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The old Greeks were "free citizens" in a small "city state"; they had large groups of slaves working for them to handle all the nasty little things necessary for life, so they had a lot of time to develop literature and art. Because they are "free citizens" in a small "city" and they are acquaintances who often meet each other, so when their writers and artists start writing, sculpture and painting, they will never forget who will criticize their works. Therefore, they will never fail to think of how to make their works understood by fellow villagers who are also "free citizens". He knew very well that his fellow villagers worked vigorously and lively. Although they believed that everything was controlled by "fate", they would never be so worried or motionless because of it. They always wanted to enjoy life before they died, but they also had a "moderate" character, and "balance" was their ideal. Because he knew all this, he expressed it in his works.

"The Book of Songs" selects more than 120 of them and arranges them according to ten themes: marriage and love, sacrificial songs, epic poems, swallow drinking, military travel, farming, animal husbandry and hunting, complaints, blessings, and miscellaneous feelings. There is also a detailed "Introduction" before the ten topics, which explains the cultural significance, literary contribution and new ways of studying the Book of Songs. The book contains essential annotations, sophisticated commentary, and wonderful collections of reviews. It also has columns for discussion of issues, expansion of cultural history, and literature links. The annotations, explanations, and expansions are detailed. In addition, the author in this book puts forward many viewpoints that are different from what we usually think of, which will help readers expand their knowledge and open up a broad historical and cultural space.

The full name of "Zuo Zhuan" is "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan". It is one of the three "Chun Qiu" biographies. It is an exegesis of "Chun Qiu" based on facts. It was included in the "Nine Classics" and "Thirteen Classics" in ancient times. It is one of the main classics of Confucianism and one of the important cultural classics in ancient China. It uses the reigns of the twelve monarchs of the Lu State during the Spring and Autumn Period as clues to record events. It begins in the first year of Lu Yin (722 BC) and ends in the 27th year of Lu Aigong (468 BC). It records a total of 255 years of historical facts. It is my country's first detailed and systematic history book. The history, culture and personal deeds of the Spring and Autumn Period recorded in the book are of great historical value. Its narrative structure, exquisite structure and beautiful language have great literary value. Therefore, people today regard it as an outstanding chronicle history book and historical biography.

The novels of representative female writers of the Harlem Renaissance, Jessie Redmon Fauset, Nella Larson, and Zora Neale Hurston, describe the unique experiences of new black women on race, gender, class, culture, etc. In the special historical context of the United States in the 1920s. They are a turning point in the writing of African American women's novels towards modernity, and build the writing tradition of modern African American women's novels. The 10 novels by three female writers demonstrate the differences, conflicts, collisions and integration of traditional African-American folk culture and mainstream American culture, embodying the themes of dual identity and integration, creative tendencies and cultural orientations. By analyzing the specific expressions of three female writers' writing of "blackness", "Americanness" and "civilizational commonality", this book shows African-American women's exploration of the practice of black and white racial cultural integration and their thinking about the relationship between the two cultures during this period.

In an academic context where theoretical methods such as "intertextuality", "classicity" and "genealogy" have attracted much attention, this book not only focuses on the meaning and aesthetic exploration of the individual texts of major classic novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West", "Jin Ping Mei", "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio", "The Scholars" and "Dream of Red Mansions", it is also committed to in-depth discussion and sorting out the relationship between novel texts from the dual-temporal dimensions of "diachronicity" and "synchronicity". It not only focuses on exploring the interpenetration, interrelation ecology and laws of novel texts, but also focuses on discovering the original features of each novel. It not only focuses on reinterpreting the source of the meaning of novel texts, but also pays attention to rediscovering the general rules of novels, striving to construct the general genealogy of the occurrence and development of Chinese novels from the perspective of textual interaction. The so-called "mutuality" of "intertextuality" in this book is not one-way transmission, but multiple "interactions", including "diachronic intertextuality" of vertical inheritance and "synchronic intertextuality" of horizontal interpenetration, as well as complex situations such as "inheritance intertextuality" and "feedback intertextuality" as well as "forward reinforcing intertextuality" and "reverse ironic intertextuality". At the same time, it focuses on adding value from the "intertextuality" between novels, and combines creative methods such as "anxiety of influence", "accumulation", "collection" and "parody", as well as communication methods such as "déjà vu" and "practice makes perfect" to explore its role in the "classicity" and "comprehensiveness" of novels, and then comprehensively explore the changing laws and landscapes of ancient and modern Chinese novels.

Due to the influence of historical experience, social system, regional culture and other factors, the dissemination of Chinese literature between mainland my country, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, Southeast Asia, North America and other regions is cross-contextual, with differences and ambiguities, disputes and troubles often occurring. However, it is the process and experience of cross-contextual dissemination of regional Chinese literature that has activated new concepts and new research paradigms such as world Chinese literature, Chinese new literature, and Sinophone literature - narrow ideas and theoretical perspectives limited to a single region are beginning to face challenges. Based on the history and current situation of Chinese literature, this book starts from the triple relationship between media and literature, organizes and analyzes the cross-context communication process and phenomena of Chinese literature, opens up many issues and laws in the process of literary confluence, and embeds these phenomena, issues and laws into the current literary development context for discussion to refine universal viewpoints and establish their value. This book has a unique research perspective and novel research content, which expands a new field of Chinese literature research.

This book takes the use of grammatical and rhetorical methods in Tang poetry as the research object. It systematically describes and multi-dimensionally explains the use of grammatical and rhetorical methods in Tang poetry from three aspects: lexical rhetoric, syntactic rhetoric, and grammatical rhetoric. It also selects three different texts from the Book of Songs, Songs of Chu, and New Poetry. The poetry grammar and rhetoric of the same period are used as a reference. On the basis of simultaneous investigation, the inheritance, achievements and influence of Tang poetry's grammar and rhetoric are also summarized. Finally, the basic principles, composition system, application characteristics and rules of Tang poetry's grammar and rhetoric are summarized. The publication of this book can also provide useful inspiration for the current grammar community who has been looking for scientific explanations of Chinese grammar and Chinese poetry grammar.

