile. The book takes a hunter's safari as a clue and depicts many characters such as landlords, doctors, aristocratic intellectuals, and serfs through twenty-five stories. It exposes the cruelty and hypocrisy of serf owners, the misery and helplessness of serf life, silently satirizes and criticizes the serfdom system, and expresses the desire and pursuit of a better life. The description of the scenery in the book is particularly praised. Whether it is natural phenomena, scenery of lakes and mountains, marking atmosphere, setting off characters, or contrasting plots, they are all interesting and charming in his writings, and they have become an indispensable part of his works. Moreover, its language is concise, beautiful, vivid, concise, and full of music, which has had a huge impact on the development of Russian literary language.

A semi-autobiographical inspirational novel that shines with patriotism and idealism, and was praised by Romain Rolland as "an ode to a fiery and heroic life." The novel takes the Russian October Revolution as the overall background. The protagonist Paul Korchagin was born at the bottom of society and suffered torture and humiliation. Under the influence of Zhu Helai, he gradually grew into a conscious, selfless and strong warrior. Although he was blind and paralyzed in bed, he still wrote with strong perseverance. The glorious image of Paul Korchagin with "iron will" and his conversion process to ideals and spirits once became a symbol of integrity, strength and self-improvement, inspiring and motivating generations of young Chinese readers.

The novel is set in the French society during the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty. It tells the story of the two daughters raised by Goriot, who made a fortune in business, with all his efforts. After marriage, under the influence of the upper-class lifestyle, they squeezed their father's property, damaged their dignity, and tortured their father's emotions until they had nothing and died of physical and mental exhaustion. Intertwined with this main line is the experience of the provincial young man Rastignac breaking into Paris's upper class society and recognizing all the temptations and dangers involved. The main characters in Balzac's masterpiece "The Human Comedy" appear one after another in this novel, thus opening the prelude to the "Human Comedy".

"How Steel Was Tempered" was written in 1933. The young Paul Korchagin was expelled from school for getting into trouble. Forced by life, he walked into the "human world". Hard life, heavy labor, naked cannibalism, and the dark bottom of society tested and tempered this stubborn young man... This is the process of training and growth for a new generation of young people, and it is also a wonderful story of "a boy grows into a man"!

"Gulliver's Travels" tells the story of surgeon Gulliver's experiences after he was shipwrecked on four voyages. The book is divided into four parts, which respectively introduce Gulliver's experiences and experiences in strange countries such as Lilliput, Adult, Flying Island, Wizards, Science Fiction, Longevity, Japan and Shenma. The author uses magical imagination, exaggerated means, and allegorical writing to criticize and satirize the British society and human society at that time, especially the corruption, incompetence, viciousness, debauchery, greed, and arrogance of the ruling class. The organic unity of fantasy and reality is the greatest feature of this work.

The protagonist of this book, Robinson Crusoe, was born in the middle class. His father often taught him the philosophy of contentment and wanted him to be satisfied with the happy life of the middle class. But he couldn't resist the temptation of the new world overseas. He went to sea several times and finally got trapped on a desert island. Faced with the threat of death, he relied on perseverance to start from scratch in the wilderness, building houses, cultivating fields, growing food, taming wild beasts, fighting cannibals, and seizing merchant ships controlled by rebellious sailors. After going through countless hardships, he finally escaped danger, gained considerable wealth, and became a legend of the era.

"Notre Dame de Paris" was such a success that when Michelet wrote "History of the Middle Ages" in 1833, he mentioned this ancient church and wrote: "Someone left a deep lion's paw print on this building. From now on, no one will touch it rashly."... Esmeralda, Claude, Frollo, and especially Casimordo have all become legendary figures almost like Jean Valjean.

"Gulliver's Travels" is a satirical travel novel by the British writer Jonathan Swift. It tells a series of absurd and bizarre stories that happened when the protagonist Captain Gulliver traveled around the country of Lilliput, the country of adults, the country of flying islands and the country of Hui Ma. The author uses fictional and fantasy techniques to satirize the real society in Britain in the first half of the 18th century, reflecting the ignorance and decadence of the British ruling class.

"The Old Man and the Sea" is a heroic and tragic novel full of fighting spirit and profound implications. It tells us a very impactful story in extremely concise and neat language. Hemingway said: "I tried to describe a real old man, a real child, the real sea, a real fish and many real sharks. However, if I can write realistic enough, they can also represent many other things." A person can be destroyed, but cannot be defeated - this is the spirit to be conveyed in "The Old Man and the Sea".

This book mainly records Anne Frank's secret life and physical and mental growth before her death. The first part was written on June 12, 1942, and the last part was written on August 1, 1944. In the secret room life shrouded in an atmosphere of depression and fear, although Anne was sometimes as depressed as adults, she always had hope. She used the diary "Gitty" as the imaginary recipient and expressed her inner feelings in letters. The diary not only records Anne's likes and dislikes of family members (especially her mother), her analysis of the internal debates in the secret room, her views on the war, and even her views on women's social status. It also records Anne's longing and desire for ideal love, and her profound exploration of human nature and life... Through constant self-reflection and self-encouragement, Anne gradually became independent and autonomous.

Romain Rolland's novel "Jean-Christophe" is a series of stories about a young man who constantly pursues his dreams and struggles with society for his dreams. This is the first volume of this book, which describes John-Christophe's boyhood and youth: as a boy, Christophe has been living in the small world of his family and hometown-until he passed a test. The young man got enlightenment from the test, constantly brandishing Don Quixote's spear, and went on a rampage to conquer the lies of society and art at that time, attacking mule drivers, clerks, wind wheels of mills, and festivals in Germany and France. He bravely walked out of the small world of his hometown and pursued his dreams on a larger stage.

"Hunter's Notes" depicts various portraits of landowners. These portraits can be said to be a continuation of the paintings created by "naturalist" writers represented by Gogol. Each landlord has his own story, including the conservative and cruel Stegunov landlord ("Two Landlords"), the "elegant" villain landlord Binochkin ("The Steward"), and the calm and wise independent landlord Ovsenikov ("The Independent Landlord Ovsennikov"). Turgenev's elegant writing style reveals the edge of irony and humor in the landowner.