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Tell the history of Japan in a popular and smooth way.

What is it that makes Japan the country it is today? From the arrival of the black ships to the death of Emperor Meiji, this was almost a 60-year period that completely changed the destiny of Japan. In 1853, the actual ruler of Japan, the Tokugawa Shogunate, declared the country. In 1867, the shogunate returned power to the emperor. The reformists announced the "restoration of royal government." In 1875, Japan announced a preparatory constitutional period. In 1890, Japan convened a congress, and then began its crazy expansion, launching the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Naval War and the Russo-Japanese War. The victory of the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War made Japan a world-class power. In 1912, Emperor Meiji died and the Meiji era came to an end. It's the end of an era and the end of another crazy era.

This book starts from the events that happened in the United States in a summer of 1927, and tells the prosperity, absurdity and madness of the entire 1920s. In 1927, the U. S. Economy was in excellent condition, with an inflation rate of 0 for four consecutive years. 50% Of the world's gold is in the United States, and most of it is stored in the basement of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The United States manufactures 85% of the world's cars, shoots 80% of the movies, and produces 42% of the goods. President Coolidge only worked 4 hours a day and spent most of the rest of the time napping. Moreau, a banker at J. P. Morgan, had 32 servants in his home, which was occupied mostly only on weekends. In 1929, Raskob, chairman of the Democratic Party of the United States, said that anyone can make a fortune from stocks. But in fact, he anticipated that the stock market was about to collapse and had already cashed out most of his stocks...

In 1945, the US military dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, killing 110,000 people. Three days later, another atomic bomb exploded in Nagasaki, killing 40,000 people. Japan declared unconditional surrender, officially ending World War II. What exactly happened 116 days before the atomic bomb exploded in Hiroshima? Is this the correct military decision? Or a terrible decision that violates humanity? This book begins when Truman takes over the presidency, and uses a countdown to reveal the behind-the-scenes story before the nuclear explosion in Hiroshima: Was it a release? Or wait for Japan to surrender? Will the launch damage the external image of the United States, or will it use it to demonstrate its weapons capabilities against the Soviet Union in the future? Co-authored by well-known journalists Chris Wallace and Mickey Weiss, it truly restores the decision-making process of the Hiroshima nuclear bombing, and goes deep into the inner lives of many elusive and iconic figures involved in the atomic bomb program!

The author has long taken European culture and thought as his research object. In the past 20 years, he has devoted himself to the study of Japanese culture and thought and traced the historical trajectory of its development. Finally, the results of his research were condensed into this work, titled "Japanese Spiritual History." As a Hegelian researcher, the author starts with "What is spirit?": "If I have to define it, man coexists with nature and exists in society, and his ability and state of survival is the so-called spirit." Thoughts as texts, as well as various cultures such as pottery, bronze statues, Buddhist statues, architecture, scrolls, gardens, etc. Are all examined in this book. They are all regarded as the spiritual history of Japan. This book can be said to be a fresh masterpiece that re-exposes what Japan is. The ruins of Sannai Maruyama, "Kojiki", "Man'yoshu", "Pillow", the thoughts of samurai, Buddhism, Confucianism, Genroku culture, Ukiyo-e, etc., From the Jomon period to the end of the Edo period, from the middle ages to the modern times, the Japanese spirit gradually showed a trend of diversification and moved towards the modern era. The author disdains awkward and difficult expressions, and his writing style is smooth and easy to understand from beginning to end, vividly showing the dynamic development process of the Japanese spirit.

The documentary "Asia-Pacific War Trials" provides a panoramic view of the Allied Powers' trials of Japanese military war atrocities in the Asia-Pacific region for the first time. The film crew overcame various difficulties such as the vast territory, long distances, and especially the lack of research results. From bustling cities to remote remote villages, from the hinterland of the mainland to the isolated islands in the Pacific, they interviewed the parties, insiders, and relevant scholars of the only remaining historical events. With a calm, rational, and emotional attitude and vision, they valuablely reshaped that period of history that should not be forgotten. This book provides an overview of the Asia-Pacific war trials and the arduous filming process of the documentary.

A book of wisdom that uses philosophy to explain life. Iran, an ancient oriental country with a mysterious face, is the heart of the turbulent zone in the Middle East and the focus of the world's attention. By the 6th century BC, it had become a worldwide empire spanning Asia, Europe, and Africa, and it had also left behind a rich legacy of political governance and literary and artistic treasures. How should we understand Iran and understand its current status? One of the two authors is the former president of Shiraz University and Tehran University in Iran, and the other is a well-known French scholar of Middle East history. As they tell, the 4,000-year historical picture of Iran slowly unfolds in front of us. Here, Elamite civilization, Persian civilization, Greek civilization, Turkic civilization, Mongolian civilization, and Arab civilization alternated and collided, and dynasties were established and destroyed one after another. What administrative system did they adopt, what splendid culture did they leave behind, and what religious policies did they pursue?

