Novels like Reborn in Panlong
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as Reborn in Panlong, best match first.
- 51 The Reaper Returns Through Devouring 吞噬之死神归来 This is a power fantasy that fully transfers the abilities of Yun Feng, the protagonist of Sands and Running Water's A Legend of the Interstellar Reaper, into Tomato's Swallowed Star. Just read it for fun, and don't get hung up on whether the plot follows Swallowed Star closely. 100Reads—Score—14d adds
- 52 The Weakest Spirit Tamer's Forbidden Daily Life at an All-Girls' School 最弱精灵使的女校禁忌日常 Genre: [Sword and sorcery · Anime-inspired · School romance · Comedy and everyday life · Light novel · No System] Main character archetypes: [Tsundere · Airheaded · Loli] A boy makes a contract with a low-ranking spirit and becomes a spirit mage, the “weakest” of them all. In a world that worships strength, where almost everyone admires the strong, he is met with nothing but cold stares and contempt. Until he meets her, the strongest of all. “Hey, did you know? There’s another kind of miracle in —Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 53 The Great War of the Novro Continent 诺夫罗大陆鏖战记 The world condemns the love between the male protagonist, Nian Hao, and the female protagonist, Yao Luoxuan, who are seventeen years apart in age. After a long, painful love affair, Nian Hao eventually dies of illness in Yao Luoxuan's arms, only to be unexpectedly reborn on the continent of Novro. Because of its unique environment and abundant resources, Novro is under attack by an allied force assembled by Earth. Determined to find Nian Hao after his rebirth, Yao Luoxuan allows herself to be us —Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 54 A Wizard Begins with Infinite Mana 巫师从无限魔力开始 [Invincible protagonist + System + stat screen + magic] Turned into a sacrifice and locked in a cage, he soon gained his memories and his cheat ability... When a wizard has [Infinite Mana]: Your troops are constantly perishing, while my magic and summons are endless. When absorbing magical items allows [Deep Development]: From [Fireball] to [Falling Sun], from [Spell Shield] to [Eternal Void Fortress]! When false gods tear open the void and descend upon the mortal realm. They see a black army fo 473Reads6.0Score—14d adds
- 55 Reincarnated as a Goblin in Another World 转生哥布林异世界 Yuuichi, a shut-in who died after staying up all night gaming, is reborn as a weak goblin. By a twist of fate, he gains a path to evolve into the Goblin Sage King. Along the way, he meets all kinds of monster-girl companions: elves, cat demons, dragon girls, and more. He also encounters hostile visitors from another world. On this continent ruled by knights and magic, invasions by monsters and outer gods are a frequent occurrence. Can he lead the monster girls and survive the siege of the empire 223Reads—Score—14d adds
- 56 I'm Really a Mage, I Just Don't Have Much Mana 我真的是法师，只是法力不太够用 Lin Ye was reborn on the Arcane Continent, where magic reigned supreme. He had just one goal in life: to become a proper archmage who could cast forbidden spells. Who could have expected that from the start, he would be bound to an absurd System? He had zero elemental affinity and was born with an innate rejection of the elements, leaving his mana nearly locked away. Yet his resistance to every type of magic and his physical strength were both maxed out! Others spend ten years painstakingly lear —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 57 A Chaotic Clash of Superpowers and Magic: Travels Through the Sky 神通魔法大乱斗：天空游记 In the tenth century on Earth, a powerful little kingdom rose in Northern Europe: the Kingdom of Solveig. Thanks to a seven-sided diamond left by their ancestors, containing a magical sun, the land became as warm and fertile as the tropics. This naturally drew the covetous attention of neighboring powers. To defend their homeland, the prince and princess were trained from childhood to become exceptional mages and wielders of supernatural abilities. For the future of their country, they set out i 2Reads—Score—14d adds
