Liao's Foreign War

The Liao Kingdom was a dynasty established by Yelu Abaoji of the Khitan tribe in 907. Its capital was Linhuang Mansion in Beijing. It was destroyed by the Jin Kingdom in 1125 and lasted for 218 years. It flourished during the period of Shengzong of the Liao Dynasty, when it signed the "Chanyuan Alliance", created the Khitan script, implemented official systems in the north and south, and promoted national integration. The Liao Kingdom's foreign wars were concentrated on Goryeo, Xixia and other regimes. In its heyday, it reached a long-term peace with the Northern Song Dynasty. In its later period, it was destroyed due to corruption and neglect of the rise of the Jurchens. 1. Liao-Xia War (1044): Liao and Xixia were at war. Because Xixia incited various party departments in Liao to rebel against Liao, Liao Xingzong failed to conquer and made peace with Xixia, and the conflict was temporarily suspended. 2. Liao-Li War (three times): In 993, the Liao army defeated Goryeo, and Goryeo declared itself a vassal and paid tribute; in 1010, the Liao army broke through the capital, and Goryeo reconciled with a king change; in 1019, the Liao army conquered Goryeo, which wanted to break away from control, and Goryeo became a vassal again. In addition, the Liaodong expedition to Goryeo from 983 to 985 was suspended due to floods, and the two sides temporarily maintained peace. 3. The Liao War against the Northern Song Dynasty (979-1005): In the Battle of Gaoliang River in 979, the Liao Dynasty defeated the Song army attacking You; in 1004, the Liao army penetrated into the Song Dynasty, and the two sides signed the Chanyuan Alliance and Song tribute coins to maintain a hundred years of peace. 4. War between Liao and Jin (1115-1125): Wanyan Agu launched an army to rebel against the Liao Dynasty. The Jin army successively captured many capitals of the Liao Dynasty. In 1125, Emperor Tianzuo was captured and the Liao Dynasty was destroyed. 5. Liao's war against the Jurchens (980s): The Liao's campaign against the Jurchens led to the deterioration of the relationship between the Jurchens and Goryeo, laying hidden dangers for the subsequent Liao-Lichu war.