This book systematically combs the development process of world history research and compilation by Chinese scholars. From the perspective of combining historical theory and historical education, it explores the theoretical achievements and academic characteristics of Chinese scholars in the field of world history research. It is not only an exploratory work that deeply reflects on the development of the world history discipline and lessons learned, but also an innovative work that analyzes various trends of thought in the field of world history research and looks forward to the future development direction of China's world history. This book uses a broad vision and a big-picture perspective to grasp the important context, pick out the gold from the sand, and reproduce the magnificent moments in human history. World history is an important sub-discipline of history. Its content is a systematic discussion and elaboration of the process of human history from primitive, isolated and dispersed groups of people to the world as a closely connected whole.

"European History" From monarchs to parliaments, from farming to commerce, from religion to enlightenment, from hegemony to alliances, all characters and events are no longer isolated from each other in the historical logic of this book. It uses historical thinking to integrate specific historical facts, and systematically presents the long and complex European history. Between the latitude and longitude, you will gain insight into this piece of European history that spans thousands of years.

The first volume of "A Brief History of the World" starts from Asia and narrates the historical facts from the origin of world culture to the rise of Europe. It also intersperses the development of Eastern culture and its influence on Europe. The second volume starts with the formation of world powers and the development of colonial undertakings, and systematically explains how European powers dominated the process of modern world history. The book advocates Chinese culture as the standard. On the basis of referring to the achievements of Western history, and based on the activities and contributions of Asian countries, including China, in world cultural history, it is narrated at appropriate positions. It is intended to use "A Brief History of the World" to explain: Asian culture has greatly promoted the progress of Europe. The prosperity of Europe and the decline of Asia only occurred after Europe carried out world colonization in modern times. Asian nations should view history correctly. This new view of history breaks the long-standing Eurocentric view of history, changes the world history expanded from the European center to a world history composed of Eurasian interaction, and adjusts the new historical perspective.

The French Revolution was a cause for believers, and was rarely understood by people other than believers. Some people hated this cause with gnashing of teeth, while others sang its praises. To this day, it remains a dogma that must be either accepted or rejected, and has nothing to do with rational logic.

It is indeed not an easy task to write an interesting, easy-to-read, easy-to-understand world history work that does not require more than a million words, but Wells has accomplished this seemingly impossible task well in "A General History of the World". This book traces the beginnings of human civilization to World War II. The ups and downs of ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, Christian society, the Islamic world, and great powers such as the United Kingdom, France, and the United States are presented to readers in an orderly manner. The rich knowledge and broad vision provided by "General History of the World" are not inferior to any masterpieces of imperial history.

This book describes another "Norman Conquest" that took place in Italy during the Middle Ages. In the 11th century, the Normans living in France came to southern Italy by chance. They were originally mercenaries, but gradually became an important political force. They continued to grow in the complex political situation of southern Italy, and finally unified southern Italy and Sicily, and established the Kingdom of Sicily in the 12th century. Centered on the two brothers Robert Guiscard and Roger, this book tells the development of the Normans before the establishment of the Kingdom of Sicily. It clearly shows the interaction between political forces such as the Pope, Germany, Byzantium, Lombards and Arabs and the Normans, and outlines a grand yet detailed historical picture for readers.

After the establishment of the Kingdom of Sicily, it was once a powerful country in the Mediterranean region. It profoundly affected the political situation in Italy and even sent troops to fight overseas. The kingdom prospered in an atmosphere of tolerance. However, the Norman dynasty only lasted for about 60 years, and finally perished in tragic circumstances. This book tells the history of the Norman dynasty from its establishment to its demise, vividly describes its interaction with Germany, the Papal State, Byzantium, the Crusaders and other forces, and shows how a prosperous medieval kingdom gradually perished amid internal and external troubles. The author writes in a popular, humorous and slightly pitiful style, allowing readers to feel not only the glorious achievements of the Norman dynasty, but also the bitterness and helplessness in the decline process.

At the beginning of the 17th century, the nutmeg produced on an unknown island in the Pacific became the focus of competition among European countries in the spice competition. This triggered a fierce and bloody struggle between the Dutch East India Company and a small group of British spice merchants led by Nathaniel Courtop. This struggle eventually ended with the Netherlands and Britain reaching a deal with a far-reaching impact in history. The British ceded control of Lanyu Island to the Dutch, and in return received Manhattan. This book tells a wonderful adventure story. The author selects several representative spice merchants and vividly reproduces a legendary history for readers through their stories.

In 1870, the Franco-Prussian War broke out. French Emperor Napoleon III was quickly defeated and captured in Sedan. However, the collapse of the empire did not end the war. The newly established national defense government still held firm in Paris. The people of Paris suffered from shelling and hunger, and the French army's breakout and siege operations suffered disastrous failures. The defense government finally chose to humiliate Prussia and sue for peace. Anger and disappointment triggered the Commune Uprising that shocked the world. The author uses a large number of unpublished first-hand materials in this book to describe the climax of these dramatic 10 months. His shocking and superb writing skills and the direct records left by countless parties involved in the book make that distant history come alive again.

