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"The Era of Great Change" is divided into three main parts. The first part depicts the intervention of the rich in national politics under the "old order". The federal government was largely subordinated to business interests, and the gap between the rich and the poor increased accordingly; the second part, "The Dynamics of Change", describes the various forces that have gradually changed the country's traditions since the 20th century: mass production, the Great Depression and the big government model, World War II and the rise of the United States as a world power. Against this background, the author shows how economic institutions can be reformed without being destroyed; in the conclusion, "The New America" ​​is a promising assessment of postwar American culture, and Allen analyzes many common and critical issues.

In the early morning of December 7, 1941, Honolulu residents who were accustomed to military exercises woke up to the noisy sound of artillery fire as usual. They did not realize that a magnificent symphony that staked the fate of the country had already been played... The arrogant Japan declared an undeclared war on the United States. The two giant ships of Pearl Harbor soared into flames, and the unsinkable legend disappeared into the towering black smoke. The Japanese army then became overwhelming. The overwhelming sun flag became the messenger of death on the vast ocean, and the Japanese soldiers were regarded as monsters by their opponents, leaving behind the myth of invincibility. However, the Japanese army's "Victory Disease" gave the US military an opportunity. The Japanese fleet tried to lure the main force of the U. S. Military into a trap and annihilate it in one fell swoop, completely unaware that the movement had been grasped by the U. S. Military. In the end, all the participating aircraft carriers were buried at the bottom of the sea at Midway Island, and the strategic initiative was handed over to others. From Pearl Harbor to Midway, unprecedented fierce naval battles shook the foundations of the participating nations. The battle situation in these six months not only determined the direction of the Pacific War, but also affected the entire situation of World War II. If the balance of history moves even a little bit, the world we know will be completely different. "The Burning Ocean" writes about the gripping initial stage of the Pacific War. From it, we can not only appreciate the strategizing behind Roosevelt and Churchill's chatting and laughing, Yamamoto Isoroku's arrogant gamble, but also the despair of the pilots who narrowly escaped death when faced with the relics of their fallen comrades, and the despair of the fleet commander when he received unfavorable information just after issuing an order. When we rise and fall with the characters in the book, history is no longer out of reach.

This book is a reprint of "Hillier's History of the World (Revised Edition)". This book is a children's book. Mr. Hillier, the famous American education expert, has devoted his life to explaining the wonderful and colorful world history to young readers in simple and easy-to-understand terms, using children's easy-to-understand writing style, humorous expressions, and accurate and reliable facts.

"Making Peace: The 1919 Paris Peace Conference and the Post-War World It Opened (Great Power Diplomacy Trilogy)" returns to the diplomatic scene of the 20th century and witnesses the struggle of great powers that gave birth to a new order in the century of war. Oxford University professor and Johnson Prize winner vividly relives the Paris Peace Conference and looks at the sketches of today's world drawn by heads of state a century ago. An earth-shaking war, an unprecedented peace effort, a war that ended war, a peace that ended peace. International relations historian Margaret Macmillan uses a novelistic style and relies on massive documents to present the true history of the Paris Peace Conference. Macmillan uses rich details and poignant writing to show us a group portrait of the peacemakers, vividly expressing their personalities, ideals and prejudices, and is not merciless to her great-grandfather Lloyd George. She told us that the Paris Peace Conference was not only the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations that were criticized by the world, but the outbreak of World War II in 1939 should not be attributed to them either. However, the participants are not exempt from the blame for their poor decision-making. They originally wanted to create peace, but instead planted the seeds for larger-scale wars and more conflicts.

In 1664, the British defeated the Dutch and obtained the territory of "New Amsterdam" and named it "New York", which is now New York. This book tells the story of what happened during the reign of three Dutch governors. The author of this book is Washington Irving, known as the "Father of American Literature." He showed readers the early memories of New York in a humorous way, and used humorous writing to satirize the Dutch colonists at that time. New York's early geography, humanities, environment, urban construction, and resident migration and settlement are also reflected in the book. At the same time, this book is also of great significance in promoting the development of American national literature. It can be said that this book is of great reading and collection value from both a literary and historical perspective.

The main content of "The Old Regime and the Great Revolution" includes the polarized evaluations it endured when the Revolution broke out. The main and ultimate purpose of the Revolution was not, as people thought, to destroy religious power and weaken political power.

