Novels like The Snake Immortal in Chains
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as The Snake Immortal in Chains, best match first.
- 1 The Snake Lord Is Hard to Handle 蛇君难缠 When I was born, my father disturbed the spiritual object guarding a feng shui site and killed an entire nest of snakes. Our family was punished for it. I had to wear a pair of red jade earrings to stay alive, but one snake claimed they were his betrothal gift and demanded that I become his woman. I tried to escape, but he used force to keep me by his side, sweet-talking me and refusing to spare any rivals who coveted me. I thought his feelings for me were real, and gradually fell for him, until 257Reads8.1Score—Shelves
- 2 The Dragon King Takes a Wife at the Divine Dragon Temple 神龙庙之龙王娶妻 Ever since my great-grandfather’s time, our family has passed down this story. My great-grandfather once ran into danger while traveling and nearly died, but was saved by the legendary Dragon King. To repay him, he let slip while drunk that he would promise his future daughter to the Dragon King, in exchange for the village’s people living in peace and gratitude for the life-saving favor. But the generations passed, sons had sons and sons had sons, and it wasn’t until I was born that the Lin fam 24Reads—Score—Shelves
- 3 The Snake King’s Sacrifice: Messenger of the Underworld 蛇王祭之阴间使者 Three years ago, Ouyang Rui willingly sacrificed his dragon pearl to save me and the child in my womb, his soul utterly destroyed. Three years later, strange phenomena appeared, and red light blotted out the sun. I became a messenger of the underworld. A female corpse, a bizarre death, and one strange event after another: the conspiracy had begun anew... 6Reads6.7Score—Shelves
- 4 Snake Gu 蛇蛊 I was destined to face a calamity. I tried every way I could to escape, but they still found me. Ghosts cleared the way as eerie music rang out, and a bewitching man in red hunted me down from a thousand miles away. A dying message written in blood, a demon arriving at my door in the dead of night. On the verge of death, I had no choice but to accept the snake demon's terms: enter a ghost marriage and become his spirit medium. The demon snake was ferocious. He promised me eternal life, but life 71Reads—Score—Shelves
- 5 My Dragon King Husband 我的龙王夫君 All I wanted was a steady job and an honest living. His arrival shattered my peace. I went to bat for him, and he promised me a grand wedding. I thought he was my happy ending, but he held another woman in his arms and told me, "She is my wife. You're nothing but a bed warmer." I forgave him again and again, only for him to use my life to save another woman. The day I awoke from the dream, I realized it had all been a dream. When the heavenly tribulation for my second ascension to immortality ca 45Reads—Score—Shelves
- 6 The Snake Lord from Heaven: His Wife Is a Walking Trouble Magnet 天降蛇君:媳妇是个惹事包 I’m a woman of pure yang, and my blood has a strange effect on supernatural creatures. As a child, I was playing around and nearly got carried off by a dead person, but a Snake Immortal saved me and gave me one of his scales for protection. Years later, when I returned to my village, countless supernatural creatures watched the blood in my veins covetously. The villagers saw me as a priceless offering, ready to sacrifice me at any moment. The man I’d met once as a child appeared again. “It’s bee 78Reads7.7Score—Shelves
- 7 The Snake Husband Leads Me Along the Path of the Dead 蛇夫携我踏阴路 [Cunning Male Lead + Forced Love + Coming-of-Age Heroine + Both Pure] [Snake-Like, Sharp-Tongued Male Lead + Soft Yet Strong Heroine] Ten years ago, my father killed a snake that had slithered into our home. Ever since, calamity has plagued my family. My father was bitten to death by something in the mountains while chopping firewood, and overnight my mother became the village’s most despised madwoman before throwing herself down a well... To keep me alive, Grandma struck a deal with the famous 220Reads6.5Score102Shelves
- 8 The Black Snake as My Husband: Lord Demon, Please Be Gentle 墨蛇为夫:妖君大人请温柔 Jiang An was destined for a rough road from the moment she was born. Her birth killed her mother, and when she was nine, her father died as well. A fortune-teller passing through the village said she was cursed, that she would bring trouble to the villagers, and that she was destined not to live past eighteen. From then on, her grandfather spent every day tinkering with something, though she had no idea what. On her eighteenth birthday, her grandfather cooked her a meal. When she woke up, she fo 34Reads6.9Score—Shelves