The series of knowledge comics "A Brief History of Humankind: From Animals to God" is adapted from "A Brief History of Humanity: From Animals to God" and is carefully created by author Professor Yuval Harari, Belgian comic artist David van der Meulen, and French illustrator Danielle Casanave. The comic series' scene-based expressions, imaginative fictional stories and cute jokester-like characters are like a comic book movie on paper, taking you through the epic journey of mankind from ancient times to the present. "A Brief History of Humanity: The Pillars of Civilization" is the second part of the series of knowledge comics after "A Brief History of Humanity: The Birth of Mankind". In the book, we will continue to follow Yuval, Zoe, Professor Saraswati, Cindy and Bill, Detective Lopez and the fictional doctor to explore how the "Agricultural Revolution" changed human society. How important is wheat's role in human history? How did war, famine and inequality arise? If humans had not transformed from nomads to settlers 12,000 years ago, would we have been happier than we are now? Did humans domesticate wheat, or did wheat deceive humans? Could the "Agricultural Revolution" be a historical hoax? Only by knowing what happened in the past can we understand why we are where we are now. The interesting, informative and high-quality "Pillars of Civilization" will continue to subvert your understanding like the first "The Birth of Man" and bring more surprises! Confucius, Faust, King Hammurabi, and the heroine Scarlett Hao of "Gone with the Wind" come to the book. Let us join this wild journey of history!

When Americans talk about "Old Thirteen", they proudly remember the thirteen states when the United States was first founded. This "old thirteen" state runs along the Atlantic coast and is like an edge on the vast continent. At that time, the French occupied Canada and wanted to conquer the south and strangle the British along the coast. But the British did not want the French flag to fly in other parts of the Americas, so they sent troops to fight fiercely with the French army with the help of Indians. As a result, Britain won. From then on, French influence in North America completely disappeared. After the battle with France, the British colonies were temporarily quiet for a while, but this quietness was the harbinger of a big storm. The British in the United States at that time never imagined that they would become people from another country, and they would never imagine that they would break away from their boss, Britain. Who knew that within a few years, this unimaginable situation would come to pass. The people of New England actually threw away the shackles of their motherland...

Extracurricular readings from the Republic of China period introduce the historical context and cultural characteristics of Germany. Including: the origin of the Germanic race, the achievements of Charlemagne, the origins of the Holy Roman Empire and the Pope, religious innovation, the Thirty Years' War, the situation before and after World War I, etc.

A historical masterpiece that fully introduces all aspects of society during the French Revolution. The author analyzes the contradictions between the three major classes in France, elucidates the overt and covert struggles of various party forces at that time and the change of power under Napoleon, and introduces in detail the French Revolution that wiped out the feudal forces in Europe and marked the beginning of civilization in the 19th century. The translator Wu Guangjian was the first person to translate Western classics in vernacular during the Republic of China. He was known as the "Master of Translation" and was highly praised by Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Liang Shiqiu, Lao She, Cao Yu, Hu Feng and others. He was even listed as one of the five major translators in China, alongside Xuanzang, Yan Fu, Lu Xun and Fu Lei.

Extracurricular readings from the Republic of China period introduce the historical context and cultural characteristics of Egypt.

Russia was only an agricultural country in history, and its industrial development was extremely slow, which was also due to its geography. The people in agricultural countries are relatively ignorant and conservative, so their culture is different from that of Western European countries, and is Asian or oriental. In terms of politics, because the people are accustomed to obedience, it has always been ruled by an autocratic monarch. It was not until the 1920s that the autocratic government was overthrown. All of these are very similar to the situation in our country. The most different thing from our country is that the history of our country is four to five thousand years old at least, while the history of Russia is only more than a thousand years old. But this is not the case in Russia. It is the same in most European countries. This is because the land is close to the cold zone, the people are small, and civilization is late.

In this book, Alain Burundi uses his unique combing method to completely reproduce the historical development process of the Mediterranean world from prehistoric times to today. Through a study of the Mediterranean region spanning fifteen thousand years, Alain Burundi integrates Eastern and Western perspectives to not only present the decline of empires, territorial conflicts, and political and religious tensions in modern times, but also to analyze the rifts caused by the confrontation between cultures, nations, and social classes. Reading this book is like completing an in-depth exploration of the Mediterranean. Readers can clearly see the vital role the Mediterranean played in shaping and influencing the historical process of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa.

