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Germany is the second country to achieve urbanization after the United Kingdom. Due to its unique industrialization development path, its urbanization development model is also unique. This book systematically sorts out the development process of urbanization in modern Germany using David Northam's phased rules of urbanization as a starting point. The book examines the development model of urbanization in modern Germany from the aspects of urban population growth, changes in spatial structure, transformation of industrial structure, and the development dynamics of urbanization. On this basis, it summarizes the characteristics of German urbanization and can provide some useful inspiration for my country's current urbanization development. Influenced by the Rhine industrialization development model and Germany's special national conditions, German urbanization not only presents an imbalance between the priority growth of large cities and regional development, but also forms a "decentralized urban pattern", thus forming a special urbanization path. The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization also became important factors in Germany's strong rise in the late 19th century.

As the agency responsible for the European Recovery Plan, the Economic Cooperation Agency played a unique role in promoting the reconstruction of Western Europe in the early post-World War II period. The Economic Cooperation Agency has a set of independent and relatively complete organizational systems that widely attract people from business, labor and other interest groups, thus establishing an ideal platform for civil society organizations, experts with rich experience and government officials to jointly solve various complex problems in the implementation of the European Renaissance Plan. The Economic Cooperation Agency played an important role in the implementation of the European Renaissance Plan, enabling the U. S. Government and interest groups to basically realize the original intentions of formulating the European Renaissance Plan, including promoting the economic recovery of Western Europe, curbing the expansion of communism in Western Europe, and promoting free trade. However, the Economic Cooperation Agency has unilaterally exaggerated the demonstration role of the American model and ignored Europe's complex political, economic and cultural conditions. It is actually intervening and designing the path of European modernization in accordance with the will of the United States. While many Western European countries introduced American production and management methods, they also selectively resisted and transformed American culture, including American corporate production methods. The Economic Cooperation Agency's vision of extending the U. S. Development model to other parts of the world is unlikely to be realized.

"A Minimalist History of Science: 2,500 Years of Human Exploration of the World and Self" is a new overview of 2,500 years of human exploration of the world and self. Where do we come from? What is the world made of? What else is beyond the earth? We look up at the stars and relentlessly explore, discover, question, and unravel a series of mysteries about nature and ourselves. We originate from nature, but we transcend nature. On this dangerous planet, compared to other species, human beings can develop and grow in an orderly manner, and the most important thing is because we have mastered the power of science. But to truly understand science, we must understand its past. "Minimalist History of Science" is also a "history of science that is very different from tradition." From the early scientific exploration of mankind to the proposal of the Big Bang theory in the 20th century, from the origin of science in the ancient Greek era to the birth of modern science in the 16th and 17th centuries, from the rise of earth science, the prosperity of life science to the exploration of the universe... This book returns to those scientific classics that changed the way we view the world, the universe and ourselves, and fascinatingly tells the great process of the change of scientific concepts and the development of ideas. From Hippocrates, Plato and Aristotle to Einstein, Schrödinger and Dawkins, these great minds who expanded the boundaries of human knowledge not only changed the trajectory of scientific development, but also contributed to revolutions in human vision and ways of thinking. This book reminds us that science is not an absolutely reliable guide to the truth, but our understanding of the world, a way of understanding the world, and a purely human pursuit. The greatest value of human beings is the never-ending exploration of the unknown world. The story of science is one of the most interesting stories in human history. Everyone who has ever been curious about the world should read this book to understand this extraordinary history.

"Student Edition Historical Classic Illustrated Reader: General History of the World (Set of Volumes 1 and 2)" tells the story from the prehistoric period 3 million years ago to the 21st century, recording the changes in various parts of the world. "Student Edition Historical Classic Illustrated Reader: General History of the World (Set of Volumes 1 and 2)" takes time as the line, major historical events and important historical figures as points, and is divided into ancient parts, modern parts, and modern parts. It unfolds in the form of wonderful and vivid short stories, showing the changes in dynasties, social development, and civilization changes in various places. At the same time, the book is also equipped with more than 200 hand-drawn illustrations by famous artists, which are lively and vivid, helping readers better learn world history.

