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The protagonist Gwynplaine in "The Man Who Laughs" is a descendant of a noble family. He fell into the hands of human traffickers when he was young and was disfigured and mutilated. His face always seemed to be smiling strangely. The kind-hearted entertainer Yu Sousse adopted him as his adopted son, and also adopted the blind girl Di that Gwen Pulan rescued from the snow. A few of them wandered around the world and made a living by performing arts. Later, due to accidental factors and the needs of the British political arena, Gwynplaine was able to regain his title, but he refused this dirty gift, preferring to return to his companions in distress; by this time Dee was seriously ill. After the blind girl passed away, Gwen Pulan was so sad that she threw herself into the sea and committed suicide.

The novel "Notre Dame de Paris" artistically reproduces the true history of the reign of French King Louis XI more than 400 years ago, how the palace and the church colluded to oppress the people, and how the people fought heroically against the two forces. The rebel gypsy girl Esmeralda and the ugly disabled person Quasimodo in the novel are presented to readers as the embodiment of true beauty, while what people see in the archdeacon Frollo and the noble soldier Phoebus are cruel, empty hearts and sinful lusts. The author organically connects evocative stories with vivid and rich dramatic scenes, making this novel highly readable. The novel has a strong romantic color and uses contrasting writing techniques. It is an artistic example of applying the contrast principle of romanticism.

Hugo (1802-1885), a famous French novelist and poet. "Notre Dame de Paris" is his masterpiece novel. The gypsy girl Esmeralda is a street performer, and Froed, the deputy bishop of Notre Dame Church, wants to take possession of her. Later, it was discovered that she had another lover, and she assassinated her lover and framed the blame on her, resulting in her being sentenced to death. Quasimodo, the ugly bell ringer who was full of love and humility for her, rescued her and took refuge in Notre Dame. Froed kidnapped her and forced her to give in to his bestial desires. After being refused, Froude handed her over to the officers and soldiers and watched her being hanged upstairs in Notre Dame. In despair, Quasimodo angrily pushed Froude, who had raised him, off the attic and fell to death. He went to the Eagle Mountain Crypt to hug Esmeralda's body and died with her, completing the "wedding".

What made Hemingway first famous and enduring are his short stories: mainly declarative sentences, precise descriptions, short dialogues, "telegraphic style" and "iceberg theory". They are full of words and endless meanings, which have had a profound impact on the international literary world and subsequent generations of writers. The Chinese version of "The Complete Collection of Hemingway's Short Stories" is comprehensively translated based on the most authoritative "Scribner" edition and with reference to the "Renren Library Edition". It contains all the short stories written by Hemingway throughout his life. Compared with the "Complete Collection" of Shanghai Translation Publishing House, there are a total of four more stories, namely three of the "little works" and one first published in The New Yorker. It should be the most comprehensive Chinese version of "The Complete Collection of Hemingway's Short Stories" to date. The "Complete Works" is divided into two volumes, with about 600,000 words, and strives to provide readers in the Chinese-speaking world with a Chinese translation with the most complete text and a translation style that is closest to the original style.

Simplicity and joy in a complex world, peace and clarity in a feather. The most famous collection of essays by E. B. White, the greatest American essayist of the 20th century, returns to nature and sees sincerity in the trivial, which is the farm life essay that hatched "Charlotte's Web". E. B. White's "People Are Different" is a summary of what he saw, heard, thought, and did during five years on his farm in Maine. In the winter of 1938, just as his career at The New Yorker was going smoothly, White suddenly turned around and ran to Maine to work as a farmer. From spring to summer, and from autumn to winter, he personally managed a farm. The reason here may have a lot to do with Thoreau. From White's writings, we can always see the connection between the two. However, the more important point is that White, like Thoreau, is always wary of the deprivation and infringement of personal freedom in the name of the country, government, collective, etc. Even The New Yorker's requirement that editors always speak as "we" made him uncomfortable. It was in the countryside of Maine that "he found his subject (himself) and a gentle but sincere tone." He replaced "we" with "I" and achieved the independent existence of intellectuals as individuals. From this we can see that this book is a slow book, so we might as well read it slowly. There is no subtle statement in the book, but when it comes to society, it is still common sense. What he wrote is an attitude and a state of mind. What he wants to build is a simple, aesthetic life, although this simple life sometimes requires miserable management and a lot of work.