This book uses first-hand archival materials to point out the shortcomings of certain theories and opinions in domestic and foreign academic circles. It pays special attention to using the economic and social changes in sub-Saharan Africa as a starting point to reflect on the history of colonial rule, and attempts to link case studies with the changes in the capitalist world system. After analyzing the post-war decision-making environment of the British government and the continuity and variability of previous government policies, the British government's policies are examined from four dimensions, namely the political dimension, the military dimension, the economic dimension and the prestige dimension. It also attempts to connect British policies with the changes in world capitalism by comparing the policies of other colonial masters and linking them with the transfer of British and American hegemony. The author sees British policy as proactive in the process of forced withdrawal from the colonies. The pressure of persecution came from the combined result of international pressure, colonial pressure and domestic pressure. The effects of various pressures varied in different regions and time periods. Overall, colonial pressure played a major role. As a result of the combined pressure, economic considerations are the basic basis for the British government to decide the direction of policy, while political or defense considerations play a role in accelerating or delaying policy implementation and specifically determining the method of policy implementation.

Japan is a special country. Its cultural core is extremely stable but its appearance is extremely changeable, making the world unpredictable. Only by understanding the uniqueness of Japanese history and the spiritual world of the Japanese can we understand Japan's influence on East Asia and even the direction of world history. This book presents readers with a three-dimensional and rich history of Japan from four dimensions. The first part starts with the unique Japanese sexual concepts and analyzes the uniqueness of Japanese history and culture; the second part briefly describes the history from the Jomon period to the Meiji Restoration in chronological order, focusing on analyzing why Japan carried out the Taika Reform and why the Taika Reform failed, and comparing the similarities between Japan's historical trajectory and China; the third part analyzes the Japanese world concept and the historical Sino-Japanese relations; the fourth part summarizes the causes and characteristics of Japan's national character. This book uses multiple perspectives and understanding paths to answer confusions about Japan, and also provides a reference for understanding the uniqueness of Chinese civilization.

"The Collision of History: 1493" is a classic work that uses an alternative ecological perspective to interpret globalization and world history over the past 500 years. The author has visited various continents in Asia, Europe and the United States, citing the research results of ecologists, anthropologists, archaeologists and historians. He continues to challenge Eurocentrism and focuses on how the ecological collision between Europe and the Americas has substantially changed one aspect of human history. It answers our confusion about the destiny of mankind and the globalization of social development, and fundamentally explains the roots of the industrial revolution, malaria, and political disputes (immigration, trade policy, and culture wars). "The Collision of History: 1493" is both historical and inspiring, breaking the stereotypes of globalization in historical research and teaching. In current history textbooks, there are only a few sentences describing the event of Columbus landing on the American continent, and even less introduction to the history of the American continent. In Charles Mann's writing, Columbus landed on the American continent in 1492, which can be called the source of current globalization problems. It was one of the important events after the extinction of the dinosaurs. The "Columbian Exchange" brought about chaotic exchanges and collisions between the mysterious American continent and other independent continents - American independence and malarial mosquitoes, British Industrial Revolution and Amazon rubber, American silver and the intensification of the demise of the Ming Dynasty... Various seemingly unrelated events contain close connections. It was these events that accelerated the formation of the modern world. Teenagers will discover new perspectives on world history, and adult readers will also rethink the reasons for the stalemate of globalization.

India has a long history, a vast territory, a large population, and diverse languages. It is also a country with multiple ethnic groups and multiple religions coexisting. This book strives to fully reflect the current social features and folk customs of such a country, covering various aspects of India's history, geography, religion, ethnicity, language, customs, literature, art, education, etc. The book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction and brief summary of India from religious beliefs and caste system to life etiquette, food, clothing, housing and transportation; from weddings, funerals, festival customs, to the life characteristics of residents in various regions; from famous epics and folk tales to ancient fables, music, dance, tourist attractions, historical sites and legends, etc.

From a historical and realistic perspective, Chinese Indonesians are not only the backbone of local economic and social development, but also the builders and promoters of prosperous local culture, especially the flourishing of folk belief culture. It can be said that Indonesian Chinese folk belief culture penetrates into the lives of the public and is an important part of local Chinese culture. This book consists of four parts. The first part explores the types and origins of Indonesian Chinese folk beliefs, mainly analyzing the belief in group guardian gods, population protection gods, personal destiny gods and comprehensive gods. The second part explores the distribution and characteristics of temples in Indonesian Chinese folk beliefs, mainly analyzing the temple distribution of temples worshiped by the Chinese community as a whole, the distribution of temples worshiped by Chinese communities or regional gods, and the worship of some social groups. The distribution of temples in Indonesia is analyzed; the third part is to explore the cultural system of Indonesian Chinese folk beliefs, mainly from the symbolic system of Chinese folk beliefs, folk belief rituals and temple cultural systems; the fourth part is to explore the inheritance and innovation of Indonesian Chinese folk belief culture, mainly from the Indonesian Chinese worship tradition of "original gods" and the path and performance of creating "localized gods".