This book starts from 6000 BC to the 20th century, and runs through nearly 8,000 years. It integrates the stories of Byzantium, Constantinople and Istanbul in one book, with easy-to-use and vivid narratives and detailed and rigorous field investigations. And beautiful writing style, explore how this "world capital" has become the center of world civilization in its history of nearly a thousand years, and how it has formed its own unique characteristics under the influence of the blending of Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity, and Islam. As French General Napoleon said, "If the world were a country, Istanbul must be its capital." Through this book, we will re-understand what "cosmopolitanism" is and who we are as world citizens.

For hundreds of years, Venice created a maritime commercial empire in the eastern Mediterranean, while the Turks gradually encroached on the territory of this maritime giant through their powerful land and sea power. "City of Fortune" presents a brief history of the Republic of Venice, focusing on its diplomacy and wars in the Mediterranean world. Especially its unique role in the "Fourth Crusade" and as a shield of Christendom against the Ottoman Empire. Drawing on first-hand accounts of crusaders, captains and merchants, as well as extensive national archives, this work is a saga of commerce and empire, navigation and piracy.

On February 21, 1916, gunfire sounded on the right bank of the Meuse River, and the Battle of Verdun, known as the "meat grinder" in World War I, began. The battle lasted for October and resulted in the highest number of casualties per square foot of the war at over 700,000. The soldiers once thought that the battle would never end until the last German and the last French killed each other. This book gives a panoramic description of this terrible battle, covering all aspects of the situation before and after the war, strategy and tactics, transportation, air and land battles, suffering and glory, generals and soldiers, etc. In the author's writing, De Leon fought to death in the forest, Kunze's legendary break-in to Fort Douaumont, Joubert watched fighter planes fly in the hell of Mount Muerte, and Renard released the last heroic carrier pigeon in Warburg... These legendary scenes appear on the page one by one, and the vivid characters shake people's hearts with their fate and character. The book also criticizes the arrogance and folly of both warring parties, and provides a profound reflection on the tragic war and the fate of mankind. The Battle of Verdun is the key to understanding the Great War, a concentrated release of all its violent energy. It broke the backbone of a generation of French people and became the origin of the German Blitzkrieg in World War II. Its influence has not completely dissipated to this day.

"Steppe Empire" is a classic work written by Rene Grusset. It is a typical general history of Central Asia. This book is widely recognized by the world's historical circles for its detailed and systematic description of the three thousand years of history of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia. The publication of Rene Grusset's "Steppe Empire" marks the formal acceptance of the history of Eurasia by the outside world. Its greatest feature is that it examines the history of the Mongol Empire from a new perspective. "Grassland Empire" covers a long time, starting from the Huns in the barbaric period and ending in the early Qing Dynasty. Rene Grusset carefully compiled a clear line of thought from the development routes of various ethnic groups active on the Eurasian steppes, which once covered Eastern Europe, West Asia, Central Asia, North Asia, Russian steppes and other plateaus and mountains, allowing readers to fully understand the essence of steppe regimes.

The British Empire reigned supreme in the 19th century, with its territories and colonies spread all over the world. It was known as the Empire on which the sun never sets. The newly born United States dominated the 20th century, and its politics, economy, culture, and military influenced the historical process of the 20th century in all aspects. Since the Industrial Revolution, the two English-speaking countries have dominated the world for more than 200 years. This is by no means an accident. Winston Churchill revealed the secrets to us profoundly and vividly with his broad strokes. This is his historical masterpiece "History of the English People", coupled with his monumental memoirs "Memoirs of the First World War" and "Memoirs of the Second World War", which almost completely describe the historical trajectory of the English-speaking people from the wilderness to the world's super power. A great empire composed of English-speaking people on the earth - including Western powers such as Britain, the United States, Canada and Australia - gradually formed after a long and tortuous process; their existence has profoundly changed the world's civilized landscape and powerfully influenced the world's civilization. The destiny of mankind and the direction of history... In this great work that took 30 years to create, Churchill, the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature and a famous figure in British history, paints a panoramic "picture of empire" for readers with profound insights and epic strokes.

