Novels like Living with My Dream Guy Left Me Speechless
Books Chinese readers most often put in the same booklists as Living with My Dream Guy Left Me Speechless, best match first.
- 101 Looking Toward Tomorrow, Looking Toward Tomorrow 望明天望明天 [Raising a younger love interest + Campus + Devoted to each other + First love + Winning back her husband + Sweet romance] Ruan Xi's parents were irresponsible. It wasn't until her uncle took her to the city for high school that she met the person who would dazzle her throughout her youth: Song Yin. He was exceptional and aloof, yet sheltered her when she was at her most helpless. She desperately tried to keep up with him, struggling between her growing feelings and her insecurity. He kept his b 1.2kReads8.3Score13214d adds
- 102 After Breaking Up with the Heroine, I Was Forced into Love 和女主分手后，我被强制爱了 After Breaking Up with the Female Lead, I Was Forced into a Relationship 12Reads—Score—14d adds
- 103 Little Devil, Don't Kiss Me 恶魔少爷别吻我 [Sharp-tongued but secretly affectionate young master vs. adorable, stubborn bunny maid: sweet campus romance] After her mother dies, she has nowhere to go and ends up living under the same roof as the school’s resident devil. At first, Han Qilu tells her, “Get out of our house!” and “You just want me to fall in love with you, don’t you?” Later, Han Qilu says, “She’s my woman,” and “You’re not allowed to talk to other men anymore.” An Chuxia: Does he like me? What should I do? I need an answer o 249Reads9.0Score—14d adds
- 104 Who Says the Villainess Can't Date the Male Lead? 谁说女配不能和男主谈恋爱 After more than two years as a stunt double and an extra, I finally landed a small role with 38 lines. Wait, the guy playing the male lead, isn't that my high school deskmate? The chubby kid who sobbed after I turned down his confession! “Young Master.” I steeled myself and went in, hoping he wouldn't recognize me. “Oh! Hello there, Guard Zhan.” —Reads—Score—14d adds
- 105 Clinging to Him, Kissing Her 缠着他吻着她 [Gentle and refined man and young girl] [Seven-year age gap, sweet romance, secret crush, everyday life, both are inexperienced] Lin Zhaozhao was sent to live with her maternal grandmother, where she met a young man. He was tall and slender, with a handsome, refined face and narrow, phoenix-shaped eyes. When the corners of his eyes lifted in a smile, he looked wickedly charming. She always liked to call him "Big Brother." That year, Shen Zhixu returned from studying abroad. Living unde 182Reads8.4Score—14d adds
- 106 My Female Boss's Gaze Seems Strange 女上司看我的眼神很不对劲 My Female Boss Looks at Me in a Very Strange Way 21Reads—Score—14d adds
- 107 Steal a Kiss of Cotton Candy 偷亲一口棉花糖 Sweet, Adorable Girl x Cool, Aloof Hottie Childhood friends to lovers + a sugary-sweet romance Rumor had it that a pretty girl had moved in downstairs. She seemed cool and distant. Zheng Luzhou scoffed when he heard that. “Cool and distant? You’ve never seen her chasing me around trying to beat me up.” Later, Zheng Luzhou, who was rumored to have no interest in women, was knocked off his pedestal. Every day, all he talked about was Mian this and Mian that, doting on his childhood sweetheart as 310Reads9.1Score10314d adds
- 108 Healing the Beautiful but Tragic Male Supporting Character 治愈那个美惨男配 Mu Qing stayed up all night reading a women-in-power novel called "Doting on My Husband". She felt so sorry for the male supporting character that she angrily wrote the author a 6,000-word rant in the comments, demanding a happy ending for him. Her sympathy score was so high that it activated the Male Supporting Character Healing System, which sent her into the book to complete a healing mission. Once the character's corruption score reached zero, she would be sent back to the real world. Mu Qin 60Reads5.9Score—14d adds
- 109 Baby, Come Back! 宝贝，回来！ [Mutual devotion + both each other's one and only + doting romance] Ten years after the grandmother and older brother next door helped raise her, chemistry whiz Su Yuxi flies halfway around the world to return home, determined to find them. When she mistakenly believes they were lost in a disaster, she nearly falls apart. A month later, she sees the older boy from next door in class and bursts into tears several times. It turns out they have both been missing each other and never forgot their p 45Reads—Score—14d adds
- 110 Peach Ran Away 桃子跑了 [Sweet romance, rekindled love, no angst, mutual devotion, love going both ways] In the reckless days of her youth, she slept with the man she had a crush on, then left without a backward glance. Who could have guessed that years later, he’d catch her at a matchmaking event? She’d gone too far... and, afraid she’d end up in court, she ran away again… 235Reads7.7Score10514d adds
