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This book contains 34 historical papers by Mr. Hong Tingyan, followed by four replies from Meng Wentong, Tan Qixiang, and Joseph Needham to Mr. Hong Tingyan. The 34 papers are arranged in order of publication time, reflecting Mr. Hong's lifelong achievements and experience in history, and are worth reading.

"Journal of Historical Theory and Historiography" is a continuous disciplinary publication sponsored by the Research Center for Historical Theory and Historiography of Beijing Normal University. As Chinese historiography has entered a period of excellent development and is moving towards the world on a larger scale and at a faster speed, the viewpoints analyzed and the questions raised by the papers collected in this book are very useful for how Chinese historiography can maintain its own characteristics and style, accurately observe and analyze the development trend of today's world historiography, and integrate into this trend. Since its establishment in 2002, one volume has been published every year. In the past few years, it has been published by our publisher and has had a great influence in the field of history. This volume is the 2012 volume, which is the 10th volume in total.

Why can some countries successfully initiate territorial expansion plans and become empires? Why do empires fall sooner or later? This is a long-standing and controversial issue in historical research. Peter Turchin applies modeling and quantitative methods to the study of the rise and fall of states. Starting from the interaction between geopolitics, sense of community, national assimilation and religious conversion, as well as population dynamics and social stability, he constructs different quantitative models to explain the expansion and decline of empires. This book provides a unique and new perspective for us to understand the rise and fall of countries and the dynamic changes of human history.

The Summer Resort is an ancient Chinese imperial palace, where emperors of the Qing Dynasty used to escape the summer heat and handle government affairs. It is located in the north of Chengde City, Hebei Province. In 1994, the Summer Resort and surrounding temples were included in the World Cultural Heritage List. This book is compiled into a volume in the form of illustrations, that is, mainly pictures, supplemented by explanatory texts. It mainly includes three parts: 1. A brief overview of the Summer Resort and the surrounding temples; 2. An introduction to the overall layout and functions of the Summer Resort by scenic area, as well as important historical facts, allusions, etc.; 3. An introduction to the history and main buildings of the royal temples. And present relevant knowledge in tabular form. The author strives to integrate landscape, architecture and historical facts, while focusing on explaining the cultural connotation of architecture. By reading this book, you can not only learn about the summer resort and surrounding temples, but also gain an understanding of traditional culture while appreciating history.

This book uses historical philology, hermeneutics and other historical and intellectual history (history of philosophy) methods to study "Spring and Autumn", "Gu Liang Zhuan" and its previous commentaries from multiple perspectives. From the pre-Qin and Han dynasties to the early years of the Republic of China, Spring and Autumn Guliang studies developed through pre-Qin exegesis, early Han immersion, Han Xuan's great rise, Eastern Han dynasty Wei Jue, Wei and Jin dynasties, the rise of Yishu studies, the Tang Dynasty's exclusive commentaries on Yang Shu, the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, the revival of Sinology in the Qing Dynasty, and the Republic of China's return to the roots and a new era. Over the course of more than 2,000 years, the Spring and Autumn Period and Guliang Studies embody the historical characteristics of "good interpretation of the Spring and Autumn Annals, and understanding of the three transmissions" and "spanning ancient and modern times, and twists and turns of evolution", highlighting the historical status of "supporting the weak and repairing the weak, returning to the roots and creating new ones", and "continuing the academic tradition, and the three transmissions share the same glory".

Yashengqian is a kind of coin used by the people to pray for good luck and ward off evil spirits. The so-called "suppression and victory" means to suppress the evil spirits and achieve victory. At present, most scholars believe that Yashengqian originated in the Han Dynasty. The author of this book, Gong Baiqing, has devoted himself to the collection and research of Yasheng Qian in the Han Dynasty for many years, and this book is a concentrated expression of his achievements. Previous research on Yashengqian in the Han Dynasty mainly focused on chronological research, authenticity identification, etc., And was a study of the ontology of numismatics; while this book treats Yashengqian as a material cultural product, examining the social concepts it carries and the cultural traditions it reflects, from a cultural perspective, and is an extension of coins. This is the main idea of ​​this book. In the Han Dynasty, winning money was the basis for the emergence and development of winning money in later generations. Understanding the cultural connotation of winning money in the Han Dynasty is of great significance to the study of winning money. Therefore, this book chooses the winning money of the Han Dynasty as the object of study, and discusses it from many aspects such as auspicious patterns and the cultural beliefs reflected in them. The combination of pictures and text reveals the spiritual connotation of winning money over money in the Han Dynasty. The round shape of the round and perforated square shape of the Yasheng Qian reflects the ancient people's idea of ​​a round sky and a square earth. On the limited body of money, the ancients cast colorful abstract patterns and textures of the universe and heaven and earth. The main part of this book is an analysis of these mysterious patterns and textures. For example, the star inscriptions on the Winning Money appear to be some messy dots at first glance, but after the author's analysis one by one, the constellations represented by each group of astrological inscriptions are clear at a glance, and the worship of the star god contained in them is also clear. The small money-beating body contains rich connotations. The analysis in this book has been rarely discussed by some predecessors and is a completely original point of view. This book makes a pioneering exploration into the inner world of the Han people through winning money.