The guard-by-election system was an important part of the official selection process in the Tang Dynasty. Its essence was that civil servants below the sixth rank could not serve continuously and had to take turns to retire from office. Moreover, they often served for less time and had more time to retire. This situation had a significant impact on the lives and creations of scribes. This book first discusses the formation and development of the selection system in the Tang Dynasty. Secondly, it explores the ways for civil servants in the Tang Dynasty to get rid of being elected. Getting rid of the election means that civil servants can be appointed officials without having to participate in the selection of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, that is, they can become ministerial officers of the fifth rank or above or permanent staff officials of the sixth rank or below, so that they can continue to serve as officials. Finally, it briefly describes the influence of the Shouxuan system on the life style and literary creation of scribes in the Tang Dynasty, such as the style of seclusion and landscape pastoral poetry.

This book mainly studies Hainan Li literature from the perspective of cross-ethnic comparative literature. Through the overall analysis of Li literature, we sort out the main image genealogy and ideological paradigms, and systematically classify them. Then we carry out cross-ethnic cultural interpretations of these image types, and then deeply grasp the original heterogeneity of Li literature and the research rules of comparative literature hermeneutics. This book mainly has the following chapters: Chapter 1 "Research Current Situation of Hainan Li Literature". Analyze and study existing research data, absorb useful methods and strategies, and point out the main problems in current research. Chapter 2 "The overall characteristics of Hainan Li literature". Mainly from the perspective of national literature, the basic characteristics and occurrence and development rules of Li literature are explained. The third chapter, "The Genealogy of Divine Imagery in Hainan Li Literature," mainly sorts out, categorizes, and sorts out the discussions on divine imagery in Li literature, and explores its main discourse narrative rules. Chapter 4, "The Genealogy of Animal Imagery in Hainan Li Literature," mainly analyzes the symbolic representational characteristics of Li literature that distinguish it from other ethnic literatures from the perspective of animal worship. Chapter 5, "Genealogy of Character Imagery in Hainan Li Literature," mainly analyzes the classic character images sung in Li literature through the ages from the perspectives of national heroes and mythological heroes. Chapter 6, "Cross-ethnic Comparative Literature Interpretation of Li Literary Images", mainly analyzes the origin relationship, spread, interpretation and variation between Li literary images and other ethnic groups' images, and analyzes the basic characteristics of comparative literary hermeneutics.

This topic mainly takes Ouyang Qiansen's creation as the research object to explore the direction and approach of the innovative development of Chinese literature and art in the new era. Passion, ideals and historical rationality are Ouyang Qiansen's distinctive creative personalities. His works are permeated with idealism and heroism, which contain both the special background of personal spiritual resources and the unique connotations of regional culture. It is precisely relying on this unique creative personality that Ouyang Qiansen has successfully achieved a breakthrough from the narrative tradition of local literature. He is not only unique among Guizhou writers with a century of history, but also has distinctive features in the mainstream culture and grand narratives of the 21st century. Ouyang Qiansen stands out in the form of heroic narratives. He has his own unique understanding of heroism. Whether he writes about the Long March, the Anti-Japanese War, personal emotional experiences, or ordinary people who work hard to get rid of poverty, what he wants to demonstrate is a heroic spirit that contains the spirit of idealism. In all his creations, there is a pedigree of heroic groups. Ouyang Qiansen injects masculinity, power and sublimity into contemporary literature. For Ouyang Qiansen, historical rationality is not only the understanding of historical processes and the ability to interpret history, but also an important path into reality; historical rationality is not only reflected in the understanding of the historical path of the Chinese nation and the mainstream spirit of the Chinese nation since modern times, but also reflected in the road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence, and cultural confidence in China's actual development direction since the reform and opening up. It has the characteristics of being consistent with the mainstream spirit and mainstream culture of the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

This book is a collection of the author's special essays on the history of Chinese literature, including the general history of Chinese literature, the Book of Songs, the Songs of Chu, the Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, the history of modern literature, and the exchanges between Chinese literature and North Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. Approximately two-thirds of these articles have been published but have been revised, and one-third of the articles have not been published. The special points of this book lie in the following points: first, it studies and examines some topics in the history of Chinese literature not from a literary perspective but from a broader perspective of Chinese studies, and obtains some research results that are different from the literary discipline but are still valuable; second, it uses stone inscriptions to supplement and discuss existing books, especially modern literary compilations, which has certain documentary value.

Media is an angle that cannot be ignored in the study of online literature. This study combines the actual development of online literature and attempts to present the causes, effects, existing problems and coping methods of the media transformation of online literature. Since Internet literature is a dynamic field that is booming, many phenomena are in the process of change and are difficult to grasp conclusively. Therefore, this book intercepts corresponding time points to analyze and summarize, and uses cases to analyze the early transformation model of Internet literature that relied on the fame of works and its social impact, and analyzes the reasons why some early Internet literature media forms were eliminated or forgotten. Pay attention to the problems brought about by rapid industrialization to Internet literature, and discuss the new demands of literature that Internet literature has shown in the process of media transformation. Analyze the situation of traditional literary classics in the Internet age and the significance of the cross-media transformation of literary works. Discuss the expansion of non-linear literary media forms, the expansion of online literature in overseas Chinese-speaking circles, etc.

