Novels like You're Just an Auxiliary Police Officer, and Your First Assignment Is to Arrest Two Murderers?
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as You're Just an Auxiliary Police Officer, and Your First Assignment Is to Arrest Two Murderers?, best match first.
- 151 No Escape from the End of Sin 2 罪终难逃2 Cheng Yi, the male lead of this novel, is twenty-six years old and heads Criminal Investigation Team A in the Major Crimes Unit of the U City Police Department. Most of the time, he looks half-asleep and utterly listless. You’d never take him for a police officer just by looking at him. But whenever a case comes up, he becomes a completely different person. He investigates with utmost care and rigor, his mind racing even faster than a computer’s CPU fan. He’s handsome and charming, too, but what 20Reads—Score—14d adds
- 152 Reborn in 1998: A Young Cop's Rise to the Top 重生1998小警一路逆袭 Pure crime-solving Time flows backward, and fate is rewritten. Through a strange twist of fate, Lin Mo returns to 1998, where everything begins anew. This time, he is no longer the soldier forced to leave the military due to his injuries. Instead, he is a “rookie” armed with memories and wisdom from the future. Faced with a fresh start, he resolutely chooses a career in the police force, vowing to fulfill every ambition left unrealized in his previous life. Cases come one after another, from 4.4kReads8.3Score42214d adds
- 153 I Became a Criminal Profiling Expert with the System 我靠系统，成为犯罪心理侧写专家 [System] + [No Romance] + [Episodic] + [Criminal Psychology] For Lin Yun, ever since a System calling itself a “master of criminal psychological profiling” crashed into his mind, life has become a case of a tiny cop carrying enormous questions. Is this thing really suitable for a beat cop? 52.6kReads8.4Score7.5k14d adds
- 154 Chasing Killers in the Dead of Night 暗夜追凶 “Does perfect crime really exist?” Bai Qi nodded confidently. “Of course!” “Then how come I've never heard of it?” Bai Qi gave a disdainful smile. “If you'd heard of it... would it still be a perfect crime?” 2.7kReads8.7Score31714d adds
- 155 He Is the Killer 他是凶手 He was an outstanding police officer. How did he become a murderer? Was he framed, or does he have a split personality? If he is the culprit, why did he become an undercover agent? When someone has nowhere left to turn, will they break their oath? When someone is trapped in a dead end, how can they redeem themselves? The cruelty of the truth often exceeds all imagination. No one can escape the fate Heaven has dealt them. 12.5kReads9.0Score1.1k14d adds
- 156 Beat Cop Lin Feng 片警林峰 In August 1992, 52-year-old criminal investigation expert Lin Feng died in the line of duty during a pursuit. When he opened his eyes again, he had returned to age eighteen, to the very day he was assigned as a neighborhood police officer at the Chaoyang Police Station in Jiangcheng. In his previous life, he specialized in major cases. Now, he had to start with family squabbles and everyday nuisances. Stolen bicycles, disputes between neighbors, pickpockets at the market... Yet among these “mino —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 157 This Auxiliary Police Officer Is a Little Too Strong 这个辅警有亿点强 The story of a rookie auxiliary police officer fresh out of high school. Armed with the strongest career System, he earns a salary of 1,800 yuan while doing work worth 108,000, growing steadily along the way until he becomes a legend in the police force. (This is not a brainless power fantasy. Please proceed with caution if that bothers you.) 47Reads8.9Score—14d adds
- 158 You Catch a Whole Carload Every Day, and You Call Yourself a Trainee Cop? 一天抓一车，你管这叫实习警察？ Online love interest: Want to meet in person? Jiang Hao: Hang on, I'm busy. I might be a little late... Future father-in-law: Is that any way to behave?! Online dating is one thing, but you're late to meet her in person too? Can my daughter really be with a man like that? They have to break up! Ding! The Divine Police System has activated during your blind date. Arrest an A-rank fugitive! The father-in-law stared at the fugitive Jiang Hao had brought along as a meeting gift to the blind date 6.8kReads8.6Score74614d adds