The biggest key to why Japan has been able to leap into the ranks of world powers in the past fifty or sixty years is the Meiji Restoration. When a country embarks on a major reform, its internal and external situations must force it. If a country can be prosperous internally and have no enemies from outside, then the top and bottom will be harmonious and there will be no huge changes. The Meiji Restoration was a change from the 700-year-old shogunate-dominated politics to the Emperor's New Deal, which abolished feudal lords and established prefectures. The changes were indeed very significant. Yuanluo studies its causes and believes that it is the history of the Meiji Restoration.

An important document for studying the history of Ryukyu Kingdom. The Ryukyu Islands are located on the eastern outskirts of the East China Sea. They have been a tributary state of China since the Ming Dynasty. Kings of all dynasties have required canonization by the Chinese emperor. In May of the 21st year of Qianlong's reign (1756), Zhou Huang was ordered to go to the local area to canonize the new king. On the way, he paid attention to his historical anecdotes and customs. After returning to China, he compiled a large number of historical records and compiled this work to present to the court. In order for the country to understand all aspects of Ryukyu Country's situation and establish policies.

What secrets are hidden in the pyramids of ancient Egypt? What is the significance of the mysterious Mesopotamian cuneiform writing? Why did France give the Statue of Liberty to the United States? ... We should know all of this.

This book is the first historical monograph in China with the theme of British tea culture. The research object is British tea culture from the mid-17th century to the late 19th century. It aims to sort out the spread of tea culture as a heterogeneous culture in the UK, and then analyze its localization, analyze the formation and cultural connotation of British tea culture, especially afternoon tea, and explain the impact of tea culture on British economy, politics and social culture. It not only sorted out the formation process and characteristics of British tea culture, but also revealed that tea culture has the characteristics of the integration of material culture and spiritual culture. Its localization in the UK is closely related to many aspects such as economy, politics and even Sino-British relations. As an important part of British social culture, its historical influence can be said to be extensive and profound.

Since the British colonial period, the Fujian people have constituted the majority of the Chinese dialect community in the Straits Settlements of the Malay Peninsula, exerting a relatively large influence on the Malayan region since the 19th century. However, in the Kuala Lumpur region, which belongs to the Malay Federation, Fujianese do not account for the majority in most areas. However, in big cities such as Kuala Lumpur, the Fujian community often has a relatively large say in Chinese society because they are good at doing business. This book takes the Fujian community in Kuala Lumpur, which has the third largest population, and its community organization, the Selangor Fujian Association, as the research object. Through meeting minutes, Yishan receipts and other contents, it shows the existence of dialect communities in the big cities in Malaya before the independence of Malaya in 1957. It has important academic significance in promoting the study of Chinese in Malaysia today.

The history of the transformation periods of civilizations in the ancient world is an important issue of concern to historians. This topic discusses the historical phenomena of several transformation periods such as ancient Greece and Rome from different perspectives to further deepen the understanding of the laws and characteristics of historical development. This paper analyzes the difficulties and trends faced by Greek city-states in their transformation into the imperial era, and points out that Greek city-states in crisis do not have the conditions and motivation to establish an empire like Rome at the end of the Republic. Yang Gongle analyzed the role of economic factors in the transformation of Rome from a republic to a head of state, and pointed out the close relationship between the change of political system and economic development. Liu Linhai analyzed the concept of "Eternal Rome" in the late Roman Empire and pointed out that although the concept of "Eternal Rome" did not disappear with the decline of Rome, it was even strengthened.

As a universal historical phenomenon that has existed since ancient times, although human cross-cultural exchanges are sometimes apparent and sometimes subtle, sometimes intense and sometimes dim, this grand narrative and magnificent picture has never been interrupted and continues to this day. A history of human cross-cultural communication is a history of human beings constantly inventing and superimposing communication media based on the communication abilities endowed by nature and driven by productive labor and social practice, so that human civilization continues to extend and improve. The symbiosis of civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean world during the Amarna era can be regarded as one of the earliest examples in human history of which large-scale cross-cultural exchanges promoted peaceful coexistence among various civilization units and thus formed a regional symbiosis of civilizations for which there are conclusive documents. This book vertically examines the international political ecology that produced the symbiosis of civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean world in the Amarna era; horizontally, it explores the value and function of cross-cultural communication media, subjects, channels, content and other elements in the formation of the symbiosis of civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean world in the Amarna era, as well as the experiences and lessons contained therein. The essential attribute of human civilization is diversity and unity. Egypt, Mitanni, Hittite, Babylon, Assyria and other countries and regions in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Amarna era achieved exchanges, integration and mutual learning allowed by the historical conditions at that time, achieving five hundred years of relative peace and prosperity. This is consistent with the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind proposed and advocated by China that "respects the diversity of world civilizations, transcends estrangement through exchanges of civilizations, overcomes conflicts of civilizations through mutual learning of civilizations, and transcends superiority of civilizations through coexistence of civilizations" has many similarities across historical time and space.