This manuscript is a collection of papers commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Fudan Medieval Studies Class. Based on common academic concepts and research fields, the Joint Research Class on Medieval China at Fudan University was established in October 2009. The core members are more than ten young scholars from the Department of History, the Institute of Literature and History, the Research Center for Unearthed Documents and Ancient Inscriptions, the Department of Chinese Language, the Research Center of Historical Geography, and the Department of Cultural Heritage. There are also scholars from outside the school and overseas who have joined as "correspondence researchers" and "visiting researchers". To commemorate the tenth anniversary of the founding of the research class, a collection of excellent works has been selected from academic reports over the years to present the new outlook of medieval China studies.

Diasporic literature is one of the cutting-edge topics in current comparative literature research. Among many diasporic writers, Michael Ondaatje, a writer originally from Sri Lanka and now living in Canada, can be called the leader of this group. The special life experience and cultural background make Ondaatje's works contain multicultural factors that are rare in his mother country or Western literature. His works break the conventions of traditional novels in terms of content, genre, and writing techniques. While the beautiful words and sentences bring readers sensory enjoyment, they also leave many blanks, waiting for them to think and fill in the profound meaning hidden in them from multiple angles. Based on a close reading of the original English novel and its translation, this study draws on theories such as postmodern narratology, deconstruction, postcolonialism, and new historicism to combine text and theory to launch a discussion. Compared with the previous scattered research, this study attempts to grasp Ondaatje's novels as a whole, but also approaches it from different angles when specifically analyzing each work, striving to present Ondaatje's novel art in a more three-dimensional way. The research focuses on both the content level of the novel and the narrative strategy level, and examines the two major themes of "postcolonial criticism" and "subject construction" embodied in Ondaatje's novels in a diasporic context.

The book starts from the perspective of the Tang Dynasty's education system, educational ideas, and educational content that had a tangible impact on the literati and literature of the Tang Dynasty. It believes that the three major factors of the Tang Dynasty's education system, political environment, economic conditions, and book circulation worked together to promote the socialization of educational resources in the Tang Dynasty; respecting saints and Confucianism, as the basic educational ideology of the Tang Dynasty, In the early Tang Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and the late Tang Dynasty, they had different effects on the thoughts and literary creations of literati. In the Tang Dynasty, Confucian classics education had a complete system. The compilation of the official Confucian classics textbook "Five Classics of Justice" made Confucian classics as language and allusion materials integrated into the literati's knowledge reserve and entered their literary creations. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Confucian education focused on the "Book of Filial Piety" and emphasized ethics, which was not unrelated to the formation of the elegant and vigorous literary style of this period. After the Anshi Rebellion, the focus of Confucian classics education shifted downwards, from being dominated by central official schools to being dominated by private schools. This led to the enhancement of the scholar's subject consciousness in the social ideological and cultural fields. As a result, the relationship between Chinese and Taoism was further deepened by using poetry to express the scholars' exploration in the social ideological field; Tang Dynasty literature The main contents of literary education are books, "Selected Works", poetry patterns, etc. The specific activities of literary education rely on these educational contents to inherit literary knowledge and creative experience. This makes literary education and learning methods also reflect the step-by-step improvement process from reading accumulation to imitation proficiency to experience and perception. The content of literary education in the Tang Dynasty left a relatively distinct imprint on the creations of the Tang people, which is most obvious in the reference of content, the acquisition of themes, the absorption of allusions, and the use of parallels.

"Regional Culture and Literature Research Collection" is an academic brand jointly created by China Social Sciences Press and the School of Liberal Arts of Chongqing Normal University. This "collection" has been highly praised by many famous experts and scholars, and has exerted a great academic influence in the domestic academic circle. It has become an important academic platform for scholars at home and abroad to devote themselves to the study of regional culture and literature. This book is the eighth volume of the publication, with a total of 20 selected articles. The main part of the book is designed with six columns, namely "The Obliterated Literature of Bashu in the Republic of China", "Jiangnan Culture and Jiangsu Literature", "Ba Jin Research", "Regional Culture and Ancient Literature Research", and "Regional Culture and Comparative Literature Research". More than 20 authors from universities and research institutions such as Nanjing University, Sichuan University, Southwest University, and Shaanxi Normal University conducted an in-depth analysis of certain literary phenomena and writers' works in Bashu literature, Jiangsu literature, Ba Jin, and ancient Chinese literature from a regional cultural perspective. This is a new harvest from the academic community's macro-scanning and micro-discussion of literary and cultural phenomena in ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad, from the perspective of the deep connection between regional culture and literature. It is the inheritance and expansion of the seven volumes of "Regional Culture and Literature Research Collection" that have been published previously, and it is the latest collection of research results in this field.

This book studies contemporary world literary theory and its application and changes in the Chinese context. Since Goethe mentioned the term "world literature" in 1827, many scholars have responded to various issues related to world literature for more than a hundred years. However, it was not until 2000 that the theory of world literature made significant progress. This book is based on summarizing the theories of world literature in the past twenty years, and discusses the applicability and changes of these theories in the Chinese context. In addition to the introduction, this book has eight chapters in total. Discuss the following topics in turn; (1) What is world literature? (2) What is world poetry? (3) The implications of translation studies for world literary theory. (4) How does the Nobel Prize in Literature create world literature? (5) What implications do research paradigms such as Orientalism, Sinology, and travel theory have on the study of world literature? (6) How does Moretti use cultural historical concepts such as "tree" and "wave" to explain world literature? What is the contribution? (7) What are the contributions of the "distant reading" theory? How are big data and digital humanities changing the study of world literature? (8) What is the right and wrong of Apted's concept of "anti-world literature"? Finally, it concludes with the century-old changes in the concept of "world literature".