During the critical decade of reforms by Lincoln, Bismarck, and Alexander II, the United States, Germany, and Russia established the world power structure. 1861-1871, Particularly dazzling in the historical galaxy. Lincoln, Bismarck, and Alexander II promoted reforms in their respective countries, forging free nations and witnessing the rise of a new philosophy of power. The revolutions in the United States, Germany and Russia were all carried out in the name of freedom, but in very different ways: Lincoln wanted to give the United States a "new life of freedom", abolished the black slave system, and opened the way for the United States to become the world's leading power; Bismarck used "iron blood" to promote power and unify the German states, clearing obstacles for the rise of a unified Germany; Alexander II's "top-down" reforms broke the shackles of serfdom and put Russia on the road to a modern power. The reform masters shaped the United States, Germany, and Russia in their own styles, leading the three countries to embark on three different paths of freedom, autocracy, and revolution, and established the pattern of today's world. Beland clarifies the internal logic of complex historical events, organically connects the American Civil War, the abolition of slavery in Russia, and the establishment of the German Empire according to time slices, revealing the inevitable reasons why Lincoln, Bismarck, and Alexander II were selected by history to become reform giants, as well as the occurrence patterns of major events.

"A Brief History of the British Empire" vividly and rigorously tells the history of the establishment, development, strength, and decline of the British Empire from the reign of Elizabeth I to the end of the Ottawa Conference in 1932. This book is divided into three parts, corresponding to the three stages of the British Empire - the British Empire, the Second British Empire and the Third British Empire. The first part mainly tells the history of the British Empire's colonization of the Americas. The second part tells the history of the Second British Empire's colonization of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and India. The third part tells the history of the Third British Empire's heavy losses in World War I and the rebirth of the colonies and autonomous dominions after the war.

The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was one of the most destructive wars in European history, ravaging all of Central Europe, killing millions, razing towns and villages to the ground, and causing great trauma. In proportion, the human losses caused by the Thirty Years' War even exceeded those of the subsequent World War II. At the same time, the Thirty Years' War had a profound impact on subsequent German history. Peter Wilson's book provides a comprehensive introduction to the war, covering not only the military and political aspects, but also the cultural and social aspects. Wilson analyzed the structure of the Holy Roman Empire at that time, made a detailed analysis of the causes and consequences of the war, described the process of the war in detail, and also analyzed the huge impact of the war on later generations.

This book is written by American historian Mary Pratt Parmelee. The book is divided into 20 chapters, from the migration of Indo-European languages ​​to the establishment of the German Empire. The author uses historical events to connect German history together. The content is extensive, interesting and easy to understand.

Do we understand Chinese history? From ancient tribes to the Qing Dynasty, is China really a celestial kingdom? What position did China occupy in world history? Without understanding China in world history, it is impossible to truly reflect on the present, understand the rise and fall of the past, and have a profound understanding of the significance of today's rejuvenation and rise. Grusset's "History of the Chinese Empire" takes the historical development time of Chinese civilization as a clue and uses vivid and objective language as a carrier. It collects the major historical events and deeds of outstanding figures in the past dynasties since the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. The text is easy to understand, the content respects historical facts, and impartially comments on the characters, allowing readers to be inspired by both history and literature.

Chekhov was the last master of critical realism in Russia in the late 19th century and a master of short stories. He is known as the "King of Short Stories in the World". He was good at digging out people and events of typical significance from daily life, making high-level artistic summaries through humorous and ridiculous plots, and shaping small characters with typical personalities. He used this to reflect the Russian society at that time, laugh at ugly social phenomena, and express his deep sympathy for the hardworking people. His novels are compact and concise, concise and concise, full of humor, and allow readers to figure out the meaning of the work from the image system. Every plant and tree in his writing is lifelike, and his depictions of psychology are often penetrating, and he has become synonymous with short stories. This book is a collection of Chekhov's classic short stories, which selects dozens of works that are considered classics and widely circulated.

This book is the novel in which Dazai Osamu spent a long time collecting materials, considering the structure, and studied the most based on Lu Xun when he was a student at Sendai Medical College. It had a subtle influence on "Disqualification in the World". Osamu Dazai got rid of the decadence in the early stage of creation and created a transparent and warm world with tranquility and sincerity. However, as this effort was unfortunately shattered, it finally inevitably led to panic and despair, which eventually evolved into the tragic ending of "Aye" in "The Human Disqualification". The book does not pursue a detailed account of Lu Xun's experience studying in Japan. It focuses on showing a young man's journey through loneliness and confusion in pursuit of his ideals and finding the correct value and direction of life. It entrusts Dazai Osamu's expectations for freedom and happiness, and encourages young people to bid farewell to the gloomy life of the past and meet the beauty of the future through their own efforts.