A rather unique collection of essays by E. B. White, the author of "Charlotte's Web" and the master of American essays. "The Second Tree Counting from the Street Corner" is a unique collection of essays by the American essayist E. B. White. It not only selects White's most representative essays, but also includes his early poems, short stories and journal notes. The content includes politics, culture, urban life style, environmental protection, etc. The writing style is humorous, vivid, full of interest, and multi-faceted, reflecting the writing style of this stylistic master. It is a rare must-have book for readers who cherish White's works.

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), one of the most outstanding writers in the United States, winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. "A Farewell to Arms" is one of his major works. In the late stages of World War I, American young man Frederick Henry volunteered to drive an ambulance for the Red Cross and rescue the wounded on the northern Italian front. During a mission, Henry was hit by a cannonball and injured. While recovering from his injuries in a Milan hospital, he was cared for by British nurse Catherine, and the two fell in love. After recovering from his injuries, Henry returned to the front line. When he retreated with the Italian troops, he witnessed the cruel scenes of the war. He resolutely left the army, joined Catherine and fled to Switzerland. As a result, Catherine died in childbirth. Based on his own experience in the war, Hemingway sang a sad and moving elegy with war and love as the main lines. It has been adapted to the screen many times and can be called a classic of modern literature.

The story takes place in a small city in Russia. The city has become corrupt, dominated by a rude and corrupt mayor and a group of officials who are gangsters but actually idiots. When this group of corrupt officials heard that the capital had sent an imperial envoy incognito for private patrols, everyone was so confused that they didn't know what to do. At this time, they suddenly heard that a man named Khlestakov was staying in an exclusive hotel in the city. Therefore, they mistakenly thought that Khlestakov, who had an extraordinary appearance but actually resigned and returned home for gambling and wandering, was the imperial envoy. The letter was written by the young man to his friends in Petersburg. In the letter, he ridiculed the fools who mistakenly thought he was the imperial minister, and gave each official an embarrassing nickname. When the mayor and officials were speechless over this incident, the real imperial minister arrived. The curtain fell while everyone was stunned.

In the United States in the 1920s, the air was filled with singing and drinking. By chance, the poor clerk Nick breaks into the secret world of the spendthrift tycoon Gatsby. He is surprised to find that the only connection in his heart is the little green light on the opposite bank of the river - in the flickering light, lives his beloved Daisy. However, the cold reality cannot tolerate vague dreams. In the end, the goddess in Gatsby's heart is just a material girl in the earthly world.

Jean Valjean had to serve nineteen years of hard labor for stealing a piece of bread; Fantine sold her teeth in order to raise her illegitimate daughter; the corpse thief became the savior of the general who escaped death. What kind of miserable world is this? Hugo used passionate writing to recreate the dark and soul-stirring era from the Napoleonic Wars to the French July Monarchy, and outlined the lives of a group of little people living at the bottom of society.

"Half of a Yellow Sun" is a lament written by the Nigerian female writer Adichie about the Nigerian Civil War in the 1960s (1967-1970). The 13-year-old Ugu comes from a poor family and works as a valet in the house of Odenigbo, a professor at the University of Nsukka. The learning opportunities given to him by his master gradually help him get rid of ignorance and superstition; Olanna, the daughter of the chief of the Igbo tribe, is Odenigbo's girlfriend. Her family had a prominent reputation and wealth before the civil war. Olanna advocates freedom. But she has always kept a distance from her snobbish and opportunistic family; Olanna's twin sister Kenene has been taking care of the family business, and she fell in love with Richard, a British journalist living in Nigeria. Richard, who hates the hypocrisy of post-colonialism, has always tried to record everything that this country has experienced fairly and objectively.