- 9 Born of Yin, Wife of the Serpent King 阴生女,蛇王妻 [The occult, feng shui, fortune-telling, Zhuyou healing, witchcraft, strange tales and supernatural happenings] I was born a deformed ghost fetus. The night my foolish mother carried me home, the heavens unleashed strange signs. Blood crows filled the sky, and a disastrous downpour lasted seven days straight. To defy fate and change my destiny, my foolish mother threw me into a mass grave, sealed me in a coffin, and buried me alive. I was reborn by devouring flesh. The villagers feared me, yet c 41Reads—Score—Shelves
- 10 The Yin Fox Wife 阴狐妻 My family has been at odds with foxes for three generations. When my elder sister was born, she smiled but never cried, and had a fox's face. When she died young and was buried, many foxes came. When I was born, my whole family dreamed the same dream: a red fox darted into our home. I was born at the wrong time, or perhaps... I should never have come into this world at all. My life was borrowed. When the contract was signed, he came, and so did the calamity. 72Reads6.2Score—Shelves
- 11 The Snake Bride 蛇嫁 My name is Jiang Sheng. To pay off my father’s debts, I became a “professional homewrecker.” One day, a client offered me a million to ruin her match. I never expected her fiancé to be a snake! 211Reads—Score—Shelves
- 12 Raising a Ghost Husband: Grow Up Already! 养鬼为夫:夫君,快长大! Grandpa’s coffin shop was quiet year-round. Then one day, an old woman showed up and asked me to hammer four iron nails into a coffin for her. After that, my shadow disappeared. Second Uncle from the village said someone had borrowed my life. To save me, Grandpa had no choice but to take a dangerous gamble. The wedding and funeral were held together, and in a daze, I got engaged to a little ghost who had just burst out of a female ghost’s belly right in front of me. From then on, I had to be bot 33Reads—Score—Shelves
- 13 Snake’s Grudge 蛇怨 [First-person narration. Don’t read if that bothers you!] [Angst first, sweetness later! Heartbreak first, romance later!] The immortal spirit my family had worshipped for years turned out to be Second Master Liu, a famous figure at Wangshantang. I thought he would take pity on me and save me from my misery, but in his eyes, I was no more than one among all living beings. I’d barely turned eighteen when an unclean thing latched onto me. It tormented me until I was hardly human, then gave me a fi 163Reads—Score—Shelves
- 14 Northeast Dragon and Phoenix Hall: This Spirit Medium Is a Little Unhinged 东北龙凤堂,这个弟马有点癫 The Ma family of the Northeast practices an occupation steeped in mystery. I've been at it from the age of fifteen to twenty-five: ten years honing my craft, though I haven't exactly honed it quickly. This book will be updated as things happen, and I'll share some of my experiences from these years. Discussion is welcome. Here's the important part!!! To anyone who wants to hurl insults: you definitely won't win that contest with me. To anyone who disparages the profession: go ahead. Things reall 190Reads—Score—Shelves
- 15 The Aloof Snake Immortal Wants Cuddles 高冷蛇仙求贴贴 [Devoted romance + one-on-one pairing + mutual pursuit + sweet indulgence + face-slapping + bickering couple] PS: This is an original modern mythological romance. The System changed the category on its own and put me under historical romance. It features lots of demons and monsters. The first half is more everyday life, while the second half is an adventure. After an accident, Wu Huaiyu, a lowly office worker, finds herself pursued by a cool, domineering, handsome snake demon. She thinks all she 8Reads—Score—Shelves
- 16 I Snagged a Fox Immortal for a Husband 拐个狐仙当夫君 Wanru was born with a constitution that attracts ghosts. She stopped breathing the moment she was born. To save her, her grandmother, a spirit medium, struck a deal with a fox spirit. That night, a hundred foxes wailed in mourning, and everyone knew Wanru was the legendary Fox Maiden. She learned a few spirit-seeing skills from her grandmother as a child. After her grandmother passed away, her aunt-by-marriage tricked her into going to a brothel for five taels of silver. That night, her client h 35Reads—Score—Shelves