- 159 The Laid-Back Detective: From the Start, I Show Up with a Robbery Suspect in Tow 咸鱼警探之开局拎着抢劫犯报到 Bu Tongfeng had hoped to lie flat, but somehow ran into an unreliable System. Before long, he found himself caught up in one bizarre case after another. Fine. If you won't let me take it easy, then none of you are getting away unscathed. I'll use the iron fist of justice to teach you that being a couch potato is an attitude, not a lack of ability. 3.5kReads9.2Score33214d adds
- 160 I Expose Secrets with My Skills, and the Whole Internet Thinks I'm a Police Officer! 我靠技能爆料，全网说我是警察！ 912Reads8.6Score10414d adds
- 161 Death Deduction 死亡推演 Whatever the eerie eyes see, clues take on a three-dimensional form, and secrets are laid bare. Under the scalpel, the dead speak, and the whole truth comes to light. A forensic detective with an IQ over 180. With death, she performs the most beautiful waltz in the fog; through deduction, she proves that justice always prevails. Thanks to Wenwan Ge for providing the original cover! 41Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 162 Crime-Solving System: The Beautiful CEO Shows Up with Her Son 破案系统：美女总裁带儿子找上门 [A beginner's practice work, so please go easy on me. You're also welcome to check out my new book beside this one.] [Crime-solving System + Campus Heartthrob and Belle + One Female Lead + Nontraditional Sweet Romance ++ Stay-at-home Dad? + Girl Pursues Guy?] [Please don't take the cases in this story too seriously. They're mainly here to advance the relationship between the leads.] [The cases begin in Chapter Four. The blurb isn't very good. If you still don't like it after the first ten chapte 680Reads8.7Score—14d adds
- 163 Tough Cop: I Earned Second-Class Merit on My First Day, and You Call Me an Intern? 悍警：入职当天二等功，你管这叫实习生？ A new work is out! You can find my stories on Tomato Novel. I hope you enjoy them. Your support motivates me to write, and I’ll do my best to tell every story well! 3.3kReads7.8Score32914d adds
- 164 Marks of Guilt 罪痕 Is there always evil behind every crime? Real cases reveal the truth about human nature. [Crime Investigation] [Not a Web Novel] [Not a Wish-Fulfillment Story] Strange and major cases, from human flesh takeout and a cat corpse found in a belly to a body hanging in Xian Lake, are uncovered one by one across the country. 2kReads8.7Score22414d adds
- 165 Chinese Criminal Investigations: True Major Cases 中国刑侦：那些真实大案 Since the founding of the country, ruthless criminals have crisscrossed the provinces from south to north, committing crimes with savage methods and vanishing without a trace. Some spent years on the run, hiding in obscurity. Some worked alone for years without being detected. Others disappeared without a trace after committing shocking massacres. This book covers more than ten long-unsolved cases, each of which once shook the entire country. Some cold cases were finally solved after years of si 140Reads—Score11014d adds
- 166 You Asked Me to Deliver a Package, So I Took the Kidnapper to the Police Station 让你送快递，你把绑架犯送到警局 On a parallel-world Blue Star, Lin Chen, who has transmigrated there, becomes a courier. One day, he awakens a lottery System that rewards him for solving cases. As long as he catches a criminal or solves a case, he earns points for a draw. Isn’t this the perfect path to the top? But the skills he wins leave him completely at a loss. 1. “Dodge, dodge, hands at the ready.” (Lets him unconsciously evade any attack.) 2. “Come on, buddy, have a smoke.” (Anyone who refuses starts coughing.) 3. “It’s 67Reads5.9Score—14d adds
- 167 You Were Supposed to Visit the Task Force, and You Solved the Case? 让你慰问专案组，你把案子破了？ Su Mu graduates and is assigned to work as a police officer in the police station’s political affairs office. On his first day, he’s sent to convey the leadership’s regards to a special investigation team, but on the way there, he cracks a case the team had been helpless to solve. He catches a rabid dog, then solves a string of thefts. During a coordinated operation, they find a suspect’s trunk full of junk. Su Mu manages to assemble the junk into a firearm, uncovering and dismantling a gun-runn 16.5kReads9.1Score1.6k14d adds
- 168 I'm a Taxi Driver, So Isn't It Reasonable to Compete with the Police for Fares? 我开出租的，跟警察抢活很合理吧 [Criminals + comedy + entertainment + all kinds of skills] Su Chen transmigrates to a parallel world and joins a reality show, where he draws the job of taxi driver. But there seems to be something a little strange about his livestreams. Su Chen: That woman’s acting suspicious, carrying a child around. Doesn’t she look like a trafficker? Viewers: The baby isn’t crying, and she’s even making it laugh. You call that a trafficker? Ten minutes later. Viewers: Holy crap! She really is a trafficker!? 1.5kReads9.2Score24514d adds
