Novels like Siheyuan: From the Start, I Became Twelve-Year-Old Silly Zhu
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as Siheyuan: From the Start, I Became Twelve-Year-Old Silly Zhu, best match first.
- 151 Siheyuan: From the Start, Qin Huairu Takes Up Farming 四合院:开局秦淮如种地 My name is Old Cao… no, Old Wang. Wang as in Wang Dezhu, De as in Wang Dezhu, Zhu as in Wang Dezhu. I seem to be in the world of "The Courtyard of Birds", but there’s a woman who seems to have her eye on my food. She says her name is Qin Huairu, and there’s an adorable little one beside her… 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 152 Siheyuan: I Treat the Sick, and the Beasts Cry for Help 四合院:我给人治病,禽兽喊救命 Song Kai transmigrates into the body of a retired military doctor. He starts work at the steel mill infirmary and moves into the Red Star Courtyard. Just as he's wondering how to make a living, a Divine System appears. His god-tier medical skills save a senior leader's life. The factory director is stunned and chases after him, eager to offer him money and power. Xu Damao conspires with Deputy Director Li and gets himself into trouble. Now he wants me to save him? Sorry, I save people, not vermi —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 153 Siheyuan: From the Start, I Join the Procurement Office and Drive the Courtyard's Beasts Wild with Envy 四合院:开局入职采购员馋疯众禽 Wang Fan accidentally arrives in the 1960s and, after an unexpected mishap, becomes a resident of a courtyard. From the start, the nasty old deaf lady comes over to smash his windows and demands that he cook meat for her every day. As if he'd put up with that! He starts gathering evidence right away, first stripping her of her status as a household supported by the state, then reporting her with ironclad proof that she's an enemy spy! Silly Zhu wants to come beat him up? Then Wang Fan will make 3Reads5.8Score—14d adds
- 154 Siheyuan: Old Madam Deaf Wants Me Dead, So I’m Feasting at Her Funeral 四合院:聋老太要我死,我吃她席 Li Jianmin transmigrates into the world of Love in the Courtyard and becomes the deaf old lady’s nephew? At first, all he wants is to live a decent life. Then he discovers that the wicked deaf old lady has repeatedly tried to kill him and steal his parents’ compensation money. If that’s how it is, then there’s nothing more to say. I’ll just eat at your funeral feast. What about her accomplices, Silly Zhu, Yi Zhonghai, and the others? I’ll send them straight off to sing “Tears Behind Bars”! Not a 1.2kReads5.3Score—14d adds
- 155 Siheyuan: Finding Bargains as a Community Police Officer 四合院:捡漏做片警 [Siheyuan courtyard + period setting + farming + no System] Chen Qiqiang transmigrates to the 1960s, when life is desperately poor. Fortunately, his father is a procurement officer, so he doesn’t have to go hungry every day. From the start, an unexpected lucky break lands him a job as a neighborhood police officer. To make his work easier, Chen Qiqiang moves into a courtyard full of scoundrels. From then on, the courtyard’s troublemakers are in for a rough time. Jia Zhangshi tries to seize someo 3Reads5.1Score—14d adds
- 156 Siheyuan: From the Start, Becoming a Security Guard and Taking the Easy Road 四合院:开局当保安,少走弯路 [This novel combines hostility and everyday life for a dual experience!] In the 1960s, Zhou Sheng retires from the military and transfers to a new job, proudly becoming a security guard at a steel mill. On the train back to Beijing, he subdues a criminal with his bare hands. He happens to meet Chang Qing, a police officer from Nanluoguxiang. From there, everything takes off. He also gets bound to a Slacker System! Who knew slacking off could let him trounce the scoundrels? He begins a happy life 192Reads6.0Score—14d adds