At the beginning of the 1st century BC, Rome had become the hegemonic country in the Mediterranean. Carthage was destroyed, the Greek states surrendered, and Spain, Gaul, and Pergamon returned to Rome. Expansion brought wealth and glory to Rome, but it also sown the seeds of violence and corruption. The power of the provincial governor expanded, and the soldiers who followed the governor in battle increasingly became the governor's "private soldiers", and the governor became a military giant of the separatist party. The wealth, beauty, and political culture from the Eastern Provinces also eroded the foundation of the Republic. At the same time, class divisions in Rome became increasingly serious. Aristocrats live in villas equipped with "sky baths" and feast on oysters, while many civilians live in shared apartment buildings and struggle to survive. The class struggle became intense. All parties to the struggle continue to break through the political bottom line. This book takes Caesar's crossing of the Rubicon as the starting point and depicts the magnificent and bloody history of the last century of the Roman Republic. This is a great era of political transformation, full of power struggles, political intrigues, class struggles and brutal civil wars. There are many characters in the book, including not only political giants such as Sulla, Caesar, Pompey, Cicero, Antony, and Octavian, but also political clowns who dress up as women, frustrated politicians who sit by the fish pond and "lie down" while fishing, and assassins who sacrifice their lives for the sake of the Republic. Together they played a variation on the path to empire.

"The Collision of History: 1491" is the work of American journalist Charles Mann. He followed a scientific research team to the sites of ancient American civilizations, visited and investigated local historical relics, folk customs, and consulted local preserved historical documents and records, as well as many archaeologists. Experts in science, anthropology, biology, linguistics, sociology, and ethnology communicated and communicated. They used vivid language to describe that the people of the Americas had an amazing amount of knowledge and developed a highly complex civilization 500 years ago, subverting the world's cognition and broadening readers' horizons. In addition, "The Collision of History: 1491" is equipped with dozens of precious pictures, leading readers through thousands of years, uncovering the mystery of the American continent, and presenting a clear and true history of Native American social civilization. The immersive feeling, the fascinating storyline, the wonderful and thorough research reasoning, and the amazing observation perspective make "The Collision of History: 1491" an introductory work for readers to understand the history of the Americas. In addition, this book is also suitable for parents and children to read together. In the story of the Indian Empire, it restores the violence, terror and cruelty in the historical collision, discovers the interest of history, and absorbs the wisdom of life. "The Collision of History: 1491" bids farewell to obscure professional terminology and uses concise and entertaining words to show readers a different history of the Americas, explaining what a "historical, factual, informative and interesting history book" is. At the same time, this book changes the long-standing common perception of "the American continent is barbaric" and opens a new window for young people to understand the world.

It is generally believed that the Silk Road began when Zhang Qian passed through the Western Regions. But in fact, the road from Central Asia and India to the Mediterranean had been opened as early as the Persian Empire. The Greek Alexander's Eastern Expedition and the establishment of his empire, as well as the formation of the Hellenistic world, strengthened and expanded the connections and exchanges between the East and the West. Therefore, once Zhang Qian set foot on the land of Central Asia, he actually announced the opening of the Silk Road across the Eurasian continent. Along the Silk Road, many ancient countries and peoples once existed, the most important of which were the Parthian Empire, the Kushan Empire, the Roman Empire, the Sasanian Persian Empire, as well as the Sogdians, known as the Silk Road commercial people, and the nomads active on the grassland Silk Road. They all more or less dominated or participated in the economic, trade and cultural exchanges along the Silk Road. This book focuses on the relationship between these countries or nations and the Silk Road, focusing on the profound historical background of the establishment of this connection and the role they played in the development, development and continuation of the Silk Road. This book also has historical reference significance for the current construction of the Belt and Road Initiative and how to establish positive interactions with the countries and regions it covers.

Stand in front of the throne of Charlemagne in the Aachen Cathedral and relive the empire that created Europe; shuttle through the lanes of Nuremberg, Bruges and Genoa to feel the urban renaissance and economic buds of the Middle Ages; stroll along the cliffs of Sagres in southern Portugal and imagine the navigator King Enrique Gaze at the sight of the returning sailboat at the end of the horizon; meet Copernicus in Poland, who overturned human cosmology; search for the spirit of parliamentarianism in the corridors of Westminster; see the soul of the French Revolution in the Ballroom of the Palace of Versailles... Stroll around the European continent and learn about its history and past. Today in the 21st century, nationalism is on the rise. Many Europeans no longer consider themselves Europeans, yet the continent's histories are inextricably linked. The Spanish, Poles, Germans and French have experienced the same medieval times, castles, Renaissance, Enlightenment, Revolution, Industrial Revolution, two world wars... This is an undeniable fact, but it has been forgotten by many people. The author hopes that this walk will reawaken the same genes that flow in European blood.

