Novels like The Pinnacle of Power: Capital-Circle Bigwigs Help Me Rise to the Top
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as The Pinnacle of Power: Capital-Circle Bigwigs Help Me Rise to the Top, best match first.
- 101 Zhou Xiaoxiao's 23rd Book 周晓晓第23本书 In his previous life, Wang Xiangdong was an utter failure. His wife, a deputy director at the County Party Committee Office, divorced him, and he spent his whole life being pushed around! This time, Wang Xiangdong is reborn at the very moment his wife, the deputy director, divorces him. What will he choose to do? By a twist of fate, he saves a beautiful leader and rises rapidly through the ranks. 118Reads8.6Score10114d adds
- 102 Qi Tongwei: Hou Liangping Kneels, and I Rocket Up the Ranks 祁同伟：侯亮平下跪，我狂飙进步 [The most fearsome sniper in the whole network: Qi Tongwei + bell-ringing + The Knockout + Tazhai + crossover universe] He transmigrates into a world of film and television dramas, becomes Qi Tongwei, and gains a System that can turn his fate around. With a sniper rifle in hand, I make Hou Liangping kneel and beg Liang Lu. I, Qi Tongwei, am in charge of ringing the bell! “Monkey, you even kneel to Liang Lu? You must be really desperate!” “Ai, you want to have triplets for me?” Lin Yaodong: With 127Reads—Score—14d adds
- 103 Reborn: From Junior Clerk to the Very Top 重生：从小科员直达巅峰 (Rebirth + urban life + officialdom) Zhang Zhengyu, middle-aged and stuck in a rut, is involved in a car accident while hosting an official reception. When he wakes up, he has returned to 1995 and become a clerk at Linshui County’s Investment Promotion Bureau. Having achieved little in his previous life, he decides to seize this chance to make a name for himself, rise steadily through the ranks, and reach the pinnacle of power! 1.1kReads7.1Score—14d adds
- 104 A Wild Ride Through the Countryside on the Road to Power 官途之乡野狂飙 A low-level employee is bullied and finds his career going nowhere, until he runs into an old classmate and finally begins to rise through the ranks... 53Reads7.5Score—14d adds
- 105 Reborn as Qi Tongwei: From the Start, I Ring the Bell and Defy Fate 重生祁同伟，开局撞钟逆天改命 After transmigrating into a TV drama, I become Qi Tongwei. I obtain the Destiny Choice System. As long as I change my fate, I can earn rewards. Steal Zhong Xiaoyou away, crush Hou Liangping, break free of Liang Lu, make Cheng Yanshi regret it, get Li Dakang on my side... Now that I’ve become Qi Tongwei, I’m going to change the future. I’ll no longer bow to the powerful, and I’ll live with my head held high. Now that I’ve become Qi Tongwei, I’ll take back everything that belongs to me! 85Reads—Score—14d adds
- 106 The Pinnacle of Power: Taking the Road Less Traveled 权力巅峰：不走寻常路 As the ancients said: A man in office should command the power of the realm by day and sleep with beauties in his arms by night! Today, some say: A position needn't be high, as long as you have power. After all, a county magistrate can't hold a candle to the local official in charge! Those who wield power hold a double-edged sword. Used well, it benefits the country and its people; used poorly, it can hurt others and themselves. People say it's hard to be a good person. What about being a good o 246Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 107 The Road to Power 问鼎权途 Through one ordinary day after another and one trial after another, watch Lin Zheyu ride the waves, overcome every obstacle, and climb to the very top... 984Reads8.5Score10314d adds
- 108 A Smooth Rise: Starting as a Grassroots Police Officer 平步青云：从基层民警开始 Wang Meng is a grassroots police officer, born with a cold, stern face but kind at heart and with a deep hatred of evil. After offending the criminal underworld, he was framed and fired, and spent his life in poverty and hardship. On the verge of death, he finally understood one thing: only by holding power could you control your own fate. When he opened his eyes again, he discovered that he had been reborn in 2001, three days before he was framed. Drawing on his knowledge of how events woul 372Reads6.2Score—14d adds
- 109 Xiao Xiao Hao's Book 小小昊的一本书 A lowly live-in son-in-law has little say in anything and must always watch his in-laws for approval. His career hits rock bottom, and he faces pressure from both sides. But when he is down on his luck, one strange encounter after another comes his way, and he unexpectedly transforms into a dragon in a single day. 6Reads—Score—14d adds