This book collects 16 ghost stories written by Kontaro Tanaka, a master of Japanese ghost fiction literature. Kontaro Tanaka is Japan's most prolific, representative, and wide-ranging author of ghost story novels. He was deeply influenced by the creation of Chinese classical novels and determined to write works like Pu Songling's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio". In his works, ghosts and ghosts are all lifelike, wandering around in strange and bizarre stories to reflect the world. Although it is something "made out of nothing", it is interesting and reasonable. The stories selected in this book are all masterpieces created with great painstaking efforts by Kontaro Tanaka. The plots are twists and turns, gripping, and rarely preachy. The stories demonstrate the aesthetic style of Japanese monster literature, making them thrilling and addictive to read.

"Warring States Policy" is a national history book. "Warring States Policy" mainly describes the political opinions and diplomatic strategies of the political advisors during the Warring States Period. It shows the historical characteristics of the Warring States Period and the style of political games among various countries. It is an important classic for studying the history of the Warring States Period. "Warring States Policy" is a compiled historical work with an unknown author. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang compiled it according to country.

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"The Scholars" is a mirror looking into the demons of feudal society. Through true and vivid descriptions of the shameless behavior of feudal literati, bureaucrats, tycoons, market scoundrels, etc., It profoundly exposes the decadence of the feudal system that is about to collapse, strongly criticizes the evil imperial examination system, and touches on the political system, ethics, social atmosphere, etc.

This is a popular historical book that writes the history of the Warring States Period. From the beginning of the Warring States Period when three families were divided into the Jin Dynasty, and the seven heroes rose up together to compete in the world, to the remnants of the sixth generation of Qin King Ying Zheng Fen, who annexed the six eastern kingdoms, the author uses time as a clue to write classic stories and classic characters throughout the troubled times. These stories come from classic history books such as "Warring States Policy", "Historical Records", and "Zi Zhi Tong Jian". They are full of ups and downs and are popular among the people. Nie Zheng's assassination of Han, Jing Ke's assassination of Qin, Su Qin and Zhang Yi's inspiration, Sun Bin and Fan Ju's revenge, Mengchang Jun surrounded Wei to save Zhao, Shang Yang's reform, hundreds of schools of thought blossomed, and the national spirit, thought and culture of later generations Culture and political systems can all be traced back to the story of the Warring States Period; how the monarch governed the country, the military strategists' tactics, the strategic wisdom of the politicians, and the profound thoughts of the philosophers have deeply inspired future generations.

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It describes various folk customs in urban and rural China at the end of the 19th century, promotes the eradication of bad customs, and the plot of meeting with Li Hongzhang and other late Qing bureaucrats. It is a documentary subject matter that records some folk customs that seem strange to today's people, and is of a curious nature.

"The Beginning and End of the Revolution of 1911" takes the Revolution of 1911 as the core event and tells the story of Chinese history and social changes from 1908 to 1912. The book begins when Emperor Xuantong ascends the throne and ends when the Nanjing Provisional Government moves north. This period was a period of intense social turmoil in China, with complicated characters and events. This book vividly and popularly describes this serious and profound history, absorbs and uses the latest information discovered and mastered by the current historians, grasps the main events, and tells this thrilling revolutionary chapter in chronological order, interspersed with introductions of important figures, and dotted with interesting historical details.

A history of China in the 20th century can also be said to be a collection of practical records of the Chinese people during this century. It has experienced tragic encounters and enjoyed the joy of victory; in the process of achieving victory, it has experienced great successes and serious setbacks. All opinions and opinions have been tested in such rich practice. It can explain better than any eloquent words what is correct and what is fallacious, and leaves endless enlightenment to future generations. Throughout the history of China in the 20th century, a clear theme runs throughout: striving for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation faces two major historical tasks: one is to seek national independence and people's liberation, and the other is to realize the prosperity of the country and the common prosperity of the people. It must be carried out in two steps: the latter is the goal that people long for and strive for, and the former is the necessary prerequisite for the latter.