- 17 Help! The Possessive Snake Lord Is Too Flirtatious 救命!偏执蛇君太撩人 An obsessive, seductive, sensual mind reader of a male lead vs. a sweet, soft, adorable heroine who can be gentle or feisty, is easy to win over, and has a vivid inner monologue Light horror + smart characters + a battle of wits with the Snake Lord + episodic stories solving all kinds of ghostly mysteries The snake I saw in my dreams actually showed up in my life? His arrival threw everything into chaos. First came my ill-fated destiny, then my family’s deaths, the Snake Immortal’s lies, my yin 1Reads—Score—Shelves
- 18 The Dragon King Takes a Bride 龙王娶亲 [Sweet Romance #Devoted Husband #Everyone's Favorite #Dragon King #Supernatural #Heartwarming] The devoted Dragon King, Long Lin, fiercely protects his wife! On the day I got married, little ghosts paved the way and the heavens opened a path. Petals filled the sky, and birds came to celebrate in a phoenix procession. It was a rare gathering of all three realms. Red silk covered the land, and the banquet stretched across heaven and earth for three whole days and nights. When the bridal veil was l 69Reads—Score—Shelves
- 19 My Dragon King 我的龙王大人 Every night, I have that kind of dream. Not with a person. That thing presses tightly against me, its long, serpentine tail coiling around me and sliding over every inch of my body! Wherever its scales pass, it feels like an ice blade cutting into my flesh. It hurts, and I can't even scream. All I can do is endure the stabbing pain and shiver in the cold, until at last its icy tail tightens around me and suffocates me to death! Until that day… 79Reads7.0Score—Shelves
- 20 Pleasure with a Snake 与蛇欢 When I was eight, my father burned a nest of snakes, and the whole Su family suffered retribution. To save my life, I was forced to make a marriage pact with a Fox Immortal. Now that I'm eighteen, a snake has forcibly destroyed my engagement and demanded that I become his wife and spirit medium. Karmic debts must be repaid, and love and resentment are tangled together. Caught between two immortal beings, I have nowhere to turn. Infant spirits come for my life, and people are sacrificed to serve 111Reads9.0Score—Shelves
- 21 The Calamity of a Ghostly Marriage, the Debt of a Dragon's Bones 阴缘劫,龙骨债 ♢ The Obsessive Snake Lord × The Bride with a Substitute Bone ♢ I was born with an incomplete destiny bone, and a dragon bone formed from a black snake was used to make up for it. Because I ruined his path to becoming a dragon, he hated me to the bone. He tormented me, took me against my will, and forced me to bear snake offspring. He said, “You used my dragon bone to keep yourself alive, so I’ll use your body to settle the debt.” He forced me to repay my karmic debt, yet risked his life to keep 519Reads8.4Score—Shelves
- 22 The Spirit-Boned Snake Immortal 灵骨蛇仙 [Domineering, ruthless Snake-Bone Immortal x unlucky, resilient, clever young bride] (Mystery + supernatural deduction + doting romance + sweet and angsty moments + little demon-hunting adventures + more or less a marriage-first, love-later story) I was born in an ancient village steeped in mysterious legends. In a cave there lay a huge coiled snake skeleton, worshipped like a god by the people after a century of offerings. When I was barely a teenager, my greedy father sold me to the Snake-Bone 54Reads6.4Score—Shelves
- 23 The Serpent's Bewitching Dance 蛇骨婆娑 The year I turned twenty-four, a group of snakes gave me a marriage contract. It was signed by someone from the Guangxu era, named Yin Jiuyuan. When we met again, he handed me an employment agreement. “Snakes are unusually attracted to you, which makes you valuable to my research. Your salary is twenty thousand a month, and double if one bites you.” I was broke, so I signed. Only later did I learn that he was a snake king who had lived for three hundred years, and I was the person he fell in 32Reads—Score—Shelves
- 24 The Serpent's Curse 蛇咒 When I was little, my grandfather once beat a snake to death... After that, strange things kept happening to our family. A fortune-teller said I wouldn't live to see twenty. To save me, my father made a pact with a snake spirit. On my eighteenth birthday, it left a snake curse on my wrist. Ever since then, every night I dream of a giant golden python, its jaws gaping wide, its tongue flicking as it bares its fangs. It tells me I belong to it, and that in this life, the next, and every life after 2.4kReads—Score—Shelves
