1955: From Overseas-Educated Dud to Father of Engines

Mr. Qian is passing on the boat, and Goldfinger is going to get someone else. 5,6 This routine.

There have been several books with this beginning recently.

The C620-1 ordinary lathe is the first ordinary lathe produced by New China, which is a milestone in the history of Chinese industry. It was successfully developed and put into production by Shenyang No. 1 Machine Tool Factory in August 1955, and is known as a classic among "industrial mother machines". Name meaning The model code of C620-1 has its own meaning: - C — stands for lathe - 6 — refers to floor-standing horizontal - 20 — main parameter, the maximum rotation diameter of the bed is 400mm - 1 — indicates the first improvement Main specifications and performance - Processing capacity: The maximum turning diameter on the bed is 400mm, and the maximum turning diameter on the tool holder is 210mm - Thread processing: It can process 43 kinds of metric threads with pitches from 1 to 192mm, 20 kinds of inch threads with 2 to 24 teeth per inch, 38 kinds of module threads with modules from 0.50 To 48, and 37 kinds of pitch threads from 1 to 96 - Functional scope: capable of completing various processes such as turning cylindrical stepped shafts, boring, grooving, and end face turning - Transmission mode: driven by motor, all mechanical transmission is used, and the main spindle box lubricating oil is supplied by an oil pump - Structural features: The headboard is equipped with a multi-plate friction clutch, and the front bearing of the spindle is a special double-row ball bearing that can be adjusted; there is a drop worm in the slide box to prevent damage to the tool feeding system; the bearings of each axis can be adjusted outside the box without disassembling parts Historical status and contribution - The output is astonishing: in the 1950s and 1960s, the annual output of C620-1 reached more than 2,200 units. By the 1960s, the annual output exceeded 4,000 units, accounting for more than 80% of similar products in the country. The supply was in short supply for a long time, and it was even exported abroad - Excellent precision: the machining accuracy reached the world level at that time, and was not inferior to the Japanese machine tools that were widely used in domestic factories at that time - Widely used: widely used in mechanical processing in steel plants, mines, railways and other industries. In 1958, Shenyang Water Pump Factory used it to produce the first high-pressure boiler feed pump rotor components in New China - Boarding the RMB: To commemorate its historic contribution, the obverse pattern of the third set of RMB 2-yuan banknotes in 1960 is the scene of a lathe worker operating a C620-1 lathe, so this banknote is called "Two Yuan Lathes" Current situation Today, the C620-1 lathe has become the treasure of the China Industrial Museum (located in Tiexi, Shenyang), telling the public the story of the struggle of New China's industry from scratch.

Everyone has conflicts with the protagonist, and people are looking for trouble wherever they go. It's really interesting.