During World War I, 19-year-old Paul Boymer was inspired by "patriotism" and volunteered to join the army with his classmates. However, the cruelty of war and military life was completely beyond imagination. In boot camp, they are forced to abandon their former faith in knowledge and freedom and undergo a radical transformation. After a short training, the recruits were sent to the front line to fight, and what they saw and heard was cruel: the trenches were full of rats and lice; severe infectious diseases threatened the life of every soldier; comrades were killed one by one, or were injured and sent to field hospitals; the field hospitals were poorly equipped and lacked medicines, and the mortality rate of injured patients was extremely high. When Paul returned home on vacation, he found that Germany was still immersed in heroic fantasies about war. Ordinary people could not imagine the disasters suffered by soldiers on the front line. He was completely out of touch with his previous life, and no one could understand his feelings. Paul returns to the front line. At this time, the war is becoming more and more fierce, and the future is confused...

The "Pastoral Trilogy" contains three pastoral novels by the 19th-century French romantic novelist George Sand: "The Enchanted Marsh," "Little Fadette" and "The Outcast François." "The Enchanted Marsh" is the first pastoral novel written by George Sand when he secluded himself in his own manor in Nohant. It tells the story of farmer Germain and his neighbor little Marie walking together and falling in love with each other. This group of pastoral works based on rural life depicts simple and peaceful pastoral scenery, and eulogizes the innocent love between young men and women that transcends social class and the gap between rich and poor. With its bright and cheerful atmosphere, innocent and simple style, and the consistent awareness of social equality, it has won the love of many readers.

"The Moon and Sixpence" tells the story of Strickland, a successful securities broker who has a comfortable life that others envy. Later, he went to Paris alone because he was obsessed with painting. However, his colorful paintings were not recognized by the outside world, and he fell into the abyss of poverty and illness. "The Veil" tells the story of the young and beautiful Katie who went to Hong Kong with her husband. Katie fell in love with a married man and thought she had met true love. But after the affair was revealed, her lover immediately abandoned her for the sake of his reputation. After experiencing betrayal, Walter decided to practice medicine in Meitan Mansion, where the epidemic was rampant, and asked the painful Katie to go with him. "Blade" tells the story of Larry, who fought bravely and returned to the United States after World War I. What greeted him was a seemingly magnanimous life. But the cruelty of the war and the death of his comrades made him doubt the meaning and value of life.

In the mid-1930s, "The Collection of Sakura Sea" and "The Collection of Clams and Algae" were all created while Lao She was living in Qingdao, which was the peak and mature period of Lao She's creation.

The four-part Lucy Barton series: "My name is Lucy Barton", "It's not that bad, I guess", "Oh, William!" "I know it's about loss."

James Joyce's first novel using the "stream of consciousness" technique is also one of the earliest and most successful stream-of-consciousness novels in the history of world literature. It has a strong autobiographical color and mainly describes how Stephen, a young man in Dublin, tried to get rid of various influences that hindered his development and the painful process of pursuing the true meaning of art and beauty. It is actually a portrayal of the young Joyce's mental journey from awakening to maturity.

Emperor Qin, Emperor Wu of Han, Emperor Zong of Tang and Song Ancestors, all these romantic heroes are "all gone". However, the merits and demerits and political wisdom they left to future generations have disappeared with the passage of time and the change of dynasties. On the contrary, it is with the passage of time and the change of dynasties that we are more impressed by the wisdom and strategies revealed by some of the incisive remarks of these emperors, generals and ministers. As the supreme ruler of a country, as the emperor, generals and ministers, they have the responsibility and obligation to maintain social order and maintain the stability of the country. The prerequisite for this is to have a deep understanding of the country under their rule and the current affairs at that time, which is related to the rise and fall of the country and the chaos of society. Therefore, their judgments on current affairs are often accurate and insightful.