This book outlines in detail the historical inheritance of Shidian ritual music in Yunnan during the Qing Dynasty. On this basis, taking the inheritance status of Shidian ritual music in Dali, Lin'an and Lijiang areas in the Qing Dynasty as an example, the evolution and integration of Confucian ritual music represented by Shidian ritual music in the Qing Dynasty and Yunnan traditional music culture are analyzed.

This book is a historical treatise that systematically analyzes the military system of the Republic of China. The historical materials are rich and detailed, and most of them are disclosed for the first time. It reasonably integrates general research and topical research, with well-argued arguments and complete structure. It breaks through some traditional conclusions that have been followed for a long time in the field of history. Many insights and conclusions are of innovative significance. Guided by the basic theories of Marxism and drawing on the outstanding achievements of contemporary humanities and social sciences, we conduct interdisciplinary and all-round research on the military system, establish categories horizontally, write history vertically, and build a framework and system for the history of the military system of the Republic of China. The theoretical summary and experience summary in the book are of great enlightenment for the construction of contemporary institutions.

This book focuses on the marriage archives of Ba County, Sichuan during the Qing Dynasty, and comprehensively and systematically displays many aspects of marriage, such as regular marriage, child adoption marriage, annulment and regretful marriage, etc. Not only that, but also carefully classified, researched and reflected on certain specific forms of marriage, such as child marriage. The woman's living conditions in her husband's family were discussed in terms of abuse by her husband's family, retirement by her husband's family, and discord with her husband's family. The reasons for the lawsuit were also discussed in depth with the magistrate's judgment. The essence of marriage is a social relationship. Those who enter the marriage market choose spouse resources based on their own conditions and family background to complete the marriage match. This batch of marriage archives in Ba County vividly reflect the intricate relationships between husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, in-laws, biological parents and adoptive parents, married daughters and their natal families, and neighbors and relatives. They have a strong local flavor and are the first-hand historical materials for studying marriage and family relationships in Ba County during the Qing Dynasty.

Mr. Ge Zhaoguang is a generalist with broad academic vision and thorough academic vision. While tirelessly conducting research on local academic issues, he always looks overseas. Through extensive cross-domain dialogue, he deeply participates in the most cutting-edge academic debates, seeking new voices and introducing new knowledge, thereby enriching the perspective of observing Chinese issues. "Looking at the Peak from the Side: A Collection of Commentaries on Ge Zhaoguang's Overseas Academic Works" is the embodiment of his long-term efforts and achievements. In this book, Mr. Ge Zhaoguang adheres to the four research perspectives that he has always insisted on "standing on the extension of the study of modern China issues", that is, "shortening of time, expanding space, increasing historical materials, and complex issues", especially from the perspective of "complicated issues" that governs the overall situation. From the compilation of the history of imperial China such as Bu Zhengmin, By Yu Yingshi's new interpretive framework for the intellectual history of the Song Dynasty, he conducted in-depth comments and dialogues on topics such as the modern Japanese Sinologists' investigation of China's periphery and the biologist Locke's in-depth investigation of the Naxi culture in the southwestern frontier, showing a strong sense of pre-current, a clear sense of truth-seeking, and a conscious sense of understanding. This book comprehensively presents Mr. Ge Zhaoguang's observations and thoughts on overseas academic works.

China has a long history, and the Chinese civilization is the only one among the ancient civilizations in the world that has developed continuously without interruption to this day. Counting from the time of Huangdi Ji Xuanyuan, it has a history of more than 5,000 years. The so-called ancient history refers to human history before written records. In China, it generally refers to the history before the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Since there are no reliable written records, even the later supplementary documents often convey fallacies, making future generations' understanding of ancient human history very vague or even wrong. Therefore, in the context of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, pursuing the true origin of the Chinese nation and exploring where we come from will help inspire the self-confidence of the Chinese people and the cohesion of the nation, and help us examine the existential meaning of human races and individual lives from a higher perspective.

This book aims to explore the evolution of Chinese national character. The author believes that national character is not static. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Tang and Song Dynasties, and then to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the character of the Chinese people is like a waterfall, flowing down and getting worse. It is the backward system that has caused the bad nature of the Chinese people. From the dual perspectives of space and time, this book can be said to be an alternative general history of China, and it also seeks a real way out for China's future transformation and development.

In Chinese anthropology, the name Morgan may have been misunderstood as a Chinese name because of its lofty historical status (of course, this is purely a description). In the process of this cross-cultural misunderstanding, Morgan and many social theories without Chinese characteristics deduced from Morgan's theory had the opportunity to call themselves "indigenous social theories." Therefore, to this day, some scholars still use the understanding they gained from Morgan to classify the understanding others gained from other theories as "foreign accents", deliberately inducing people to forget that Morgan himself was an American. This paradoxical phenomenon reminds people of the need to restore Morgan's Western perspective and comment on this name alongside other Western anthropological thinkers. And only by doing this can we truly re-establish Morgan's banner among Chinese intellectuals.