Prince Dan and King Qin were actually good friends when they were young? Was Wu Zetian jealous and framed by her daughter-in-law, Empress Wei? The cockfighting prodigy and Yang Guifei were once neighbors? Papermaking was actually introduced to Europe because of Gao Xianzhi's defeat in a war? In the book "Chen Shunchen's Brief History of Eighteen Years: A Minimalist Version of Chinese History", the author selects ten historical fragments, focusing on ten historical figures, and tells the history of fifteen centuries from the Warring States to the Yuan Dynasty, involving politics, economy, culture and other fields. It is both professional and interesting. It is a concise and popular book for quickly understanding Chinese history.

This book is a masterpiece written by master historian Lu Simian. From the outbreak of the Opium War in 1848 to the end of the Anti-Japanese War, this book covers all the major events, important figures, social systems, and world styles in modern history in meticulous detail. It is the best example for history lovers and history researchers to understand and analyze the modern history of China.

"Chen Shun-chen's Eighteen Historical Briefs: The Wenzhi Era" is the fifth and final book in the "Chen Shun-chen's Eighteen Historical Briefs" series. It tells the history from the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms to the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty. "Wenzhi Era" takes as its main line the internal political struggles of the Song Dynasty and the external conflicts and connections with the Liao, Jin, Xixia, and Mongolia. What impact did Song Taizu's civilism and the national policy of free speech have on scholar-bureaucrats? What was the content of Wang Anshi's reform, and what were the reasons why it faced opposition and ultimately failed? What was Song Gaozong's impression of the main war faction represented by Li Gang and the peace-making faction represented by Zhang Bangchang? Why was Qin Hui's frame-up of Yue Fei supported by Gaozong and the court officials? What made Genghis Khan the conqueror of the steppes? The author's many unique views are all in "Wenzhi Era".

This book is Professor Wei Feide's doctoral thesis, an academic work that studies China's transformation into modern times in the late Qing Dynasty. The main "gate" to China in the Qing Dynasty was Guangzhou, and the "strangers" were foreigners. As the name suggests, "Strangers at the Gate" is related to the history of foreigners breaking into Guangzhou (the gate of China), and about the foreign invasion of China during the Opium War. However, this book is not mainly based on this study. Instead, it uses the two Opium Wars of the British invasion of China as clues to study the social dynamics of Guangzhou and Guangdong Province during this historical period, such as the attitudes of the government, gentry, regiment training, farmers, etc. Towards foreign countries; their respective activities, mutual relationships and changes, thereby revealing some trends in the beginning of modern Chinese history.

The British Empire in Darwin's eyes was not only created by kings and conquerors but also by the ambition and enterprising spirit of countless individuals. These people include businessmen, investors, immigrants, missionaries, etc. It is their various interests and demands that together form a complex relationship in which each has its own agenda. It was these pioneers or colonists who left Britain and went to various countries around the world who shaped the world in their vastly different ways: getting involved in the politics of each continent, laying the political model for modern countries, cultural migration based on their mother tongue, and the penetration and spread of various technologies and values... Why did such a great empire not continue to prosper or was it never truly established? There are so many native English-speaking people living in every corner of the world, controlling economic and political entities of different natures, but why are their ideological differences so great and even at odds with each other? Was the British Empire in history the destroyer of culture or the creator of global integration? What profound impact did it have on then, now and in the future? From the blazing ambition to dominate the world to the helpless disillusionment of the imperial dream, this book takes us into each historical scene to gain an in-depth understanding of the past of the British Empire's global expansion and its profound impact on today's world and even the future.

In the 1830s, Darwin embarked on a five-year circumnavigation on the HMS Beagle (HMS Beagle), collecting and observing a large number of animals, plants and geological structures. In 1859, he published the epoch-making work "The Origin of Species". In this book, Darwin proposed the theory of evolution for the first time, proving that species evolve through natural selection and artificial selection. The theory of evolution was hailed by Engels as one of the three major discoveries in natural science in the 19th century and had a profound impact on later generations.

Energy issues are the fundamental issues of human society. If you understand the history of energy, you will also understand the history of mankind. Energy can cause wars, but it can also promote international cooperation; energy can lead to industrial revolutions, but it can also cause economic crises; energy can promote the development of science and technology, and can also cause environmental damage... The masterpiece of Richard Rhodes, winner of the Pulitzer Prize, the National Book Award, and the National Book Critics Circle Award, and a nuclear energy expert! Open this book and see how energy dominates human society in terms of politics, economy, science and technology. Coal, oil, electricity and other energy sources have accelerated the process of industrialization and urbanization, and have also caused over-exploitation, energy depletion, coal pollution, greenhouse effect, and nuclear leakage... The knowledge is professional, the text is easy to understand, and there are 109 exquisite illustrations. It has been called "professional history" and "a masterpiece of popular science" by Kirkus Reviews!