An old saying goes well: "One word of eloquence is more important than the treasure of the Nine Cauldrons; a three-inch tongue is stronger than a million teachers." In Chinese history, there have been countless famous eloquence talents. They relied on their "three-inch tongue" and "one word can build a country." These outstanding orators have left lasting stories for future generations. Looking back at the history of the development of human society, we will find that the role of defense in social development and people's own development is unquestionable. In order to provide readers with a broad world of eloquence and to improve the quality of their defense, the editor compiled this "Reply Documents of Magi" to classify and screen the defense documents of outstanding orators of all dynasties and select the best articles. The selected defense essays are clear in organization, thorough in reasoning, concise and beautiful in writing. They are popular in reading and profound in meaning. They can be regarded as eternal masterpieces. In the selection process, the editor consulted a large amount of information and referred to several versions, striving to include the best original works of all ancient and modern orators.

The female winemaker's bonus was deliberately lost to Tian Shugen by her adoptive father. Tian Shucai took his brother's place to welcome the bride. On their wedding night, bandit Chen Sanpao robbed Tian's house and stole the bride's bonus. Before his death, Mr. Tian left a message to never allow the Tian family to take revenge on Chen Sanpao. Huahong Niang's wine won an international gold medal. Someone is coveting Tianjia Winery. In the open and covert competition, Huahong uses her mind to fight off the enemy and solve each difficulty. But the revenge flames of brothers and sisters Tian Shucai and Tian Mingliang have never been extinguished. The Japanese army entered the town and the world changed drastically. The war of resistance against Japan washed away and stirred up bonuses. With the help of the New Fourth Army, she put down the gang rebellion. Under the leadership of the New Fourth Army, she led her brothers to a surprise victory and cooperated with the New Fourth Army to successfully snipe the Japanese army amidst numerous crises.

This book systematically describes the initial rule of Shanghai by the Kuomintang government relying on police force from 1927 to 1937, and clarifies many historical issues during this decade: such as the relationship between the central system and local forces; the role of secret organizations and criminal groups in corroding state institutions; the evolution of Shanghai's political organization under the pressure of the Japanese invasion and occupation, etc... The changes in Shanghai's municipal and police affairs are organically combined with the general political background of China at that time, which reflects the macro vision of a historian.

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This book is a medieval history textbook written by Professor Miles. It narrates the history from the Western Roman Empire to Columbus's discovery of the American continent.

In the two to three hundred years after 1500, millions of white Europeans were kidnapped by Muslims from their homes at sea or along the coast, and then sold in the slave markets of North Africa. The British boy Thomas Pellow was one of the white slaves. In the early 18th century, he was bought by the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail. At that time, the sultan was building a magnificent palace, which was built entirely by white slaves. Because Pelo was younger and more resourceful, he became the Sultan's personal slave. Perrault witnessed both this cruel regime and the spectacular scene of this court. After more than twenty years of servitude, Pelo finally regained his freedom and wrote his own story. This book is mainly based on Perlow's experiences and other relevant documents.

On April 16, 2017, Turkey's referendum on constitutional amendments ended. The people agreed to change the prime ministerial system to a presidential system, giving the president greater power, causing an uproar around the world. Why does a country's constitutional reform affect the world? What impact will the political changes in Türkiye have on world politics? The famous historian Norman Stone started writing 1,000 years ago and narrated the vicissitudes of Turkey's past. In a few words, he wrote from the Seljuks in Anatolia in the 11th century to Turkey's application to join the European Union in the 21st century, from the Ottoman Turkish Empire to the Republic of Turkey. He also made an in-depth analysis of the post-World War I Turkey that was full of turmoil and conflicts due to factors such as East and West, religion, tradition, and modernization, and even affected the country's positioning. Only by understanding Turkey's rise and fall, national awakening, religious resistance, etc. Can you understand why Turkey, a country at the junction of Europe and Asia, has become an "Eastern problem" in the past century.