- 169 The Detective's Mission 刑警使命 Ye Jiu, an orthodox inheritor of the Su Family's Taiji tradition and a former unarmed-combat instructor with a special operations unit, transfers to a local post as a criminal investigator. While staking out a suspect, he is struck by lightning and unexpectedly gains twenty years of memories from a parallel world. From then on, he embarks on an extraordinary career as a detective, cracking major cases, capturing key criminals, and crushing all manner of criminal gangs with iron fists. No one can 11.7kReads9.0Score1.5k14d adds
- 170 The 1990s Crime Expert Takes the Criminal Investigation Team to New Heights 九零犯罪专家，带飞刑侦队 [No CP, no female lead, no romantic tension] [Logical deduction] [Twists in the cases] [Not wish-fulfillment, no showing off] [There is a System, but it barely features and disappears soon] A bestselling mystery novelist becomes a returned doctorate holder in the 1990s and an expert in criminal psychology at a police academy. Teach a class? Sure, but that’s not exciting enough! Why not solve a few major cases and teach you on the scene? A county town with almost no surveillance cameras. A crimin 8.2kReads9.0Score69114d adds
- 171 Funeral Affairs Master: I Can Solve Cases Too 白事先生：我也会破案 My childhood friend got caught soliciting sex. There’s no problem with me bailing him out, right? But what’s the deal with making a funeral director like me the head of a special investigation team? All I want is to focus on making money, but the appearance of a confession letter completely changed my life, and nearly got me killed (Chapter 164). For personal and professional reasons alike, Chou Wan, I’m going to catch you... This is a traditional detective novel, not a power fantasy. The pacing 36Reads—Score—14d adds
- 172 Inheriting a Police Badge: I Just Joined the Force, and My Crime-Solving Skills Are Maxed Out 警号继承：刚入职，刑侦技能拉满 Crime-solving + power fantasy + System + fast-paced + one heroine across 500,000 words (ongoing)! “Police badge reactivated! Badge number 89757! Officer Guan, welcome back!” Twenty years ago, his father died in the line of duty, and his badge was decommissioned. Twenty years later, Guan Feng transfers to a new post, inherits his father's badge, and awakens a System. Every case he solves earns him various rewards: clues, detective skills, physical enhancements, and cutting-edge technology... From 8.3kReads8.8Score61014d adds
- 173 Me, I Arrested My Blind Date from the Start 我，开局逮捕了相亲对象 “Ding!” “System activated...” “Skills are now being issued...” Lin Ran, a newly hired police officer, awakened the System during a raid on a foot massage parlor. From then on, solving major cases became as easy as eating and drinking. Criminals of every stripe trembled at the mere mention of his name... 3.1kReads8.3Score34914d adds
- 174 Nineties Case Files 九零大案录 A collection of true crime cases from 1990s criminal investigations. With no advanced technology to rely on, veteran detectives investigate on foot, create composite sketches by hand, and examine crime scenes for clues as they confront one shocking case after another. The collection features classic major cases, including carjacking sprees, street robberies, and rural massacres. Watch the officers painstakingly piece together clues and coordinate across jurisdictions, taking on ruthless criminal 5Reads7.8Score—14d adds
- 175 Reborn Detective: A Dog from the Start 重生刑警，开局一条狗 Solving Cases + Cute Pets + No CP (No Male-Female Romance) After being reborn as a criminal investigator in a police detachment, he teams up with a police dog and his colleagues to solve one major case after another... 5.1kReads7.8Score52914d adds
- 176 The Guilty Old Man's Notes 罪翁停记 The Radio Butcher, a ghost killing students on campus, a livestreaming influencer’s death, a deadly ice cream, a star player’s demise… Behind these baffling cases often lies the unknown side of human nature. Watch as police detective Yan Da painstakingly pieces together the clues and brings everything to light. His name is Yan Da. He was born on November 11, 1983, into a family of police officers, but somehow kicked himself right out of the criminal investigation team and into a local police sta 5.7kReads9.1Score54314d adds