The American Revolution was a strange revolution. It has no direct cause of oppression, and the reasons for its outbreak are complex but rational. Why couldn't the British rulers at the time save their country? Why did the colonies eventually choose independence? What exactly is "new" about America? It is the United States, this "new type of country", that has solved the problem of how the people of a large country can introduce democracy without being divided or divided again by democracy. The book describes the political deliberations between Britain and the United States before the American Revolutionary War, and points out that the American Revolutionary War was actually a civil war in the British Empire, and the result of the civil war was the split of the British Empire. The author comprehensively demonstrates the uniqueness of the American Revolution to readers by analyzing the governance structure of the North American colonies and the crisis caused by the British Empire's imperial reform movement after the Seven Years' War.

This is a "history told through travelers' stories". It is divided into two parts. The first part revolves around the author's life experience in a small town in the Nile Delta in the years before and after writing his doctoral thesis. In the second part, he uses ancient Cairo documents to take readers to a small village in Egypt in the 12th century, constructing a novelized history based on the life of a Jewish merchant and his slaves. Ghosh transcends eras and genres to show how medieval mores intertwined with the desires and dissatisfactions of the twentieth century. The book contains both original conversation records and the author's academic research. It is a synthesis of historical narrative, fieldwork and travel notes. It is also a history full of emotions and prejudices between Egypt and India. The style is unique and fascinating. This book is based on the author's social and historical research, combined with the author's intellectual background and anthropological concerns, without losing the delicate literary description, with a broad vision and rich originality.

Official history background, novel style. Focus on the overall situation and restore the truth. Assassinations in world history focus on historical moments, and use a general overview to explain how assassinations affect the historical process. Restore the assassination scene with precious historical photos to give readers a clearer reading experience. Lincoln - the presidential bodyguard is unreliable; Gandhi - if you don't use violence, I will use violence; Caesar, Marat, Ito Hirobumi, Archduke Ferdinand...

This book tells the origins of the American Revolution from a new perspective. The author carefully researches primary sources from the United Kingdom and the United States. It reproduces the sharp conflicts between the British authorities and the North American expatriates in the three years before the outbreak of the American Revolution in a fair tone (1772-1775). It also analyzes the roles played by well-known figures in British politics and economics, such as Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, and Thomas Hutchinson, during this period.

This book is a historical work that depicts the "history of World War I" from a new perspective. Different from traditional "History of World War I" works that mostly focus on military progress on the battlefield, this book places more ink outside the battlefield, mainly reproducing the social status quo of various countries before and after the outbreak of the war, the conflicts between countries, the reactions of ordinary people in various countries facing the war, the media reports at the time, and the far-reaching impact of this war on the participating countries. The book involves many famous historical figures, including Hitler who was just a messenger at the time, de Gaulle who was captured in the Battle of Verdun, French writer Gide who later won the Nobel Prize for Literature, Georges Clemenceau, the then French Prime Minister, etc. How did they perform during the First World War? This book contains comprehensive disclosures.

The author details the fall of Poland, the battle conditions on the French front, and the ravages of the Nordic countries. In addition, as the British Lord of the Admiralty at the time, the author keenly observed the importance of naval warfare in the upcoming war. Therefore, relevant equipment and personnel were carefully prepared in advance, and he also specifically mentioned the importance of magnetic mines in naval warfare. The author gives a thorough description of the haze that permeated Europe due to Nazi Germany's "tyranny" in the early days of the war, allowing readers to immerse themselves in the real scene of the "dark and unclear war".

Brunei is located in the northwest of Kalimantan Island and has been ruled by chiefs since ancient times. The Sultanate was established in the 15th century and reached its peak in the 16th century. It became a British "protectorate" in 1888 and gained complete independence in 1984. After the discovery of oil in 1929, Brunei's economy underwent tremendous changes. Brunei's beautiful and pristine scenery, spotless streets, beautifully designed houses, and humble and courteous people are all impressive. It can be described as a "peaceful country" like a "paradise". With rich and detailed information, this book comprehensively and systematically introduces the development and current situation of Brunei's politics, history, economy, society, culture and diplomacy.