From 1081 to 1797, after seven hundred years of competition among heroes, Venice suddenly emerged, straddling the east and west, achieving hegemony in the Mediterranean and changing the course of European and world history. McNeil tells the story of the ups and downs of Venice, the "maritime empire", with an epic writing style that is penetrating and vivid, and the grand history is vividly written on the page, making people infinitely fascinated and imaginative... McNeil regards Venice as a European hub from the Middle Ages to the early modern period, and describes the exchanges and conflicts between Latin Christian countries, Eastern European Orthodox countries, and Islamic countries. The cultural integration and civilizational interaction with Venice as a transit point had an important impact on the formation of modern Europe.

A masterpiece by Western historian Auman, it provides an overview of the rise and decline of the Dream Empire in 1300. From the establishment of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) in 395 to the capture of the city of Constantinople (formerly known as Byzantium) by the Turks in 1453, the Byzantine Empire lasted for more than 1,000 years and was the longest-lasting empire among the ancient Western feudal dynasties. Its architecture, art and culture can be called miracles of mankind, and Christianity has developed rapidly in this country and reached its peak. British historian Sir Charles Ohman completely narrates the reasons for the birth of the Byzantine state, the hardships of its founding, the contributions and mistakes of monarchs in various historical periods, and the details of the wars of conquest and conquest. He explains thoroughly and vividly presents the image of an ancient empire to readers. This also makes this book an authoritative book in the field of Byzantine history research.

In early June 1942, the Japanese army, which was eager to win, suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Midway, and its desire for a quick victory was completely shattered. The Pacific War has since turned into a protracted war of attrition. After the Allied forces sounded the clarion call for counterattack, the beautiful Pacific islands, from the Solomon Islands, the Gilbert Islands to the Marshall Islands, all turned into blood-filled Shura fields. In order to seize these strategic locations, the Allied forces launched a large-scale amphibious landing battle unprecedented in history. In "Rage of Conquest", Ian Toll pointedly pointed out that the United States gradually gained an overwhelming advantage at this stage by virtue of its strong and stable resource supply, military output and logistical support, and by the end of the war it was a sure win. However, Japan's domestic and military forces continue to promote and beautify "Jade Sui", requiring troops and even civilians to fight to the end and die when there is no hope of victory. The result of this is that 1.5 Million Japanese soldiers and civilians will die before the Japanese rulers lose their fighting spirit...

Eastern Europe, from the Danube River Basin to the steppes north of the Black Sea, is the westernmost point reached by the horsewhip of nomadic civilization, and it is the heartland that changed the direction of European history. From 1500 to 1800, Eastern Europe ushered in new changes. Millions of pioneers reclaimed grasslands into cultivated land in blood and tears. It was no longer horses but artillery that determined the outcome of the war. The force that formed the country changed from marauders on horseback to civil servants writing pens. The three major powers, the Ottomans, Habsburgs, and Russia, Hungary, Wallachia, and Moldova caught in the middle, and the spoilers, the Tatars and Cossacks... The borders of modern Eastern Europe were quietly delineated amidst the intrigues and conflicts of the various powers. This book describes the historical process of the transformation of the "steppe frontier" into a modern country, and writes about the three hundred years of chaos and chaos in Eastern Europe. How the Russian Empire rose, how Eastern Europe was formed in modern times, and even the situation in Eastern Europe from the 19th century to the present may be inspired by this book.

Based on the 50,000-year history of human development in the East and the West, the author of this book, Ian Morris, points out that the dominance of the West was neither destined from ancient times nor a short-term accident. Neither of these views can explain why, despite falling behind, the modern West caught up with or even surpassed the East. Morris believes geography is key. It is geographical factors that have led Eastern and Western societies to embark on completely different development trajectories, and social development has in turn changed the meaning of geography. This two-way force has created the world structure from ancient times to the present, and has gradually shaped the historical pattern of the rise and fall of the East and the West. The author connects outstanding discoveries in various disciplines and combines it with his original "Social Development Index" to intuitively present the development of Eastern and Western societies in different time and space in the form of scores, revealing how wealth and power were transferred from the East to the West, thus establishing the West's dominance for hundreds of years. At the same time, the book doesn't stop there. By sorting out a series of details such as war, climate change, and energy evolution, the author not only traces the historical roots of the West's dominance of the world, but also boldly predicts the drastic changes that will occur in the world in the next hundred years.