Dictionary-style novels are not a new topic. Since the publication of texts such as "Khazar Dictionary" and "Maqiao Dictionary", many dictionary-style novels and Asian dictionary-style novels with similar stylistic characteristics have appeared in the literary world in the new century. However, academic circles mostly use "Maqiao Dictionary" and other texts as individual cases for critical analysis, and have not conducted systematic and in-depth research on dictionary-style novels. The complexity and richness of dictionary-style novels themselves have not been fully understood. In particular, no scholars have yet conducted an in-depth and systematic discussion on the complex relationship between the emergence, development and expression of New Century dictionary-style novels and the promotion of New Century literary ecology, literary journals, Wulibo Group and critics. Since dictionary-style novels have both the cross-genre and typological characteristics of new century literature, this article studies new century dictionary-style novels as a "specimen" of new century literature. It combines "external" research elements of literature such as the grand background of the new century literary ecology with the specific text analysis of dictionary-style novels, the types of dictionary-style novels, and The combination of the two major trends not only grasps the types, characteristics, turns and other issues of dictionary-style novels at the macro level, but also conducts specific text analysis at the micro-level, combining the macro and micro, analyzing the pros and cons of dictionary-style novels in contemporary novel creation, and exploring one of the possible ways of literature in the new century.

In the context of world Internet literature, objective analysis of the new qualities of Chinese Internet literature will not only help determine China's literary confidence and cultural confidence, but also help start a valuable dialogue with the world. "Chinese Internet Literature and Virtual Survival Experience" is based on the particularity of Chinese Internet literature and provides an in-depth analysis of the survival experience (virtual survival experience) of the Internet age presented by Chinese Internet literature under the appearance of commercialization and popularization. The "overhead" of Chinese Internet literature expresses the "world" view of the Internet age, and the world has plasticity and leapfrog; "portable flow" literature expresses the accompanying relationship between the online world and modern people; rebirth novels express the "reset" experience of online life and the dilemma of choice; time-travel novels express various situations and symptoms of virtual communication; the upgraded model of Internet literature presents digital romanticism and the personal struggles of new Internet youth. The prosperity of Chinese Internet literature is unique in the world. The virtual survival experience contained in Chinese Internet literature reflects the trends and changes in society, culture, and literature after the advent of the Internet society. It constitutes the unique value of Chinese Internet literature and has important world significance. We should dialectically understand the achievements of Chinese online literature and its future development trends, improve its ideological and cultural realm and artistic level, and enable it to make its due contribution to China's national strategic development.

The content of this issue is divided into 5 columns. The first column is: "Contemporary Theory and Criticism", which explores issues such as non-fiction historical writing, gaps in theatrical performances, and complaint culture. This column includes not only theoretical criticism of traditional media works, but also attention to new media and popular culture. It is hoped that it can be based on the current situation and use theory to intervene in literary and artistic creation activities in the new era. The second column is: "Chinese Literary Theory", which includes a set of ancient literary theory monographs ""The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and Chinese Narratology", which reveals the essence of Chinese classical narrative theory through close reading and theoretical analysis of classic works. In addition, this column also contains articles discussing modern Chinese literary theory, such as the analysis of Mao Dun's "social and national life" theory, etc. The third column: "Western Literary Theory" includes a group of thematic papers "Study of Aristotle's Original Classics", focusing on theoretical classics such as "Poetics" and in-depth exploration of the axial categories of Western literary theory such as mimesis, "catasis", and "plot center theory". In addition, this column also contains research papers on modern Western theorists such as Roland Barthes, T. J. Clark, and Emerson. The fourth column is: "Selected Translations", which translates Michel Foucault's "Problems of Method" and Predrag Secowacki's "Tolstoy on Non-Possession and Non-Violence". The fifth column is: "Book Review", which reviews and discusses "Baudelaire: From Urban Experience to Poetic Experience" and new developments in urban aesthetics research.

This book is one of the series of "Shandong University Chinese Special Issues". This book includes an introduction, four chapters, and two articles as appendices. Based on unearthed documents, this book places the history of pre-Qin writings under the perspective of cultural history and divides the history of pre-Qin writings into three historical periods: the age of wizards, the age of historians, and the age of philosophers. It summarizes the natural environment before and after the birth of Chinese civilization, early Chinese cultural conditions and its evolution process, examines and demonstrates the history of the birth of Chinese characters and the initial characteristics of Chinese character writings, and proposes that word worship is an important factor affecting early writings; through the investigation of the functions of historians, it analyzes the administrative management of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The process of bureaucratization, then discusses the writing consciousness of historians and the emergence of the idea of "establishing immortal words" and the budding of private writings, examines the generation of various classics in the historians' era, and summarizes the issues of compilation and collection of books during this period; discusses various Zi's inheritance and development of the consciousness of writings in the historian era, as well as the process of gradually moving toward self-consciousness, studied the new literary styles (especially the exegetical style) in the writings of the various scholars, and pointed out that an important feature of the writings of the various scholars is that circulation participated in the creation.

This book is based on Mr. Chen Zhongmei's "mystical-logo" dual matrix theory, which analyzes and interprets Western civilization from a new perspective, that is, Western civilization is not "logocentrism" as commonly thought of, but is supported by logos and another equivalent meta-concept "mysoism." This book takes Liang Qichao as the research object, starting from his concern for Western "secret thoughts" (such as religion and literature), and analyzes his process of cognition of Western learning. Although Liang Qichao attached great importance to "secret thoughts" such as spirit, emotion, belief and literature, he did not depreciate scientific rationality because of this. When it came to the understanding of Western civilization, his vague "dual" consciousness was always revealed in his writing. He believes that spiritual beliefs and scientific rationality belong to different fields and can complement each other, but cannot replace each other.