- 25 The Snake King’s Spiritual Bride 蛇王灵妻 I was born on the Ghost Festival in the Snake Immortal Temple. I was a corpse-born child, gifted with yin-yang eyes and the ability to commune with spirits. On the night I turned eighteen, snakes paved the way and ghosts roamed the night. A bridal sedan chair floated from the Snake Immortal Temple and came to a stop before me. A man in wedding robes stood atop the sedan chair. My grandmother said the Snake Immortal had come to marry me. But after I climbed into the sedan chair, a voice told me t 47Reads—Score—Shelves
- 26 Dragon God, Send Your Proposal, and I’ll Take the Sedan Chair 龙神请聘,夫人上轿 [A touch of mystery, the supernatural, and possessiveness. Marriage before love. Plot first, romance second. Sweet and sugary.] Born at noon, fated to yin, a thunderclap shakes the world. My birth was said to herald disaster. The villagers feared me, and my parents hated me. So, when I was just a month old, my father threw me into the mountains to fend for myself. Thankfully, my grandmother saved me. She told me that, to keep me alive, she had promised me in marriage to the Dragon God… 11Reads—Score—Shelves
- 27 The Ghost King's White-Haired Bride 鬼王的白发新娘 My name is Lin Yao. I was born cursed. The day I was born, I brought about my parents’ deaths. For nineteen years, the whole village treated me like a plague, an ill omen, a filthy breathing thing not even worth a second glance. Only my grandmother was willing to shield me. But when she died, my hair turned white overnight. I became a true orphan, and the disaster they said had to be driven out. Afraid the ancient locust tree at the village entrance, which had gained a spirit, would bring disast 2Reads—Score—Shelves
- 28 The Snake Wife 阴蛇妻 My name is Su Xue. I was slow to develop as a child, and I’m not very smart. My grandpa was a Yin-Yang Master. Out of a moment of kindness, he saved someone, but a snake spirit tricked him, leading to my grandma’s tragic death. In his fury, he burned every snake on the entire back mountain. To avoid revenge from the Snake Venerable of the serpent clan, he sent me straight to a psychiatric hospital, then vanished with my parents. They say that before the mentally ill, all evil spirits are nothing 227Reads—Score—Shelves
- 29 The Snake Immortal Husband Falls at My Feet 蛇仙老公拜倒在我的石榴裙下 After my mother died, she gave birth to me inside her coffin. Since I was born on Ghost Festival, I was naturally tied to an ill-fated destiny, and from then on, people called me the Coffin-Born Girl. When I was seven, I swallowed a snake's gall and lost all my memories. I had no choice but to leave home for twelve years. When I returned, the world was full of danger and uncertainty. My father didn't care for me, my mother was gone, and the only one who came whenever I called was that long worm. 299Reads7.0Score—Shelves
- 30 The Dragon King's Fated Wife 命中注定龙王妻 I’ve suffered from a strange illness since childhood. Dark patches spread across my body, and I grew increasingly frail. We went to the hospital countless times, but no one could cure me. With no other options, my mother turned to superstition and took me to a so-called spirit medium. The medium told her my illness was caused by the “Dragon King’s Curse”! With a basin of chicken’s blood and a stick of incense, the medium sent me to the “Dragon King’s Palace in the Eastern Sea.” She said there mi 84Reads6.2Score—Shelves
- 31 The Spirit Snake Pact 灵蛇契约 [Both leads are each other's first, sweet romance, one-on-one, secret identities, revenge, happy ending] Grandpa once did a snake a kindness, and in return, the snake became the Snake Immortal enshrined by my family. To evade his enemies, Grandpa used me as a bargaining chip and forced me to sign a contract selling myself to the Snake Immortal. I thought this was the beginning of a nightmare, but it turned out to be the first step toward a new life. And so my fate became bound to his. He took me 20Reads6.8Score—Shelves
- 32 The Flying Dragon Coffin 飞龙棺 I was born half a month before my due date. My mother was home alone, while my father had gone to relocate a village grave. On the day of the relocation, he beat a horned snake to death. The snake died, and I was born! When I arrived, snakes surrounded our courtyard. The villagers all called me a bringer of calamity. Before my grandmother passed away, she left me a red dragon jade pendant. On my sixteenth birthday, the snake my father had killed appeared in our courtyard, and the red dragon pend 52Reads6.4Score—Shelves