This book is a world-renowned masterpiece of historical theory by the famous British historian Carr. In the book, the author analyzes "history" from all aspects, quotes from a wide range of sources, outlines and leads, and puts forward the famous proposition that "history is a constant dialogue with reality."

This book contains 8 papers written by Kant between 1784 and 1797 (from 60 to 73 years old), including all of Kant's major works on historical philosophy and political philosophy. Germany at the end of the 18th century was still a divided and backward country compared to the advanced Western countries of the same period. Although capitalist production relations were developing, they still suffered from the severe constraints of the feudal system. This determines the special weakness of the German middle class. While Britain and France were taking revolutionary action to overthrow the feudal system, Germany was still taking only theoretical forms. Therefore, when discussing the German classical philosophy founded by Kant, the classic writer pointed out: "At the same time as the political revolution occurred in France, a philosophical revolution occurred in Germany. This revolution was started by Kant."

This book has twelve chapters in total, discussing many important issues related to the development of Chinese historiography: elucidation of the achievements of famous historical works such as "Historical Records" and "Shitong", tracking and analysis of changes in academic ideological trends, textual research and analysis of important historical facts, and academic debates on certain current commentaries. The academic purposes throughout the book are: to conduct research from top to bottom and grasp the key points in the history of history; to elucidate the profound content of historical masterpieces and the superb compilation methods; to deeply explore and promote the great creativity of national culture contained in historical masterpieces. The whole book reflects the author's new vision of examining the evolution path of Chinese historiography with "historical inheritance and the spirit of the Chinese nation" as the main line.

Frédéric Bastiat was a French economist in the mid-19th century. Joseph Schumpeter once called him "the greatest economic journalist of all time." He adhered to the basic principles of the free market and severely criticized various attempts to restrict the operation of the free market. This anthology of "World Academic Masterpieces in Chinese Translation: Property, Law and Government" is written for the general public and clearly explains the most important principles of political economy in easy-to-understand language. Hayek once commented on this book, his famous "What is Visible and What is Invisible in Political Economy": No one has ever clearly revealed the key difficulties of rational economic policy in such a simple sentence. I would also like to add that it also provides a decisive argument for economic freedom.

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Croce reordered and edited the series of papers according to internal logical connections, combined with the special historical conditions of the 1920s and 1930s, to deepen and improve his historical views and historiographic theories. The book is divided into eight parts: history as thought and action; historicism and its history; history without historical problems; historical certainty and authenticity; history and politics; history and morality; prospects of history; and conclusion. Croce denies the transcendental necessity and causal necessity of historical philosophy, but affirms the logical necessity of history. Croce analyzes the characteristics of historical writings. The philosophical theoretical thoughts and historical theoretical thoughts presented by the author in the book still have important enlightenment on the history of world thought and philosophy...

The Yuan Dynasty was an important stage in the historical development of the Tibetan people. Tibet ended more than four hundred years of melee and division, and was officially brought under the direct administrative jurisdiction of the central dynasty, becoming an integral part of China's administrative territory in the Yuan Dynasty. This book focuses on the administrative system issues that governed Tubo in the Yuan Dynasty. It systematically and in-depth discusses the three forces that restrict local administrative affairs in Tubo: the status and role of King Chuzhen, Emperor Shi and King Bailan, and examines the institutions under their jurisdiction one by one. It corrected some mistakes of predecessors, or questioned the old theory, and established a new theory, so that related issues could be explained comprehensively, and a new way was opened up for the study of the local political history of Tubo in the Yuan Dynasty.

The North Canal is the natural river in the northernmost section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It was once an important canal channel in history. This book conducts an in-depth study of the management and changes of the North Canal during the water transportation period, discusses the management methods adopted by the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties to ensure water transportation, sorts out the course changes of the North Canal, focuses on restoring the location of the North Canal during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and systematically analyzes the management methods and river course changes of the North Canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Finally, from a macro perspective, the spatial characteristics of the North Canal's river management and the era and evolution process of river management in the past dynasties were analyzed, and the relationship between river management and changes and canal water transportation was clarified.

"Travel in Mongolia" was written under the guidance of Mr. Torii Ryuzo, and covers the area from the Xing'an Mountains between the eastern and western Gobi Deserts to the Xilamulun River Basin, from Khalkha in Outer Mongolia to the north and to the Chifeng area of ​​Inner Mongolia in the south. According to Torii Ryuzo's own preface, the results of the investigation include physical anthropological data of the population on the way, records of language, collection of slang, nursery rhymes, etc., And archaeological investigation of ruins and relics. Among them, the archaeological survey includes stone arrowheads, stone axes and other relics of the Hongshan Culture in the Xilamulun River and Yingjin River basins, as well as Khitan relics in Xianbei, Wuwan, and Zhongjing and Shangjing (Qingcheng) of the Liao Kingdom. This is a relatively long trip, and the years have tempered the hard work at that time. Let's take a look at a dusty record.

Introduction to "On Heroes, Hero Worship and Heroic Deeds in History": Thomas Carlyle was a giant in the British literary world in the 19th century. In our country's theoretical works, he is a representative figure of the criticized idealist heroic view of history. In that era when all schools of thought were in darkness and all flowers were withering, people adopted a critical attitude towards him, and few of his works were translated and published. People know very little about his life and thoughts, and their criticism of his wrong ideas cannot be profound. For this reason, the following is a brief introduction and explanation of Carlyle's life story.

