Novels like I Am the Sword That Can Slay Immortals
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as I Am the Sword That Can Slay Immortals, best match first.
- 51 The Sword Immortal: A Wuxia Tale 武侠小说剑仙传说 Synopsis of the wuxia novel Sword Immortal Legend: Du Tiesheng wondered to himself what was going on. Fangfang had already set the book on the table and beckoned him over. “Come here!” Du Tiesheng hurried over! The book on the table now appeared to be about five inches long and four inches wide. It was covered entirely in fine plain silk, and its cover bore several plum-blossom seal-script characters: The Secret Manual of Qingcheng's Opening of the Abode. 7Reads—Score—14d adds
- 52 The Immortal Execution Platform? This Time, I'll Be the One Moving the Pieces 诛仙台？这次由我来执棋 [Healing + Cozy + Genius + Demonic Corruption] (Not urban fantasy) After unexpectedly obtaining the Immortal-Slaying Platform, Zhang Lingjun is forced to take on the responsibility of saving humanity. From then on, he embarks on a path of conquest across the myriad heavens. He punches the Demon Cult and kicks the Enforcement Hall, ultimately becoming humanity's supreme ruler. But on the day he ascends to the Heavenly Realm, he finally understands. There has always been something wrong with this 10Reads—Score—14d adds
- 53 Purple Lightning and Green Frost 紫电青霜 At his master's behest, young hero Ge Longxiang visits the Cold Cloud Immortal, Ge Qingshuang, to discuss the upcoming sword tournament on Mount Huang. On the way through Tianxin Valley, he happens upon the black-clad Dragon Maiden Bai Qingqing, and the two gradually fall for each other. Purple Lightning and Green Frost are the names of two ancient treasured swords. It is said that Sun Quan, ruler of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, possessed six treasured swords, two of which were called Pu —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 54 The Immortal Dynasty 仙朝 “The sunset over Yingdu is the most beautiful sight in all the world.” “Too bad I’ll never see it again.” Gu Min smiled as he gazed at the morning glow and said softly, “The great edifice has fallen. I have faded into the crowd.” 91Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 55 The Immortal Sword Venerable 不死剑尊 A mysterious finger bone unveils the eternal legend of a mysterious youth! Was I the one who killed the Nine Primordial Ancestors? Are the Five Emperors of the Four Directions all my lackeys? Am I the one who united the Five Sacred Arts of alchemy, swordsmanship, forging, talismans, and formations? Was it also me who slew a divine dragon with one sword, shattered the firmament with a roar, captivated a city with a gesture, and toppled a kingdom with a flick of my finger? None of that is impressi 2.6kReads8.4Score27914d adds
- 56 I Slay the Cold Moon in the Mortal Realm 我在人间斩冷月 Remember this world of spirits. Divine weapons are everywhere, and there are countless arts and spells. But only the divine will of humanity is the most powerful and sharpest weapon in the world. It can silence the gods and cleave the cold moon high in the heavens. 30Reads—Score—14d adds
- 57 The Swordplay Legend of a Free-Range Youth 放养少年的剑道传奇 Lin Feng was born in a humble mountain village. He thought the greatest upheaval in his life would be protecting the cool, moonlike woman by his side. Then powerful enemies descended, and with death moments away, the power sleeping within him suddenly awakened. He learned of the Profound Dao and heard of the Sword Domain for the first time. Only then did he discover that he was the only son of the ruler of a sword domain stretching across millions of miles and the sect master of the Myriad Sword 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 58 Asura Blade 修罗刀 He was the Asura Blade, ranked first on the Tianya List, but he withdrew from the world for ten years! He was the Beggars' Sect leader, renowned throughout the land, yet burdened by a blood feud! She was the eldest daughter of the greatest sect under heaven, yet could not have the one she loved! She was raised by her adoptive family for ten years, only to fall in love with the one person she should never have loved! Fate brought them together, but destiny played cruel tricks on them. Someone onc 33Reads—Score—14d adds
