Novels like The Fool Returned to the Village and Mistook His Kindhearted Older Sister for His Wife
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as The Fool Returned to the Village and Mistook His Kindhearted Older Sister for His Wife, best match first.
- 101 My First Book on How to Make My Novel a Hit 我的小说也想火的第一本书 [Countryside + farming + miracle doctor + modern romance] Qin Meili graduated from medical school and works in the city, but her family is constantly asking her for money, and she has a hard time making ends meet. When she reaches marriageable age, her family is in debt and cannot repay it, so her father tells her to return home and marry a bachelor from the village. Her family uses the bride price to pay off the debt, then takes the remaining money and moves in with their eldest son. On her wed 16Reads—Score—14d adds
- 102 Siheyuan: Jia Dongxu's Different Life 四合院：贾东旭不一样的人生 Every time a transmigrator arrives in the Siheyuan world, Jia Dongxu dies again. He meets a different end each time, but they’re usually pretty gruesome. I, Jia Dongjiu, refuse to accept this! [A warm, everyday story. The plot is kept as reasonable as possible, with no overpowered System golden finger. Later transmigrators can take notes.] 381Reads6.1Score—14d adds
- 103 The Empress Takes Down Scumbags in the Modern World, and the Abstinent Tycoon Willingly Becomes Her Male Concubine 女帝现代虐渣，禁欲大佬甘为男宠 [Female lead with supernatural powers + male lead with ancient martial arts + punishing scumbags + two powerful, devoted leads] Feng Li, the empress of a matriarchal world, transmigrates into the body of a love-struck heiress in the future. She can't believe how foolish the heiress was. A man is only an amusement, so why throw your life away for one? So the first thing Feng Li does after returning is set up the scumbag and ruin him, making sure he can never be a man again, with the whole interne 14Reads6.5Score—14d adds
- 104 Book 6 by Fuyanluanyu 福言乱语的第6本书 A top-scoring college entrance exam student is injured by the village bully while protecting his family, and gains a five-colored immortal gourd and a plot of immortal farmland. In the dead of night, the girl next door comes into his room. “Sleepyhead, wake up. The flash flood is coming again.” 115Reads9.0Score—14d adds
- 105 The Coldhearted Prince Took Her by Force, So She Seized the Chance to Climb Higher 冷情王爷强夺她，她便顺势攀高枝 [Sweet Romance + Devoted Couple + Childhood Sweethearts + Long-Planned Scheme + Second Male Lead’s Redemption] [A cunning young lady of the capital who plays dumb to win her prey, paired with a cool, restrained prince-general who has fought in countless battles.] Shen Zhiyu had loved someone for many years, filling her little notebook with the tender thoughts of a young girl. Alas, they were never meant to see the light of day. After she fell into the water one day, her mind became childlike. To —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 106 Seeker of the Dead 寻死灵 Will I heed the call of the whispers, or pursue the self I was meant to be? Who am I here for? Does my consciousness obey me? I am Qin Fengmo, not a madman or a devil. But the good want me to die for a worthy cause, while the bad want me to live so I can be useful. [Not very scary, so feel free to give it a try.] [Author, listen up: give me a star and you’re the boss!!!] 2Reads—Score114d adds
- 107 Idiot, Have a Taste! 傻子，尝尝鲜！ The fool Zhang Fan and the mute Wang Fang depend on each other for survival. When she is bullied, he stands up for her. By chance, he inherits the legacy of a Celestial Master and embarks on the path of cultivation. Medicine saves lives and heals the wounded; martial arts punishes the powerful and protects the weak. He uses these skills to befriend the powerful and expand his connections. Leading the villagers to work hard and strive for success, he takes them farther and farther down the roa 9.5kReads7.9Score88614d adds
- 108 Keep Your Rich Ladies Away, I’m a Demonic Cultivator 富婆止步，我可是魔修 A master's student in traditional Chinese medicine. After his girlfriend cheated on him and the son of a powerful official framed him, he was expelled from the university. While working, he was also victimized by his boss, Hong Jie, and five wealthy women... before being sunk to the bottom of a lake. At the moment of his death, he unexpectedly received help from the remnant soul of an ancient Demon Queen. He gained demonic techniques and magical arts, and uncovered the secrets behind ancient rui 38Reads—Score—14d adds