This book is Miyazaki's representative work. By collecting examples scattered in historical records and biographies, Miyazaki Shisei strives to find the correspondence between rural grades and official grades, breaks through the traditional research model, and accurately describes the development and evolution of the Nine-grade Officials Law, a system of official selection that ran through the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and down to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, over more than 300 years, and used this as a line It integrates the official selection system, the official position system and the aristocratic system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and profoundly reveals the political system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the ups and downs of the medieval aristocracy. It opens up a new situation for the study of the medieval electoral system, and can even be said to have drawn a watershed for the research at that time. After the book was published, it received critical acclaim from the academic community and won Japan's highest academic award, the "Bachelor's Academy Award". It has become a must-read classic for studying the history of China's Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties.

The development of the dairy industry is becoming more and more attractive nowadays, and related research is also increasing day by day. However, the existing studies are mostly discussed from the perspective of animal husbandry economics and lack the analysis of dairy hygiene system. Or in terms of time period, it focuses on the development of the industry after the 1980s, but lacks understanding of the development in modern times. In view of the important position of dairy market management in the development of the dairy industry, especially the evolution of the system from the late Qing Dynasty to before 1949 still has certain reference value and inspiration for today's dairy industry management.

"International Sinology Research Newsletter" is a comprehensive academic collection edited by the International Sinologist Training Base of Peking University. It is an academic platform for communication between Chinese and foreign scholars. It focuses on introducing the research trends of the international sinology community in the field of traditional Chinese humanities, and collects recent research results in related majors, covering Chinese literature, literature, history, archaeology, art, Sino-Western exchanges and other fields. It is divided into several parts: Sinology Forum, Literature World, Sinology Figures, Reviews of Works, Research Overview, and Base Chronicles. The chairman of the editorial board is Professor Rong Xinjiang of the Department of History of Peking University. The members come from many universities and academic institutions in China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. The chief editor is Professor Liu Yucai of the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Peking University. The authors are mostly first-line scholars at home and abroad. Included articles include Kojiro Yoshikawa's "Explanation of Calibration Materials of the Classics and Literature Laboratory of the Institute of Oriental Culture", Ma Xiaohe's "New Examination of Yijiao in Zhenjiang and Quanzhou in the Yuan Dynasty", "Minutes of the International Sinology Lecture Series (2018.01-2018.06)", Etc.

This book mainly introduces the basic framework and research history of public history, aiming to provide introductory guidance for readers who are interested in engaging in or understanding public history research, and also provides theoretical and practical guidance for the establishment and development of public history in China. First, it outlines the basic theories and methods of public history; second, it outlines a concise history of this discipline. As a new branch of history, public history has different development paths and models in different countries, but the main research is still concentrated in English-speaking countries. This book will sort out and review the origin, development, and academic history of public history in major English-speaking countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada); then, it will discuss important topics and key issues in this discipline. Public history is a historical school that emerged in the United States since the 1960s and 1970s. It has now developed into a new field of contemporary American historical research. It refers to historians using the training skills and research results of academic history, with the help of methods from other disciplines, to serve various fields of real society related to history, including government departments, companies, news media, historical sites, museums and other institutions. Public history is oriented to social needs, and the goal of its subject education is to cultivate historians who are adaptable to practical operations.

"Grassroots Organizations and Rural Social Management in the Qing Dynasty - A Case Study of Southern Sichuan County" uses the "Southern County Government Archives of the Qing Dynasty" as documentary support, supplemented by canonical documents, official mottos, local chronicles, etc., And conducts a systematic study on the reasons for the establishment of various grassroots organizations, such as Baojia, Lijia, Lipai, Xiangyue, and Tuanlian, as well as the selection and appointment of officials. From this, we can see how various grassroots organizations in Southern County manage rural society. This book has important reference value in promoting in-depth research on the rural system in the Qing Dynasty.

The study of large clans in medieval times is an important proposition in the social, political and cultural history of medieval times. It has always been an important topic in history, cultural anthropology and sociology. The Wang family in Taiyuan in the Middle Ages was one of the famous and famous families at that time, and it was consistent with the entire Middle Ages. This book is a late-stage project funded by the National Social Science Fund. It focuses on the Wang family of Taiyuan and examines it within the context of the entire medieval society. It focuses on the comprehensive study of the Wang family of Taiyuan and the politics, economy, culture, religious beliefs, customs and habits of medieval society, with special emphasis on the discussion of its cultural characteristics and advantages. Examining the origins and revising the genealogy, through detailed analysis and case studies of the family's officialdom, marriage, beliefs, family traditions, education status, family economy and other aspects, it gives a detailed discussion of its development process in the past millennium and its interactive relationship with the changes in medieval society, and then thinks about the status and role of the aristocratic family in medieval history.