- 110 My Father Is Zhao Mengsheng. My First Order Is to Investigate Li Dakang! 家父赵蒙生，我上任先查李达康！ Zhao Mobei transmigrates into a parallel world and becomes the son of Zhao Mengsheng. On taking office, he first investigates Li Dakang, then keeps tabs on Sha Ruijin. Before long, Sha Ruijin is parachuted into Handong Province. Sha Ruijin: “If I can't get something done, nobody else can either. In Handong Province, no one at my level has dared to keep tabs on me yet!” ??? Zhao Mobei, what exactly do you think you're doing? You dare keep tabs on me? What? Your father is Zhao Mengsheng? I didn't 67Reads5.2Score—14d adds
- 111 The Road to Officialdom: I Rebuild and Reign Supreme 官路鸿途：重整旗鼓我为王 A career in government is like Mount Everest: so high that the air is thin! It is also like a ladder reaching to the heavens, seemingly impossible to climb! And yet countless people continue to press forward, one after another! Qin Junyu was just an insignificant member of this vast crowd of climbers. One drunken night gave Qin Junyu more than twenty years of memories out of nowhere. In those memories, Qin Junyu, once a force to be reckoned with in the business world, had been defeated by politi 2.5kReads7.4Score18414d adds
- 112 Officialese 官话 He spouts nothing but empty platitudes for the sake of his political career. His silence and patience are only temporary, as he bides his time until the day he can make his move. His official-sounding talk is all for others. He puts on airs and strikes poses at every turn, building momentum year after year as he climbs higher. His lifelong lies were never what he wanted, but the temptations of politics were too hard to resist. His promises were never meant to deceive, but in matters of the heart 600Reads9.1Score5714d adds
- 113 The Political Arena: Starting as the Youngest County Magistrate 官场风云：从最年轻县长开始 From a senior leader’s chief secretary to the province’s youngest county magistrate, Zhang Yi had barely taken office when he was hit by a once-in-a-century downpour. A reservoir holding nearly a hundred million cubic meters of water was on the verge of bursting its dam, threatening the lives and property of thousands downstream, and he had not a single soldier at his disposal! Then a highly daring plan suddenly came to mind... 515Reads6.7Score—14d adds
- 114 A Stunning Rise Through the Ranks 升迁：一鸣惊人 Facing obstacles at every turn in the workplace, he rises to the top and becomes unstoppable. Wei Yiming had been living a smooth and easy life, until his arrogant, short-tempered new boss ruined everything on her very first day. From then on, she picked on him at every turn and ordered him around constantly. One chance act of courage brought him face-to-face with the woman of his dreams, lighting up a life in which every step had been a struggle. After years of keeping his head down, he finally 1.9kReads8.4Score22314d adds
- 115 The Pinnacle of Power: I Help Qi Tongwei Defy Heaven and Win 权力巅峰：我带祁同伟胜天半子 234Reads—Score—14d adds
- 116 The Seat of Power 官之位 Orphaned as a boy, Zheng Qing is taken in by a soon-to-retire provincial official after receiving a keepsake left by his father. At the same time, he is forced to shoulder the burdens of two generations far too soon. His enemies are practically untouchable! After entering the political arena, Zheng Qing follows his elders’ dying wishes to serve the people while fighting his way up at all costs, hoping to one day clear his father’s and grandfather’s names and avenge their deaths. Unfortunately, p 12Reads6.8Score—14d adds
- 117 My Dad Is Zhao Mengsheng, and You Say I’m Not Red Enough? 我爸赵蒙生，你说我人不够红？ He transmigrates as the son of Zhao Mengsheng, becoming the ultimate spoiled princeling. With his wife Zhong Xiaoai backing him up, Zhao Tianhong has a clear path to success. With bodyguard Xu Zhengyang at his side, he brings Nie Mingyu to heel and arrests Guo Xiaopeng. He wins over Ding Yuanying and eliminates Zhao Huihuang. As for Gao Qiqiang? I’ll just have my underling’s underling, Chengdu, deal with him. What, Zhang Shihao wants to kidnap me? He hasn’t even made a move, and the countert 8Reads5.2Score—14d adds