- 109 The Peerless, Carefree Little Miracle Doctor 绝世逍遥小神医 [Rural life + urban cultivation + building wealth + plenty of heroines] The fool Zhao Tiezhu was thrown into an ancient well after rescuing Li Mei'e, a village woman being bullied by the local tyrant. By chance, his blood awakened the remnant soul of a Dragon Maiden inside the well, and he inherited her legacy. With secret medical arts, he heals the sick and saves lives, builds his fortune, cultivates immortality, and grows stronger. From then on, he rises to the pinnacle of life! 12Reads6.7Score—14d adds
- 110 Immortal Farming Sets the Plains Ablaze 仙农燎原 The Immortal Farmer’s Prairie Fire is an epic about safeguarding: protecting medicinal fields, traditional methods, and the convictions we hold dear. It is also an epic about passing on a legacy: putting down roots in the soil and carrying the flame far and wide. The story begins with three mu of medicinal fields in Xishan Village, deep in the mountains. His mother leaves him one last instruction before she dies: “Hold on to it.” Li Jianliang doesn’t understand the weight of those words. He only 2Reads6.9Score—14d adds
- 111 The Great Country Doctor 乡野大神医 After graduating from college, orphan Chen Xiaobei can’t afford an internship at a big hospital, so he’s assigned to a village as a humble village doctor. But because he’s so handsome, Chen Ergou from the village takes a fancy to him and tries to use him to have a child. Chen Xiaobei goes to the arranged meeting, but an accident occurs. The jade pendant he’s worn since childhood gives him the legacy of a divine physician, and he begins a carefree life as the village’s most powerful man. From t 544Reads8.9Score11014d adds
- 112 Brother Shu, Why Waste Your Breath on Him? I'll Help You! 树哥你跟他废什么话？我来助你！ [Infinite Flow] [Park-like Mechanics] [Decisive and Ruthless] [All Worlds Are Original] [The Lord God Space Joins the Fight in Person] [Not Mindless Wish Fulfillment] Seven beings known as World-Eater Trees dwell in the cosmos, summoning agents from various worlds to conquer them and taint the stars on their behalf. My name is Chang Le. Chang Le as in “contentment brings lasting joy.” By chance, I caught the eye of one of the World-Eater Trees, named “Dan Xuan,” and became its “gardener.” As —Reads6.4Score—14d adds
- 113 Reborn: A Heartbroken Revenge 重生之爱断情殇复仇劫 Ye Chenxi, the young heir of Beijing’s elite circle, was born into privilege and stood far above others. He had believed that love was pure and his marriage blissful. But his wife’s betrayal plunged into his heart like a blade. The tenderness they once shared vanished like a dream, trust crumbled, and love turned to hatred. He was no longer the man who doted on his wife. His deep eyes held nothing but coldness and resolve. With the power of Beijing’s elite circle at his command, he launched a me 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 114 Secrets of the Sheep Village 羊村秘事 There’s something strange about the feng shui in Yang Village. The women are all lovely and full of life, but the men are short and ugly! No one knows why! Yang Xiaoqiang is looked down on by the whole village because of his physical disability! Then, by chance, he inherits the legacy of the sheep clan! Fire lingzhi sells for hundreds of thousands! He starts a health-supplement company and makes millions! His antelope kick is as powerful as a tiger’s, and his medical skills can bring the dead ba 20kReads8.7Score1.7k14d adds
- 115 The Countryside's Qilin Miracle Doctor 乡村麒麟神医 [This book is so good that delicate young readers should take it easy. Click in for a surprise.] Li Xiangdong, a village idiot, was pushed off a mountain by the village bully for ruining his plans. But he survived against all odds and unexpectedly inherited the legacy of the Qilin Medicine Immortal, learning peerless martial arts, medicine, formations, and talisman craft. Breaking through the limits of an ordinary man, he became a Houtian martial artist and steadily climbed to the pinnacle of po 19.6kReads8.8Score2k14d adds