The research object of this book is contemporary Jiangnan novels, whose creative subjects are mainly writers who are obviously related to Jiangnan and Jiangnan culture. Such as Wang Zengqi, Lin Jinlan, Lu Wenfu, Li Hangyu, Fan Xiaoqing, Su Tong, Bi Feiyu, Ge Fei, Yu Hua, etc. These writers have different styles, but they are the most aesthetically significant and typical representatives influenced by "Jiangnan culture". In their diligent artistic exploration, contemporary Jiangnan novels have completed the era innovation of novel narratives with their own cultural blending and aesthetic variation, thus forming a unique novel system and aesthetic landscape. This book starts from the hidden relationship between Jiangnan culture and novel ideological trends, Jiangnan writers, local identity, personal expression, poetic aesthetics, language style, stylistic changes, etc., And explores the formation and development, significance and limitations of contemporary Jiangnan novels under the influence of Jiangnan culture.

The academic publication "Humanities" is edited by the Institute of Advanced Humanities of Henan University. "Humanities" adheres to the correct guidance of public opinion and puts social benefits first. "Humanities" centers on humanistic care, highlights academic originality and the dissemination of new knowledge, focuses on empirical research, encourages comprehensive innovation, and strives to integrate various disciplines, explore various academic thoughts and historical and cultural issues, and showcase new achievements in Chinese ideological and academic circles. "Humanities" strives to provide a platform for the academic community to publish high-quality academic results. The articles are mainly academic articles (essays), but we also publish academic essays that welcome ideas and other forms of academic articles. There are also columns such as "Dialogue", "Xuelin", "Notes", "Book Notes" and "Book Reviews" to reflect the research results of scholars in multiple forms and levels.

This book explores the relationship between language changes from the late Qing Dynasty to the mid-Republic of China and the emergence of the "modern" Chinese novel. Use empirical methods to examine the two internal and external changes in the language of novels. The first is the process from the coexistence of classical Chinese and vernacular novels to the dominance of vernacular novels; the second is the change in the internal grammar and vocabulary of vernacular novels and the changes in the rhetorical methods of novels. At the same time, we will examine how the language tradition of "Chinese novels" was inherited, integrated and evolved along with this process, and how it became a "modern" novel type before and after the May 4th Movement, and we will also reflect on the discourse mechanism and existing problems of this construction. This book explores the relationship between language changes from the late Qing Dynasty to the mid-Republic of China and the emergence of the "modern" Chinese novel. Use empirical methods to examine the two internal and external changes in the language of novels. The first is the process from the coexistence of classical Chinese and vernacular novels to the dominance of vernacular novels; the second is the change in the internal grammar and vocabulary of vernacular novels and the changes in the rhetorical methods of novels. At the same time, we will examine how the language tradition of "Chinese novels" was inherited, integrated and evolved along with this process, and how it became a "modern" novel type before and after the May 4th Movement, and we will also reflect on the discourse mechanism and existing problems of this construction.

In the current context of rebuilding national cultural confidence, this paper sorts out the works of writers in the Heluo region centered on Luoyang, and explores the close relationship between the occurrence and development of Heluo literature and traditional Chinese mainstream literary thought; from the influence of Heluo literary form, literary thought and aesthetic consciousness on the formation of the core connotation of Heluo culture, the close relationship between the formation of the core value system of Chinese national culture and Heluo culture is discussed, thus highlighting that the literature of this special area of ​​Heluo is a major root of the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture. Drawing on the latest results of current Heluo culture research, and on the basis of a comprehensive and systematic description of the development history of Heluo literature, we will explore new Heluo literary materials and provide clues and ideas for researchers of Heluo culture. When examining the Heluo writers, works and literary phenomena of the past dynasties, it reflects the combination of historical consciousness and contemporary consciousness, and reflects the scientific spirit of advancing with the times; using the theory of literary geography and standing at the height of the times' thoughts, we study the practical significance of Heluo literary achievements for the cultural construction of today's China.

This book adheres to the literary criticism standards that integrate history and aesthetics, comprehensively uses literary sociology and modern literary theory criticism methods, mainly discusses and explains the theoretical issues of contemporary literature and writers' works, and focuses on analyzing the development trend of "human literature" and "people's literature" in contemporary China, and the service of revolutionary literature and art. The relationship between the object of service and the choice of form, the realist enlightenment quality of Lu Yao's novels, the realistic and cultural critical connotations of new century novels, as well as the characteristics and expression of modern poetry, etc., Present the humanistic nature of contemporary literature that pays attention to society and protects life, as well as the aesthetic spirit of artistically grasping reality and clever dialogue with ideology.

This book is a study of the meaning construction strategies of landscape writing in modern Chinese novels, that is, the generation mechanism of landscape discourse and the intervention mechanism in readers' perception of landscape. The introduction part mainly investigates the mechanism of the occurrence of modern landscape in Chinese novels. The first part is the general part. It examines the two levels of modern landscape narrative, the two subjects of landscape narrative and the narrative posture of landscape discourse. It also explains the role of rhetorical mechanism in the writing of landscape in modern Chinese novels, and answers the question of the occurrence of modern landscape in Chinese novels. The middle part is the narrative strategy part, which mainly studies the three common rhetorical mechanisms of landscape writing: metaphorical mechanism, body mechanism and spatio-temporal mechanism. The next part is a case study. While focusing on highlighting the common mechanism of landscape narrative construction, it selects landscape texts of novelists in different periods and conducts analysis based on their personality.

"Shengjing Times" is a treasure house of modern Northeastern literature, publishing a large number of poems, reflecting the prosperity of the Northeastern poetry world at that time. These poems have the characteristics of the era, region and Sino-Japanese exchanges, reflecting the gathering of talents and cultural prosperity in the Northeast in the late Qing Dynasty. Among the groups of Northeastern poets reviewed in this book, there are many famous ones. For example, Zhang Yuanqi, a Fujian poet and Fengtian Civil Affairs Envoy, whose poems, essays and deeds were frequently published in newspapers, are very contemporary. There are also many poems written by newspaper writers such as "Eastern Three Provinces Daily". Liu Huanshu and Yiqin, who were both from the Northeast, could be regarded as famous figures of the time. These poems are full of family and country consciousness, social responsibility, reform and progress tendency and urban cultural characteristics. There are also Japanese and Chinese poems such as Miyazaki Laijo and Mori Huainan, which shows the background of the Japanese office of "Shengjing Times" and the realistic cultural and political environment of Northeast China at that time.