- 58 Reincarnated in Another World, I Set Out to Explore the Globe 转生到异世界就去游历全球 [Japanese-Style Western Fantasy] + [Japanese-Style Light Novel] + [Richly Developed World] + [Slow-Burn Classic Adventure] + [Multiple Heroines] Slow burn! Slow burn! Slow burn! A geography education student transmigrates to another world of swords and magic! How will twenty years of experience and wisdom help him survive? Is his mysterious power a “cheat,” or is there something more to it!? A geographer measures the world with his own two feet, travels across the globe in another world, meets t 37Reads—Score—14d adds
- 59 Aden I: Child of the Forest 亚丁I森林之子 The old gods will awaken from the ruins, and new gods will be born amid the chaos. Perhaps it is the symphony of destiny being played, perhaps the gears of power turning, perhaps dazzling magic about to take the stage. Machinery, explosions, alchemy, war, destruction; gods, runes, spells, corruption, monsters... What kind of world is this? Or perhaps this is the story of a seeker of revenge. 12Reads—Score—14d adds
- 60 Battle-Axe and Throne 战斧与王座 [No System + low-magic world with multiple races + farming + conquest] “Why should the barbarians have to go hungry?” With memories of his past life, Kaier Whitewolf refuses to accept that. “What? You say we can’t? Then I’ll make my point with the barbarians’ giant axes!” 92Reads7.1Score—14d adds
- 61 Western Fantasy: I Become a Cultist in Another World 西幻：我在异界当邪教徒 [Villain] [Western Fantasy] [One Female Lead] [Slow Burn] [Unusual] [People First] [Human Resources] [If you have a hard time handling dark themes, maybe skip this. The author was feeling down and wrote a couple of chapters to vent] That day, a gate wreathed in flames opened above the corpse of a once-prosperous city… As blood and fire seeped into the earth and made demons beat their war drums, before the curtain rose on the Second Hell War, mortals, there is no need to panic just yet. On the bl 20Reads—Score—14d adds
- 62 They Told You to Become a Hero, but You Chose to Give Up! 让你成为勇者，你选择直接摆烂！ Also known as The Rebooted Life of the Heroic Light Priest, The Rise to Fame of the Heroic Light Priest, and The Demon Lord Was the One Who Saved My Life Su Can was a happy homebody, sipping ice-cold cola, scrolling through pretty girls, and keeping a stack of tissues by his bed. Life couldn’t get any better. Then he was summoned to another world and became one of the Four Heroes, the Priest Hero. Eager to get home as soon as possible, he dutifully did his job. But after sealing the Demon Lord, 26Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 63 Life Is No Easy Ride in Another World 异世界不好平躺 This is not a power fantasy. It is dark fantasy, a world of despair built around the game Dark Souls. Every step the protagonist takes leads him further down an endless abyss. The story is told primarily in a Western style. Every character exists to serve the story, and even the protagonist is little more than a tool. 44Reads—Score—14d adds
- 64 Lord: I Can Spot High-Quality Talent 领主：我能看见高质量人才 After transmigrating into a world of swords and magic, the protagonist, Mu Liuyun, started out as a commoner. Unfortunately, just as he arrived, goblins attacked. With no other choice, he charged in with a wooden staff and spear. After finally managing to kill a goblin through sheer hardship, Mu Liuyun awakened the perk every transmigrator dreamed of: a System. With the System in hand, the protagonist took off, recruiting talented people, winning beautiful women, and claiming territory. When Mu 17Reads—Score—14d adds
- 65 I Transmigrated! And Somehow Found My Missing Dad! 穿越！居然找到了失踪的老爸！ [Original: Japanese-Style Fantasy + Expansive Worldbuilding + Comedy and Adventure + High-Octane Battles + Political Intrigue and War + One Heroine] [In the vein of Sword of Dawn, Mercenaries of the World, The Proud Record of Extraordinary People, and Zichuan!] Feng Tang opens his eyes, only to find himself ten thousand meters above the ground! Have I transmigrated? And now this good-for-nothing is supposed to save the world? With a magic System at his side, he shatters everything people thought 13Reads8.0Score—14d adds