- 116 The Village Doctor Strikes It Rich 乡村神医发家致富 Qin Dazhu was a fool for two years, until a stroke of bad luck turned into a blessing and he gained a powerful legacy. From then on, he soared to success. Not only did he become a local big shot, but under his leadership, Taoyuan Village became a beautiful and prosperous place. 5Reads—Score—14d adds
- 117 An Immortal's Legacy: A Farmer's Carefree Life 获得仙人传承，小农民逍遥人生 [Made from scratch + village miracle doctor + invincible power fantasy + cultivation world] There’s a simple-minded man in the village named Zhao Xiaolong. When he tries to protect the villagers from being bullied, a thug shoves him into the lake. But the accident turns out to be a blessing in disguise: he receives an immortal’s legacy, changes his fate, learns to cultivate, and sets out on an extraordinary path, soon becoming a local sensation. 12kReads8.5Score89114d adds
- 118 The Daddy's Adorable Pet Paradise 奶爸的萌宠乐园 Chen Xia, the world’s top security consultant, ace bodyguard, and elite special agent, was assigned a long-term leave by his organization because he was too brutal on the job. So he returned to his village, opened a petting zoo, and settled into raising kids and growing crops. “What? You want to leave your child in my care?” “You’ll pay? Okay~” He was fluent in the languages of every people and could even understand dogs when they swore, but baby talk was beyond him! Wait, where did this big cat 1.1kReads7.9Score10114d adds
- 119 I'm Not the Poetry Sword Immortal 我不是诗剑仙 When data civilization crushes poetic meter, I wield Li Bai's sword, Du Fu's brush, and Yi Xing's chess to carve a bloody path through quantum turbulence In 2077, Blue Star civilization was forcibly stripped of emotion by the “Heavenly Dao Administration Bureau.” Poetry became forbidden magic, weapons were melted down, and only the cold “light of efficiency” gleamed in mechanical eyes. Su Han, a scavenger who recited Three Hundred Tang Poems in a junkyard, accidentally transmigrated to a paralle 2Reads8.0Score—14d adds
- 120 Blissful Charging: The Female Emperor Loses Control for Me 极乐充电：女帝为我失控 [Cultivation / Transmigration / Scheming Male Lead / Subverting the Usual Tropes / Power Fantasy / Business Empire / Resource Monopoly] [Male lead who seems like a good-for-nothing but is actually a “source of spiritual power” VS powerful figures desperate to break through their bottlenecks] Marketing genius Qin Lang transmigrates into the cultivation world and unexpectedly awakens a rare constitution that produces pure spiritual power, helping others break through cultivation bottlenecks! This —Reads6.8Score—14d adds
- 121 The Wind Stopped Before Graduation 风停在毕业前 [Sweet Campus Romance + Reunion After Years Apart + Bittersweet Youth Romance] At Jiangcheng No. 1 High School, Class 18, Jiang Yichen reunited with Su Wanning, the little angel who had saved him as a child. The chubby boy who used to get bullied had become the cool, reserved class study representative who protected her, while the gentle little angel of the past had become a dazzling class monitor. She still thought about the childhood friend who had gone missing. He hid his identity and quietl 6Reads—Score—14d adds
- 122 The World Kneels at My Feet: My Simp System Is Beyond Heaven 全球跪舔：我的舔狗系统太逆天 On Valentine's Day, Ye Tingfeng was cruelly rejected by the girl of his dreams, and unexpectedly awakened an outrageously powerful simp System. As long as people fawn over him, he can grow infinitely stronger. When simps everywhere go crazy over him, Ye Tingfeng can only howl at the sky: "Please, stop fawning over me! I'm going to become so invincible that I'll be lonely forever!!!" 219Reads7.0Score—14d adds
- 123 Dangerous Surrender 危情沉沦 At her lowest point, Xiaoya moved in with a classmate. On a rainy night at a bar, all she wanted was to find a stranger and leave her past behind. Instead, she was caught red-handed by her classmate's husband, Jiang Tao. With Jiang Tao's guidance, Xiaoya found success in both her career and love life. 52Reads—Score—14d adds
- 124 The Peerless Little Miracle Doctor of the Mountain Village 山村盖世小神医 College student Jiang Fan was persecuted at school and beaten into a fool. After returning to his rural hometown, he turned misfortune into fortune, mastering both medicine and martial arts and making a name for himself across the land. He travels the world righting wrongs, stamping out injustice wherever he finds it; he roams far and wide to save lives, driving out disease and evil across the land. Standing at the pinnacle of humanity, he looks down on all rivals and asks: who in this world can 12.5kReads9.0Score1.1k14d adds