- 59 The Floating Chronicles 浮沧录 To the north lies Great Wei, and to the south, Qi and Liang. Western Xia and the eastern passes stretch far and wide, while the southern seas and northern plains sprawl across the land. Within the four seas, all is the martial world. It is only because the young prince, afflicted with a fatal congenital illness, heads north in search of immortality. And so, the martial world is thrown into turmoil. 17Reads7.8Score—14d adds
- 60 Something’s Off About My Sword Spirit 我的剑灵不对劲 Beyond the Nine Heavens, swords ring long; ten thousand miles of rivers and mountains shine with blood. Jade shatters on Kun Mountain, yet the night endures; a cold star falls, its shadow crossing the empty corridor. The phoenix soars to the heavens, burning old vows; dreams return to bygone days to cut down fated calamities. Love and vengeance cross blades, their chill piercing as frost; affection and hatred intertwine, their flames burning on. The white-robed minister Sikong Yi; a purple jade —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 61 The Mad Beggar's Heir: The Whole Martial World Kneels When He Draws His Blade 疯丐传人！拔刀那刻全江湖跪了 [Classic Wuxia | Play the Pig to Eat the Tiger | Decisive and Ruthless | Vengeance and Passion] On a snowy night at Yan Pass, a broad blade smashed through the door of a family home. His sworn father died in the snow, and his childhood sweetheart fell in a pool of blood. Xiao Yunfan, a young man from a border town, carried the forbidden book The Mysterious Strategy of Mountains and Rivers, powerful enough to overthrow a dynasty, and was forced into the deadly struggle between the imperial court 2.9kReads7.5Score42214d adds
- 62 The Lost Sword of Cangming 沧溟遗剑 When heaven and earth first took shape and chaos began, the gods ascended, leaving five spirit swords behind in the mortal world. Now one of them has emerged, throwing the world into turmoil. Immortal cultivators, righteous heroes, and countless sects have all been swept up in the upheaval. Yet the sword’s wielder is a white-robed young man, not even twenty, who was born a beggar... [Traditional xianxia, alternate history, swordsmanship, no System, with martial-world rivalries and court intrigue 2Reads—Score—14d adds
- 63 Wuxia Crossover: The Azure Dragon Saber 综武：青龙刀 Reborn in a world of martial arts, he bears a mission System and has guarded Qinglong Town for twelve years, his body covered in battle scars. He wanders through the mortal world, seeking the path back to his true self. The road is strewn with desolation and worldly turmoil. With a long saber sweeping through the air, he cleaves apart every enemy in the world! 250Reads6.4Score—14d adds
- 64 The Sword Immortal’s Poetry Lies in Wine 剑仙诗在酒 Li Qingxi stretched and yawned. “Dad, I want to see the martial world, to see all the romance and beauty of life, climb Kunlun Mountain, see the Qiantang River tides, see...” “We’re broke. You’re not going anywhere,” his father said, sounding a little angry. Li Qingxi first offered incense to his mother, then knelt and kowtowed. “Mother, today your son is setting out to roam the martial world on horseback. Please watch over me along the way. I’ll only be gone for a year or so.” A sudden breeze b 861Reads—Score10014d adds
- 65 It All Begins with the Sword Immortal System 一切从剑仙系统开始 Lu Ming obtains a Sword Immortal System. With it, he carves out a path to the supreme, razor-sharp Sword Dao in a dazzling world. 152Reads5.5Score—14d adds
- 66 Poisonous Chain 毒连环 [For Readers Who Finished Gu Long and Want to Read Huang Ying] [The Great Illusory Heaven Tales: Poisonous Chain] A new-school wuxia novel: In “Poisonous Chain,” Jin Manlou poisoned Shui Guanyin, and Shui Guanyin poisoned Hu Xiang. But Hu Xiang did not poison Jin Manlou. It was Liu Sanfeng who poisoned Jin Manlou. The chain of poison was broken because Liu Sanfeng was one link too many. Nothing that coincidental has ever happened in this world. Perhaps it will one day. Who knows? 19Reads9.3Score—14d adds
- 67 The Sword Immortal Son-in-Law: My Wife Is Strange! 剑仙赘婿，我家娘子有古怪！ (Swordsmanship, invincible lead, one heroine, no melodrama, logical, decisive and ruthless!) A single Taixu Immortal Sword brings Qin Yan to a cultivation world overrun by demons. From the start, he becomes Qin Buyan, the live-in son-in-law in a ghost marriage at the Northern Frontier Marquis's estate of the Great Yu Dynasty! But Qin Buyan soon realizes that something is off about the people in the Northern Frontier Marquis's estate! His elder sister-in-law was born with a bewitching charm. Eve 39Reads6.1Score—14d adds