Romania, located in the northeastern Balkans, is known as the "corner of paradise". The Carpathian Mountains, Danube River and Black Sea give her diverse scenery. Its inextricable connection with the Romans demonstrates the noble ancestry that Romanians are proud of. Romania has generally gone through the processes of feudalization, de-Ottomanization, socialization, and Europeanization, and now seeks modernization under the Euro-Atlantic integration structure. Romania and China have a profound traditional friendship, and the "Belt and Road" construction and the "16+1 Cooperation" mechanism have injected new impetus into the development of bilateral relations. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Romania's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

Iceland is known as the "Land of Ice and Fire" because its underground is filled with hot magma and there are vast ice fields on the ground. And because it is located in a corner of the Atlantic Ocean and close to the Arctic Circle, it has received little attention from the world and is jokingly called "the place forgotten by God." Despite this, this sparsely populated island country has many world firsts, such as the creation of the oldest democratically elected parliament in Europe and the world. Its per capita freshwater resources, hydropower and geothermal resource usage ratios are among the highest in the world. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Iceland's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

Türkiye is located at the junction of Europe and Asia and is the center of the intersection and collision of Eurasian civilizations. Türkiye has a long history and diverse cultures. Turkic culture, Arab-Islamic culture, Western culture, etc. Blend here, and many religions such as Islam, Christianity, and Judaism meet here. In the process of democratization and globalization, Türkiye faces the huge tension between "tradition" and "modernity" and actively explores the identification of cultural identity and the path of social development. With rich and detailed information, this book comprehensively and systematically introduces the development and current situation of Turkey's politics, history, economy, science, education, ethnicity and religion.

Singapore, also known as the "Lion City", is an island country in Southeast Asia. Since independence, Singapore has relied on the spirit of "crossing the river by feeling for the stones" to develop into one of the richest countries in the world. Its economic model is called "state capitalism"; it is also known for its stable political situation and clean and efficient government; its unique political and social development model is called the "Singapore Model"; and it is known as the "Garden City" for its neat city appearance and ubiquitous green trees and flowers. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces Singapore's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

Vanuatu is a Y-shaped archipelago country in the South Pacific. It is the birthplace of bungee jumping and the most unique tourist destination among Pacific island countries. It was once a joint trusteeship of Britain and France. It gained independence in 1980. In 2006, it topped the "Happiness Index" rankings of the British New Economics Foundation, becoming the "happiest country" in the world. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Vanuatu's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy, fills the research gap in the academic community, and provides an important reference for people to understand the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu.

Nepal, the alpine kingdom, is our friendly neighbor and is known as the "Switzerland of the East". Eight of the world's ten famous peaks are located in Nepal or on its borders with neighboring countries. Although Nepal is small in size, it is rich in water conservancy resources, animal and plant resources, and has a long history and splendid culture. The unique climate and natural conditions nurture more than 20 million hard-working, brave, simple and kind-hearted people. This book will give readers a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of Nepal.

Germany, located in central Europe, is a "country of poets and thinkers" and is also a major economic and technological power in the world today. Its post-war "economic miracle" has attracted the world's attention, and its overcoming resistance to achieve national reunification has made the world deeply aware of the wisdom of the German nation. By opening this book, readers will get closer to Germany and gain a comprehensive understanding of Germany.

Israel is an "old" yet "young" and legendary country. Here is the Jewish nation that contributed a Bible; here is Jerusalem, the holy land common to the three major monotheistic religions; here is highly developed democratic politics, modern agriculture, industry, military industry and high-tech industries; here is the most acute ethnic contradiction and conflict in the world today... The British Jewish thinker Isaiah Berlin lamented that here "there is too much history, but not enough land." This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Israel's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

The Republic of Moldova is referred to as "Moldova" for short. Although it is a small European country, it is quite unique. It seeks to survive and develop among big and powerful countries, maintain the national spirit and inherit the national culture. Moldova has "clear weather and peaceful scenery". It is a place where people are intoxicated by its fine grape wine and a place where the wind is clear and the moon is white, and it is quiet. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to Moldova from all aspects of geography, history, politics, economy, military, society, culture, and diplomacy. We hope that through this book, Chinese people will understand Moldova, pay attention to Moldova, get closer to Moldova, and discover the unknown beauty of this small European country.