This book tells the story of how merchants and adventurers from Elizabethan England crossed the Atlantic and settled in the New World. In 1584, a voyage organized by Walter Raleigh arrived at Roanoke Island. In order to establish a settlement here, they made many attempts and explorations over the next 20 years and invested a lot of money, manpower and materials. Their experiences ranged from funny to tragic, and the whereabouts of some remain a mystery to this day. With the efforts of generations of adventurers, Jamestown was finally built in 1611. This was the first permanent colony established by the English on the far side of the Atlantic Ocean. Based on a large number of diaries and manuscripts, the author tells readers this ups and downs, exciting, mysterious and vivid story, and leads readers on an adventure journey to America.

The fourth part of "This Was the Han Dynasty" begins with Huo Guang gaining power and selecting Liu He, the new emperor of the Han Dynasty, and ends with the two relatives of the Han Dynasty, the Wang family and the Fu family, competing for favor and profit. After Huo Guang overthrew Shangguan Jie and others, he consolidated power and selected Liu He to be the emperor of the Han Dynasty. However, after Liu He ascended the throne, Huo Guang had no choice but to abolish him because of his immature political thinking and misbehavior. Unexpectedly, the poor boy Liu Bingjin ushered in the spring of his life, was welcomed into the palace, became the throne, and ruled the world. However, after Huo Guang died of illness, Liu Bing, instead of being grateful for Huo's support, instead hung a sharp sword and suddenly pushed the Huo family's life and death to the forefront.

This book is a classic work about the three thousand years of history of nomadic peoples in Eurasia. How did Temujin, who lost his father at a young age, lead the weak nomads to defeat all the heroes and unify Mongolia? How did he and his successors continue their western expeditions to create the largest land empire in history? In this work, the author uses the rise and development of the nation as a clue to outline the history of the Mongolian army led by Genghis Khan in the vast Eurasian continent. In addition to the history of the Mongolian conquests throughout the book, the book also contains the intertwined human nature of cunning and helplessness, cruelty and coldness, friendship and betrayal, presenting readers with a thrilling and gripping historical picture.

"Five Thousand Years of the World" is a popular history book without the scholarly atmosphere of a serious historical work, and it got rid of the intolerance of nationalism and even Eurocentrism earlier than many works of that era. The book focuses on the heritage of human culture, including ideas, culture, religion and other heritages, which are truly valuable things in the course of human civilization. This book discusses the history of the world spanning five continents from the formation of the earth, the origin of living things and human beings to the modern day World War I. Wells summarized the purpose of this book as "to show in a straightforward manner to men of average intelligence the inevitable development of political, social, and economic organization into a world federation if civilization is to continue."

When the Age of Discovery had just begun, Matteo Ricci tried to use mnemonics to open the door to China and change this unfamiliar culture. The Chinese followed him through the halls, admiring the pictures, stepping into the depths of the memory palace, toward the theological symbol represented by the symbol of the cross. Eight memory fragments of Matteo Ricci miraculously survived to this day, four Chinese characters and four paintings of biblical stories. It is through these accidental remains that Shi Jingqian cleverly built a complete picture of the intersection of two great civilizations. We can also enter the memory palace created by Matteo Ricci and watch him sometimes be determined and sometimes confused in the unknown world.

He is an extremely mediocre warrior; she is an extremely intelligent woman. He only knows how to go into battle to kill the enemy and gain fame; she helps him move around and turn danger into safety. At every crossroads of fate, the couple worked together to overcome the troubled times, build the Tosa Ichi Domain's foundation for more than 200 years, and achieve great success. In the twelfth year of Eiroku (1569), when Oda Nobunaga was at the height of his power, a little-known general, Kinoshita Tokichiro, gradually emerged. At the suggestion of his wife Chiyo, Yamauchi Kazutoyo, who was originally Nobunaga's valet, turned to join the military general. He did not expect that this unpopular move would be the key to his life or death thirteen years later! Late at night on July 23rd of the fifth year of Keicho (1600), Chiyo sent an urgent messenger to secretly deliver a document box from Osaka. Yamauchi Kazutoyo handed it to Tokugawa Ieyasu, who was struggling to prepare for the war. This laid the foundation for the victory of the Battle of Sekigahara and the foreshadowing of the future expansion of the Yamauchi family's territory... A concubine should be like pampas grass, and a king should be like a rock. I am willing to devote my whole life to protecting the knot!