- 33 The Eerie Groom 诡异新郎官 My family kept a fox immortal spirit on its altar. Then one day, I received a gift from my grandfather, and finally succeeded in summoning a fox spirit to be my husband! A thousand years of karma, one servant and one master. As long as you're here, I will follow you forever. 57Reads—Score—Shelves
- 34 My Husband, the Dragon 化龙为夫 [Mystery with a touch of the supernatural, mutual devotion, sweetness, personal growth, a false past life, mild angst and fantasy] When my father was young, his family was poor, so he made a living by collecting snake eggs. Then one day, he accidentally witnessed a snake transforming, a dangerous process. Back then, people said that seeing a snake transform brought bad luck. Unexpectedly, from that day on, a giant snake set its sights on our family. It threatened us: If we wanted the whole famil 22Reads—Score—Shelves
- 35 I Picked Up a Hamster for a Husband 捡只仓鼠当老公 (Gentle big sister & adorable giant hamster) Who gets it?! Su Li just picked up a dusty, black Polibear beside a garbage can after work one day. She got him used to her and fed him freeze-dried tofu every day, but then one day the little guy vanished without a trace. The next time she saw him, he'd become an entertainer at her father's company. “Li, I missed you.” She was utterly stunned. So the hamster she'd picked up had turned into a man?! Su Li froze in place, with just one thought in her he —Reads—Score—Shelves
- 36 My Ghost-Marriage Husband Is the Ghost King 我的冥婚夫君是鬼王 My Ghostly Wedding Husband Is the Ghost King 12Reads—Score—Shelves
- 37 Little Brother Yama! Please, I'm Begging You! 阎王小哥哥!求求你了! [An innocent, timid girl who hides her talents meets a scheming, lovesick King of Hell] [A push and pull between sweetness and heartbreak | The King of Hell’s obsessive mortal fixation] The day her uncle-in-law passed away, Song Ci’s world completely fell apart. The words lodged in her throat became a torment she could never escape. When she returned from the funeral and saw her aunt’s haggard face, her heart went hollow. It was then that she quietly entered into a pact with the Underworld. —Reads—Score—Shelves
- 38 I'm Just a Walking Disaster, and You Want Me to Be a Spirit Medium? 我一个倒霉蛋,你让我当出马仙? [First-person narration, fake transmigration, not a strong female lead, two equally matched leads, no golden finger. The heroine is intelligent and quick to adapt. The early plot moves too fast. She is not adored by everyone. The story leans toward fantasy and includes cultivation. The male lead has a double identity. The Three Realms are divided into the Heavenly Realm, the Demon Realm, and the Mortal World. The Immortal Realm belongs to the Heavenly Realm, while the Netherworld belongs to the —Reads—Score—Shelves
- 39 Born Under the Yin Sign, Wed to the King of the Underworld 阴女命,嫁冥王 A revised edition of Unending Ghostly Bonds, ten years in the making! After three years together, her boyfriend actually handed her over to the neighbor next door! From then on, she was haunted by sleep paralysis every night. In the darkness, a pair of icy hands roamed over her, and the Ghost King took her completely for himself. She tried to escape, only to realize she'd sunk deep into the mire of fate. In fear and despair, she gradually uncovered the shocking secrets hidden behind the underwor 208Reads—Score—Shelves
- 40 Walking the Yin Road, Led by a Snake Spirit 走阴路,蛇魂引 There’s a black snake locked in my basement. Whenever I got sick, the elders in my family would go whip it. Grandpa told me it was my stand-in for death. Later, Grandpa died a violent death, my family was ruined, and a man appeared before me. He grabbed me by the throat and forced me to repay my debt... 247Reads8.9Score—Shelves
- 41 Nine Serpents Carry the Coffin 九蛇抬棺 When I was born, my father cut off several snakes with a knife. Ever since then, I’ve often dreamed at night of a huge black snake coiling around me, squeezing the breath from my lungs as if it were taking revenge. On my eighteenth birthday, the villagers tied me up and sent me to the mountain behind the village… 88Reads7.1Score—Shelves