- 66 A Thousand Years: The Dragon's Magic 千年丶龙之魔法 [Adventure, combat, and fiery passion; not a mindless wish-fulfillment novel] A fantasy adventure in a world of swords and magic. There is a saying in this world: “Only dragon magic is the strongest magic.” Yet no dragons have appeared on the Camilla Continent for thousands of years, and only a handful of dragon spells have survived. The mystery of the dragons’ disappearance has yet to be solved. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 67 Ashen Knight: The Crimson Crusade 灰烬骑士之血色远征 Draped in the national flag, he was greeted by the cheers of thousands. But then, he fell. When he opened his eyes again, he found himself in a beautiful new world. A knight must forge ahead through every obstacle, even if humanity has no god of its own… even if we are nothing but pawns to the gods. Wield my blade, and trample mountains and rivers beneath your feet! This is the Age of Pioneering, and pioneers should have the spirit to match. If I am to become a god, then I’ll tear open the heave 2.2kReads8.0Score19114d adds
- 68 Beyond the Blade and the Sword 刀与剑的彼方 Told in the style of a light novel, this Western fantasy follows a series of adventures involving youth, swords, and magic on a fictional continent in an alternate history. The writing is lively and engaging, with interwoven plotlines and one thrilling climax after another. Its characters are vivid and richly developed. Though it is a fantasy story, it consistently conveys positive values of justice, courage, and faith. 1.1kReads8.1Score15014d adds
- 69 I'll Hang Every Last One of You from a Tree 我要把你们一个不剩的吊死在树上 My name is Yuan Ze. I like having choices, and my principle is to never regret them. On an ordinary day, a huge truck that seemed to have come from nowhere suddenly barged into his life and crushed him into a pulp with its wheels. But he didn’t die. He transmigrated to a perilous otherworld, and his adventure began. Dragons? Assassins? Goblins on his heels, a kingdom hunting him?! Hahahaha! You bastards think you can kill me? I’ll survive, reach the top of this world, and rip out every last one 14Reads—Score—14d adds
- 70 The Players Just Arrived, and the Demon Lord Has Already Won Over the Hero 玩家刚降临，勇者就被魔王攻略了 #DemonKing #Hero #Transmigrate #Reborn #Transformation #FourthCalamity Imagine two people from the same world, brought together by fate, with one becoming the Demon King and the other the Hero. It sounds like the standard opening of a transmigration novel, but wait, the story has only just begun. The transmigrated Demon King: He's no ordinary Demon King. He has the intelligence and strategic thinking of a modern person. He knows that according to the script, the Hero always defeats the Demon Kin 116Reads—Score—14d adds
- 71 Swallowed Star: Luo Feng Proves His Emperor's Way Through Slaughter 吞噬星空：罗峰以杀戮证帝道 [Swallowed Star fanfiction + Luo Feng’s decisive brutality + Never a doormat + Support System + Kill! Kill! Kill!] When Luo Feng stands at the summit of the Infinite Hunyuan Space, he bids farewell to his friends and family and resolutely steps into the unknown beyond Hunyuan, seeking the Dao and power that lie beyond all limits. An ancient ruin and a mysterious wormhole lead Luo Feng to a whole new world of higher dimensions: the “Origin-Returning Immortal Realm.” Here, being a Hunyuan Lord is 13Reads—Score—14d adds
- 72 Shrouding the Heavens: The Emperor's Son 遮天之帝子 After the Saints come the Great Emperors, right? What comes after the Great Emperors? And what does it mean to become an immortal? How can one become a Saint? By becoming one after the Primordial Era, like the human race, or by achieving it before the Primordial Era, like the ancient races? A path to sainthood through the Three Corpses: my Saint will rival a Great Emperor! Watch a shameless college student carve out a path to the heavens among the stars. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 73 A Noble’s Guide to Running Away: How to Become an Adventurer 贵族出逃指南：如何成功的冒险 [One heroine, romance that doesn't drag, original fantasy, not a beginner-friendly story, pure first-person Western fantasy, and it only gets better!] Charles Lawton did two stupid things. First, he broke off his engagement to his childhood sweetheart, forcing him to leave home in search of poetry and distant horizons. Second, he stole a magic stone from a princess whose kingdom had fallen. And now his adventuring party has become a complicated mess: a demi-human assassin with a questionable pas 226Reads—Score—14d adds
- 74 Reborn as a Villainous Princess, I Only Want to Farm 转生反派王女的我一心只想种地 [Western fantasy, everyday life, no System, villain, transmigration, gender-bending, mecha, magic, romance.] A note before you read: this isn't just about cuddling. They really do get married. After hitting my head and recovering the memories of my previous life, I discovered that I'd been reincarnated as a villainous princess. Huh? Wait a minute! Isn't this the world of that otome game for girls I played in my previous life? And I've become Ivette, the villainous princess who's supposed to obst 824Reads6.6Score—14d adds