- 177 Police Detective Dao Feng 刑警刀锋 Are you coming back to the station with me, or should I take you to the hospital? What? You're an adult, and you want both? That's a rather strange request... All right, I'll make it happen! A “famous quote” from elite detective Dao Feng. PS: This isn't simply a crime-solving story. It offers a panoramic portrayal of how public security bureaus handled cases in the 1990s. 3.9kReads9.3Score38614d adds
- 178 Livestreaming Carpet Cleaning: Surely Filing a Report with the Police Is Reasonable 直播洗地毯，警局备案很合理吧 Deep in debt, Chen Feng just wants to turn his life around by livestreaming carpet cleaning and become a top-tier star in the stress-relief category. But after he gets bound to a useless System, the things he cleans become increasingly “criminal.” An old rug that looks ordinary reveals a bloody human-shaped imprint from an unsolved murder case over a decade ago... A Persian rug with an exquisite pattern has its paint removed, exposing evidence in a case involving the smuggling of strategic suppl 206Reads7.4Score—14d adds
- 179 My Left Eye Rewinds Time, My Right Eye Judges: From the Start, White Hair Rules Forensics 左眼回溯右眼审：开局白发镇刑侦 [Criminal Investigation] [Face-Slapping] [Revenge] [Urban Fantasy] [Episodic Cases + Main Story] I awakened an eye that burns through my lifespan. My hair turned white overnight, but I could see the past and judge the guilty. With my left hand, I turn back time. With my right, I command hell. When I used the little life I had left to gaze at the mastermind smiling at a charity gala, the entire Yunding Group began to tremble. 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 180 Criminal Investigation: Hunting Down Killers in Major Cases 刑侦之重案缉凶 A series of major criminal cases rocks Cangzhou City, leaving people in a state of panic. In response to the emergency, a major crimes unit is formed, made up of team leader Su Jie, forensic examiner Qin Chuan, special agent Fang Mu, veteran detective Li Jun, and psychologist Yuan Jing. With the situation growing dire and public pressure mounting, watch the five work together to solve cases and restore fairness and order to society. 39Reads—Score—14d adds
- 181 You Were Told to Play a Cop, but You Actually Arrested a Wanted Criminal 让你演警察，你真抓通缉犯 Ye Chen transmigrates to a parallel world and becomes a pretty-boy celebrity, mocked online as a show-off singer and dancer and the king of awkward silences on variety shows. Netizens: Go act in dramas. The bar for acting is low. Just as everyone is mocking him, Ye Chen unexpectedly awakens the [Role Experience] System! Whatever role he plays, he gains that character’s skills. He plays a police officer, memorizes the wanted criminal’s features, and arrests an A-list fugitive right on set! He pla 90Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 182 You Were Supposed to Be a Cop, but You Arrested the Chief 让你当警察，把局长抓进去了 [All-Round Detective]+ [Fast-Paced Case Solving]+ [Rapid Promotions]+ [Catching Traitors]+ [Some Comedy]+ [Tentatively No Heroine] (A wish-fulfillment story. Fans of traditional police procedurals, please look elsewhere. Thanks.) Gao Yang, a special forces soldier, transmigrates to a parallel world and becomes a graduate of the police academy's criminal investigation program. Despite ranking first in the overall assessment, he is assigned to a police station in a remote area. So he can't become 872Reads8.3Score10714d adds
- 183 Reborn in 1998: I Can Replay Crime Scene Footage 重生98：我能回放案发录像 107Reads—Score314d adds
- 184 Fresh Out of Police Academy, I Crack Cases Like Crazy and Refuse to Be a Rookie 警校刚毕业，疯狂破案，不当新人 [The System plays a minor role + One Heroine + Brainy, with a focus on deduction and solving cases. Not for readers who dislike that.] Han Xu accidentally transmigrated to a parallel world while driving, becoming a rookie police officer and activating the Detective Development System. He made a great haul! On his very first day on the job, he cracked a major case and shocked the task force! Then one bizarre and mysterious case after another followed! The Snow Mountain Case, the Lighthouse Case… 24.9kReads8.8Score2.3k14d adds