- 118 We Agreed to Live Off Our Partners, but Qí Tongwei Smashed the Bowl 说好一起吃软饭，祁同伟把碗砸了 [In the Name of the People + Reborn + Righting Past Wrongs + No System] After shooting himself, Qi Tongwei was reborn on the grounds of Handong University in 1995. With a second chance at life, Qi Tongwei decided to right his past wrongs and change his fate. And he received another big surprise after being reborn: he discovered that his five senses were extraordinarily sharp. He perked up his ears and casually listened in, only to hear some juicy gossip about Liang Qunfeng. It turned out that hi —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 119 Reborn: A Smooth Ride to the Top 重生之一路青云直上 Zhu Bingkun arrives in the 1990s. By anticipating trends and policies, and continually making use of various resources, as well as information and skills he acquired ahead of time, he keeps getting promoted and entrusted with important responsibilities. Along the way, he helps many people and receives help from many others. He makes plenty of enemies, and gets back at plenty of them, too. 1.6kReads8.2Score13514d adds
- 120 A Comeback in Politics: I'm a Living Legend 官场的逆袭，我就是传奇 With no connections, he creates a miracle of promotion in officialdom. With no power, he tramples the arrogant young masters underfoot. With no financial backing, he can still spend money like water... Step by step, he rises to the top and becomes a legend in officialdom. 215Reads5.5Score—14d adds
- 121 I’m Building a Fusion Reactor, So What’s It to You, Li Dakang? 我造核聚变，关你李达康屁事？ The protagonist transmigrates as Sun Liancheng and unexpectedly awakens a cutting-edge technology System. To escape the fate he had in the original series, he either studies quantum satellites through a telescope, writes SCI papers, or develops nuclear fusion in his office and files patents... One day, after the small-stool and rock-candy incidents, Li Dakang holds a training course on laziness in government and livestreams it nationwide. While taking notes, the protagonist accidentally pulls ou 12Reads5.5Score—14d adds
- 122 I, Qi Tongwei, Am Supposed to Be Poor? My Father Is Zhao Mengsheng! 我祁同伟，寒门？但家父赵蒙生！ [In the Name of the People + The Wreath at the Foot of the Mountain + Drawing Sword + The Knockout] They say you can only beat fate by half a move? I'll beat fate itself! Qi Tongwei was reborn in his college days. Since heaven had given him another life, fate would never get to trample him again! But something about his background in this life seemed different. Just a few days after his rebirth, a military jeep drove onto the campus of Handong University. “Qi Tongwei, your father is actually Zha —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 123 In the Name of the People: After One Drunken Night, Gao Xiaoqin Has Triplets! 名义：醉后，高小琴一胎三宝！ Qi Tongwei enters the world of In the Name of the People. Once he gets a boost from the System, he can see that his official career will be smooth sailing. He no longer has to curry favor with Liang Lu or Li Dakang. He doesn't have to listen to Gao Yuliang's lectures anymore. At last, he can openly hold Gao Xiaoqin and start a family with her! 574Reads—Score—14d adds
- 124 In the Name of the People: Reborn as Qi Tongwei, I Refuse to Grovel at Liang Lu's Feet 名义：重生祁同伟，拒绝跪舔梁璐 Qi Tongwei is reborn at Handong University of Political Science and Law and refuses to kneel to Liang Lu! This time, he swears he won't give up his dignity. Starting at the grassroots level, he'll take every step carefully and make his way to the very peak of power in Handong! 786Reads—Score—14d adds
- 125 A Clash of Power 权力对决 After someone else takes the position he earned at the Bureau of Construction, Ma Changtian follows his female superior to the countryside, where he begins a struggle against fate. Money, beauty, and the undercurrents of corruption test Ma Changtian as he fights his way upstream. Should he advance or retreat? A battle for life and death is drawing near... 36Reads8.8Score—14d adds