The Republic of Fiji, referred to as "Fiji", is located in the southwest Pacific and has the reputation of "a country of many islands" and "an island country on the meridian". Fiji has a long history and cultural tradition. It is not only a transportation hub in the South Pacific, but also the location of the main campus of the University of the South Pacific. Fiji's economy is dominated by agriculture, with sugar industry and tourism being the two pillars of the national economy. The long history, leisurely life, and typical tropical style are organically integrated into today's Fiji. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to Fiji from all aspects of geography, history, politics, economy, military, society, culture, and diplomacy.

The United States is the world's most powerful country, the leader of the developed Western economies, an important leader of multiple regional economic and trade cooperation organizations, and the main setter of modern and contemporary world governance rules. The United States is also China's largest trading partner and main economic competitor, and is the largest external variable in China's peaceful development. In bilateral and multilateral fields, the United States will still have far-reaching and huge influence on China now and for a long time to come. A thorough understanding of the United States is still an important international assignment for China today. With rich information, comprehensive discussion, and popular writing, this book provides readers with a new key to understanding the United States.

Guinea is located on the west coast of West Africa. It has many plateaus and mountains. It is the birthplace of many rivers in West Africa. It is known as the "Water Tower of West Africa" ​​and is also known as a "geological miracle". In history, Guinea has a heroic epic of armed resistance to French invasion, and was the first country in French Africa to declare independence. Guinea is the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to establish diplomatic relations with China. Currently, the friendly cooperative relations between the two countries are developing actively and steadily. With rich and detailed information, this book comprehensively and systematically introduces the development and current situation of Guinea's politics, history, economy, science, education, ethnicity and religion.

The Kingdom of Cambodia, referred to as Cambodia, is located in the southern part of the Indochina Peninsula. It is an ancient civilization in Southeast Asia with a long history. It owns the Angkor monument, a common treasure of human history and culture. Cambodia has been under colonial rule for nearly a hundred years, and has experienced wars and turmoil since independence. After the signing of the Paris Peace Agreement in 1993, Cambodia truly embarked on a path of development of peace, independence, and neutrality. In recent years, Cambodia's political development has been relatively stable and its economy has maintained a high growth rate, giving this ancient civilization a new charm.

Bahrain is known as the "Bride of the Gulf" and "Pearl of the Persian Gulf". It is one of the smallest and most densely populated countries in the Arab world. Bahrain, which is in the midst of exchanges between Eastern and Western civilizations, occupies an important historical position in the Middle East. Its unique and novel geographical, economic and cultural charm has attracted generations of scholars to use their vigorous perspectives, fiery emotions and poetic brushstrokes to outline a vivid and colorful picture of Bahrain, which is ancient and young, traditional and modern, close to the desert and facing the sea.

New Zealand is the second largest country in Oceania. It is a multi-ethnic country composed mainly of European immigrants and indigenous Maori people, showing a colorful and diverse population. Since gaining independence from British colonial rule in the early 1930s, the economy has made great progress, the society has continued to progress, and it has now entered the ranks of developed countries. In recent years, the political, economic and cultural exchanges between my country and New Zealand have developed rapidly, and people urgently need to understand the history, current situation, customs and customs of this country. This book provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to New Zealand. This is the revised second edition.

Sea water, blue sky, rocks, beaches, palm trees, luxury hotels near the sea, castle-like maritime fortresses, Baroque knight palaces, small islands where European knights gathered together, the footprints of our ancestors, and the footsteps of Christ's apostles. This is Malta - a holiday paradise on the Mediterranean. This book is a Malta travel guide tailored for Chinese people. The author has experienced the local area personally and has first-hand rich materials. It covers all kinds of information on nature, history, culture, economy, customs and festivals, food, accommodation, entertainment, shopping, transportation and communications. It is an excellent companion for you to travel to Malta.

Uzbekistan is an ancient Central Asian civilization on the ancient Silk Road and has a long history of exchanges with China. Uzbekistan is rich in gold, cotton, oil and natural gas (known as the country of four golds: yellow, white, Uzbek and blue). This book comprehensively displays the historical changes and current features of this country that not only preserves ancient culture but is also willing to accept modern civilization. China-Uzbekistan relations have developed rapidly, and cooperation in energy, economy and trade has continued. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces Uzbekistan's political, historical, economic, social, cultural, and diplomatic situations.