This book starts with several key issues in the study of Jiao's Lin Ci. Starting from the specific text, it systematically combs through some connections between the compilation of Jiao's Lin Ci and "Book of Changes" and pre-Qin Dynasty regulations, and examines the arrangement of "historical" corpus cited in Yi Yao Bian Lin Ci. It confirms the generation mechanism of Lin Ci from different angles, and believes that Jiao's Lin Ci is not a piece of loose sand, but that its generation has certain rules to follow. The book also discusses the literary characteristics of Jiao's Lin Ci. From a comparative perspective, it gives a relatively comprehensive explanation of the literary value of Lin's poems quoted from "Poetry", the symbolic art of Lin's Ci, and the meaning and meaning of many objects and events in Lin's Ci. The whole book is compiled in the form of a scattered perspective topic, which is a preliminary attempt to study Jiao's Linci from the dual perspectives of Yi studies and literature.

This book attempts to interpret from the perspective of transnationalism the evolution of themes and characters in Chinese new immigrant novels since the new century, and analyzes the connection between this change and the changes in the living conditions of new immigrants. Since the new century, with the acceleration of China's reform and opening up process, Chinese immigrants have become more and more deeply involved in the economic and cultural development and changes of their home countries by returning to settle down, starting businesses, and participating in economic, trade and cultural exchanges with their home countries, and have become out-and-out "transnational Chinese" in terms of living conditions. From the perspective of cultural identity, transnational Chinese are not only an important carrier of Chinese culture overseas, but also the constructors of the third culture formed based on the integration and innovation of Eastern and Western cultures. Transnational Chinese have achieved simultaneous embedding in two different societies through continuous cross-border activities as the dominant way of their lives and careers. The living conditions of the "transnational Chinese" group are reflected in the creation of new immigrant novels. This book presents the path and trend of the development of new immigrant novels since the new century through the evolution of new immigrant novels in themes such as return, hometown narrative, historical narrative, grassroots writing, and ecological writing, as well as their shaping of transnational Chinese images.

This book connects children, childhood memories and the Spanish Civil War, and proposes a new concept "Franco's children". It constructs and analyzes this concept through representative literary, film and television works from four key historical periods in Spain in the second half of the 20th century. Within the dual theoretical framework of childhood studies and historical memory studies, "Franco Children" has two directions: first, it means that the protagonists in literary and artistic works are all children, and experienced the Spanish Civil War and post-war Francoism; second, it means that the creators of the works themselves have experienced the same civil war and post-war repression as the protagonists of the works. They choose to review their childhood in the form of artistic works at important junctures in history, reshape the national past by reconstructing childhood during the war, and influence the process of social development. This book subverts the traditional view since the late 18th century romanticism that "children are passive and weak and need protection" and outlines an active and powerful group of "Franco children". At the juncture of the increasingly deepening globalization in the 21st century, connecting Spain's "Franco Children" with the brave, fearless and redeeming children in the world literary tradition not only gives children the ability to repair war wounds, but also points to the development trend of the internationalization of Spanish local culture.

This book stands at the forefront of reality and theory in the new media era and puts forward many innovative theories. Its main research characteristics and innovations are: first, it selects the literary production method in the digital media field as the research object in the context of media society, which is an innovation in the topic selection; second, it proposes that contemporary literary production is media production in the digital media field, points out the media production ideas in Marxist literary theory, clarifies that media production transcends and covers the literary language construction theory advocated by the famous language theory, and proposes new media literary productivity. A series of new academic viewpoints such as new media reorganizing literary production relations, and new media production texts being digital composite semiotic literary texts are innovations in perspective; third, starting from historical reality, conducting in-depth investigations into literary production sites to obtain first-hand materials, and mining theoretical resources from Marxist original works, media studies, including foreign language materials, that is, material innovation; fourth, adopting multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary research methods, which is an innovation in research methods.

This book is divided into two volumes, namely the study of German Romantic literature and the study of German Expressionist literature. It is the result of nearly half a century of research by two experts in German literature. Among them, the evaluation of German classicism and German Romanticism, the systematic study of Schiller and Goethe, and the evaluation and debate of German Expressionism are all issues of theoretical pioneering significance and have promoted in-depth research on German literature. The German playwright Brecht is a representative figure of "epic drama". As the proposer of the "defamiliarization" theory, Brecht has become a hot topic in Chinese academic circles for studying epic drama due to his huge influence on his dramatic works and drama theory, as well as his inextricable relationship with Chinese culture. Among these many studies, Professor Zhang Li is regarded as the authority on Brecht research. German romantic writers include Schiller, Goethe, etc., As well as the romantic trend of thought, which is the result of Mr. Chen Shulin's many years of research. The two parts are combined into one, and it is an academic achievement with high reference value in the study of German literature. This book was selected into the "Library of Old Scholars of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 2019".

In the early twentieth century, since Lu Xun took the lead in expressing the social and spiritual phenomenon of "estrangement" in literature, "estrangement" has become the main theme of writers' writing and interpretation. This book mainly studies the various aspects of the expression of the theme of "estrangement" by modern and contemporary writers such as Lu Xun, Ye Shengtao, Ba Jin, Ding Ling, Jia Pingwa, and Liu Zhenyun. "Estrangement" is both a spiritual issue and a social issue, an ancient issue and a practical issue, a literary issue and a human nature issue. Therefore, a systematic and in-depth study of the theme of "estrangement" in Chinese novels of the 20th century will surely provide a rich literary form and life form for the "people-oriented" and "harmonious society" in the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The social relations of harmonious symbiosis will provide rich literary forms and life forms, and will also provide human resources for reference in terms of spirit, thought, and soul for the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics.