- 157 Siheyuan: Qin Huairu, the Strong-Willed Woman 四合院:女强人秦淮茹 [No golden finger. If you don't like Qin Huairu's family, don't read. In the early chapters, she matches wits with the beasts. Later, she starts her own business and works her way to wealth through hard work and intelligence.] Jia Dongxu has an accident, leaving the Jia family without its sole provider. It's easy to imagine how hard life will be for a family without a man to support it! Faced with three young children and a mother-in-law who spends all day in tears, Qin Huairu ultimately can't 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 158 He Daqing Reborn in the Siheyuan 四合院之何大清重生 As He Daqing lay dying, a voice sounded. “He Daqing, do you regret the way you lived your life?” Hearing the voice, He Daqing closed his eyes and shed a single tear of regret. In a faint voice, he replied, “I do. I regret not taking better care of Zhuzi and Yushui.” “Then live your life over again! Fulfill the wish you’ve held in your heart.” “Take good care of He Yuzhu and He Yushui!” After the voice vanished, a dazzling light appeared before He Daqing’s eyes. “Dad, Dad, wake up! Please wake up 9Reads7.8Score—14d adds
- 159 Siheyuan: Which One of Us Is the Beast? 四合院:咱俩谁禽兽? Yi Bu was about to go to bed when he transmigrated into the TV series Love in the Courtyard and became bound to the Beast System. At first, he was pretty put off by the System’s name. But after arriving in the courtyard, he realized it suited him perfectly. After all, the people in that courtyard were worse than beasts! —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 160 Siheyuan: The Proud Police Officer 四合院:笑傲江湖的警察 Thanks for asking. I’m in the 1960s, fresh off the battlefield. With nothing better to do, He Kun had no idea how the transmigration god had noticed him. All he’d been doing was playing QQ Farm, yet somehow he transmigrated to the 1960s. He even ended up living in a famous courtyard compound. Was someone going to try to take his room from the start? No way. The people in the courtyard seemed pretty reasonable to He Kun. They even helped him move his furniture and tidy up. Let’s see how He Kun, a 756Reads6.2Score—14d adds
- 161 Siheyuan: I Just Want to Live a Peaceful Life 四合院:我只想安稳过日子 Bai Hao transmigrated into the world of the courtyard, becoming an ordinary resident there. With the Super Farm System at his disposal, all Bai Hao wanted was to live a peaceful life. But fate had other plans. The beasts were beasts by nature, so how could they let Bai Hao live in peace? The moral busybody Yi Zhonghai is trying to guilt-trip me into giving him an advantage? No problem, I can play that game too. Let’s see who loses out in the end. Second Master, that official-obsessed guy, wants 4.7kReads6.3Score11814d adds
- 162 Siheyuan: I’m a Public Security Officer 四合院之我是治安官 During the famine years, he accidentally transmigrates into a siheyuan courtyard. With a golden finger at his disposal, he uses his wits and plans every move as he battles the courtyard’s troublemakers for his life and his interests. 42Reads5.4Score—14d adds
- 163 Siheyuan: I Take Down Silly Zhu from the Start, and the Whole Courtyard Erupts 四合院:开局干翻傻柱,全院沸腾 He transmigrates into Love in the Courtyard of Beasts and becomes Silly Zhu's older brother. After returning from military service, he finds that He Daqing has left. He Yuzhu isn't supporting his younger sister's education, and has even let Yushui grow worryingly thin from hunger. He gives every bit of spare money to a widow, and dares to talk back to his own brother? He Yusheng can take no more. He gives Silly Zhu a furious beating and leaves the family home with He Yushui. But the commotion se —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 164 Siheyuan: Starting from A Place Where the Wind Is 四合院:从去有风的地方开始! (Courtyard House + System + Daily Life + Changing the Plot) He Aiguo transmigrates into the world of Love in the Courtyard, becoming Silly Zhu’s younger cousin. He calmly watches the world change and savors all the ups and downs of life. He won’t bother anyone who doesn’t bother him; he’ll enjoy the show and make a game of life. Watch as the young He, a future big shot, joins life in the courtyard house. 1Reads6.0Score—14d adds
- 165 Siheyuan: Every One of You Here Is Trash 四合院:在座的各位都是垃圾 Wang Dachui transmigrates to a courtyard house, where he becomes an old bachelor with the same name. His golden finger activates: a System that rewards him for insulting people. Yi Zhonghai, you're a barren old man! Ding! Reward: one inflatable doll. Second Master, you're a country bumpkin! Ding! Please accept two pounds of pork, Host. Third Master, you're a cheapskate! Ding! One bad-luck talisman. Whoever it's stuck to within ten meters will have a run of bad luck. Jia Zhangshi, you're an ungra 467Reads8.2Score10614d adds