Taxation is an important pillar of national finance, and the operation of the state machine of the ancient Mesopotamia civilization is also inseparable from taxation. The ancient Mesopotamian civilization (approximately 3200 BC - 330 BC) is one of the earliest civilizations in human history. During its historical development that lasted for three thousand years, it went through several periods and dynasties. The tax system of the Third Dynasty of Ur (2112 BC - 2004 BC) The research is of great theoretical significance for us to understand and understand the political system, economic system, military and diplomatic system of the ancient Mesopotamia, and even the historical development of ancient West Asian civilization. It also has certain practical significance for the tax system reform carried out in our country today. This book is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the general situation of the Third Dynasty of Ur. Chapter 2 discusses the bala tax in core provinces. Chapter 3 analyzes the gun2ma-da tax in peripheral provinces. Chapter 4 studies the gun2 tax of dependent countries. Chapter 5 studies the royal ma2-da-ri-a tax. Chapter 6 discusses temple tithes (zag-u). Chapter 7 explores the close relationship between tax reform and the governance of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and analyzes the development and decline of the politics, economy and civilization of the Third Dynasty of Ur through the tax reform measures carried out during the reigns of the three kings Shulgi, Amalsin and Shusin. In the conclusion part, we summarize and summarize the characteristics and historical significance of the tax system of the Third Dynasty of Ur, as well as the relationship between the tax system and the political, economic and cultural development of the Third Dynasty of Ur.

"Global History Review" is a serial publication sponsored by the Global History Research Center of Capital Normal University. It is a collection of academic papers that provides a communication platform for global history research. Professor Qi Shirong, a well-known expert on world history in my country, and Professor Jerry H. Bentley, former president of the American World History Association, editor-in-chief of the Journal of World History, professor of the Department of History at the University of Hawaii, and an internationally renowned expert on global history, serve as academic consultants, and chief editor Liu Xincheng. In order to promote domestic global history research and teaching and create a brand effect, the Global History Research Center began to edit and publish the Global History Review in 2008, which collects academic papers and related academic information on global history by domestic and foreign scholars. Its content currently includes columns such as "Global History Theory and Methods", "Global History Special Research", "Global History\u002F World History Teaching", "Scholar Reviews", "Book Reviews", and "Academic Trends". The publishing plan is two volumes per year, and a total of 18 volumes have been published so far.

This book is a library project of veteran cadres of the Academy of Social Sciences. As an expert on Balkan issues, the author has devoted his life to Balkan history. This book is the first monograph in China that systematically introduces and discusses the modern history of the Balkan countries, including the history of the Balkan peninsula from the rule of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires, World War I and World War II, the Cold War era, and the history of the Balkan countries since the drastic changes in Eastern Europe. The Balkans have played an extremely important role in modern world history due to their important historical and geographical position, and are known as the powder keg of the world. Based on the most important historical facts in this book, it introduces the major historical events and historical figures of the Balkan countries, and analyzes and studies the personalities and commonalities in the development of the Balkan countries.

When Alexander the Great's Greek armies invaded the Indus Valley in the 4th century BC, they were completely unaware that this region in northwestern India had once been a center of civilization comparable to that of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. From 2600 BC to 1900 BC, the Indus Valley Civilization flourished for half a century, but then mysteriously declined and disappeared from people's sight, remaining unknown for nearly 4,000 years. It was not until the 1920s that British and Indian archaeologists discovered its remains. Today, after nearly a century of excavations, it is recognized as the beginning of Indian civilization and possibly the origin of Hinduism. More than a thousand Indus settlements excavated by archeology cover an area of 800,000 square kilometers. This area is now Pakistan and India: it once had the most prosperous urban culture, with active maritime export trade with cities such as the Persian Gulf and Ur, and the two largest Indian cities: Harappa and Morocco. Henzo Darrow (selected as a World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO) has advanced street planning and drainage design, the world's first toilet, a fine diamond gem necklace, and a semi-pictographic writing system that inspired people to constantly try to interpret. These are still of great inspiration to 20th century society.

This book is one of the "Lost Civilizations" series and won the 2018 Society of American Archeology Popular Book Award. The flourishing Greek and Roman civilizations in Mediterranean Europe did not develop in isolation. To their north, from the Atlantic to the Urals, uncivilized peoples lived in river valleys, mountains, plains and coasts. The stories of these people, although known almost only through archaeological excavations of their settlements, offerings, monuments and tombs, are as compelling as those of great cultures and urban civilizations. Through the latest discoveries of these people, analysis of related celebrations, tourist attractions and even political events, we can discover wonderful European prehistoric societies that actually echo the present day. From the Stone Age to the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West, this book introduces the history of the barbarians, their evolving technological achievements and unique behaviors that were only belatedly recorded in writing, mostly in the form of second-hand records. This book focuses on the important discoveries about barbarians. The author Peter Bergaki narrates these discoveries through the introduction of the long-term continuous development of ancient societies, the modern understanding of the nature of ancient societies, and the rich heritage left by ancient societies. This book is written by an authoritative scholar for the general public. It is comprehensive in content, concise and easy to understand, and has exquisite pictures. It can bring knowledge and interest to readers who are interested in ancient history, human civilization, and European and world history. It will supplement and enrich domestic readers' understanding of "barbarians".