This book selects five typical characters, Xiang Yu, Liu Bang, Xiao He, Zhang Liang, and Han Xin, who have been reconstructed many times in the dramas of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, for research, and analyzes them from three aspects: the reasons for the reconstruction of the characters in the Chu-Han War, the reconstruction process of the characters in the Chu-Han War and its influencing factors, and the significance of the reconstruction of the dramas of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties to "Historical Records" and Chinese literature.

This book is a popular and interesting historical booklet written by the author based on extensive research on historical materials of the late Qing Dynasty. It mainly describes the daily troubles of high-ranking officials in the late Qing Dynasty, including the natural climate, social environment, interpersonal relationships, daily necessities, physical diseases, and even spiritual destiny. It shows the other side of famous officials in the late Qing Dynasty such as He Rulin, Ji Zhichang, Zeng Guofan, Lu Chuanlin, and Shao Ying. Explains the profound things in a simple way and is very interesting.

"A Brief History of Humankind" is an intellectual comic adapted from the global bestseller "A Brief History of Humanity: From Animals to God". It was carefully created by author Professor Yuval Harari, together with the famous Belgian comic artist David van der Meulen and the famous French illustrator Danielle Casanave, which took two years. Ten years after the publication of "A Brief History of Humankind", Professor Yuval Harari once again looked back at human history in a new way using comic stories with new questions. This time Professor Harari enters the book and becomes a guide, traveling to real scenes in ancient history to observe how Homo sapiens survived as a humble animal in the beginning. Following Professor Yuval Harari on this wild journey of history, there are also a large group of comic characters - Neanderthals, primitive Bill, fictional doctors, mammoths, Detective Lopez, lawyer Adamski, etc. Why not join them for a ride on the wild train of history? The knowledge comic "A Brief History of Humanity" combines dramatic narrative, storyboard design and rich knowledge, with ingenious layout, exquisite painting style and strong sense of immersion in the scene. Recreate human evolution in the form of a real-life show, use contemporary art masterpieces to show the first encounter between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals, tell the story of the extinction of mammoths and saber-toothed tigers in the form of a detective movie, 6 early human species on card games, superheroes played by fictional doctors, etc., Allowing us to be immersed in the scene.

M. L. Titarenko, Doctor of Philosophy, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, meritorious scientific activist of the Russian Federation, director of the Far Eastern Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and chairman of the Russia-China Friendship Association. He was born in 1934, graduated from the Philosophy Department of Moscow State University in 1956, and went to the Philosophy Department of Peking University for further study in 1957, where he studied under Feng Youlan. He is an expert on the history of Chinese philosophy, Chinese politics and practical issues, Russia and countries in the Asia-Pacific region, and Russia-China relations. He has written more than 200 books (articles), such as "China: Civilization and Reform", "The Tradition of Chinese Sociopolitics and Political Culture", "Peace, Security and Cooperation Issues in the Asia-Pacific and Far East Region", "Russia and East Asia: Issues in the Relationship between International and Civilizations", etc. This library includes abstracts of his works, which mainly translate and introduce his systematic views and articles on the influence of ancient Chinese philosophical tradition on contemporary Chinese culture.

This book is part of the Harvard Press East Asian Studies Series. Starting from the huge impact of the influx of foreign consumer goods on traditional industries at the beginning of the 20th century, the author deeply analyzes the various phenomena and essence of the "domestic products movement" launched by all strata of society to solve the "foreign goods problem", thereby elucidating the historical reasons why two forces that had a major impact on the 20th century: consumerism and nationalism emerged in China in the form of successive promotions and were closely related. This book is a historical work that also involves economic and cultural research. It provides a novel perspective and idea for examining China's modern history and exploring the formation of China's modern nation-state. The specific discussion is clear and logical, and is accompanied by 50 related pictures. It has the rigor of an academic work and the clarity of a cultural research reader, making it suitable for a broad audience of readers. It was well received after being published by our publisher in 2007, and is being reprinted this time.

This book does not comprehensively introduce the development of historiography during the Han and Tang Dynasties, but mainly discusses several issues closely related to the development of historiography, such as the relationship between historiography and Confucian classics, historiography and literature, historiography and regions, and social trends of thought, etc. In recent years, the author has realized that the study of the history of historiography cannot ignore the internal development logic of historiography. For this reprint, the author has added two articles in related fields. In addition, this book also particularly emphasizes the inconsistency in the time process between cultural history and dynastic political history. For example, the political end of the Warring States Period was in the Qin Dynasty, but the cultural end of the Warring States Period was in the Han Dynasty. The academic and cultural differences between the north and the south during the Northern and Southern Dynasties also existed until the early Tang Dynasty.

Through the analysis of the text of "The History of the Peloponnesian War", this book reveals that the ancient Greek historian's main criterion for judging greatness was suffering (Greek Pathos); it further interprets some of the most representative text fragments in Thucydides' narrative, and explores how the basic concept of "suffering and greatness" affects Thucydides' views on the historical situation of mankind and his writing.