- 125 The Village's Eccentric Little Miracle Doctor 山村妖孽小神医 [Countryside + Divine Doctor + Building Wealth + Feel-Good Story] Original titles: The Wicked Little Divine Doctor of the Mountain Village, The Country Woman His elder brother died unexpectedly, leaving behind a sweet, pitiful sister-in-law and a pair of boy-girl twins… After five years in the military, Dong Fei returned to his hometown, Yemao Village, a poverty-stricken village known far and wide. Under his leadership, the villagers gradually found their way to prosperity. 2.3kReads9.2Score28414d adds
- 126 The Road to Qian 芊途 A novel about competitive online gaming. The early stages focus on leveling up, fighting bosses, and running dungeons, while competitive tournaments begin in the middle and later stages. As the official game updates roll out, the gameplay will change too. Gaming is more than just a game: it is the beginning of a journey toward a dream. Qian Tu theme song: My skill is my sword, the arena my frontier, My fingers dance, the battle song rings clear. One second’s hesitation, and the outcome is seale —Reads8.0Score—14d adds
- 127 The Village Doctor Is Everyone's Favorite 乡村神医万人迷 [Rural miracle doctor + urban immortal cultivation + fool’s comeback + multiple heroines + satisfying face-slapping + farming and fortune] I’m a humble village miracle doctor, with hands so skilled I can bring people back from the brink! If a beauty has a difficult illness, one dose of medicine cures it, and she’ll be grinning in no time! I don’t care how powerful or influential you are. Cross me, and I’ll treat you all the same! 426Reads7.8Score10714d adds
- 128 A Piece of Hogwarts History 霍格沃兹一段校史 [Harry Potter fanfiction + tragic romance + canon couple break-up] [The early focus is on growing stronger and staying alive; the pacing is somewhat slow] [Concealing ambition and the desire to conquer behind a trustworthy appearance and seemingly sincere words] Lily was reborn and came to Hogwarts. If she had known all along that every cause and consequence was predestined, what would she have chosen? Many years later, when Lily Evans recalled the time before she went to Hogwarts, perhaps she s 17Reads—Score—14d adds
- 129 The Awakened One on the Cosmic Strings 宇宙弦上的觉醒者 In my spare time, I’d like to connect with more readers and fellow book lovers online by writing a novel! As long as even one reader is still reading, I’ll keep updating! No more talk, come in and take a look! If you can bear to read a few chapters, whether you like it or not, you might at least learn a bit of physics! Um... I’d better write a proper introduction: Martial arts? Cultivation? Immortality? Lin Tianyang practices physics! A black stone plucked the string of fate. Each awakening on h —Reads6.3Score—14d adds
- 130 Unsealing Earth 解封地球 Earth! The ancestral planet? Who sealed Earth away, and what are they after? See how Yuan Huiling uncovers the truth step by step, and helps humanity’s ancestral planet come alive again. 2Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 131 The Carefree Divine Healer Li Gangpao 逍遥神医李钢炮 Ever since Li Gangpao inherited a legacy of medical skills, all the villagers left behind have come to him for treatment... With heaven-defying medical skills and divine techniques, he becomes a rural miracle doctor everyone envies. 1.8kReads8.0Score16814d adds
- 132 The Small-Town Farmer, Master of Medicine and Martial Arts 医武双绝小农民 Zhang Xuan was the first person from Huangni Village to get into college. But after protecting his girlfriend from the harassment of a rich playboy, he was beaten into an idiot and forced to drop out. What was even more heartbreaking was that afterward, his girlfriend Xiao Qinghan became the playboy’s girlfriend. In front of Zhang Xuan’s parents, she cursed him for overestimating himself and said he deserved to die! When Zhang Xuan returned to his village, he became a laughingstock for miles aro 20.8kReads8.2Score2.4k14d adds