- 75 A Mount & Blade Lord Carves His Way from Westeros to Calradia 骑砍领主从维斯特洛砍到卡拉迪亚 [Mount & Blade, no System, one female lead. The world resembles a massive composite Mount & Blade world mod, blending Warband, Game of Thrones, The Lord of the Rings, the continent of Pendor, With Fire and Sword, Warhammer Fantasy, and other Western fantasy worlds.] “In the tenth year of the Long Summer, the great Emperor led his people out of the Misty Mountains.” “As the prophecy foretold, he will defeat dragons, vanquish the Others, and overcome one enemy after another.” “He will free Westero —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 76 Swallowed Star: Bound to Luo Feng from the Start 吞噬星空：开局绑定罗峰 [A hit recommendation from Tomato Novel] 🔥 "Swallowed Star: Bound to Luo Feng from the Start, with a Civilization Legacy System"🔥 I transmigrated into Swallowed Star and became Lu Yin, Luo Feng’s best friend! I thought I could coast to victory with spoilers, but the System silenced me whenever the plot got important? Bound to the Civilization Spark System from the start, I unlock rune technology, reverse-engineer cultivation techniques, and refine divine medicines, but none of it gives me any co 13Reads—Score—14d adds
- 77 Shrouding the Heavens: The Creation Cultivation System 遮天之造化修炼系统 Supreme across the myriad worlds, I alone cover the heavens! A stirring song from the bloody road to the throne, a God-King worthy of song and tears, the peerless Ruthless Great Emperor... Looking back along the way, all that remains are mountains of withered bones. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 78 Soul Reaper: The Hunt 弑魂追猎 [Sword and Sorcery]+ [Revenge]+ [Magic, Fantasy, and Xuanhuan]+ [Demons] Lin Feng lost both his parents to monsters as a child. Eighteen years later, armed with outstanding swordsmanship, he uses a forbidden technique to tear a dragon apart with his bare hands and successfully takes his revenge. But he is tainted by demonic energy and gradually becomes a demon, uncovering an even greater conspiracy... He embarks on a winding journey of fantasy, magic, and adventure, encountering all manner of st 22Reads—Score—14d adds
- 79 The New Book by Luo Zhao Zhou Xiang 罗赵周向的新书 After being struck by lightning and sent to another world, Zhao Zilong regains his memories. How will he gradually build his own power in this unfamiliar realm, starting from nothing and slowly improving his cultivation through his extraordinary talent until he grows strong? Will he ever be able to return to Earth? Come witness his journey! 8Reads8.1Score—14d adds
- 80 How to Unlock Level Zero Magic 零级魔法打开方式 Western fantasy, where swords and magic coexist. An abandoned baby is raised by an old hunter. Goblins massacre the village, and the old man dies protecting him, leaving the settlement in ruins. The surviving boy shoulders a battle axe and sets out on an unknown journey. 5Reads—Score—14d adds
- 81 Realm of the Dark Night 暗夜之界 A young man came from the east. His name was Baili Xi. Odd and unpredictable, he had ended up in a barren land. Baili Xi of the Gougou Camp possessed the dark power of a devil, yet his heart held an angel's boundless kindness. A little girl asked him, “Are you a devil?” Baili Xi laughed and replied, “I'm an angel.” A wizard asked him, “Are you an angel?” Baili Xi replied coldly, “I'm a devil.” 11Reads—Score—14d adds
- 82 The Tormented Life of the Demon King's Servant 恶魔之王的眷属痛苦生活 Immortality + Western fantasy + native inhabitants + no System + no transmigration This is not a power fantasy. Please keep that in mind before reading. Magic is fantasy, a matter of emotion. It fills the hypocritical human mind. Technology is reality, a matter of reason. It fills human flesh and blood, forging them into steel wings. Magic and technology intertwine, playing a different kind of fantasia. An immortal demon lord’s servant, cursed to live forever, is willing to plunge into the twili 15Reads—Score—14d adds