- 68 The Sword Comes from Righteousness: Carving Bold Words into the Great Wall 剑自浩然来：我在长城刻猛字 My new work is out! You can find it on Tomato Novel. I hope you’ll enjoy it. Your support motivates me to write, and I’ll do my best to tell every story well! 222Reads—Score—14d adds
- 69 Sword That Outshines the Nine Heavens 剑绝九天 [Straightforward and decisive, ruthless, swordsmanship, reincarnation, secretly satisfying, the blurb doesn't do it justice, read the story] Somewhere in the stars... at the border between humans and demons... the Five Great Demon Emperor Venerables stared gravely at the white-robed man before them... because... he was so, so, so strong... Behind the white-robed man... a peerlessly graceful figure sat cross-legged with her eyes closed, her aura rising and falling... Soon, the great battle began. 10.8kReads8.9Score1.2k14d adds
- 70 Apocalypse: I Cultivate the Great Dao, While Heaven’s Way Is but an Ant 末世：我修大道，天道蝼蚁 The apocalypse is drawing near, and a virtual online game called The Myriad Heavens has officially launched! Protagonist Ye Chen returns reborn, wielding the Three Thousand Great Daos and slaying his way through the Myriad Worlds! Rebirth rewards: Primordial Supreme Body, Primordial Pearl Spiritual root: World Tree Body cultivation: temper the body with Primordial Supreme Bones Golden Core: fuse the Primordial Pearl into the Golden Core Nascent Soul: fuse the Three Lives Stone into the Nascent S 35Reads—Score—14d adds
- 71 I Wield a Sword That Can Seal the Heavens 我有一剑，可封天 [No System] [Swordsmanship Prodigy] [Fired-Up] [Decisive and Ruthless] His flesh and blood kin turned to a mound of yellow earth. How cruel is heaven, how cold? Cursed by the heavens, this young man set foot on the path to immortality. How hard would it be? So what if it was? Slay demons, purge evil spirits, become a supreme being! Live forever! Defy yin and yang, seize creation, bring order to the universe! Never grow old! Roam across ten thousand miles of mountains and rivers, his sword sweepi 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 72 Beauty Like Jade, Sword Like a Rainbow 美人似玉剑如虹 This is the story of a young man accidentally drawn into the martial world, who resolves to wipe out every evil under heaven. In an age of chaos, the youth heads north with his sword, quelling the flames of war across the northern lands. He returns to the martial world, traveling the roads of heroism with a beautiful companion and leaving countless tales behind. There are perilous battles, the distant reaches of the martial world, and the treachery of the imperial court. Waves of turmoil crash o 2Reads—Score—14d adds
- 73 Lord of the Ninefold Spirit Sword 九灵剑主 [Classic fantasy] [Passionate] [No System] [No heroine] Young Zhao Lin was once full of ambition, but at the height of his glory, his brothers betrayed him. His cultivation plummeted, and he hit rock bottom. Yet fate had not abandoned him. A mysterious cultivation art he acquired by chance as a child, the Nine Spirits Limitless Sword Body, became the key to his rebirth through the flames. With its help, Zhao Lin rekindles his fighting spirit, soars to new heights, and embarks on a path filled wi 94Reads—Score—14d adds
- 74 Martial Sects: This Man Knows No Bounds 宗武：此人无法无天 My new work is here! You can read it on Tomato Novel. I hope you enjoy it. Your support motivates me to write, and I’ll do my best to tell every story well! —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 75 Don't Call Me a Madman, Call Me a Hero 别叫我疯子，叫我英雄 Bounty hunters! Martial arts! Working late alone one night, he heard footsteps drawing closer over the phone. By the next day, he had vanished. Yue Shan was an ordinary tenant, yet he was plagued by eerie knocks at the door and the rise of a blood moon. A policewoman even warned him, “Don't go out after dark.” After dying nine times, a biological chip was implanted in his body, allowing him to freely enter and leave “horror novel worlds invading reality.” From then on, he ventured into one pe 10Reads—Score—14d adds