A well-known historian of the Mongolian Empire and an expert on inland Eurasian history and culture; he compiles historical materials in six languages ​​and uses pearls as a window to link land and sea trade in the Eurasian world; he traces the cross-ecological interaction between the north and the south and reexamines the long-term influence of Mongolian political culture. In 1221, in present-day Turkmenistan, a woman captured by Mongol soldiers claimed to have swallowed her pearls to protect them. She was immediately executed, and in order to find a few pearls, Genghis Khan ordered his soldiers to disembowel those who died on the battlefield. With aesthetic, economic, religious and political value, pearls were the supreme treasure of the ancient world. And Mongolia, the most extensive inland empire in history, is its unrivaled collector, supporter, and transmitter. What kind of new starting point and new challenge will it bring for nomadic people to expand their influence to the ocean area?

This book is the second in the series of "Ming Dynasty Market Weekly". It excerpts some classic passages from the Chinese classic "Three Words and Two Patterns", re-translates and edits them, uses modern language to interpret classic literature, reproduces the style of the Ming Dynasty market at that time, and shows the various life styles of people from all walks of life at that time. "Three Words and Two Patterns" is the pinnacle of Chinese classical short stories in vernacular. It tells a secular story at a time and is called the ancestor of modern lace magazines. This time I re-edited the excerpts and found the author to rewrite it into a more modern language, but at the same time retained the classical charm of the original work. It is also to promote the classics of Chinese studies and let more people appreciate the charm of Chinese culture.

This volume focuses on the rise and evolution of cartographic concepts and cartographic practices in the two major civilizations of Islam and South Asia, covering a wide range of types and themes. It is the most comprehensive review of the history of cartography to date. The book is full of information and contains a lot of information. It not only helps readers understand the characteristics, traditions and development of these two civilizations' cartographic activities from their own perspectives, but also lays a solid foundation for in-depth discussions in related academic fields. It also opens up new topics for future cross-cultural comparative research on the history of cartography from a global perspective.

This book is Miyazaki's representative work. By collecting examples scattered in historical records and biographies, Miyazaki Shisei strives to find the correspondence between rural grades and official grades, breaks through the traditional research model, and accurately describes the development and evolution of the Nine-grade Officials Law, a system of official selection that ran through the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and down to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, over more than 300 years, and used this as a line It integrates the official selection system, the official position system and the aristocratic system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and profoundly reveals the political system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the ups and downs of the medieval aristocracy. It opens up a new situation for the study of the medieval electoral system, and can even be said to have drawn a watershed for the research at that time. After the book was published, it received critical acclaim from the academic community and won Japan's highest academic award, the "Bachelor's Academy Award". It has become a must-read classic for studying the history of China's Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties.

In the nine articles in the main body of "The Sense of Reality: A Study of Ideas and Their History," Isaiah Berlin explores some of the core concepts that have dominated the development of European history in the past three centuries, traces the rise and evolution of important ideological trends, and teases out an evolutionary path from Kantianism through Romanticism to nationalism. The book touches on many topics, such as realism in history, political judgment, and the responsibility of art. Berlin pointed out that good historians, politicians and novelists have a similar talent for discerning the characteristics and subtle relationships of specific moments, which is the "sense of reality." These articles demonstrate Berlin's extremely profound knowledge, insight, and fluent writing. This book has been updated to the second edition of Princeton, with a preface written by Timothy Snyder, and two articles written by Berlin himself: "The Great Russian Critic: V. G. Belinsky" and "The End of Perfect Social Theory", which are of great reading value.