Based on the six periods of Pre-Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tang Dynasty, Song and Yuan, and Qing Dynasty, the book explains the important historical masterpieces of the past dynasties, including the "Four Histories", "Three Links" and historical reviews. In addition to describing the life of the compiler, the process of writing the book, the content and style, and historical evaluation, it also includes a variety of related classics, either as supplements or for comparison, in order to show the general appearance of ancient Chinese historiography in an orderly manner. The discussion content in this book strives to be as complex and concise as possible, while trying to refer to recent research results. Important items are illustrated with diagrams, and each chapter is annotated. Classic texts from historical books are also attached as reading materials. References are attached at the end of the book, which can serve as clues for readers to further read.

The 20th century is an extremely important period in the history of Chinese academics. It is a period of transformation from tradition to modernity. It is a period of mutual stimulation between Chinese and Western learning and unprecedented achievements. History, as the "explicit science" in Chinese academic circles, has undergone particularly dramatic changes. From the "new historical trend of thought" in the early 1990s to positivist historiography, Marxist historiography, and the New Chinese Studies in the 1990s, it can be described as one after another with twists and turns. Therefore, at the starting point of the new century, it is undoubtedly necessary to make an academic historical summary of the development of history in the past 100 years. At present, there have been some texts in the academic world that focus on introducing research achievements that reflect specific fields, specific departments, chronological periods, or special topics. However, there are still no collections that reflect and reflect the overall situation of historical research in the 20th century. It is always a pity that one misses the forest for the trees. This book just fills this gap. It contains 20th century macro-historical commentary articles by famous historians and famous scholars such as Qi Sihe, Zhou Yutong, Dai Yi, Yu Yingshi, Tang Degang, and Luo Zhitian. These articles either focus on the development process or highlight the awareness of issues, and systematically present the overview of the development of history over the past century. At the same time, they have extremely high historical value. Many of them are follow-up comments from the parties involved or those who experienced them. They are filled with the academic atmosphere of the time and are rare and true records.

"The Edge of China" is a blockbuster study by the famous scholar Wang Mingke that discusses the ethnic identity and historical development of the Chinese nation. It provides a new way to answer "What is Chinese?" Wang Mingke believes that "when we draw a circle on a piece of paper, it is actually its 'edge' that makes it look like a circle." He regards "China" as the human ecology in long-term history, and the "edge of China" is not only an edge in time and geography, but also an edge in identity. In the specific resource competition and environmental allocation, in the collective memory shaping and amnesia selection, the formation, change, and maintenance of the Chinese edge can also explain the formation and change of the Chinese ethnic group and identity. "The Edge of China" is a classic work with theoretical paradigm significance and has been popular for many years. The first part of the book mainly states the theoretical framework and analytical methods of the book; the second part uses archaeological materials to explain the human ecological background of the formation of the boundaries of the Chinese ethnic groups; the third part elaborates on the important formation basis of the Chinese ethnic groups, that is, the origin legends and historical records of the Zhou people, and Through examples such as Jing Chu and Wu, it illustrates the back-and-forth between Chineseization and de-Chineseization of marginalized ethnic groups; the fourth part focuses on the re-creation of the Chinese edge in modern times, and analyzes the tension between individuals, ethnic groups and society in the process of identity establishment through microscopic examples from the ethnic survey process in the 1940s. Wang Mingke used theories and materials from various disciplines such as social anthropology theory, archaeological excavation reports, historical documents and historical materials, combined with his personal fieldwork experience among the Qiang people, to deeply explore the relationship between the resource environment and the marginality of ethnic groups, the mutual growth of historical memory and ethnic identity, the difference between individual and collective memory and identity, etc., In order to provide more reflection and new knowledge on the current national and ethnic identity issues.

The focus of this book is more ethnographic. In addition to personal historical experiences in generations, families, and city images, the research objects also include public historical debates, especially in 2006 and 2007, and a wide variety of commodities in the booming historical market.

The title of the book "The History of Historiography relies on Beijing and Tianjin: A collection of historical research and teaching of Langfang Normal University's history" is drafted as "The History of Historiography relies on Beijing and Tianjin", and a subtitle is added to clarify the background. "The history of historiography" is the history of historiography, and its literal meaning has rich connotations. In short, the history of history is vertically separated from the overall history, and has a relatively independent and systematic special history, which can be summarized and reviewed above history, and becomes the knowledge basis for historical theoretical research. The original meaning of the word "" is a high hill or a tall building. "Yijing" can be directly interpreted as leaning on a tall place; the word "jin" means a ferry, which is extended to a breakthrough for exploring new knowledge and exploring new territories. "Exploring Jin" means seeking the way forward and seeking academic growth. Of course, Beijing and Tianjin are obviously the abbreviations of Beijing and Tianjin. The two meanings combined together vividly show the academic situation of the history major of Langfang Normal University, which is that it is not far from the academic centers of history in Beijing and Tianjin. This is one of the superior conditions for the foundation and construction of the history major of our school. In the future, with the support of leading departments at all levels, it is necessary to contact more regions and more units to learn from experience and promote cooperation. The purpose of "taking advantage of" the academic center is to shine brightly as soon as possible and become another highlight of this major.