This book explores the presentation of science fiction literature from four important groups of science fiction writers-women, big boys, marginalized people, and laggards in the modernization process-and their works, and studies what characteristics each type of writer brings to science fiction as a whole. Comprehensively examine and explore the nature of science fiction literature, and provide hints on some issues that have not been studied in depth in the field of science fiction literature. The author believes that science fiction literature has unique characteristics in terms of ideology, emotion, action and text structure. In their works, science fiction writers present ways of facing society through experiments within the cognitive system, bringing valuable thinking and experience to future social development. The imaginary social products created by science fiction and the various imaginary pictures created by science fiction provide encouragement and warning to mankind. An in-depth study of the process and methods of science fiction literature's resistance to mainstream culture can provide a clearer understanding of the cultural diversity of contemporary society.

In "Poetics" we can see how close the understanding of great poets is to that of philosophers. Both Plato and Aristotle said that philosophy begins with wonder, starting from common opinions and recognizing the shortcomings of these opinions. Great poets elicit our surprise by making events happen that defy common opinion and expectation. Tragedy exists not only as a part of political life, but also as a part of the political whole. The perfection of tragedy also depends on how effective it is in connecting human life with the greater whole, that is, nature.

This book takes the history of world civilization and literature as reference to comprehensively depict various scenes of Chinese literary tradition. Covering time from ancient times to contemporary times, the discussion objects also include literary works by writers from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese. More importantly, for the first time, "Columbia Chinese Literary History" is organized into poetry, prose, novels, drama and other genres, taking into account both time and theme. In this way, it has a new prism that transcends time and genre, focusing on the blurred boundaries between literature and poetry, novels and dramas, and the interaction between spoken and written language. It pays special attention to the continuity of tradition and its evolution in the twentieth century and even today. Each part is arranged in chronological order. In addition to historical background, it also touches on the influence of popular culture, the impact of Buddhism, the role of women, exchanges with ethnic minority literature and language, etc. It breaks the boundaries between ancient and modern literary history and provides readers with clues to the evolution of various literary styles from ancient times to the present. It is a special work on the history of Chinese literature. This time, a new preface by Mei Weiheng has been added to describe the changes in research ideas after 20 years and respond to academic debates. The binding is divided into eight volumes and is portable. It not only echoes the style of narrating literary history by genre, but also highlights the readability of the book. It can be said that content and form complement each other.

This book focuses on the core concept of "legend", combs through the details, and comes to the conclusion that "legendary narrative is a special Chinese narrative discourse and tradition" and that "the ancient Chinese novel itself has become a narrative mode that is difficult to get rid of in various genres and stages of ancient Chinese literature." This seemingly ordinary view is actually unusual. It contains extremely rich content and is of very important significance. It clarified the divergent opinions in the academic circles and confirmed people's hesitant opinions. This research is actually to find the roots of Chinese novels in the narrative tradition, allowing people to see the blood of "legend" in the development of Chinese novels. I think the findings of this research are indeed a major gain in the study of narrative modes and traditions of Chinese novels.

Somerset Maugham, author of "The Moon and Sixpence": A Guide to Reading and Writing for Young People. The genius novelist Maugham is known as the "Master of Storytelling" and has won almost all honors in the European literary world. In his later years, Maugham personally talked about his reading experience and writing skills, and published this book to help more readers fully master: How to read a book efficiently? How to improve writing skills? How to enhance sensitivity? How to write good articles that are clear, concise and pleasant to the ears? How to write a drama to quickly win hearts and minds? How to use techniques when writing novels? How to improve comprehension and cognition through reading? Maugham uses humorous language and a sharp and concise style to explain to you the secrets of reading and writing. After reading this book, you will suddenly realize it and gain endless benefits!

The essays of the late Ming Dynasty that focus on oneself and directly express one's soul are a refreshing stream of traditional Chinese literature. What impact did it have on Chinese culture in later generations, especially in the early 20th century? This book starts from three aspects: Yuan Hongdao, Gong'an School and late Ming thought, as well as the modern echo of late Ming poetry. Beginning with Yuan Hongdao as a person, he tells his life, analyzes his personality, behavior and thoughts, and then discusses his poetry and prose. A leader of the public security faction who is full of contradictions but sincere and humorous, who "expresses his spirit independently and does not stick to stereotypes" emerges vividly on the page. Through critical analysis of his poetry, Yuan Hongdao is not only described as an outstanding poetry writer, but also highlights his considerable intelligence and humor. It also evaluates the influence of the Public Security Party on late Ming literature and its role in the rise of the Jingling School. The public security faction represented by Yuan Hongdao's tendency to focus on self-expression spanned more than 300 years and emerged in modern times at the beginning of the 20th century, influencing the development of the New Culture Movement.

"Poetry expresses ambition" is the founding program of Chinese poetry and the primary theme of Chinese literary theory. This book is titled "New Analysis of Poetry's Expression and Aspiration", focusing on selecting more than twenty traditional hot topics related to it, and analyzing them one by one. The content covers many aspects, such as the original meaning of "Poetic Expression"; the era when the concept of "Poetic Expression" emerged; the legitimacy of the "ambition" of "Poetic Expression" by our ancestors; the efforts made by our ancestors in the creation of "Poetic Expression" and the unique characteristics of Chinese literature in lyricism and perceptibility led by "Poetic Expression".