- 166 Siheyuan: Dumped from the Start, I Came Out on Top 四合院:开局被甩,我赢麻了 Shen Yuan dozed off for a moment and transmigrated into the world of Love in the Courtyard. What’s there to fear about getting dumped from the start? I’m a future engineer with five houses to my name. Surely I can find a wife? Who knew he’d run into Qin Huairu, who’d gotten lost on her way to the bathroom, as soon as he stepped outside? One look at Shen Yuan, and Qin Huairu fell for him for life. From then on, she wouldn’t leave him alone. Jia Dongxu: “But you were the girl I was set up with!” H 227Reads5.8Score—14d adds
- 167 Siheyuan: Love in the Courtyard 四合院之情满四合院 This book brings together Love in the Courtyard, Under the Zhengyang Gate, The Little Woman Under the Zhengyang Gate, and Men Are Iron, Rice Is Steel. Watch the protagonist make waves with the help of the System, enjoy a house full of children and grandchildren, and live a thoroughly happy life. 13Reads—Score—14d adds
- 168 Siheyuan: I Became a God of Food to Save My Sister 四合院:为救妹妹,我成了食神 After transmigrating to the Siheyuan, Fang Yan becomes a porter in the canteen of a steel mill. His parents died on the battlefield, leaving only him and an adopted younger sister at home. For the sake of a bite to eat, the original owner was bashed over the head by Silly Zhu. After transmigrating, the protagonist awakens the God of Food System. With the System's help, his life gets better and better. He never lets the courtyard's pack of scoundrels push him around. Using ruthless methods, he pu 474Reads6.4Score—14d adds
- 169 Siheyuan: I Got Beaten to Death from the Start 四合院:开局就被打死 A man works himself to death at his desk from overwork. He transmigrates to a courtyard compound in the 1960s. To his surprise, Silly Zhu kills him as soon as he arrives. With the System’s help, let’s see how I turn the tables and shake things up. Beasts, our battle begins now. 14Reads—Score—14d adds
- 170 Xu Damao Gets Divorced from the Start 许大茂开局就离婚 No brutality, no darkness. If you like dark stories, please move along! Set against the backdrop of Love in the Courtyard and another TV drama, this story tells of a very different life for Xu Damao. 1Reads6.7Score—14d adds
- 171 Siheyuan: Life Beginning in the 1950s 四合院:五零年代开始的生活 I don’t need gifts or positive reviews, but please don’t be abusive either. Everyone has their own views on how to live, work, and treat others. My writing is pretty average. If you can put up with it, feel free to keep reading; if not, just leave. 45Reads6.5Score—14d adds
- 172 Siheyuan: Everyone in the Courtyard Is My Ultimate Tool 四合院,满院都是我的最强工具人 A temporary crossover between The Courtyard, Under the Zhengyang Gate, and The Little Woman Under the Zhengyang Gate. Multiple heroines; readers who prefer a single heroine, please don’t read. Li Yun dies of cancer and unexpectedly transmigrates into the world of The Courtyard, where he is rescued by the Nine Gates Commander and then gains a “spirit spring” that strengthens the body! But when he wakes up, he discovers that the courtyard’s so-called “beasts” have not only taken over his home but 2Reads—Score—14d adds
- 173 Siheyuan: I Came, I Saw, I Conquered 四合院之我来我见我征服 Come see what happens to the poor little soul in the courtyard. The author is just writing for fun, so feel free to read casually. Please go easy on me if you leave criticism, I'm new to this. Without further ado, let's begin our story. 141Reads—Score—14d adds
- 174 Siheyuan: Ancient and Modern Worlds Collide, and Life Is Too Hard 四合院:古今结合,这个世界太难 There are no watches, sewing machines, or bicycles here. All they have are grand red bridal sedans, looms, and horses! And this isn’t a monogamous society! I’m sold! 4Reads5.6Score—14d adds
- 175 Siheyuan: I Really Am Just Helping People 四合院:我真的在助人为乐 A young man from the modern era transmigrates into Silly Zhu in 1965. Luckily, he brings along a “Do Good Deeds” System. The first thing he has to face is Xu Damao accusing him of stealing a chicken! —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 176 Siheyuan: The Heaven-Ordained Villain, Tripping Up Silly Zhu from the Start 四合院:天命大反派,开局坑傻柱 A thirty-year-old virgin opens his eyes to find he has become Xu Damao, the tragic character from Love in the Courtyard, and is bound to a rip-off System. In this poor sixties, he can barely make ends meet by constantly turning the tables on the System. “Hey, Silly Zhu, it’s not that I want to mess with you. If you want to blame someone, blame the System!” 16Reads5.6Score—14d adds