- 76 Yunxi Sword Sect 云溪剑派 My new work is out! Come read it on Tomato Novel. I hope you'll enjoy it. Your support inspires me to write, and I'll do my best to tell every story well! 48Reads—Score—14d adds
- 77 The Sword Heart Knows No Bounds 剑心无际 No harem, decisive action, invincible but not mindless, devoted without getting entangled in romance, killing to stop killing: a thrilling, high-octane tale. The black coffins appear, and a great age begins. Eight black coffins emerge one after another. The Spirit Martial Continent is plunged into turmoil. Geniuses spring up everywhere and gather on the Heavenly Road, competing for that sliver of hope of ascending to immortality. “Three-foot Su in a square inch.” These words are embroidered on h 121Reads—Score—14d adds
- 78 I Have a Sword: Reaching the Pinnacle of Swordsmanship with Three Swords 我有一剑：三剑之下问鼎剑道巅峰 A fanfiction of I Have a Sword A fantasy world of swordsmanship, with a sword path that can rival the Three Swords! Set after the events of I Have a Sword The original characters stay true to themselves, and the source material is respected Unofficial fanfiction, for fans to share and discuss 6.4kReads7.7Score47114d adds
- 79 The Martial World Has Been Peaceful Too Long, So I Came with Twin Blades 武林平静太久，我持双刀而来 (No System, one heroine, not brainless, humorous style) Also known as Double Blades Six years ago, a swordsman appeared out of nowhere and swept through the martial world with a single blade. His final strike cleaved the signboard of Heavenly Sword Manor in two. At just nineteen, he challenged Baili Chengfeng, the manor's master, for the title of the greatest under heaven. No outcome was ever announced, but the swordsman vanished from the martial world soon afterward. The martial world buzzed wi 267Reads5.9Score—14d adds
- 80 A Pillow Between Mountains and Rivers 一枕山河 Twelve years ago, Su Xuan was a young hero from the prestigious Zhengyang Palace. He and Princess Ruan Jingyan of Langya fell deeply in love in the face of certain death... But then the world turned treacherous overnight. The once-beloved prodigy became a madman who drifted between lucidity and delirium. Forced to part with the one he loved, he was hunted by everyone under heaven and vanished from the martial world... Twelve years later, his beloved disciple Su Yunluo painstakingly gathered all 961Reads8.9Score10114d adds
- 81 The Invincible Sword Soul 无敌剑魂 Heaven has nine levels, people undergo nine transformations, and the sword has nine hearts! A mighty emperor dies a tragic death, carrying the Nine Supreme Swords as he lays waste to the myriad heavens! Now that I have been born, I shall sweep the world clean with my sword. The Nine Supreme Swords emerge, heaven and earth fall into chaos, the Primordial Art awakens, and love becomes unparalleled! 71Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 82 The Greatest Bandit in the Martial World 江湖第一大盗 “Why do you keep staring at me?” “Y-you really look like this? You’re so beautiful.” “How beautiful?” “You’re the most beautiful girl I’ve ever seen in this world.” “Wait, apart from me, how many girls have you seen?” “Just you.” It was the first time in her life that a man had told her she was the most beautiful girl he had ever seen. Well, at least she was the only girl he had ever seen. 138Reads8.7Score—14d adds
- 83 A Wandering Swordsman with a Heavy Heart, Who Cuts People Down at the Drop of a Hat 江湖浪子心事重一言不合就砍人 A traditional wuxia tale, with no System and no golden finger. Just a young man, a broken blade left behind, a blood feud, a truth he desperately seeks, and a secret that will rock the martial world… 1Reads—Score114d adds
- 84 Sword Emperor 剑帝 On the Jiuzhou Continent, countless races stand alongside one another, and prodigies abound. Legend has it that cultivators of profound mastery can move mountains, fill seas, and hold the sun and moon in their hands. Thanks to a mysterious sword case, the young Sun Bing spends ten years honing a single sword. From then on, he reveals his brilliance, wielding a three-foot sword as he defeats countless prodigies. —Reads8.1Score—14d adds