- 83 Another World: My Noble Life Doesn't Feel Quite Right! 异世界：我的贵族生活不太对劲！ [Sword and Sorcery + Battles + Light Novel + Love Rival Showdowns + Daily Life] An office worker transmigrates into the body of a gifted young nobleman. What? There's a System, too? But my life in another world… isn't exactly ordinary… A yandere older sister, a tsundere younger sister, a teacher with a thing for little boys, a kind witch, an elf who likes handsome men, a daughter-obsessed dad, a mom who likes playing with whips… Something's wrong! My noble life isn't supposed to be like th 133Reads6.9Score1014d adds
- 84 From the Start, I Become Pope, and Every Faction Wants Me Dead 开局成教皇，各方势力都想我死 (The rating page has just opened, so the score will rise later.) When he wakes up, Anton has gone from an overworked office drone to the most privileged heir on the continent: the Holy Son of the Sacred Church. Knights clear the way when he goes out, servants taste his food for poison, and maids warm his bed. He holds power over the world, the perfect winner in life. Before he can even laugh out loud, his father pulls him over and says: “Son, your father might be dying.” And just like that, Anto 1.3kReads5.7Score13914d adds
- 85 A Permanent Resident of Another World, Getting Stronger with Every Sign-In 转生异界钉子户，签到就能变强 [Western fantasy] × [Eastern high martial arts, the Zhend an Empire] × [sign-in System] × [cultivation in another world] × [Stardew Valley-style farming] × [Arknights-style roguelike] × [Darkest Dungeon-style dungeons] The author's influences are incredibly varied. This story borrows a little bit of everything. Zhu Yu transmigrates to another world with the "Squatter Sign-In System" in hand, becoming the most unruly variable in the gods' game of chess. Here, dragons rule the mountain peaks, e 5Reads—Score—14d adds
- 86 The Mage with a Blade 带刀法师 This is a world where magic and battle aura shine side by side. Dick has a decent talent for magic, as well as the rare Seven-Star bloodline. Should he focus on practicing magic or battle aura? Dick figures he might as well train in both and see which one is stronger. He can make that his focus. Staying alive comes first, after all. 5.7kReads8.2Score53314d adds
- 87 In Another World, Even a Chuunibyou Can Become a Sword Saint 异世界之中二病也要当剑圣 Li Wei transmigrates into the body of a dim-witted young son of a declining lord in another world. The son regains his senses, and the lord excitedly tests his talent. Wow, a golden legend! No, no, no! He has innate full soul power! Though the boy has innate full soul power, he refuses to study magic no matter what. He stubbornly insists on practicing martial arts and is determined to become a Sword Saint! Well, basically the greatest swordsman on the continent! Li Wei thinks: What the hell do y 364Reads8.1Score—14d adds
- 88 I Crowdfunded an Empire in Another World 我在异世界众筹一个帝国 “Maybe we could build a nation here.” As Xia Lan Ogulos spoke, a motley crowd watched him plant the Black Sea Dragon Banner on the island of Boravis, still untouched wilderness. No one believed an empire could rise there. The wind rose over the Emerald Plains, Stirring the Black Sea Dragon Banner, Filling the white sails. Listen! The distant battle song rings out once more, And fallen heroes lift their heads. The storm is coming, The storm is coming. All glory will begin anew in the heart of the 209Reads7.4Score—14d adds
- 89 A Mortal's Magical Legend 凡人的魔法传奇 This is not a power fantasy! This is not a power fantasy! This is not a power fantasy! This is a slow-burn story that starts with setbacks before turning triumphant, with a focus on plot development. The protagonist is a university graduate who transmigrates to a world of magic. With no golden finger, no System, and no talent, he relies on his own understanding of magic to forge an unconventional path. Yet people repeatedly covet what he has, dragging him into one conflict after another. From a 459Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 90 Reincarnated as a Dragon, I Awakened My Ancestral Bloodline 转生巨龙种的我发生了血脉返祖 [Dragons + Western Fantasy + Wizards + Slow-Paced + Lighthearted + Five-Color Dragons + No System] A human soul was reborn inside a dragon egg and inherited the true name unique to dragonkind, awakening the Dragon's True Name: Augustus Pandora Chronos. Augustus soon discovered that his circumstances after hatching weren't great. He had no dragon mother, and to make matters worse, he was stranded in an icy wasteland whose nature was the opposite of his own. Two other hatchlings had emerged alongs 80Reads9.1Score—14d adds