- 126 Reborn in the Political Arena: Qi Tongwei Reborn in 1990 官场重生：祁同伟重生1990年 “In this life, I, Qi Tongwei, will never kneel!” The anti-drug hero Qi Tongwei shoots himself at Guying Ridge, but unexpectedly is reborn at Handong University in 1990. Carrying thirty-eight years of memories from his previous life in government, he is determined to change the course of his fate. When Liang Lu pursues him, he no longer avoids her, but rejects her outright. Faced with Chen Yang's deep affection, he chooses to let her go rather than drag her down. When Liang Qunfeng tries to suppr —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 127 In the Name of the People: I’m a Decorated Hero, So Who Else Belongs in the Ministry? 名义：功勋满身，我不进部谁进部 [Qi Tongwei + In the Name of the People + The Knockout + brainless fun + a mash-up of all kinds of TV shows!] [Justice may be delayed, but it always arrives? Not this time. It took a taxi here!] On Lone Eagle Ridge, Chief Qi shot himself dead, only to be reborn at Handong University. He also awakened a Merit Shop. Second-Class Police Officer (500 merit points) First-Class Police Officer (1,000 merit points) Third-Class Police Inspector (5,000 merit points) All he has to do is keep fighting c —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 128 Qi Tongwei: I Married Into the Zhao Family, and You Still Dare Investigate Me, Liangping? 祁同伟：入赘赵家亮平还敢查我？ When gunfire rang out at Guling Ridge, the criminal suspect known as Qi broke free from his cocoon, reborn in 1992 as the anti-drug hero who stayed on the front lines despite being shot. Qi Tongwei. The man had awakened! In this life, Qi Tongwei would still risk everything, stake his life in a game of chess against the gods, and swear to win even half a move against Heaven! To reach his goal, he switched sides to Zhao Lichun, married the Zhao family’s second daughter, Xiaohui, and became Zhao Ru 456Reads—Score—14d adds
- 129 Officialdom: The Road to Power Begins as a Police Officer in a Detention Center 官场：掌权之路从看守所民警开始 Yang Junbang, a police officer with the criminal investigation squad, was framed and demoted to work at a detention center. There, Yang Junbang met his benefactor and ultimately embarked on a path to defy fate and change his destiny. 1Reads—Score—14d adds
- 130 In the Name of the People: Great Things Begin When I Reject Liang Lu 人民的名义：伟业从拒绝梁璐开始 Qi Tongwei, who shot himself at Guling Ridge, is reborn in the year Hou Liangping, Zhong Xiaai, and the others start university. Instead of kneeling in a spectacular public display to secure an easy path to advancement, he takes the initiative and brings down Liang Qunfeng, his father-in-law in his previous life. In this life, he changes his fate, gains the upper hand against destiny, climbs step by step, and gradually rises to the very top. 67Reads—Score—14d adds
- 131 Political Power at Its Peak: The Real Game of Power 官场巅峰：真实的权力游戏 When his superiors sent someone down to inspect the place, Ye Xingsheng accidentally offended the female leader while swimming in the pool. He thought his chances of promotion were gone, but instead he rose rapidly through the ranks... 5.1kReads7.8Score40014d adds
- 132 Turning the Heavens Upside Down: What's Wrong with Me Winning Half a Move Against Heaven and Reaching the Top? 倒反天罡：我胜天半子登顶怎么了 [The Tables Turned + Peak-Rank Showdown + High-Stakes Action] After being reborn, Qi Tongwei looks at the familiar faces around him and realizes, to his shock, that the whole world has changed. Sha Ruijin: “Uncle Qi is the person I trust most. Stop trying to drive a wedge between us!” Tian Guofu: “If I'd known Qi Tongwei was Little Jin's uncle, I never would have talked badly about him behind his back. Now I've ended up on the wrong side of both camps.” Gao Yuliang: “When necessary, we can aband 17Reads8.6Score—14d adds
- 133 I'm the Law of Handong. Liangping, You'll Regret It If You Come After Me 我是汉东的天，亮平抓我你别后悔 Wang Yang transmigrates to a world based on a political drama. After years of hard work, he successfully becomes the top leader of Handong! As Wang Yang struggles to balance the competing forces, Hou Liangping suddenly arrives with an imperial warrant to arrest him! “Wang Yang, you kept a mistress and took bribes! What do you have to say for yourself?” Faced with the accusations, Wang Yang tries to explain, but there's no way to clear his name. Soon, Wang Yang is arrested, and Sha Ruijin and Hou 15Reads6.0Score—14d adds