- 177 Siheyuan: A Carefree Life Begins With the Magic Brush of Ma Liang 四合院:逍遥人生从神笔马良开始 Bai Jingping transmigrates to the 1960s and gets bound to the Ten-Mile Gallery System from the start. He gains the power of a divine brush and becomes the legendary painter Ma Liang! He paints a villa in his personal space, then a bed, then a girl to keep him company. A warm home with a wife and kids, and a traditional Chinese doctor to help him stay healthy. Bai Jingping sweeps through the capital! He smiles as clouds drift by and calmly watches storms gather! The scoundrels have only three tho 9Reads5.4Score—14d adds
- 178 Siheyuan: Reborn as Silly Zhu, Racing All the Way 四合院:魂穿傻柱,一路狂飙 He Yuzhu, an overworked 996 office drone, transmigrates into the body of Silly Zhu in the world of the courtyard. Faced with the fate of being stuck with someone else's leftovers, He Yuzhu cries, “NO!” He decisively snatches Lou Xiao'e away, makes Xu Damao his sworn brother, and plans ahead. Then he races ahead on a golden path unlike any other. A different courtyard, a different kind of excitement. This synopsis is too short to do the story justice, so please head to the main text. 4Reads—Score—14d adds
- 179 Siheyuan: From the Start, I Get a Book of Moral Lessons 四合院:开局一本道德笔记 When Xu Jianmin wakes up, he has transmigrated into the world of Love in the Courtyard, becoming a breath of fresh air among all the villains. The neighbors are all villains? No problem. I have a Good Deeds Notebook. As the saying goes, the book holds gold mines, and the book holds jade mines. First Master needs someone to support him in his old age? I'll do it! Second Master wants to become an official? I'll do it! Third Master loves scheming? I'll do it! Xu Damao wants a son? I'll take care of 4Reads—Score—14d adds
- 180 Siheyuan: Tame the Beasts and Find a Home Full of Love 四合院:驯服禽兽终会情满 This story is mostly free of hostility. It simply tells of the ordinary, uneventful lives of neighbors, with the protagonist observing and getting to know the Siheyuan. It follows how everyone’s attitudes change. 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 181 Siheyuan: Xiaoe's Brother Beats the Daylights Out of Silly Zhu 四合院:晓娥他哥,暴揍傻柱 In his early years, he used the power of the System to seek his fortune abroad. When the winds of reform swept across China, he headed to the capital to negotiate a partnership with the steel mill. At this point! Old Mrs. Deaf had already passed away. Bang Geng had just returned from his rural assignment, and would soon learn to operate a film projector from Xu Damao. Qin Huairu and Silly Zhu were still carrying on their ambiguous relationship. Facing the whole courtyard full of beasts, Lou Xiao 49Reads—Score—14d adds
- 182 Siheyuan: Yuanfang, What Do You Think? 四合院:元芳,你怎么看? Li Yuanfang, the "Acting Grand General of the Imperial Guards," whooshes into the future a thousand years later... Starting in the courtyard, he sees all the "flowers" of "human life." I was here. I proved it... Bajie really is a pig. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 183 Siheyuan: The Local's Rise 四合院:土著的逆袭 This book mostly borrows the setting of a courtyard-house drama as a thin disguise. What it really depicts are various aspects of that era. It has little of the usual hostility, and the plot starts very late: even after at least 500 chapters, it still hasn't gotten underway. It's a decent period piece, but not a proper courtyard-house drama. If you like fights and black-market pardon letters, this isn't for you. But if you enjoy history, you won't regret giving it a try. 4Reads8.0Score—14d adds