This book contains 18 articles, covering politics, economy, culture, foreign exchanges and other aspects from the Qin to the Qing Dynasty and modern times. It includes special research on the "Guanpu" activities in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the works of Chaozhou literati in the Ming Dynasty, and the gentry class in modern Hunan. It also has historical research and research on the thirteen-line Panzhai sale contract in the archives of Cambridge University. The book is rich in literature and materials, has a broad academic vision, and has a high academic standard.

"Journal of the Institute of History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" is an academic journal of the Institute of History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The papers collected are all the research results of researchers from the Institute of History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. They are a concentrated reflection of the research level of the researchers of the Institute of History and have outstanding academic significance. This collection includes "Land Ownership and Community in Ancient China", "A Study of Embroidery in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties", "A Study of Han Fei's "Cunhan" Deeds", "Study on Qin Dongmen", "Vegetable Records of the Han Dynasty", "Royal Power and Sangha Power in the Jin and Song Dynasties - Centered on the Controversy of Shamans Who Disrespect the King", "Sun Chuo's Theory of Confucianism and Buddhism", "Dunhuang Documents "Zhang Huai Shen Stele" and its back. "Re-editing and Supplementary Notes on Poems", "A Compilation and Research of Translations and Translations of Zhongshu Province in the Tang Dynasty", "Tracing the Origin of Medieval Mourning Ceremonies", "Also Talking about the Alliance of Chanyuan", "Translation and Annotation of the Sea Route Part of "Marco Polo's Travels" (1)", "Preliminary Research on the "Map of Zhejiang" in the Collection of the Library of Congress", "A Study of Kongtong Mountain, a Taoist Holy Land", 14 academic papers, covering various fields of ancient Chinese history research.

This book is a collection of the results of the 2005-2006 research project of the Institute of Oriental Culture at Gakushuin University in Japan, "The Understanding of 'China' by Modern Chinese Intellectuals." This book is different from the study of new methodologies in the history of modern Chinese thought, but is dedicated to the basic research of each text. The main content analyzes the status of the academic research of Zhu Guangqian, Gu Hongming, Hu Shi, Liang Qichao, Song Pingzi, Zhao Zhengping, Zhang Junmai and others in the development of modern Chinese intellectual history, as well as their need to both adapt to and change the environment in a given environment, and their contribution and influence on the ideological trends of modern Chinese society under the influence of multiple gravity.

During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Chinese scholars faced the opportunity of academic evolution and attached great importance to summarizing the scholarship of the Qing Dynasty, thus making academic history, especially the history of Qing studies, a prominent study. Among the scholars who studied the history of Qing studies at that time, Zhang Taiyan, Liu Shipei, and Liang Qichao were the most outstanding representatives, setting a model in this field. Their opinions, such as their views on the origin and development stage of Qing studies, their views on the divisions of textual criticism schools, the common orientation of praising Anhui and suppressing Wu, emphasizing the "scientific" nature of textual criticism, and regarding Dai Zhen as an "anti-Confucian thinker", etc., All had a great impact on later generations and standardized the relevant research of later generations. The writing of this book is based on these factors. While systematically exploring the historical writings of Qing studies by Zhang, Qi, and Liang as a whole, it is supplemented by case studies.

Mr. Chen Qitai was taught by Mr. Liu Jie, a disciple of Chen Yinke, and Mr. Bai Shouyi, a master historian. He mainly worked in the fields of pre-Qin and Han history, Qing Dynasty and modern academic history, and 20th century Chinese history. "Chen Qitai Historiography" is the culmination of more than thirty years of diligent scholarship. "Chen Qitai's Collection of Historiography" has a total of nine volumes and about 3 million words, including "Meditations on Academic History", "History and Chinese Cultural Tradition", "History Compilation and National Spirit", "History and National Spirit", "General Theory of Gongyang Studies in the Spring and Autumn Period of Qing Dynasty", "The Course of Modern Chinese Historiography", "Rebuilding the Monument - Ban Gu and "Hanshu"", "Critical Biography of Liang Qichao" and "Critical Biography of Fan Wenlan's Academic Thoughts". The whole book has important academic value, and contains many insights and major innovations. "Collection of Chen Qitai's Historiography" is a response to the needs of the times. Mr. Chen Qitai's works increase our understanding of the rich connotations of China's excellent cultural traditions by more accurately evaluating the achievements of outstanding historians and historical works, and help us gain a deeper understanding of the centripetal force, cohesion and great creativity of Chinese culture. Mr. Chen Qitai is full of enthusiasm, and his pure heart for the nation and country can be seen in every line. This kind of family and country sentiment is the legacy of the traditional Chinese spirit of outstanding scholars.