- 134 Rising Through the Ranks: Starting as a Township Chief 平步青云：从乡长开始 Wu Zheng, a cadre reassigned to a new post, faced a hostile welcome on his very first day as township chief. Using his iron-fisted methods, he launched a determined counterattack, climbed one step at a time, and rose to the pinnacle of power. As he advanced, the daughter of a high-ranking official became his confidante, while a group CEO became his close friend. Together, they worked to give ordinary people a better life. 147Reads8.3Score—14d adds
- 135 The Heavy Responsibilities of a Political Career 仕途重任 A sudden mass incident in Huxi County, caused by delays in housing deliveries, exposed how the economic development model of the past decade, built on excessive reliance on land-based financing, had reached its end... Wang Cheng was sent to Huxi County on a temporary assignment and given a mission in a time of crisis. Can he successfully fulfill it? 2.5kReads8.8Score22514d adds
- 136 Face-Slapping Hou Liangping from the Start, Qi Tongwei Switches Sides 开局打脸侯亮平，祁同伟倒戈 Hou Liangping receives an anonymous tip claiming that Zhang Zhongyu, the mayor of Anshui Town, is a petty official with enormous ill-gotten wealth. But when he arrives, he discovers that the town, once notorious throughout Handong for its poverty, has been completely transformed. Not only are the roads clean, but shops line the streets and cars are everywhere. The townspeople tell him that County Chief Zhang Zhongyu helped them grow cash crops long ago, making them all rich. But what kind of cas 349Reads6.1Score—14d adds
- 137 In the Name of Qi Tongwei! 祁同伟的名义！ In the Name of the People + The Knockout + No System + No Over-the-Top Drama Holding a bouquet of flowers, Qi Tongwei stands at the gates of Handong University. This time, he decides he will not kneel. Zhong Xiaoai secretly falls for him! Li Dakang and Liang Lu’s tangled love-hate relationship! Everything starts to change... But Qi Tongwei’s rise to success begins with making bricks... Still, Qi Tongwei happens to have written several full-length novels. 10Reads5.8Score—14d adds
- 138 A Wild Ride Through the Art of Political Intrigue 宦海中权术狂飙 Officialdom is ruthless. In my previous life, I failed to make it out unscathed and even lost my life. For Chen Chang'an, striking back from the brink after being reborn is an essential step toward reclaiming his glory. Social skills matter, but so do strategy and an iron fist. Anyone who doesn't know how to clear obstacles with a shovel will never discover the 108 ways to use one. 220Reads7.1Score—14d adds
- 139 Little Bro, You're a Discipline Inspection Officer, Not a Machine 老弟，你是纪委干部，不是机器啊 [Officialdom + power struggles + the pinnacle of power + crime-solving + anti-corruption + reincarnation + revenge + one heroine + no saintly protagonist + fast-paced] When you’re reborn, don’t panic. Check your social media feed first. Wang Xiaoyong, a discipline inspection official, devoted nearly every day of the year to investigating cases, only to be unfairly dismissed from both his post and the Party over fabricated charges. After being reborn, he has just one wish: as long as his paren 29Reads—Score—14d adds
- 140 A Hound on the Official Road 官路犬踪 A dog follows its master through many hardships and twists of fate. It also witnesses the master's despicable abuse of power and schemes. But justice prevails in the end, and there is nowhere beyond the reach of the law. Ultimately, the master receives the punishment he deserves. 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 141 Officialdom: Power in Interwoven Hands 官场：权利交织 Shang Quancai never expected that simply bragging would let two women turn the tables on him. He didn't want to lose face in front of them, so if he bragged to the point where nobody could prove him wrong, then it wouldn't count as bragging, right? Wasn't there a saying in official circles that nothing is impossible, only people who can't get things done? Besides, once you've taken a dump, can you really sit back down in it? 219Reads6.1Score10814d adds
- 142 The Human Struggle Amid the Turmoil of Government 官场风云中的人性挣扎 In the turbulent, unpredictable world of politics, power and desire intertwine, while justice and greed collide. With its sharp, penetrating prose, this novel, “The Struggle of Human Nature Amid Political Turmoil,” paints a remarkable portrait of life in the political arena. The story follows the protagonist’s political career. When he first enters public service, he is full of ideals and ambition, determined to improve people’s lives. But as he climbs the ranks and is shaped by his surrounding 4Reads—Score—14d adds