This book is the culmination of Miyazaki City's research on imperial examinations. The author combs through the talent selection system in ancient China, from the Xiaolian Ke in the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Nine-Rank Officials' Law in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and finally developed into the imperial examination system. Taking the imperial examination in the Qing Dynasty as an example, the author introduces in detail the procedures and details of the imperial examination, as well as the use of other official appointments other than the imperial examination. It elaborates on the profound impact of the imperial examination system on Chinese society since the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In this incisive, concise work, popular American history writer Barbara W. Tuchman explores the historian's craft and many historical events. It contains Tuchman's thoughtful reflections on the role of the historian, astonishing insights into America's past and present, and her penetrating observations of international events - Tuchman always looks at history in a unique way and draws lessons from what she sees. The articles in this book span more than forty years, and Tuchman touches on a series of eclectic topics: Israel, China, Roosevelt's campaign train, the Freudian interpretation of Woodrow Wilson... These talented articles condense and present the "historical skills" that he has spent his entire life pondering. Should historians be artists? The conscious use of artistic techniques should certainly be one of his tools. Macaulay described himself as half poet, half philosopher. I don't expect to reach his level in either aspect. I consider myself a storyteller, a narrator, but what I tell is true, not fiction. --Barbara W. Tuchman

This book is a collection of articles and speeches written by Lucien Favre from 1906 to 1952. It expounds his overall views and outstanding insights on historical research. In the first 33 articles, he put forward new ideas on the nature of history, historical epistemology, methodology, interdisciplinary research, etc., Which are quite innovative; the last 11 articles recalled the lives of 11 outstanding intellectuals in different fields over the past 30 years, thereby emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary research on history (geography, sociology, linguistics, philosophy, etc.).

"The Old Regime and the Revolution" is recognized as a classic study of the French Revolution. In this book, the author reveals the intrinsic connection between the old system and the Great Revolution through the analysis of a large number of historical facts. The French Revolution seemed to destroy all the old systems. However, the French Revolution unknowingly inherited most of the emotions, habits, and ideas from the old systems. Some systems that were originally thought to be the achievements of the Revolution were actually the inheritance and development of the old systems. In this book, the author not only provides a groundbreaking explanation of the causes and consequences of the French Revolution, but also raises many phenomena and issues that triggered the thinking and exploration of later historians and political scientists. For example, why did feudal privileges become more abhorrent to the French people than elsewhere? Why do the French prefer reform first and freedom later? Why did prosperity accelerate the arrival of the Great Revolution? Etc. What is particularly valuable is that the author did not "think" about the French Revolution in a vacuum, but relied on the analysis and research of original materials to draw conclusions. The author has read and made use of a large number of archival materials that have never been touched before, including ancient land inventories, tax books, local and central memorials, instructions and correspondence between ministers, records of the three-level meeting, and the 1789 petition letter. Based on these historical materials, he was able to gain an in-depth understanding and detailed description of the land, property, church, three estates, central and local administration, peasant life, aristocratic status, third estate status, etc. Under the old system, and elaborate on his arguments.

Introduction to "On Heroes, Hero Worship and Heroic Deeds in History": Thomas Carlyle was a giant in the British literary world in the 19th century. In our country's theoretical works, he is a representative figure of the criticized idealist heroic view of history. In that era when all schools of thought were in darkness and all flowers were withering, people adopted a critical attitude towards him, and few of his works were translated and published. People know very little about his life and thoughts, and their criticism of his wrong ideas cannot be profound. For this reason, the following is a brief introduction and explanation of Carlyle's life story.

"History" written by Herodotus is the first historical masterpiece in ancient Western times. Its main content is an "investigation and study" of the history and culture of various nations around the world at that time. It was divided into nine volumes by later generations of scholars. Taking the relationship between Greeks and foreigners as the main line, the author describes the geographical environment, ethnic distribution, economic life, political system, and history of Lydia, Media, Babylon, Egypt, Persia, India, Scythia, Libya, and the Aegean Sea region of Greece. It includes historical events, customs, religious beliefs, places of interest, etc., And then focuses on describing the course of the ancient "World War" - the Persian War, starting from the beginning of the war, passing through the Battle of Marathon, the Battle of Salamis, and ending with the Battle of Plataea and the Battle of Mycale.