Qian Xuesen's contribution has six major parts 1. Establishing China's missile, rocket and aerospace industry This is his most core and far-reaching contribution. In 1956, he proposed the development of the national defense aviation industry; Created China's first missile and rocket research institute, the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense; Lead China's missiles from imitation to independent development; Organized and completed China's first "two-bomb combination" test of missiles and atomic bombs; Leading the launch mission of China's first artificial satellite, "Dongfanghong-1". Therefore, he is called: The father of Chinese aerospace, the father of Chinese missiles, and the king of rockets. 2. Establishing China's aerospace system engineering management system Qian Xuesen not only researched technology, but also established a set of methods for organizing large-scale projects. Establish a general design department system; Coordinate multiple majors such as overall design, power, guidance, aerodynamics, structure, materials, testing, etc.; Form a systematic engineering method that pays equal attention to technology, management, quality, and progress; Promote China Aerospace to form a "national collaboration" engineering organization model. This system is still an important foundation for China's major scientific and technological projects to this day. 3. Aerodynamic Research Qian Xuesen is a world-famous aerodynamicist. Proposed the Karman-Qian approximation method for the aerodynamic design of high-subsonic aircraft; Researched issues such as transonic flow, thin shell stability, and rarefied gas mechanics; Provided an important theoretical basis for the design of high-speed aircraft and rockets. He was already a world-renowned applied mechanics scientist while in the United States, and became a top scientist when he returned to China. 4. Founded Engineering Cybernetics In 1954, he published an English book: ** "Engineering" Cybernetics" ("Engineering Cybernetics")** This book introduces the theories of control, information, feedback, guidance, stability and reliability into the engineering field, and has an important impact on the following technologies: Missile guidance and control; Automation technology; Aerospace flight control; System engineering; Artificial intelligence and complex system research. This book is recognized as an important work in the history of the development of cybernetics. 5. Founding of physical mechanics Qian Xuesen proposed and promoted the establishment of physical mechanics as a new discipline. The core idea is: It does not directly rely on a large number of experiments, but starts from the microphysical laws of matter to deduce the macroscopic mechanical properties of the material. It is particularly suitable for studying: High-temperature gases; High-pressure materials; Explosion processes; Rocket engine internal environment; Material properties under extreme conditions. This provides new research ideas for aerospace, materials science and defense technology. 6. Cultivate scientific and technological talents and promote discipline construction Qian Xuesen attaches great importance to education and talent cultivation. Personally taught "Introduction to Missiles" and cultivated China's first batch of missile technical talents; Promoted the establishment of relevant majors and research institutions; Participated in the establishment of the Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering of the University of Science and Technology of China; Cultivated a large number of talents in aerospace, mechanics, automation and system engineering; In his later years, he also advocated cross-research in thinking science, human science, systems science, etc. The most famous point in his educational thoughts is: It is better to cultivate "all-round talents" than to cultivate compound scientific and technological talents with innovative abilities. One sentence summary Qian Xuesen's six major contributions can be summarized as: Creating China's missile, rocket and aerospace industry Establishing aerospace system engineering management system Developing aerodynamics Creating engineering cybernetics Creating physical mechanics Cultivating aerospace science and technology talents and promoting discipline construction

Don't make conflicts between people a slap in the face. The most important thing about industrial writing is to write a unified style of writing. If you write about infighting and can improve your technology, it will only show that everyone is an Indian who relies on the system instead of an independent and self-reliant new Chinese. Writing about infighting will only show that you have no control over the plot and can only rely on gambling agreements to cut your way up.

Xiaodu, watchable, but boring

◣S195 Diesel Engine Introduction S195 is one of the most classic and widely used single-cylinder small diesel engines in China. It is known as the "magic engine of the generation". It has been in service for more than half a century since its advent in the 1960s, and it still plays an important role in the field of domestic agricultural machinery. ◣R&D History and Honors S195 was born in Changzhou Diesel Engine Factory in the 1960s. It was jointly developed by Changzhou Diesel Engine Factory, Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute and Jiangsu Institute of Technology. This model has won the following important honors: 1978: National Science Conference Science and Technology Achievement Award 1980, 1982, 1988: National Product Quality Gold Award "Lushan Brand" S195 produced by Jiujiang Power Machinery Factory Won the National Quality Product Silver Award (1985) and was selected as the national "Seal of the Republic" witness in 2024 ◣Main supporting equipment and applications S195 has an extremely wide range of applications, covering almost all scenarios that require small and medium power: Agricultural machinery: walking tractors, small four-wheel tractors, rotary tillers, threshers Drainage and irrigation equipment: small water pumps, irrigation and drainage units Power generation equipment: small diesel generator sets (such as 10kVA units) Ship power: small inland river marine units Industrial equipment: air compressor units Processing of agricultural and sideline products: rice mills, flour mills, feed crushers, etc. ◣Market position The S195 series is the "golden power" in rural areas of China. According to relevant literature, the number of units in the country's society once reached 20 million units. It is the most widely used single-cylinder diesel engine in China. After the reform and opening up, with the implementation of the rural joint production contract responsibility system, the walking tractor equipped with the S195 has greatly promoted the transformation of Chinese agriculture from manual farming to mechanized operations.

S195 generation artifact

The author recommends that the protagonist be promoted and transferred to Hechai to build a factory, so that the protagonist can take the lead and become a member of the academic department. At the same time, he should pay attention to international intellectual property rights and apply for international patented technologies through Hong Kong. The Huo family is an agent for the export of various diesel engines and agricultural machinery Create China Cummins and MTU In the 1960s, the military power 150HB series diesel engines, 6V armored vehicles, 8V, and 12V main battle tanks were developed. Various engineering diesel engines CHD620 series diesel engines for submarines, various low-speed, medium-speed and high-speed marine diesel engines Develop various gasoline engines and gearboxes at the same time