The Republic of Maldives is an island country with a long history in the Indian Ocean, with many islands and a small land area. The Maldives is known as the "Garland Islands" and "Island of Palaces". It has beautiful scenery and charming scenery. It is one of the ideal tourist destinations in the world. Tourism and fishing are the pillar industries of the Maldives economy. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to the Maldives from various aspects such as geography, history, politics, economy, military, culture, and diplomacy.

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam, referred to as "Vietnam", is located in the eastern part of the Indochina Peninsula and is a neighbor with long-standing relations with China. The long and narrow land 3\u002F4 is composed of mountains and plateaus. The Red River and Mekong River basins are densely populated and have developed agriculture. After the unification of Vietnam in 1976, especially after the implementation of economic reforms in 1986, Vietnam's society and economy have made great progress after going through vicissitudes of life. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to Vietnam from various aspects such as geography, history, politics, economy, military, culture, and diplomacy.

The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is located in the northern part of South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea to the north. It has beautiful scenery and unique scenery. It is one of the countries with the most diverse and complex ecological environment in the world, and is known as the "Land of Waterfalls". Originally an Indian settlement, it became a Spanish colony in the mid-16th century and became independent in 1811. It is the "cradle of the Latin American Revolution." Venezuela is a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and one of the world's major oil producers, playing an increasing role in international oil affairs. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to Venezuela from all aspects of geography, history, politics, economy, military, culture, and diplomacy.

Kuwait is a small desert country located in the northeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula. The Gulf War once made it the focus of media attention from various countries. It has extremely rich oil reserves. In the past quarter of a century, it has created a "desert miracle" that has amazed the world. Its per capita GDP ranks among the top in the world. It is a welfare state with strong wealth. This book is a work that comprehensively introduces the national conditions of Kuwait. It not only covers the history, politics, economy, culture and other aspects, but also covers its science and technology, culture, military, diplomacy and China-Kuwait relations. It fills the publishing gap of panoramic introduction to all aspects of Kuwait.

Australia is known as the "Pearl of the Southern Hemisphere". It has developed from an immigrant colony into a developed capitalist country. It is the largest island country with pastures and rich mining resources. It is a major Australian country with great influence in the Asia-Pacific region, the Commonwealth and even the international community. It is also a multicultural country created by Australian Aboriginals, white immigrants and Asian ethnic groups. It is also a magical land with unique natural landscapes and rare flora and fauna. This book comprehensively displays Australia's national conditions and its natural and humanistic features to readers. This is the revised third edition.

The United Arab Emirates, located on the southern coast of the eastern Gulf of the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia, is a federal union of seven emirates in the coastal and inland areas. It is the only country in the world today that participates in the United Nations and other international organizations under the name of an emirate. The United Arab Emirates is a small country with a small population, but it has a long history of civilization and is an oil-rich country. Since its independence in the early 1970s, China has experienced rapid economic development and achieved world-renowned achievements. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to the United Arab Emirates from various aspects including geography, history, politics, economy, military, culture, and diplomacy.

The French Republic, referred to as "France" or "France", is located in the west of the European continent and is the second largest country in the European continent after Russia. France has a long historical and cultural tradition and is one of the birthplaces of modern Western civilization. A long history, modern civilization, and romantic feelings are organically integrated into France today.

Uganda is a landlocked country in eastern Africa, close to the center of the African continent and is known as the "Heart of Africa". Due to the superior natural conditions, primitive people lived in it in ancient times. A few hundred years ago, a large number of foreign ethnic groups moved in, bringing agriculture and animal husbandry. A centralized kingdom emerged in the 13th and 14th centuries AD, and became a British colony at the end of the 19th century. It gained independence from British colonial rule in 1962. This book introduces Uganda's geography, history, politics, economy, culture, military, diplomacy, etc. With detailed information, providing a window of knowledge for readers to understand Uganda.