- 42 The Serpent Lord Has Arrived: Master, Don’t Crave Me 蛇君驾到:爷,别馋我 This novel features the supernatural, an arrogant and calculating male lead, a devoted couple with no other partners, and emotional torment for both leads. I was born beneath a sky filled with rosy clouds, ablaze with every color, and blessed with auspicious signs. My grandmother was a shaman, so she read my fate and cast the divination. The result was astonishing: I was destined to become an empress. When I was seven, I fell seriously ill. A wise master advised that I form a bond with the Snake 202Reads6.8Score—Shelves
- 43 An Unbroken Serpent Marriage: The Snake Lord Is Too Fierce 阴缘不断:蛇夫太凶猛 When I was ten, I hurt a snake. More than a decade later, it came back for revenge, and strange things began happening around me… It all began that night when I caught a ride with the guy of my dreams… 68Reads6.4Score—Shelves
- 44 Luring Her into Sweet Surrender: The CEO's Snake-Husband Bride 诱她沉欢,霸总蛇夫的冲喜新娘 He Huan encountered a spirit snake transforming into a dragon, and that very night, it wrapped itself around her. It took full advantage of her, then shamelessly claimed it was repaying a debt of gratitude. He Huan suffered in silence as the snake clung to her. After her fiancé cheated on her with her despicable stepsister, she married Long Tingye, the notorious playboy of the capital, in a fit of anger. She had heard that Long Tingye had accidentally fallen into the water three years ago and be 47Reads6.2Score—Shelves
- 45 The Snake Lord's Passionate Entanglement 蛇君缠情 Decades ago, a terrible drought struck. Grandpa was lucky enough to be saved by a white snake and survived, but the snake fell into a coma and never woke. To repay its kindness, Grandpa made a small coffin to give it a place to rest. Then a drop of my blood accidentally fell on it, awakening the white snake that had been sleeping all this time... 81Reads6.6Score—Shelves
- 46 On the Day of Our Blind Date, My Snake Husband Transferred Me 500,000 相亲当天,蛇夫给我转了五十万 Lin Xiaoxiao is broke, with a seriously ill father and a sister trapped in an abyss of despair. As long as a job doesn't involve selling herself or breaking the law, Lin Xiaoxiao will do it. One day, she takes a gig standing in for someone on a blind date. She never expected such an easy job, so she accepts. But then her date transfers 500,000 yuan to her account without a word, saying she'll get another 500,000 if the job goes well... Wait... How did he know her account number? 4Reads—Score—Shelves
- 47 Snake Pregnancy 蛇胎 One true pairing, both pure. “Jiang Xiaoli, have you really forgotten who I am? How dare you?” In countless dreams, someone repeats those words. Sometimes through tears of blood, sometimes with a beaming smile. Jiang Xiaoli doesn’t know who the man is, or even whether he’s human. All she knows is that it feels as if a huge hole has been dug out of her heart. She can’t remember her past with him. Just as she could never have imagined that the grand gift for her twentieth birthday would be a nonhu 123Reads6.5Score—Shelves
- 48 Lord Snake: So Adorable 蛇君大人:萌萌哒 My name is Luo Qiqi. When I was little, a black snake in the fields bit me, and my father killed it. Later, the black snake came looking for me, saying it wanted revenge. Grandpa told me I’d been born with the bloodline of a spirit snake, and that I had no choice but to marry the Black Snake Lord and become his wife. A few months later, Grandpa was murdered. His death made me realize that a huge conspiracy was hidden behind it all... 48Reads6.4Score—Shelves
- 49 Our Ghost Marriage Is Set: The Tyrannical Ghost King Keeps Me Imprisoned in His Heart 冥婚已定,霸道鬼王心上囚 Because of my birth chart, I somehow ended up in a ghost marriage. My ghost husband was devastatingly handsome, but also domineering and shameless. After having his way with me, he even said, “When I was alive, countless women wanted to climb into my bed. After I died, countless female ghosts wanted to climb into my coffin. Surely you have at least a little interest in me?” I resisted with all my might, and the male ghost had no choice but to promise he wouldn't touch me again. I thought I was f 3.3kReads8.2Score407Shelves
- 50 A Coffin as the Bride Price 抬棺为聘 The red moon is about to rise. The fox spirit is taking a bride. Keep your distance if you’re human. The elders say that when a red moon appears in the sky, it means a fox is taking a bride. Humans mustn’t go peeking, or they’ll incur the fox spirit’s wrath and vengeance. My name is Chen Someone. After I saw a fox use a coffin for its wedding, it bore a grudge against me. 12Reads7.0Score—Shelves

















