- 143 In the Name of the People: I, Sun Liancheng, Will Claim the Top Spot in Handong 名义：我孙连城要问鼎汉东 District Chief of the Universe Sun Liancheng is reborn in his college days. In his previous life, with no connections or powerful backing, he worked diligently in Jingzhou for many years. He was capable, incorruptible, and never abused his position. In the end, Sha Ruijin and Li Dakang still banished him to the Youth Palace. In this life, he will defy fate and make it to the provincial government as soon as possible. Drawing on the perspective and abilities he gained from being reborn, he will c —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 144 Reborn: From Breakup to the Top 重生：从分手到巅峰 Reborn in a parallel world, he transmigrates into the body of a man named Qin Yi. From the start, he is a low-level employee, and because of his job, his girlfriend dumps him on the spot. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 145 Sun Liancheng: They All Call Me the District Chief of the Universe 孙连成：他们都叫我宇宙区长 After a great fire at the Children's Palace, Sun Liancheng, the District Chief of the Universe District who died in the line of duty, is reborn in the 1990s. Determined to prevent the tragedy from happening again, he resolves to seize every resource and defy fate this time around. “Li Dakang, you say I like looking at the stars, but at least I’m not as good at hurdles as you are.” “Zhao Donglai, are the tangyuan good? Even if they are, you can't call me Mom!” “Sha Ruijin, I hear you're good at b 1Reads6.0Score—14d adds
- 146 My Uncle Is Qi Tongwei, and My Childhood Friend Has Zhao Mengsheng as His Backer 我叔祁同伟，发小后台赵蒙生 After transmigrating into In the Name of the People, he gets a second life as Qi Tongwei's nephew. In his previous life, he was too proud to contact Qi Tongwei. As a result, his wife secretly used Qi Tongwei's name to commit all kinds of crimes and climbed the ranks step by step. When Qi Tongwei fell, she immediately threw him under the bus as a scapegoat, then went straight into the deputy bureau chief's arms. Reborn into a new life, he is determined to bring everyone who ever wronged him to th 2.2kReads6.5Score—14d adds
- 147 Back to 2008: I Rose to the Top 重返08：我登权势巅峰 Born in the countryside and looked down on, Lin Feng watches his powerful patron come under investigation and face ruin. His girlfriend betrays him for a wealthy family, and his life hits rock bottom. At the end of his political career and with nowhere left to turn, Lin Feng remains calm and composed, because he’s already been through this once before. Reborn in 2008, he is no longer a pawn for others to sacrifice. A mysterious jade pendant shatters the fate laid out for him; one carefully plann 495Reads7.6Score10314d adds
- 148 Reborn in Handong, I Charge Ahead, and Hou Liangping Panics 重生汉东，一路狂飙，侯亮平慌了 [One Heroine + No System + A Touch of Power Fantasy] Wang Hong woke up reborn in the world of In the Name of the People. From the start, he promoted Sun Liancheng and chewed out Hou Liangping. Hou Liangping: You don't know who I've got behind me? Just wait! Li Dakang: The head of Guangming District can't get anywhere under me, and you, Wang Hong, treat him like a treasure? You're disgracing the officials of Handong! Gao Yuliang: I'm delighted that you're dating Lu Yike, but I really don't like y 82Reads5.3Score—14d adds
- 149 Reborn: My Name Is Qi Tongwei, Part Two 重生之我叫祁同伟【第二部】 After being suppressed by Sha Ruijin, Qi Tongwei is exiled to Lianhai City. He decides to start over, lie low, and wait for a chance to strike back. (Note: This isn't a wish-fulfillment novel. Keep tissues handy if you need them.) 1.4kReads—Score10214d adds
- 150 Officialdom: Refusing to Lie Flat 官场：拒绝躺平 Feeling ill at ease is simply part of life. The choices we make and the effort we put in are challenges we all have to face. A thirty-eight-year-old section chief in a government office is on the verge of taking the next step in his career when all sorts of unexpected troubles strike, changing everything around him… Will he give up and let everything fall apart, or refuse to lie flat? Join us as we follow He Zhe and see how he transforms himself, turns the tide, and becomes a cadre in the mold o 11.4kReads8.4Score96114d adds