Mozambique, the full name of the Republic of Mozambique, believes that "the light is coming". It is located in southeastern Africa, bordering Tanzania to the north, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe to the west, South Africa and Swaziland to the south, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Madagascar across the Mozambique Strait. The territory covers an area of ​​approximately 800,000 square kilometers and the population is approximately 16 million (1997). There are more than 60 tribes in the country, and the vast majority belong to the Bantu language family. The official language is Portuguese. The terrain of the whole country is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The northwest is a plateau and mountainous area, the central part is a platform, and the southeastern coast is one of the largest plains in Africa. It has a savanna climate with an average annual temperature of 20°C. The annual precipitation decreases from 1000 mm in the north to 750 mm in the south. The main mineral deposits include coal, iron, copper, gold, etc. It is rich in water conservancy and fishery resources, and is rich in shrimps and shellfish. Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and 80% of people are employed in the agricultural sector. The main crops include rice, corn, cashew nuts, cotton, etc. The industry is mainly agricultural and forestry product processing industry. Economic development is lagging behind and it is one of the least developed countries. Portugal invaded in 1505, became a Portuguese protectorate in 1700, became independent in June 1975, and established diplomatic relations with my country in the same month.

Only by understanding the castle can you understand the real Europe. The castles in Western Europe are romantic and magnificent, the castles in Eastern Europe are legendary, the castles in Central Europe are full of fairy tale atmosphere, the castles in Northern Europe are simple and steady, and the castles in Southern Europe have unique styles. The castle embodies Europe's past and present, romance and legend. This is a war-torn fortress, here is where knights come and go, here is a secret garden where romance and conspiracy coexist, here are legends that exist in reality, here are the legends of dragons, vampires and princesses. People live for it, fight for it, and die for it. Everything has already started and everything is calm. Open this book and take a journey through time, walk into the castle, and enter the deepest mysterious depths of European culture.

Known as the "Island of Love", "Island of Saints" and "Island of Copper", the small country of Cyprus has a history that is disproportionate to its region. It has experienced successive occupations by the Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Alexander the Great, the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt, the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, Richard the Lionheart, the French, Venetians, the Ottoman Empire and British colonial rule. Shortly after independence in 1960, conflicts between the Greek and Turkish communities resumed. In 1974, Turkish armed intervention led to the division of the two communities into the north and the south. The reconciliation talks between the two communities mediated by the international community have failed to resolve, and the situation of division remains. In May 2004, the Greek-controlled Republic of Cyprus in the south unilaterally joined the EU, while the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" in the north is still recognized only by Turkey.

How one politician, Hitler, and one nation, the Germans, could completely change the face of an entire continent remains a mystery, but Germany's power is actually more limited than is generally recognized. Take the Jews as an example. Without the enthusiastic cooperation of many non-German Europeans, the Nazis would not have been able to achieve the final level of purges. On the contrary, without the resistance of many non-German Europeans, the survival of so many Jews would be unimaginable. Regarding the German Nazis, during World War II in Europe, national governments, local institutions, and individuals from different social classes all chose passive compliance, active cooperation, or resistance at different times. In this book, acclaimed historian Istvan Dick explores cooperation, resistance, and revenge during the Second World War. The author examines these three themes through the experiences of countries and peoples under German occupation and under Soviet, Italian, and other military rule. They faced many moral and ethical dilemmas. Should they cooperate with the occupiers, remain neutral in the war and survive, or risk their lives as resisters? Most people chose all three scenarios based on the different circumstances of the war at different times. The author discusses the purge of actual or suspected war criminals and wartime collaborators in the aftermath of the brutal war, primarily through a variety of violence, deportations, and judicial trials before the Nuremberg International Tribunal and numerous other local tribunals. This book is intended to help us understand the moral causes and consequences of wartime and postwar times.

"Making Peace: The 1919 Paris Peace Conference and the Post-War World It Opened (Great Power Diplomacy Trilogy)" returns to the diplomatic scene of the 20th century and witnesses the struggle of great powers that gave birth to a new order in the century of war. Oxford University professor and Johnson Prize winner vividly relives the Paris Peace Conference and looks at the sketches of today's world drawn by heads of state a century ago. An earth-shaking war, an unprecedented peace effort, a war that ended war, a peace that ended peace. International relations historian Margaret Macmillan uses a novelistic style and relies on massive documents to present the true history of the Paris Peace Conference. Macmillan uses rich details and poignant writing to show us a group portrait of the peacemakers, vividly expressing their personalities, ideals and prejudices, and is not merciless to her great-grandfather Lloyd George. She told us that the Paris Peace Conference was not only the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations that were criticized by the world, but the outbreak of World War II in 1939 should not be attributed to them either. However, the participants are not exempt from the blame for their poor decision-making. They originally wanted to create peace, but instead planted the seeds for larger-scale wars and more conflicts.