- 184 Siheyuan: My Space Won't Let Me Take in Men 四合院:空间不让收男丁 Cao the Bandit, a different kind of courtyard, different people. If you're looking for hostility, you won't find it here. This is a haven for the poor women of the courtyard, a place where their much-maligned souls can rest. Don't come in if you dislike Qin Huairu. Don't come in if you dislike Silly Zhu. My writing and abilities are limited. This is just a simple amateur story. If it's not good, let me know. Thanks. 1Reads6.5Score—14d adds
- 185 Siheyuan: I, Xu Damao, Refuse to Be a Villain 四合院之我许大茂不当小人 My name is Xu Damao. I’m a modern man who accidentally found himself in the world of the Courtyard House. Since we shared the same name and looked remarkably alike, I fell from the sky and accidentally crushed Xu Damao to death. The new Xu Damao won’t be a villain. This isn’t a story about picking fights with the world; it’s about a loving, harmonious courtyard. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 186 Siheyuan: I'm Silly Zhu's Neighbor 四合院:我和傻柱是邻居 Jiang Zhengguo had been lounging at home watching TV when he unexpectedly transmigrated into the TV drama Love in the Courtyard, where he became a man who beat and berated his wife and daughter at the drop of a hat. Faced with Qin Huairu, the grasping widow; Bang Geng, the ungrateful brat; Xu Damao, full of schemes; the sanctimonious First Uncle; the Second Uncle obsessed with official titles; and the Third Uncle, always plotting and calculating... Jiang Zhengguo resolutely decides to turn over 19Reads—Score—14d adds
- 187 Siheyuan: He Yuzhu's New Beginning 四合院之何雨柱的新生 He transmigrates into Love in the Courtyard and even becomes He Yuzhu. He stays away from all the ridiculous messes. Don’t try to guilt-trip me with morality. If you have something to say, just say it. He sticks to his own values and way of life. There is a System, but it isn’t all that overpowered. 2kReads7.9Score—14d adds
- 188 Siheyuan: Heaven Will Punish These Scoundrels 四合院之禽兽必有天收 After transmigrating into Love in the Courtyard, Lin Tian just wants to live a good, quiet life and use his System to make his mark on the era. But the scoundrels in the courtyard won’t let him. They laugh when you have nothing and resent you when you have something. If the courtyard isn’t full of chaos and petty trouble, is it even a courtyard anymore? Lin Tian: Then let’s fight. After all, what goes around comes around! 4.8kReads7.0Score15214d adds
- 189 Siheyuan: Taking a Loss Is a Blessing 四合院之吃亏是福 Now that Silly Zhu has a System, will his fate change? Or will he keep following the same path as before? No one knows, and neither does he. But when another soul takes Silly Zhu's place and carries on with his life, will it still follow the same old path? 3.7kReads7.2Score10114d adds
- 190 Siheyuan: Qin Huairu's Childhood Sweetheart 四合院:秦淮茹的青梅竹马 Cao Shuai transmigrated to the 1960s. He never expected to be from the same village as the two beauties, Qin Huairu and Qin Jingru. But Qin Huairu was determined to marry into the city, so she kicked Cao Shuai to the curb. After that, Cao Shuai started dating Qin Jingru… But to his surprise, she looked down on him too and chose to go to the city for a blind date. Cao Shuai was at a loss for words. Then, by chance, he got a job at a factory and acquired a System… That was when the good times fina 241Reads5.3Score—14d adds
- 191 Siheyuan: Stealing Lou Xiao'e and Building a Happy Family 四合院:截胡娄晓娥,幸福一家人 Wang Yunlong transmigrates to a courtyard compound in 1952 and awakens a mission System from the start. He discovers that neither Lou Xiao'e nor Qin Huairu is married yet. Qin Huairu is a white lotus who chews people up and slaps them down. Wang Yunlong has no interest in her whatsoever. Lou Xiao'e, with her fair skin and beauty, is gentle and considerate. He wastes no time winning her over. And so, Wang Yunlong and Lou Xiao'e begin their married life. With their fill of food and drink, they sit —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 192 Siheyuan: The Legacy of Cao Wei 四合院之曹魏遗风 Cao Wei dies and unexpectedly transmigrates into Love in the Courtyard, becoming one of the courtyard’s residents. Cao Wei, who has relied on his elder brother Cao Zheng for support, now finds the courtyard’s scoundrels plotting to take away his and his brother’s home. In the empty house, Cao Wei is reborn. Cao Wei is furious. I’m not a pushover anymore! In this life, Cao Wei decides to stand up for justice. This time, he’ll take back what belongs to him, get his job back, and reclaim everything 4Reads5.9Score—14d adds