- 91 Swallowed Star: The Evil-Fire Phoenix 吞噬星空之邪火凤凰 A new work is here! Welcome to read my story on Tomato Novel. I hope you enjoy it. Your support is what keeps me writing, and I'll do my best to tell every story well! 5Reads—Score—14d adds
- 92 Mlie Continent 姆咧大陆 On the continent of Muli, five great races coexist and hold sway. Over the ages, the kings of each race have gradually united their people and established their own homes on this magnificent new continent. As their power grew ever stronger, a king of the demons in another world sensed a faint ripple of energy from beyond. It set his blood racing. Born to crave battle and slaughter, he pursued the source of that energy without cease. Following its faint trace, he finally found a barrier leading t 2Reads—Score—14d adds
- 93 Wizard: I Have More Auras Than You Have Spells 巫师：我的光环比你法术还多 The Wizarding World is full of danger and strange mysteries. But here, endless paths lie open for you to choose from. As long as you have talent and can bring benefits to the Wizarding World, no one cares where you came from. As long as you possess knowledge I don't, who cares if you're an Old God or a foreign race? The young man who transmigrated here carries an infinite-aura System as he wages war across the heavens for the Wizarding World, conquers endless civilizations, and ultimately become 86Reads7.4Score10314d adds
- 94 The Wolf Pack of Sarlaf 萨尔拉夫的狼群 The story of an atheist who likes beast-eared girls, gets taken to another world by a deity after dying, and is put to work advancing technology and developing farmland while helping that deity reclaim the divine throne. What kind of story will this odd pair create, given their ideological differences and opposing beliefs? 87Reads8.6Score1014d adds
- 95 Perfect World: The Fall of an Emperor 完美世界：帝落 In the distant Era of Emperor's Fall, one cultivator shone across an entire age, swept aside every foe, and claimed the supreme throne of Emperor. Alone, he crossed the boundless Boundary Sea, seeking to quell the Dark Turmoil. 19Reads—Score—14d adds
- 96 Western Fantasy: The System Actually Wants Me to Pay for Everything 西幻：系统竟要我倒贴 Transmigration · Western Fantasy · Anti-System · Comedy · Adventure · Laid-Back Daily Life · Beast-Eared Girls (This novel is a slow burn, so please stick with it through the first five chapters.) “What do you mean I have three days to turn in the prize I drew?” The newly transmigrated young man, who had given up on trying, stared at his System in bewilderment. Other people’s Systems gave them divine gear, spirit pets, beauties, and pills just for checking in. So why was everything different for 561Reads7.3Score10214d adds
- 97 Warcraft: Conquering Another World 魔兽争霸异界纵横 Modern college student Xiao Yu transmigrates to another world and becomes the lord of a territory. He vows to rebuild his family’s fortunes, develop his lands, crush everyone who dares covet them, and rule the world! 116Reads8.7Score—14d adds
- 98 The Legendary Lord of Another World 异世界的传奇领主 [Western fantasy + magic and battle aura + lord + slow burn + multiple heroines +++] The story starts at a slower pace as the world and its background details are gradually introduced. But you can count on a satisfying ride from start to finish: no tormenting the protagonist, plenty of passion and exciting moments, and even some lovey-dovey romance (cue the wry grin). 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 99 Coiling Dragon: I Transcend It All 盘龙：我自超脱 The protagonist transmigrates to the Coiling Dragon World; His soul becomes imbued with the laws of time and space; He combines the eleven systems of laws in the Coiling Dragon Universe and reaches Paragon; He forges a brand-new Hongmeng Golden Ranking through his own efforts; He sets out on the true Path of Transcendence; 30Reads—Score—14d adds
- 100 The Extraordinary Hunter 非常猎人 Warrior: “Cook is scum! He actually uses traps, and magical traps at that.” Archer: “Cook is the most underhanded guy around. Have you ever seen a hunter stand in front while his pet sneaks up from behind?” Rogue: “Good grief, you mean that bastard Cook? He ambushed me last time. His throwing knives are more accurate than mine! Do you know that bastard?” Mage: “That damn Cook let his pet crawl right inside my underwear! If I ever see him again, he's dead!” Alchemist: “He's a genius. I've never s 2kReads7.7Score22514d adds