Joachim Feist, the author of "The Last Fourteen Days of the Third Reich", is a German historian and a respected authority on Nazi Germany. He is known as a person who "knows Hitler better than Hitler himself." After collecting, combing, and screening a large number of historical materials (including many brand-new first-hand materials), Feist describes what happened in the last 14 days of Hitler and his Third Reich's demise after they were besieged by the Soviet Red Army in 1945. In a way that is close to the psychology of historical figures, he presents the war situation, the last resistance of the Nazis, the apocalyptic life in the underground bomb shelter of the Reich Chancellery, the wedding of Hitler and Eva Braun, and the process of how both of them committed suicide in the end. In addition to the four narrative chapters, four reflective chapters are also used to discuss how "a country in an extreme state" was involved in the whirlpool of history. The last 14 days of the Third Reich were also the last 14 days of Hitler. Through these 14 days, the causes and consequences of the entire World War II are refracted and revealed, making this book a classic masterpiece.

This book is the third part of Harlan's "Celebrity Series" historical biographies. It goes from ancient Rome to modern times. It is a historical book for American primary school students. As an educator and historian, the biographies of historical celebrities written by Harlan are standard reading materials for primary school curriculum in the United States. They are very popular among primary school students and well received by parents and professionals.

This book is the first part of Harlan's "Celebrity Series" historical biographies. It is a historical book written for American primary school students. As an educator and historian, the biographies of historical celebrities written by him are standard reading materials for American primary school curriculum. They are very popular among primary school students and well received by parents and professionals.

This book is the second part of Harlan's "Celebrity Series" historical biographies. It begins with ancient Greece and continues with the Middle Ages. It is a historical book written for American primary school students. As an educator and historian, the biographies of historical celebrities written by Harlan are standard reading materials for primary school curriculum in the United States. They are very popular among primary school students and well received by parents and professionals.

This book is the last part of Harlan's "Celebrity Series" historical biographies. It takes over the Middle Ages and is a historical book for American primary school students. As an educator and historian, the biographies of historical celebrities written by Harlan are standard reading materials for primary school curriculum in the United States. They are very popular among primary school students and well received by parents and professionals.

"A Brief History of Mankind" is one of Van Loon's representative works. The author uses images and smooth words to let readers see the history of human civilization development for thousands of years. The story begins in ancient times, then tells the origins of the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations, the brilliance of the Greek and Roman eras, and then follows the clue of the origin of religion to tell the development of medieval society... It can be said that this is a classic book that has been best-selling around the world and has provided spiritual food to many readers.

"World War Series (Volume 2): The Fall of France" tells the story of the Swedish Academy's speech in awarding the Nobel Prize for Literature to Churchill: "Churchill's speech was concise, agile, penetrating, and touching. His speech was like It seems to have the power to reshape history. ... At a critical moment when human freedom and dignity were at stake, Churchill inspired people's fighting spirit with his unique eloquence. Perhaps it was these great speeches that established him as an immortal monument."

"World War Series (Volume 2): Japan's Onslaught" describes Japan's aggression against relevant countries in Asia and the Pacific Rim in the middle of World War II, as well as the different responses of the United States and Britain to this. After long preparations, Japan launched a comprehensive war of aggression in the Asia-Pacific region, causing the United States to pay a heavy price in the Pacific battlefield and causing Britain to suffer huge losses in Southeast Asia. At that time, the world situation was entering an extremely anxious period. From China to Myanmar, from Malta to Madagascar, everyone was involved in this unpredictable melee. In addition, the book also reflects the key role China played in resisting Japanese aggression.

Brief introduction to "World War Series: Victory over Italy": From June to December 1943, the Allied forces worked together to conquer Sicily and force Mussolini to collapse, thus further tightening the encirclement of Nazi Germany. As the war situation gradually became clearer, the prototype of the post-World War II international order took shape. "World War Series: Victory over Italy" traces and reproduces the entire process of the Allies' victory over Italy, touching on the complex and subtle relationships between the United States, Britain, France and other Allied powers.