Selected from the collection of Sherlock Holmes detective stories, including "The Case of the Beryl Crown", "The Case of the Speckled Belt", "The Five Orange Cores" and many other popular short stories. The novel has a rigorous structure and a bizarre and fascinating plot. With the ups and downs of the plot, rigorous logical reasoning, and detailed psychological analysis, it presents readers with a cool, wise and courageous detective Sherlock Holmes.

Selected from the collection of Sherlock Holmes detective stories, including "The Creeper", "The Red-Headed Club", "The Sapphire Case" and many other popular short stories. The novel has a rigorous structure and a bizarre and fascinating plot. The literary image created by the author has a distinctive personality, and he integrates pathology, psychology, etc. Into the detective art in his writing, forming a unique style of detective novels.

A must-read for Japanese Chinese studies and the political history and institutional history of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties. The political process and social evolution of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties are revealed through the specific "Nine Ranks Zhongsheng System", which strongly supports Naito Honan's theory of era division, and has deservedly become an academic milestone of the Kyoto School.

Washington Irving (1783-1859) went to Europe three times in his life and spent 17 years in Britain, France, Germany, Spain and other countries. During this period, he visited places of interest, learned about the local customs, collected folklore, and accumulated rich creative materials. From 1819 onwards, he published many essays, essays and stories. In 1820, he compiled "Notes on His Experience" and published it in England, which caused a sensation and spread widely, making him the first American writer to gain international reputation. The artistic level of Owen's "Notes" exceeds any other of his works. With superb artistic skills, it combines romantic fantasy with realistic descriptions of daily life scenes, humor and lyricism. This is a collection of stories and essays, among which "The Author's Narrative", "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" have become famous works in world literature.

This book consists of two works by the author. In the first "Journey to the American Prairies", after readers follow Irving into the American West, they are greeted by its unique primitive and wild beauty. In addition to the beautiful scenery, there are many stories, which is another aspect of the book that is full of interest. In the work, we also see the simple and interesting life of hunters. The second volume, "American Chronicles and Others," is a collection of stories, legends, and essays by the author. The style and approach are similar to "Notes on Experience," but the content is different. These chapters were written in the author's later years and published four years before his death in 1859. Many of them describe the customs and customs of the United States, but at the same time they are not limited to writing about the United States, but also describe the situation in other European countries, especially Spain. In this work, we are once again delighted to read beautiful chapters that are similar to and no less inferior to "Notes of My Experience", such as "Sleepy Valley Revisited" and "Spring Bird". The author's literary talent once again fully shines through these chapters.

"The Conquest of Granada" is an important work by Washington Irving, the father of American literature. From the word "conquer", it is not difficult for readers to know that this is a historical story about war. This war cannot and should not be forgotten. Like other major wars in the world, it has greatly affected the development process of mankind. Understanding them will inevitably have a beneficial effect on our development today and in the future. This is the positive significance of history. Of course, this significance requires us to summarize and analyze it. The history of the war written by Owen is conveyed to readers through storytelling, which makes the work more vivid and reaches a wider audience - thus making the history of this war familiar to more people. In addition, Owen is a famous novelist and a good storyteller, so "The Conquest of Granada" shows the brilliance and charm of literature.