- 133 Only After Being Reborn Did I Understand the Ways of Older Women 重生了才懂阿姨们的道 The bankrupt machinery tycoon was delivering food when he choked to death on an Australian lobster. Reborn at the time of his university graduation in 1996, he discovered that his miserable life had started over. Heh! This time, I won’t hold back. Forget talent and technical genius: with the beautiful aunties giving me their full support, I’ll charge ahead as hard as I can! Only an idiot wouldn’t play along. I’ll happily make my way to the top of the world. It couldn’t be more satisfying. 1kReads—Score—14d adds
- 134 The Super Little Miracle Doctor 超级小神医 [Rural Divine Doctor + Invincible + Face-Slapping + Fool’s Rise to Power] Hui Facai is a young amnesiac fool. While trying to save his benefactor, who took him in and raised him, he stumbles upon part of the Peach Blossom Fairy’s inheritance hidden in a pearl. From then on, he turns his life around and rises to the top. He wields the Immortal Doctor’s Sixteen Needles, able to decide life and death with a single thought. He has mastered the Eternal Undying Art, crushing every expert in his path. 250Reads—Score—14d adds
- 135 The Fool and the Bun Beauty 傻子与包子西施 The fool Yang Luo saves someone and nearly dies, but gains the inheritance of the Medicine King and Immortal Doctor. Cultivation techniques, sacred medical texts, medical skills, secret arts… See how he uses his fortuitous encounter to heal the sick and save lives, practice medicine and seek the Dao, lead the villagers to prosperity, and climb to the pinnacle of life. This introduction can’t do the story justice. Read the main text for details… 2.9kReads7.5Score19614d adds
- 136 With X-Ray Vision, I Conquer the Antiques World Through Appraisal 透视后，我靠鉴宝称霸古玩界 After his family's business went bankrupt, Li Jin went overnight from a rich second-generation heir to a down-on-his-luck young master, learning the true nature of human relationships. A six-eyed dzi bead that his friends had conned him into buying at an exorbitant price turned out to be a wondrous artifact. It introduced Li Jin to the Ancestral Shaman Scripture and gave him the power to see through things. From then on, Li Jin began a legendary life. He spent his free time hunting for bargains 6.5kReads8.8Score89814d adds
- 137 Yin-Yang Immortal Cauldron 阴阳仙鼎 [Rural Divine Doctor + Urban Cultivation + Fool's Rise + Invincible Power Fantasy + Multiple Female Leads] Wang Dali had an accident while protecting cultural relics during a mission. Beaten into a fool, he was dumped back in the countryside! Then things went from bad to worse: while helping the older girl next door, the village bully shoved him into a fish pond and drowned him. But he unexpectedly obtained a cultivation legacy hidden in a cultural relic. From then on, he excelled in both medici 5.1kReads7.9Score70714d adds
- 138 Peerless Keeps Getting Reincarnated Again and Again 无双又双叒又穿了 Transmigrate? Transmigrate into a book? Transmigrate into a System? Contents: Main timeline: Fussy childhood sweetheart vs. doting childhood friend (1-5) First timeline: Fussy little princess vs. dim-witted prince Second timeline: ??? Third timeline: ??? Fourth timeline: ??? 7Reads—Score—14d adds
- 139 Something's Wrong, Young Master Gu! Your Wife Got Away Again While You Weren't Watching 顾少不好了，夫人没看着，又跑了 A modern wealthy-family CEO romance, one-on-one and mutually devoted, with a little angst but a happy ending. Jiang Nan and Gu Yimu grew up together, but after graduating from high school, Gu Yimu was drugged and forced into having sex with Jiang Nan. Jiang Nan chose to run away, and stayed away for four years. After graduating from university, Jiang Nan was forced by her parents to return to the country. The first thing that happened after she came back was that they forced her to marry Gu Yimu 5Reads7.0Score214d adds
- 140 The God-Tier Village Doctor 神级村医 A young man from the countryside makes his way in the city. He possesses unparalleled medical skills and, through a twist of fate, becomes the fiancé of a wealthy woman… 323Reads9.0Score18814d adds
- 141 Wandering Planet: From the Start, I Extract a Black Hole to Tame the Goddess 流浪星球：开局提取黑洞训养女神 The universe is approaching heat death, and all things are headed for their end! I, Chen Mo, start with a barren little asteroid, trembling in eternal cold and silence. At the critical moment, the [Infinite Extraction/Deconstruction/Synthesis System] activates! [Ding! Extracted the planetary core. Obtained 100 “high-density metal blocks”!] [Ding! Deconstructed a neutron star fragment. Obtained 10 units of “superstring matter”!] [Ding! A small black hole has been detected ahead. Extract “singular 54Reads8.9Score—14d adds