- 185 The Reborn Detective: Who Uses a Golden Finger to Solve Cases? 神探重生：谁破案用金手指啊 My new work is out! You can read it on Tomato Novel. I hope you’ll enjoy it. Your support motivates me to write, and I’ll do my best to tell every story well! 1.7kReads8.7Score21814d adds
- 186 The Crime Investigation Unit 罪案调查组 Seven years ago, a serial murder case known as the “Campus Poet” killings shocked the entire city. After murdering five people, the killer vanished without a trace. Detective Captain Chen Guodong was caught in an explosion while pursuing the killer, leaving him gravely injured and with amnesia. A legend of the police force had fallen. Seven years later, a body is found in a ritualistic style identical to the old murders. The bloody poem at the scene points unmistakably to Chen Guodong's sealed c 89Reads—Score—14d adds
- 187 My Girlfriend Starts at the Police Station, So I Deliver Criminals to Her Every Day! 女友警局入职，我天天送罪犯！ Standing at the foot of the mountain, he gazed up at its mist-shrouded peak, an indescribable longing welling up within him. Born with the ancient Xuantian bloodline, he had been gifted with extraordinary talent from a young age. But after his family was wiped out and his parents were brutally killed, he had no choice but to conceal his identity and cultivate in seclusion for ten years. Today, at last, he had set foot on the path of cultivation at Phoenix Mountain. 114Reads6.9Score—14d adds
- 188 A Double Murder in an Aristocratic Estate 高门私宅双杀命案 This is a true tragedy that took place in Cixi County, Zhejiang Province, during the Jiaqing era of the Qing dynasty. After a heavy rain, a father and son who had gone up the mountain to gather herbs discovered a woman's body on the hillside behind the Chen residence. The victim was identified as Chen A Mao, the eldest daughter of the Chen family. Chen Yongjin, head of the Chen family, claimed that his granddaughter A Mao had been having an affair with their servant Gao Hongtong, and that in a —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 189 The Cold Case Reopens 迷案重启 [Criminal Investigation and Deduction] [Unraveling the Clues to Dispel Layer Upon Layer of Mystery] The Rainy-Night Predator Case The Flower Shop Owner’s Lover The Death of a Streamer A Captive in the Cellar… Murder after murder… Deputy Captain Lin Yi leads his team in solving one bizarre case after another. Who could have guessed that in the end, he would uncover the mystery of his own origins! 80Reads7.3Score10814d adds
- 190 First-Class Merits Keep Coming, Leaving Director Qi Green with Envy 一等功排队送，祁厅羡慕坏了 Lin Xian earned a first-class merit award after taking a bullet in the abdomen while fighting criminals. But after he confessed his feelings to a policewoman, he was framed and demoted to the traffic police division. To support himself, Lin Xian had no choice but to take odd jobs after work. Who knew he'd end up with a System that delivered first-class merit awards right to his doorstep for every side job? On his first day, he worked as a rideshare driver, and a female passenger turned out to ha 2.8kReads8.0Score26514d adds
- 191 Xu Changsheng Investigates 许长生探案 Police Captain Xu Changsheng, known to his team as “Little Zhuge,” faces one tangled case after another. He always manages to unravel the clues, find the key evidence, and bring the criminals to justice. This book records several particularly challenging cases that showcase Xu Changsheng’s deductive skills. 11.4kReads9.0Score1.2k14d adds
- 192 I Asked You to Work Undercover, So Why Did You Turn Your Pancake Stand into a Chain? 让你当便衣，你把煎饼摊开成连锁了？ [Anti-Trope + Feel-Good Fiction + Police + Eerie Skills] Right after graduating from police academy, Chu Fan is assigned undercover duty, frying pancakes at a roadside stall. Luckily, he awakens the Strongest Police System! As long as he catches criminals and solves cases, he can earn points for lottery draws! Chu Fan thinks he’s got this in the bag! But the skills he wins leave him utterly dumbfounded. [Ding! Congratulations, Host, you’ve obtained god-tier pancake-making skills!] [Ding! Congrat 657Reads8.3Score10314d adds
- 193 National Security Bureau 8: My Aunt Is the Queen of Arms 国安第八局：我的小姨是军火女王 That day, Xiao Yao met an aunt who had a split personality. That same day, he activated the 'Spy King System'… … Flirty Aunt: Sweetie, want to play a game with me? Xiao Yao: Auntie, please behave yourself. Goddess Aunt: Come here. Kneel down. I need to ask you a favor. Xiao Yao: I can kneel, but don't slap me in the face. What's it like having an aunt with a split personality? It's intense. Damn, it's really intense. Xiao Yao: I swear on my virtue, I don't have any weird perversions… Auntie, 540Reads9.5Score10414d adds