"A Foreign History of New York" is the first full-length work of Washington Irving, the father of American literature. This is a humorous work with a unique style, which fully reveals Irving's humorous talent. "Reflect the tradition of our city in a funny way; explain the temperament, customs and characteristics of the local people; give local scenery, places and familiar characters a layer of whimsical associations that arouse the imagination." The book satirizes the Dutch colonial rule in New York and refutes the absurd arguments made by the colonialists for enslaving and massacring the Indians. Before the publication of this work, although the United States had gained independence for more than thirty years, it had never been able to break away from the shackles of Britain in literature and create works that were representative of this emerging bourgeois republic. It can be seen that "New York Foreign History", a work with national characteristics, is of great significance in promoting the development of American national literature.

Irving was a master of prose and one of the founding fathers of American literature. His literary talents are concentrated in the book "Notes on What He Sees and Hear", which is a work that coexists truth and fiction and reflects the old and new worlds with superb skills and rich imagination. In this book, the author extracts various anecdotes he heard and saw while traveling in the United States and Europe, and recounts them one by one with the technique of a novelist and the calm thinking of a philosopher. The author uses comic strips to outline the characters. The lazy Rip, the romantic ghost groom and the greedy country teacher Crane have become classic images in the treasure house of world literature. The author's strong humanistic thoughts run through the documentary and travel notes in this book. The famous English essay translator Mr. Gao Jian has dedicated his life to the research and translation of English essays. He is an accomplished selector and translator of English and American essays in China. He is especially famous for his translation style. His translations are exquisite, thoughtful, elegant, pure and sophisticated. There are many scholars who have written papers on Gao Jian's translation theory and style. "Notes on What I See and Hear" is Mr. Gao Jian's representative work in prose translation.

This book includes two classic one-act plays by Anton Chekhov, titled "The Bear" and "The Tragedian". The former is a comedy with three main characters, an unexpected dramatic plot and a romantic ending. The latter has two main characters. Although the plot is not as twists and turns as the former, it poses a higher test of acting skills and emotional communication to the actors. It can be regarded as a satire or comedy.

In the early 1930s, the American "Miller Selection" ranked the five most famous writers in the Chinese literary world at that time, and Yu Dafu was among them. He is an excellent writer and an excellent publisher. Together with Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, etc., He played an active role in the "May Fourth" New Literature Movement and made great contributions to the development of modern Chinese literature and publishing.

"China at Your Fingertips: An Acquaintance with Landscapes and Old Cities" recalls the representative buildings and scenic spots in cities such as Beijing's courtyard houses and alleys, Shanghai's Shili Foreign Market, Hangzhou's West Lake and Lingyin Temple, etc. We have to lament that the cities of the Republic of China had their own unique charm and atmosphere, especially in the vicissitudes of history. Every historical city has performed wonderful stories and left countless moving legends.

A story that is passionate and mysterious, so you can't help but read it. A drift bottle rolled out of the belly of the shark that Sir Glenarvan picked up. Inside, there were three pieces of text written in English, French and German that were eroded by the sea and were incomplete. The voyagers translated the words that could be seen clearly on the three pieces of paper, and then filled in the words in one language without guessing. It turned out to be a letter for help! It was a distress letter sent by the Scottish navigator Captain Grant two years ago. The distress letter aroused the voyagers' great interest in exploration and the heroism complex hidden in their hearts. So Sir Glenarvan, his gentle and virtuous lady Helen, and their friends Major MacNabbs and geographer Paganel took Captain Grant's two strong sons and daughters - the clever Miss Mary and the brave little Robert - on the sailing ship "Duncan" and embarked on an adventurous journey to find and rescue Captain Grant...

This book is one of the trilogy by the famous French science fiction novelist Jules Verne, the other two being "Captain Grant's Children" and "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea". The book tells the story of five northerners who were trapped in the southern army during the American Civil War. They were waiting for an opportunity to escape by balloon. They encountered a storm on the way and were thrown to an island in the South Pacific. Relying on their own wisdom and extraordinary perseverance, these castaways overcame various difficulties and not only survived tenaciously, but also built the island into a prosperous paradise. The plot of the whole novel is ups and downs, full of descriptions of the strange and colorful nature, and it integrates various knowledge into the thrilling story. Therefore, even though it has been published for more than a hundred years, it is still highly praised and loved by readers all over the world.