The content of this book comes from the five lectures Professor Li Oufan was invited to give for the third "Hu Shi Humanities Lecture" at Peking University. Professor Li Oufan returned to a traditional topic in the study of modern Chinese literature and comparative literature - the study of the relationship between Chinese and Western literature or the relationship between Chinese and Western culture, and used his own intellectual history methods to connect text and cultural history. First, I try to clarify the intricate relationship between modernity, modernity and modern literature or modernism, and outline the historical and cultural background of modernism. Then through four topics - utopian imagination in late Qing literature, "left-wing" internationalism in Chinese and Western literary circles in the 1930s, the humanist legacy of Vico-Said-Zhu Guangqian, and Taiwan's "academic modernism" - we explore how modern Chinese literature accepts and deals with the "realistic anxiety" brought about by Western modernism, and what kind of legacy can we inherit from the history of the 20th century to deal with new crises today.

This book originated from the author's recollection of his childhood hometown from an old bowl after his hometown Tayu Bang was demolished. It was introduced from "A Offering Bowl" and was later divided into seven volumes. Each volume has a distinct theme, "keyword recall and writing", and uses objects as themes to describe the life of rural people in Jiangnan. The seven volumes are: "Geography" - unfolding from a single location, such as "West Alley" and "Cement White Field"; "Geography Attachment: Father's Old House" - unfolding from various parts of the old house, such as "Wangwu" and "Zhaotou Room"; "Annals of the Year" - based on various festivals; "Animal Chronicles" - based on animals, such as "cows" and "dogs"; "Insect Chronicles" - based on close insects, such as "dragonflies" and "fireflies"; "Agricultural Poems" - based on the life course of sowing, harvesting, and purchasing crops; "Biographies of Plants and Trees: Supplement to Farming Poems" describes various plants and trees that were close to each other in childhood. The author "creates biographies of things" and gathers the details of his childhood life as clues to write about the daily life of "people in nature" in his hometown: places, insects and animals, festivals, vegetation... Many memory fragments are gathered into a river of memory, restoring the texture of the Jiangnan countryside and outlining a vivid panoramic view of life in the Jiangnan water towns. It is a "literary natural local chronicle" and a "poetic memoir of Jiangnan scenery"

"Human Words" is a literary criticism work written by Wang Guowei. This work is a commentary on old Chinese literature from a new perspective after the author accepted the baptism of Western aesthetic ideas. On the surface, "Human Words" has no significant difference from the style and format of Chinese traditional poetry and poetry works. In fact, it has begun to form a theoretical system and can be regarded as one of the few works among old poetry treatises. In the field of modern word theory, many people regard it as a guideline, which has far-reaching influence. This book is also well-known to today's public readers and is a literary theory work suitable as a popular reading.

Ji Xianlin, Xiao Qian, Wen Jieruo, Ye Junjian, Chen Yuan, Cao Ying, Fang Ping, Xu Yuanchong, Tu An, Jiang Feng, Li Mang, Zhao Ruihong, Yang Yi, Li Wenjun, Lu Tongliu, Yang Wuneng, Guo Hongan, Luo Xinzhang, Shi Kangqiang, Lin Yian... The motivation, purpose, task, nature, status and role of translation, factors affecting the selection of translation objects, standards and principles of translation, process of translation, subjectivity of translation, translation Re-creation, reproduction of the original style, image thinking and image reproduction, form and content, spiritual similarity and physical similarity, literary translation criticism... At the end of the 20th century, Professor Xu Jun conducted in-depth discussions through dialogue with more than 20 outstanding representative translators in China on many basic issues of literary translation, allowing the translators to talk freely about their unique experiences, understandings and insights in literary translation. Most of the major issues that have haunted the minds of literary translators and been debated endlessly in the Chinese translation community in the 20th century have been discussed and elucidated by various representative arguments on the issues involved. This book sorts out and summarizes Chinese literary translation in the 20th century in a unique way, providing rich and practical experience for late comers in literary translation practice, and will play a role in connecting the past and the future in the study of the history of Chinese literary translation and Chinese translation theory.

"The Literary Mind and the Carving of the Dragon" is an important literary theory work in ancient China. The book consists of fifty literary essays, which respectively discuss the general principles of article writing, writing standards and basic requirements of various literary styles, and evaluate important writers and important works from the pre-Qin to the Southern Dynasties, Song and Qi Dynasties. It occupies an important position in the history of Chinese literary criticism. This edition of "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons" was translated in full by the late Professor Wang Gengsheng of Taiwan Normal University.

This book transcends reality through the development history of mankind and the earth; it uses fantasy and fictional plots to travel through the wild and experience the cruelty of survival, the sorrow of life, fear and repair, pampering and nightmares, joy and happiness.

In the turbulent transitional era of old and new, the group of female writers since the May Fourth period have engraved topics such as love and marriage, historical missions, political concerns, cultural reflections, social inscriptions, and even reflections on philosophical life and inner deep psychological emotions of male and female characters in social changes. Xiao Hong, Zhang Ailing, Ling Shuhua, Lu Yin, Shi Pingmei and others discussed in this book each used their different female narratives and body writing to strike a distant and sad cultural and historical echo for modern Chinese literature, leaving a far-reaching narrative literary legacy for the changing new era, which is worthy of reconsideration by contemporary academic circles.

"Classics Research" is sponsored by the Classics Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Comparative Literature. It is dedicated to the study and interpretation of classics handed down from classical civilization. It aims to establish a classics academic field in the Chinese academic community and promote the Chinese academic community's re-understanding of Chinese and Western classics and other traditional classics. Based on the modern situation of Chinese civilization, from a cross-cultural and interdisciplinary perspective, this journal strives to integrate literature, philosophy, history and classical philology, starting from specific texts, to study, interpret and interpret the classics of Western, Hebrew, Arabic and other classical civilizations.