- 194 All the Criminals Are Psychopaths, and You Want Me to Solve Cases with My Portraits? 罪犯全是变态，找我画像师破案？ [Crime + Case Solving + All-Rounder + Urban + Criminal Investigation] Before Jiang Chen had even graduated, the police invited him to help investigate cold cases. On his first day on the force, Jiang Chen used his astonishing powers of observation to expose the cover-up behind a major corpse-concealment case. Then one bizarre case after another came his way: dismemberment, multiple personality disorder, the madness of patients with delusions... In Jiang Chen's eyes, no crime is perfect. There ar 1.8kReads6.9Score16514d adds
- 195 They Said Being a Traffic Cop Was Useless, but I Awakened a Daily Intelligence System 嫌我交警没用，可我觉醒每日情报 Deep devotion goes unappreciated, while the halfhearted are always remembered. Gao Ze thought that giving his girlfriend everything and offering her his sincere love would lead to a happy ending. Instead, she looked down on him for being a useless traffic cop and for offering too little in bride price, then forced him into a breakup. After the breakup, Gao Ze was lucky enough to awaken the Daily Intelligence System. [1. Your girlfriend, Liu Yating, has passed the Donghai City Finance Bureau exam 13.9kReads8.4Score1.5k14d adds
- 196 Newtown Homicide 新城追凶 In a lively new coastal city, all kinds of bizarre crimes occur amid seemingly ordinary lives. The officers of the Special Investigations Unit rely on their solid professional skills and their determination to solve every major case, sifting through clues until they identify the real culprit. Adapted from a popular, large-scale crime investigation radio drama of the same name, this novel features gripping plots and vivid prose, offering readers an immersive experience that makes them feel as if 495Reads7.7Score4914d adds
- 197 My Memories Are False Evidence 我的记忆是伪证 Six years ago, an old cold-storage warehouse case was hastily sealed away. Six years later, at what looks like an ordinary murder scene in the southern part of Wangjiang City, Zhang Limin spots several things that shouldn’t be there: crates of suspicious frozen goods, discarded receipt stubs bearing the names of major corporations, and a memory he has never experienced, yet somehow seems to remember firsthand. Zhang Limin is no genius, and he has no powerful connections. He is simply more famili 21Reads—Score—14d adds
- 198 I Can Dream of Crime Scenes 我能梦到凶案现场 Coming next: My Home Is the Scene of the First Murder, now updating~~~ I hope you’ll show it lots of support~~~ Thank you, thank you, thank you [Alternate setting + Fictional + Episodic stories + Everyday life + Clean romance + Two female leads (not a GL romance) + Each has her own love story + Heartwarming + Healing + A touch of an ensemble cast] Cheng Qingyan has a secret she can’t tell anyone. After turning twenty, she begins having bizarre dreams. Every scene in her dreams is the place 849Reads7.3Score10014d adds
- 199 Testimony of Memory 记忆证言 Memory Testimony follows Lin Shouxi, a medium who can read the “marks of death” left on personal effects and use them to solve cold cases. Together with Su Rui, a brilliant scientist, and Chen Tao, a hacker, he forms a special team and infiltrates the black market in memories to take on the multinational organization known as the Archive, which seeks to collect and sell human memories. Each case is a forgotten life, and every time he touches a memory, his own begins to fade. When the truth behin 4Reads—Score214d adds
- 200 Criminal Psychology: The Mind-Reading Detective 罪案心理：读心神探 Also known as The Mind-Reading Detective. Chen Luo is an expert in criminal psychology and body language. After graduating from the academy, he became a consultant for the criminal investigation department. To ordinary people, the motives behind serial murders seem bizarre, twisted, and impossible to fathom. To Chen Luo, they’re clear as day, and the hidden killer is exposed in an instant. The lies and secrets people try so hard to conceal cannot escape Chen Luo’s notice. He sees straight throug 2.4kReads8.7Score22114d adds