- 142 Chaos Demon Hero 混沌魔侠 Zhao Tianyi is the orphaned son of a demonic sect, but his heart is set on justice. While investigating his parents’ murder, he meets Xiao Yingying and other friends from the martial world. He takes up his sword and ventures across the land, fighting for the people and embarking on a sweeping journey from underdog to hero. 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 143 The Carefree Life of a Country Doctor 乡村医仙好逍遥 To save his older sister, Lin Erzhu, a simple-minded country boy, unexpectedly inherits the ancient legacy of the Medicine God. From then on, he masters martial arts, business, feng shui, and fortune-telling, leading the villagers to prosperity! 2.8kReads8.7Score37014d adds
- 144 Zhao Ergou, a Left-Behind Youth in the Countryside 乡村留守青年赵二狗 [Countryside + Farming + Miracle Doctor + Modern Romance] This is absolutely worth reading. If you read the first chapter and don’t like it, follow the internet cable and come hit me. Zhao Ergou and Qingshan Village share an unbreakable bond. After graduating from university, he returned to the village to become its village doctor. By a stroke of luck, he gained mysterious powers and led the entire village to start businesses and get rich... 3.3kReads7.0Score26514d adds
- 145 The Little Country Doctor 乡村小野医 [Countryside + Miracle Doctor + Left-Behind Families + Beauties] Yang Jiamu, a village doctor, saves a beautiful young widow, changing his life forever. Watch him rise to greatness and live a glorious life! 2.9kReads9.0Score40014d adds
- 146 Divine Healer, Max-Level Menace! 神医，满级凶猛！ (Rural wish fulfillment + invincible dual cultivation + every heroine joins his harem + complete, top-quality read. Binge it for a satisfying ride!) A bizarre past, a mysterious stroke of fortune, and a life-changing opportunity draw female assassins, A-list superstars, mysterious organizations, and many others into the fold as Ma Qiulong's life takes off... Thanks to him, every household in Peach Blossom Village becomes worth over a hundred million. He single-handedly transforms economically ba 32.5kReads8.6Score4.1k14d adds
- 147 The Divine Farmer of the Mountains 山野神农 Lin Nan, a country boy from a mountain village, is framed by others but unexpectedly gains an ancient inheritance. Not only does he acquire miraculous medical skills, he also learns how to make a fortune and lead the villagers down the road to prosperity. As Lin Nan ventures farther into the world, he uncovers a shocking secret about himself... 2.5kReads9.1Score35614d adds
- 148 The Extraordinary Life of Chen Ergou, the Miracle Doctor 神医陈二狗的妖孽人生 The simple-minded Chen Ergou was injured by village chief Liu Datou while trying to save his sister-in-law, Qin Yuya. By chance, he inherited the legacy of the Desolate Lord and rose to greatness overnight. Practicing in the nine-story Ancient Desolation Pagoda, he made astonishing progress day by day, and his skills soon made him peerless beneath heaven. He bought luxury cars, lived in mansions, and powerful elites from all walks of life rushed to curry favor with Chen Ergou. From then on, he l 165Reads6.9Score6114d adds
- 149 The Countryside Village 乡野山村 (Countryside + fool + miracle doctor + farming + cultivation + getting rich) Wang Dazhuang, a college student from Taohua Village, was beaten into an idiot by the village bully over a dispute involving his ancestral home. While gathering herbs in the mountains for his beautiful sister-in-law, he stumbled upon the village chief’s secret affair and accidentally fell down a waterfall. He gained a Qilin physique and inherited the legacy of the Immortal Doctor. From then on, he began his rise to the 3.8kReads8.9Score49814d adds
- 150 The Village Doctor: Xu Xiaofan Rules the Countryside 乡村神医，徐小凡纵横乡野 Xu Xiaofan, a fourth-year medical student, is unexpectedly blacklisted by the hospital and expelled from school. After returning to Taohua Village to work as its village doctor, he happens upon the legacy of the Golden Toad Immortal. From then on, his medical skills reach the heavens and his fortunes soar, carrying him to the pinnacle of life. One day, after achieving fame and success, Xu Xiaofan gazes at the moon and sighs, “People in Taohua Village may scheme against one another, but we’re tru 7.7kReads8.1Score57014d adds