- 193 Siheyuan: A Level 10 Fitter from the Start, Shocking Everyone 四合院:开局十级钳工,震惊全场 A young man transmigrates to the world of the Siheyuan and accidentally gains a sign-in System. Daily sign-ins, weekly sign-ins, monthly sign-ins, yearly sign-ins... As long as the Host signs in every day, he can receive all kinds of rewards, including metalworking skills, master-level cooking, exceptional throwing-knife techniques, miraculous medicines, spatial rings, invisibility talismans, silence talismans, and more. The rewards keep coming, and there is something for everyone. “Ding! Congra 38Reads5.2Score—14d adds
- 194 Siheyuan: The Super Procurement Officer 四合院之超级采购员 People transmigrate into new bodies all the time. Is it my turn today? Zhao Dezhu wakes up looking the same, but his living conditions have changed beyond recognition. Would a young man with no morals, manners, or education care about Yi Zhonghai and the others trying to guilt-trip him? Would he fall for Qin Huairu’s manipulative act? Could he put up with pretentious bootlickers and petty villains? 169Reads5.4Score—14d adds
- 195 Siheyuan: A House Full of Descendants 四合院之子孙满堂 Cao Dalu transmigrated into a courtyard house. He got a System, then promptly lost it. It also left him with a restriction. What a pain. To remove the seal, he has to father ten children! And things get even more complicated when it turns out Banggeng, Qin Huairu's son, is actually his from his previous life! But none of that can stop his resolve to spread his seed across the land. Now that he's transmigrated, he has nothing to fear! Watch Cao Dalu break free of his shackles and bring a very dif 1Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 196 Siheyuan: I’ll Never Take Jia the Parasite Off Anyone’s Hands 四合院:我誓不接盘贾蛀虫 By sheer chance, he returned to the 1950s and took the place of a young Silly Zhu. From the very start, he got the beautiful woman first, leaving no chance for Xu Damao and his gang of bastards to lay a finger on her. He changed Silly Zhu’s original fate, made his way across the land, ventured through Zhengyang Gate, and seized the opportunities brought by the changing times. He became rich overnight. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 197 Siheyuan: I Have a Dream Space 四合院:我有一个睡梦空间 [The protagonist is a little evil. Righteous readers, stay away] In the dream realm, Li Wenbin has a hundred ways to make other people suffer. Qin Huairu plays the poor victim? He’ll put her on the tiger bench and make her drink pepper water, so she’ll have a real reason to cry. Jia Zhangshi refuses to listen to reason? He’ll pit a souped-up Jia Zhangshi against Yi Zhonghai and Silly Zhu. Fight poison with poison! Yi Zhonghai tries to guilt-trip people with morality? You, Silly Zhu, want to be a —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 198 I'm the Villain of the Siheyuan 四合院我是小人 Fang Xing, a university student from the twenty-first century, was transmigrated to the 1960s after an accident while repairing some electrical wiring. Even more terrifying, he ended up in Love in the Courtyard. But there's no need to worry: if they're beasts, then I'm a scoundrel. —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 199 Rising to the Top with Sign-Ins in Siheyuan 四合院之签到崛起 Rising to the top doesn’t have to be a solo journey. This is the story of a transmigrator who inexplicably transmigrates into a courtyard, alongside a cast of people from the original world. Just some casual writing to share a few thoughts. There’s no hostility in this book, and the characters won’t be made into monsters. If it’s not for you, feel free to drop it. Thanks! 451Reads6.6Score—14d adds
- 200 Siheyuan: Li Yunlong's Great-Nephew, and My Surname Is Zhao! 四合院:李云龙他大侄我姓赵! This is an extremely chaotic fanfic: the timeline is a mess, the order in which characters appear is a mess, the plot is a mess, and the relationships between characters are even more tangled. It perfectly reflects that chaotic era. [If it's not your cup of tea, please don't flame me. Thanks!] 486Reads6.4Score—14d adds

















































