Peasant Revolt in the Late Ming Dynasty

The Peasant Uprising in the late Ming Dynasty (1627-1647) was one of the largest and most far-reaching peasant wars in Chinese history, which directly led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty. The core of the uprising was the two major forces of Li Zicheng's Dashun Army and Zhang Xianzhong's Great Western Army. It was divided into three stages: Phase One: Local Revolts (1627-1636)  Chengcheng Uprising (1627) Battle of Fugu (1630) The second stage: strategic expansion and establishment of political power (1636-1643) Battle of Xiangyang (1636) Battle of Luoyang (1641) Battle of Ruzhou (1643) The third stage: Overthrowing the Ming Dynasty and confronting the Qing army (1644-1646) Battle of Tongguan (1644) Battle of Peking (March 1644) Battle of Shanhaiguan (April 1644) Battle of Chengdu (1644) Battle of Phoenix Mountain in Xichong (1646) The fourth stage: Resistance to the Qing Dynasty and final failure (1647-1664) Thirteen families in Kuidong resisted the Qing Dynasty (1647-1658) Battle of Maolu Mountain (1664) Summary of campaign features Evolution of tactics: from dispersed guerrillas (such as Wang Er's Uprising) to large-scale siege of cities and territories (such as the battles of Luoyang and Beijing). Impact of the slogan: "Equal land and no taxes" became the core of mobilization, marking the peasant war entering a new stage. Double confrontation: Facing the Ming and Qing armies at the same time in the later period, strategic mistakes accelerated failure (such as the Battle of Shanhaiguan).