- 111 Roses Slowly Warm 玫瑰渐暖 Shen Mianyin once loved Xu Yuzhou, so deeply that it brought her to her knees. In high school, she worked up the courage to confess her feelings. Xu Yuzhou, who was doing his homework, stopped writing and sneered: “You’d be better off solving a couple more tough math problems with that time.” She reached for the rose and fell flat in the mud. - So Shen Mianyin hid her feelings and learned to keep her distance from Xu Yuzhou. But she never imagined that she would become his wife. The day after th 1.6kReads8.2Score14214d adds
- 112 Sweet Taming 甜驯 [Sweet Campus Romance] [Top Student x Underachiever] [Sweet-and-Cool Transfer Student x Carefree Troublemaker] What’s the hardest part of a man? Ran Tian says it’s his mouth. But everyone in Beizhen knows that Yu Jin, the school bully at No. 1 High School, has fists harder than anything else. No one dares to provoke him lightly. The new transfer student is the exception. She keeps going against him, time and time again. Everyone’s advice to her is: “Get a VIP membership card at Beizhen Peopl 72Reads9.3Score—14d adds
- 113 The Older Man Has Eight Hundred Schemes for His Little Bunny 老男人他对小白兔有八百个心眼 [Cunning big bad wolf VS sweet little bunny | Both virgins, satisfying read, sugary romance] After an accident, an innocent little bunny got saddled with a cunning older man. After Lu Chenxiao coaxed and sweet-talked her all the way, he finally brought the young woman home as his bride. What happens when a tearful, clingy little bunny meets a gloomy older man who looks terrifying? “Honey, give me a hug.” “No. You were drinking out there today, and I haven’t even settled the score with you yet. G 1.2kReads6.7Score15714d adds
- 114 My Yandere AI Girlfriend Wants to Become One with Me 病娇AI女友想与我融为一体 My Yandere AI Girlfriend Wants to Merge with Me 90Reads—Score25914d adds
- 115 Reborn in High School, She Doesn't Choose Him This Time 重生高中，她不选他了 [Rebirth + Brothers in a Love Triangle + Ex-Wife Chase + Living Under Someone Else’s Roof] [Clearheaded Sweetheart vs. Dad-Type Boyfriend] At seventeen, Ning Ranqiu moved in with the Zhou family and met Zhou Shengyi, who had come to pick her up. The carefree young man glanced over with a mischievous smile. “Are you the Qiu my grandpa talks about all the time?” Caught by those captivating eyes, Ning Ranqiu blushed and nodded. After they married, Ning Ranqiu was diagnosed with cancer, while news 5.7kReads8.5Score68514d adds
- 116 My Childhood Friend Became a Surprise Arrival 竹马变天降 When Lin Shixi was four, her father was transferred from Laijiang to Linnan, and she moved with him. After the high school entrance exams, she returned to Laijiang for high school, only to be told that she had a childhood sweetheart she was promised to as a baby... This childhood sweetheart, whom she hadn't seen in twelve years, was the top student in his grade at Laijiang No. 1 High School, a well-known figure around campus and the flower on a lofty peak in everyone's eyes. Later, this lofty fl 358Reads9.2Score10314d adds
- 117 My Wife Refuses to Enter the Hell of Chasing Her Husband 妻子拒绝进入追夫火葬场 My Wife Refuses to Enter the Chasing-Her-to-the-Crematorium Phase 7.3kReads—Score9014d adds
- 118 Baby, Be Good and Come Here to Your Big Brother 宝贝，乖，到哥哥这里来 Eight-year age gap / a gentle, devoted, fatherly boyfriend × a sweet, well-behaved young woman Growing up together, secret love, mutual devotion, falling in love over time... this story has a bit of everything!!!!! [Content note: This isn’t a wish-fulfillment novel, but a gentle, heartwarming slice of life.] When Wen Ningwan was fourteen, she became a burden her relatives didn’t want. It was Old Master Gu who brought her back to the Gu family. Later, because of her schooling, he entrusted her t 2.6kReads9.1Score25714d adds
- 119 After Falling into the Wrong Arms, I Was Spoiled to Tears by the Chaste Big Shot 扑错后，被禁欲大佬宠哭了 [Mutually devoted couple] + [Sweet romance] After getting drunk, she hooked up with a gorgeous younger guy and even hurt him! The guy she'd thoroughly worn out latched onto her, moved into her home, and acted like he was her master: proud, awkward, and cold. What made her lose it even more was that he was the big boss's son! After accidentally taking advantage of the group's young heir, she hoped to put the whole thing behind her and send the kid packing as soon as possible. Instead, the aloof y 422Reads9.0Score10014d adds