On February 21, 1916, gunfire sounded on the right bank of the Meuse River, and the Battle of Verdun, known as the "meat grinder" in World War I, began. The battle lasted for October and resulted in the highest number of casualties per square foot of the war at over 700,000. The soldiers once thought that the battle would never end until the last German and the last French killed each other. This book gives a panoramic description of this terrible battle, covering all aspects of the situation before and after the war, strategy and tactics, transportation, air and land battles, suffering and glory, generals and soldiers, etc. In the author's writing, De Leon fought to death in the forest, Kunze's legendary break-in to Fort Douaumont, Joubert watched fighter planes fly in the hell of Mount Muerte, and Renard released the last heroic carrier pigeon in Warburg... These legendary scenes appear on the page one by one, and the vivid characters shake people's hearts with their fate and character. The book also criticizes the arrogance and folly of both warring parties, and provides a profound reflection on the tragic war and the fate of mankind. The Battle of Verdun is the key to understanding the Great War, a concentrated release of all its violent energy. It broke the backbone of a generation of French people and became the origin of the German Blitzkrieg in World War II. Its influence has not completely dissipated to this day.

This book tells the story of how merchants and adventurers from Elizabethan England crossed the Atlantic and settled in the New World. In 1584, a voyage organized by Walter Raleigh arrived at Roanoke Island. In order to establish a settlement here, they made many attempts and explorations over the next 20 years and invested a lot of money, manpower and materials. Their experiences ranged from funny to tragic, and the whereabouts of some remain a mystery to this day. With the efforts of generations of adventurers, Jamestown was finally built in 1611. This was the first permanent colony established by the English on the far side of the Atlantic Ocean. Based on a large number of diaries and manuscripts, the author tells readers this ups and downs, exciting, mysterious and vivid story, and leads readers on an adventure journey to America.

The Second World War, also known as the World Anti-Fascist War, was the second war on a global scale fought between the three fascist axis powers of Germany, Japan, and Italy and the slave countries of Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria on one side, and the Anti-Fascist Alliance and global anti-fascist forces on the other. The scope of the war involved Asia, Europe, Africa and Oceania, as well as the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. 61 Countries and regions, more than 2 billion people were involved in the war, and more than 90 million soldiers and civilians were killed or injured. It was the largest world war in human history. "The Complete History of World War II" brings together a large number of precious historical materials and strives to completely reproduce the entire process of World War II, interpret the causes and consequences in detail, objectively comment on the political economy, clear up the fog, restore the historical truth, and solve many mysteries. It not only tells the process of World War II from a macro perspective, but also focuses on the details, striving to search for historical clues, and presenting a different full history to readers.

"Understanding Five Thousand Years of World History in Three Days (Upgraded Edition)" is written strictly in chronological order, striving to be clear and coherent. And after each time period or the history of a region, it will describe what China was like during the same period, helping readers to connect Chinese history with world history, so that readers can truly feel that Chinese history is part of world history. What are you still hesitating about? Hurry and read this book, you will find the answer within three days.

Eastern Europe, from the Danube River Basin to the steppes north of the Black Sea, is the westernmost point reached by the horsewhip of nomadic civilization, and it is the heartland that changed the direction of European history. From 1500 to 1800, Eastern Europe ushered in new changes. Millions of pioneers reclaimed grasslands into cultivated land in blood and tears. It was no longer horses but artillery that determined the outcome of the war. The force that formed the country changed from marauders on horseback to civil servants writing pens. The three major powers, the Ottomans, Habsburgs, and Russia, Hungary, Wallachia, and Moldova caught in the middle, and the spoilers, the Tatars and Cossacks... The borders of modern Eastern Europe were quietly delineated amidst the intrigues and conflicts of the various powers. This book describes the historical process of the transformation of the "steppe frontier" into a modern country, and writes about the three hundred years of chaos and chaos in Eastern Europe. How the Russian Empire rose, how Eastern Europe was formed in modern times, and even the situation in Eastern Europe from the 19th century to the present may be inspired by this book.

The goal of this book is to give readers an international perspective on China's peaceful rise through the record of the war and history in the Middle East. In the process of reading this book, readers can perceive the historical mission and world significance of China's great rejuvenation, thereby inspiring the Chinese people to unite as one and have the courage and determination to move forward and reach the top in the face of opportunities and challenges of major development, changes and adjustments in the world pattern. The book contains a large number of exclusive pictures taken by the author on the front line. The records are detailed and interesting, and the writing is vivid and friendly. It fully reflects the determination and courage of a journalist to lead a noble spirit, promote morality, face problems bravely, deliver positive energy, and contribute to the development of the country and society.