- 85 Sole Sovereign Under the Azure Sky 青天独尊 [Xuanhuan] [Swordsmanship] [Transmigration] [Immortal Emperor] [Underdog Comeback] [Invincible] [Overprotective Brother Fanatic] Ye Anning, a factory worker who dies suddenly, transmigrates into the body of the Ye family’s useless second son. From the start, all his meridians are shattered. That very night, he’s hunted down and falls off a cliff, on the brink of death. Then a man who has lived for a million years opens his eyes in Ye Anning’s sea of consciousness. “Boy, you’re in luck. You posse 12Reads—Score—14d adds
- 86 The River Mist Drifts, the River Grass Grows Thick 江雨霏霏江草齐 [Ensemble Cast] [Immortals and Demons] [Usurper] Crane and swallow, the Eight Formation Diagram shifts the floating mountain; demonic miasma marches through the northern wilderness. (The gardenias fall, and the mortal world beckons. Thirty springs have passed; old friends keep their promise. Wind stirs along the purple road, and the moon shines full in heaven’s heart. Cranes and swallows come to protect the holy maiden. The Eight Formation Diagram shifts the floating mountain. The four immortal —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 87 Chronicles of Swords and Storms in the Jianghu 剑行江湖风雨录 (A traditional, purely classical wuxia story + romance + thrilling revenge + feuds and grudges + love and hate + criminal investigations + treasure hunting) (This is not a fictional setting. It takes place during the Tianqi era of the Ming dynasty. The platform automatically added the “alternate history” tag after the contract was signed.) Someone once asked: What is the jianghu? What is The Record of Wind and Rain? The jianghu is wherever people are. Where there are people, there are feuds and 107Reads—Score—14d adds
- 88 Sword Sovereign: Starting with Shattered Bones 剑尊，从碎骨开始 The day his Sword Bone was stolen, he inherited the mightiest sword path of ancient times in the Abyss of Despair, along with the most vicious curse. Those who killed him feared not revenge, but what he himself might become. When the truth behind the annihilation of the Nine Heavens is revealed, he faces every “arrangement” with sword in hand Is he the sword that will sever fate, or the “cause” that will bring about the end? —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 89 Ferry You to Life 渡予生 [Court Politics + Martial World + Mystery Solving + Ensemble Cast] A peerless genius swordsman falls from grace overnight, branded with disgrace as his old friends meet tragic ends. Seven years later, he hides his identity and seeks the Way to break free of his obsessions. Drawn unwittingly into the affairs of the past, he is thrust back into the game, with a storm brewing on the horizon. Some hope he will go mad; others beg him for immortality. Amid the tangled fog, what is the truth... A beaut 799Reads8.3Score13614d adds
- 90 When the Blood Shadow Appears, Nothing Is Left Alive 血影一出，鸡犬不留 (Wuxia) (No System) (No Golden Finger) (Coming of Age) The Blood Shadow Sect, where protagonist Zhu Rui lives, was wiped out by a mysterious enemy three years ago. The Blood Shadow Ancestor led a few young disciples into hiding on Wulong Mountain. During a trip down the mountain to compete for the inner core of an Aoyin beast, they accidentally gave away their whereabouts. From then on, they were hunted throughout the jianghu! How will Zhu Rui save himself? And how will he unravel the layers of 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 91 The Ninefold Profound Meridian, A Sword Chilling the Heavens 九绝玄脉剑惊寒 Born with the Nine Absolute Profound Meridians and nine naturally sealed apertures, he is dismissed as the family good-for-nothing and subjected to endless scorn and bullying. By chance, he discovers a mysterious sword embryo and a tattered ancient scroll in a hidden compartment in the ancestral shrine. Just then, heaven and earth undergo a strange upheaval. Blood-red laws descend, and the rules of another world quietly begin to erode the human realm. Betrayed by his family, he is treated by the 26Reads—Score—14d adds
- 92 Sword Heart Clarity from the Start 开局剑心通明 One person ventures alone into the North Sea, their sword’s cold gleam reaching across nineteen continents. Another sits in meditation beneath a Bodhi tree until withered, Buddha’s light shining everywhere as golden lotuses spring from the earth. Some dwell among the clouds from dawn to dusk, riding dragons into the azure sky. Others fly into a rage for the sake of a beauty, wielding their blades to shatter the nine heavens. This is a magnificent age of upheaval. A young man enters the world wit 3.1kReads8.4Score17014d adds