Herodotus (approximately 484 BC - 425 BC) was the greatest historian and writer in ancient Greece. Chinese readers often compare him to Sima Qian (145 BC-90 BC), the author of the great historical work "Historical Records". Sima Qian's son inherited his father's legacy and served as the Taishi Ling. He traveled around various places to learn about customs and collect rumors. Herodotus also used vivid writing to record what he heard and saw during his long journeys in his life, as well as the history of Persia and other countries, and wrote a book that influenced later generations for more than two thousand years - "History of Herodotus". Cicero, the famous political orator in ancient Rome, called Herodotus the "father of history" (paterhistoriae). It can be said that it is not an exaggeration at all, just as Sima Qian can be regarded as the "father of Chinese history." The book "History of Herodotus" mainly records many historical stories Herodotus heard. Indeed, this is similar to Sima Qian. In fact, there are many stories in "Historical Records" that Sima Qian heard. But this does not prevent Sima Qian from becoming a great historical recorder. Precisely because of his records, even the stories heard from hearsay were completely recorded and passed down to this day more than two thousand years later in the form of books. Isn't this a miracle in itself? Assuming that without Sima Qian's records, many wonderful stories in Chinese history might have fallen into darkness and remained unknown. Herodotus recorded or dictated many battles, histories, and many interesting stories in his books. It is precisely because of Herodotus's records that later generations have a basis for studying the Peloponnesian War and have historical data for reference. Herodotus once said that the reason why he wanted to record these things and pass them on to future generations was "to preserve the achievements of mankind so that they would not be forgotten due to age, to prevent the admirable achievements of Greeks and foreigners from losing their luster, and especially to record the causes of their disputes." Of course, it is undeniable that many of the stories in his world-impacting book were imaginary, and many of them were seriously distorted. But after all, this is the earliest record of human history left to the world. If we don't read it, what can we read? In the same way, if we don't read Sima Qian's "Historical Records" to understand the history he knew, even if it was hearsay, who can we read? There is no room for choice. Therefore, we can only look at the people and events at that time from Herodotus's historical perspective, and we can only observe the first-hand historical information he provided us from Sima Qian's historical perspective. There is no other choice.

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What is "the land of Israel"? It is neither the contemporary state of Israel as a nation-state nor the historical Jewish kingdom that emerged from the Fertile Crescent. It is a historical concept that has been continuously accumulated and added to Zionism in different historical periods. Its borders are constantly floating, providing historical legitimacy for the territorial expansion of the contemporary State of Israel. After the publication of "The Fictional Jewish Nation", Schlomer Sander did not expect that in the early 21st century there would be so many critics citing historical rights to defend Zionist colonial activities. This book is a response to these questions. How was the "Land of Israel" fictionalized as a shifting territorial space that should be ruled by the Jewish people? To answer this question, Sander starts with historical evidence, details the Jewish exile myth from the Old Testament period to the establishment and expansion of the modern state of Israel, and deconstructs the Jewish concept of "historical rights" to the Land of Israel and related nationalist narratives. Sander believes that the purpose of the so-called legal-historical logic of the Jewish people is to construct the moral legitimacy of territorial seizure. I did not realize that my country had no borders since its founding, but only mobile modules that always provided the possibility of expansion... What unveiled the mystery of this land was not the death of God, but the nationalization of God, which turned the land into a soil that the new Jewish nation could trample and build as it pleased. --Shlomer Sander

"Save the Cat 2: Analysis of Classic Movie Scripts" is the second volume in script mentor Blake Snyder's "Save the Cat" series. This book continues the efficient, practical, and humorous writing style of the first volume. By reviewing various classic films in film history, it thoroughly and meticulously introduces the types and structural elements necessary for successful films. The book divides mainstream commercial films into 10 types, and lists 50 representative films, including masterpieces such as "Saving Private Ryan" and "Alien", as well as film history gems such as "Little League" and "The Dark Knight." The author skillfully analyzes the structure and story rhythm of these films, clarifying their commonalities and originality, helping screenwriters find genre boundaries for their own stories, and make breakthroughs and innovations. For novice screenwriters, this is a special training course to quickly learn from previous experience; and for movie fans, this is a rich and interesting movie list to add color to your movie journey.

"Artists and Prophets" carefully selects the most inspiring critical masterpieces and edits and publishes thousands of critical collections by famous writers to help readers enhance their literary appreciation. Bloom admitted that in this grand undertaking of striving for comprehensiveness, he also learned a lot and learned how to write for the public; literary criticism is not only an individual's insight, but also a public undertaking. Twenty years later, he divided the introductions he wrote for these critical essays into six volumes to commemorate this quixotic adventure. These short and concise articles presented in six volumes can be regarded as the dazzling sparks of the collision between a rare genius and countless great minds in the history of literature. Bloom pointed out that article authors often play the role of prophets in human society. They not only guide the way forward for mankind, but also provide us with aesthetic experience through short and concise articles.