Mr. Chen Qitai was taught by Mr. Liu Jie, a disciple of Chen Yinke, and Mr. Bai Shouyi, a master historian. He mainly worked in the fields of pre-Qin and Han history, Qing Dynasty and modern academic history, and 20th century Chinese history. "Chen Qitai Historiography" is the culmination of more than thirty years of diligent scholarship. "Chen Qitai's Collection of Historiography" has a total of nine volumes and about 3 million words, including "Meditations on Academic History", "History and Chinese Cultural Tradition", "History Compilation and National Spirit", "History and National Spirit", "General Theory of Gongyang Studies in the Spring and Autumn Period of Qing Dynasty", "The Course of Modern Chinese Historiography", "Rebuilding the Monument - Ban Gu and Hanshu", "Critical Biography of Liang Qichao" and "Critical Biography of Fan Wenlan's Academic Thoughts". The whole book has important academic value, and contains many insights and major innovations. "Collection of Chen Qitai's Historiography" is a response to the needs of the times. Mr. Chen Qitai's works increase our understanding of the rich connotations of China's excellent cultural traditions by more accurately evaluating the achievements of outstanding historians and historical works, and help us gain a deeper understanding of the centripetal force, cohesion and great creativity of Chinese culture. Mr. Chen Qitai is full of enthusiasm, and his pure heart for the nation and country can be seen in every line. This kind of family and country sentiment is the legacy of the traditional Chinese spirit of outstanding scholars.

Mr. Chen Qitai was taught by Mr. Liu Jie, a disciple of Chen Yinke, and Mr. Bai Shouyi, a master historian. He mainly worked in the fields of pre-Qin and Han history, Qing Dynasty and modern academic history, and 20th century Chinese history. "Chen Qitai Historiography" is the culmination of more than thirty years of diligent scholarship. "Chen Qitai's Collection of Historiography" has a total of nine volumes and about 3 million words, including "Meditations on Academic History", "History and Chinese Cultural Tradition", "History Compilation and National Spirit", "History and National Spirit", "General Theory of Gongyang Studies in the Spring and Autumn Period of Qing Dynasty", "The Course of Modern Chinese Historiography", "Rebuilding the Monument - Ban Gu and "Hanshu"", "Critical Biography of Liang Qichao" and "Critical Biography of Fan Wenlan's Academic Thoughts". The whole book has important academic value, and contains many insights and major innovations. "Collection of Chen Qitai's Historiography" is a response to the needs of the times. Mr. Chen Qitai's works increase our understanding of the rich connotations of China's excellent cultural traditions by more accurately evaluating the achievements of outstanding historians and historical works, and help us gain a deeper understanding of the centripetal force, cohesion and great creativity of Chinese culture. Mr. Chen Qitai is full of enthusiasm, and his pure heart for the nation and country can be seen in every line. This kind of family and country sentiment is the legacy of the traditional Chinese spirit of outstanding scholars.

Mr. Chen Qitai was taught by Mr. Liu Jie, a disciple of Chen Yinke, and Mr. Bai Shouyi, a master historian. He mainly worked in the fields of pre-Qin and Han history, Qing Dynasty and modern academic history, and 20th century Chinese history. "Chen Qitai Historiography" is the culmination of more than thirty years of diligent scholarship. "Chen Qitai's Collection of Historiography" has a total of nine volumes and about 3 million words, including "Meditations on Academic History", "History and Chinese Cultural Tradition", "History Compilation and National Spirit", "History and National Spirit", "General Theory of Gongyang Studies in the Spring and Autumn Period of Qing Dynasty", "The Course of Modern Chinese Historiography", "Rebuilding the Monument - Ban Gu and "Hanshu"", "Critical Biography of Liang Qichao" and "Critical Biography of Fan Wenlan's Academic Thoughts". The whole book has important academic value, and contains many insights and major innovations. "Collection of Chen Qitai's Historiography" is a response to the needs of the times. Mr. Chen Qitai's works increase our understanding of the rich connotations of China's excellent cultural traditions by more accurately evaluating the achievements of outstanding historians and historical works, and help us gain a deeper understanding of the centripetal force, cohesion and great creativity of Chinese culture. Mr. Chen Qitai is full of enthusiasm, and his pure heart for the nation and country can be seen in every line. This kind of family and country sentiment is the legacy of the traditional Chinese spirit of outstanding scholars.

Mr. Chen Qitai was taught by Mr. Liu Jie, a disciple of Chen Yinke, and Mr. Bai Shouyi, a master historian. He mainly worked in the fields of pre-Qin and Han history, Qing Dynasty and modern academic history, and 20th century Chinese history. "Chen Qitai Historiography" is the culmination of more than thirty years of diligent scholarship. "Chen Qitai's Collection of Historiography" has a total of nine volumes and about 3 million words, including "Meditations on Academic History", "History and Chinese Cultural Tradition", "History Compilation and National Spirit", "History and National Spirit", "General Theory of Gongyang Studies in the Spring and Autumn Period of Qing Dynasty", "The Course of Modern Chinese Historiography", "Rebuilding the Monument - Ban Gu and Hanshu", "Critical Biography of Liang Qichao" and "Critical Biography of Fan Wenlan's Academic Thoughts". The whole book has important academic value, and contains many insights and major innovations. "Collection of Chen Qitai's Historiography" is a response to the needs of the times. Mr. Chen Qitai's works increase our understanding of the rich connotations of China's excellent cultural traditions by more accurately evaluating the achievements of outstanding historians and historical works, and help us gain a deeper understanding of the centripetal force, cohesion and great creativity of Chinese culture. Mr. Chen Qitai is full of enthusiasm, and his pure heart for the nation and country can be seen in every line. This kind of family and country sentiment is the legacy of the traditional Chinese spirit of outstanding scholars.