- 93 Chang'an of Swords and Books 书剑长安 Two years ago, Mo Tingyu set off for the northern lands with his blade in hand. Two years later, Su Chang'an marched toward Chang'an with his army. Heaven and earth are vast, and all living beings are but specks of dust. The jianghu is a deep and dangerous place, where every step can wound the heart. Blood stains the scabbard; I slay hordes of demons. As long as I draw breath, I will not fall. With lofty ambition, I challenge the Way of Heaven. The jianghu road is where I roam free. I sing wildl 140Reads8.8Score—14d adds
- 94 One Person, One Sword, Braving the World 一人一剑勇闯天涯 Demons and monsters run rampant in the human world. To change the fate of humanity, Li Xiaoyao heads to Sword Gate to learn swordsmanship. He fuses the world’s divine techniques and opens the path to invincibility with forbidden arts. One sword to slay the heavens. The blurb can’t do it justice. Read the story for yourself. 2.1kReads8.2Score11714d adds
- 95 Wuxia Crossover: Roaming the Five Realms, Singing Wildly Beneath the Nine Heavens 综武江湖纵横五域狂歌踏九天 The Laugh-Out-Loud Jianghu: Five Realms, Wild Songs, and a Journey to the Ninth Heaven follows a hilarious martial world, bringing together righteous and wicked characters such as Li Xunhuan, Bu Jingyun, and Cheng Shifei. Their merry adventure begins when they first meet at a tavern in Luoyang: - Li Xunhuan uses his flying daggers to pop open a wine gourd, while Bu Jingyun chops people down only to be… Cheng Shifei sneaks wine and causes one mishap after another. The contrast with their usually 15Reads—Score—14d adds
- 96 Great Solitary Peak 大孤峰 In court or in the jianghu, every injustice in this world can be settled with a single sword. If one strike isn't enough, then a hundred more, until nothing remains before me. Three million sword immortals fill the heavens, yet even they must bow their heads before me! 1.3kReads6.7Score10914d adds
- 97 Xuanhuan: From Down-and-Out Jianghu Wanderer to Traveling Escort 玄幻：从落魄江湖，走马镖客开始 [No System + Passionate + Smart Protagonist + No Harem + The Author Has Already Written a Million Words, So You Can Trust Them] Li Changshou accidentally transmigrates to an unfamiliar world. In a small border town, he struggles to make a living. Born into troubled times, his greatest dream is to save enough money to open an escort agency and enjoy a cozy life with his wife and children. But then, while escorting a shipment, he encounters a mysterious, powerful woman, followed by a down-and-out 76Reads9.2Score—14d adds
- 98 The Mortal World of the Jianghu 红尘江湖 The young man enters the martial world alone, surviving countless trials by the skin of his teeth. He seeks neither glory nor riches! He knows not how high the sky is or how deep the earth runs. For her, what does it matter if he forsakes the world? What does it matter if the whole world turns against him? He doesn’t care about any of it. Years later, someone asked him why he had entered the martial world. He answered with just six words: “Only to keep her safe...” 17Reads7.0Score—14d adds
- 99 The Swordsman’s Shadow, the Sword’s Radiance 侠影剑明 The jianghu is a vast and profound realm. It is more than simple fighting and killing. It is a proving ground for the human heart, a grueling contest between conviction and desire. In the jianghu, glory can crumble in an instant, and empty fame is like a bubble, vanishing with the wind. A true hero does not walk a path strewn with flowers, but holds fast to the scales of justice even in the dark. The jianghu seems free, yet its shackles are real; everyone is penned in by the fences of rules an —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 100 We Sword Cultivators Do Whatever We Please 我辈剑修，修的便是为所欲为 The Heavenly Demon descends, and spiritual energy is corrupted. The end of the Age of Dharma, the apocalypse of cultivation. The four great families of Qinglian City: the Li, Zhao, Liu, and Wang families. Li Jianxuan of the Li family possesses the Formless Sword Body, but is deceived by Liu Ruyan of the Liu family. Liu Ruyan conspires with Zhao Xingchen of the Zhao family, who possesses the Star Sword Body. Before the Heavenly Demon descended, Li Jianxuan stole the Li family’s ancestral tre 1Reads—Score—14d adds