- 120 Fierce as the Wind 风炙 [Mutual healing + childhood sweethearts + bittersweet romance + the one who got away + 1v1] [Resilient, brave heroine × roguishly handsome school bully] Jian Li and Chen Chuan grew up together. Chen Chuan had protected Jian Li since childhood, giving her the very best of everything he could. Jian Li never let Chen Chuan down either. She trusted him, relied on him, and had eyes only for him. When Jian Li was ten, her parents divorced, and she was forced to leave Ancheng. A misunderstanding severe 724Reads9.0Score10914d adds
- 121 My Alluring Cousin Turns the Mad Young Lord into a Puppy! 表妹娇媚，把疯批世子调成修勾！ [Possessive love + lofty beauty brought down from her pedestal + both virgins + forced love] Mad, powerful minister × pure, innocent sweetheart A great fire took Qifu’s happy family from her. With her dying breath, her mother told her to seek refuge with her aunt, who had married into the Duke’s household. After Qifu arrives at the Duke’s estate, she is drawn into the world of this aristocratic family. Her aunt’s death and her desire for bloody revenge leave her no choice but to approach Xie Jin 1.6kReads6.4Score10814d adds
- 122 My Dearest Wheat in the Fields 最爱垄头麦 Gu Xiaoman never expected to run into Yang Yining again years later, let alone have him become her boss. The first time, he transferred her to a different position, saying her qualifications didn’t match. The second time, he wouldn’t let her attend a business dinner, saying he had a video conference for her to host. The third time… With a look of disdain, he assigned her one task after another, but when she thought about it, she was the one who benefited each time. The boy who once sat in front 57Reads8.2Score—14d adds
- 123 I Accidentally Sent My Boss the Message Meant for My Best Friend 误把发给闺蜜的消息发给了老板 I accidentally sent my boss the message meant for my best friend 38.5kReads—Score89714d adds
- 124 An Awkward Game 生涩游戏 [Forbidden] -- Zhou Chixu disliked Xia Zhixin from the very first moment he saw her. He hated her radiance, her sunshine, and the vigorous life she seemed to exude. But the more he hated her, the more he wanted to make her his. 2.7kReads8.7Score20314d adds
- 125 Don't Cry, Big Brother's Here 别哭，哥哥抱 [Mutual devotion + sweet romance + sugary fluff] Bright and charming Su Ruan VS the cunning, roguishly handsome young master Ever since Gu Manman started sharing a roof with Chi Yu, she’s been late more and more often. Chi Yu steals her snacks, makes her fix him a glass of milk, throws away her book of mistakes, and even lets the air out of her little electric scooter... He’s done just about every rotten thing imaginable! At last, Gu Manman can’t take it anymore and goes to confront him! Seeing 3.2kReads9.1Score20014d adds
- 126 Lime Meets Soda 青柠撞汽水 [Sweet romance + mutually devoted + possessive love + two top students + long-planned love] During the final semester of her senior year, Jiang Zhichu moves in with the Xu family and meets Xu Jinnian. At their first meeting, the boy's eyes are cold and distant. He sternly draws a line between them and lays down two rules. Everyone assumes the two of them will have absolutely nothing to do with each other in private. Jiang Zhichu thinks so too. She and Xu Jinnian are like intersecting lines, comi 42kReads9.1Score7.7k14d adds
- 127 Wild Sweetheart 野甜心 Sweet, straightforward childhood friend vs. fake-good, aloof childhood friend [Lighthearted sweet romance ~ childhood friends ~ HE ~ devoted to each other ~ reunited after years apart] On the first day of term, a group of female student assistants camped out at the sign-in desk. They just wanted to find out... whether the rumored handsome, refined new student really looked that good in person. Well... it turned out the impossibly handsome top student the upperclassmen had been raving about was 82Reads6.2Score—14d adds
- 128 True to That Rainy Day Under Clear Skies 不负当年晴时雨 Shi Yu is the Jiang family’s adopted daughter, and Jiang Yichen believes she indirectly caused his mother’s death. She loves Jiang Yichen, and on her eighteenth birthday, her diary is exposed, laying her secret crush bare for everyone to see. Only after Jiang Yichen throws her diary on the ground and tramples it underfoot like it’s worthless does she understand that the man she loves will never love her back... Until one day, a woman tells her, “I saw your photo on Jiang Yichen’s phone...” 209Reads8.4Score10714d adds
- 129 Sick Obsession: He’s Beyond Saving 病态偏爱：他坏透了 Possessive, all-consuming love, no groveling redemption arc. (Completed school-life novella) One-on-one romance, both leads have only ever loved each other. After his father was transferred, Zhai Ming and his family moved to B City. The day before school started, he went to a local bar with a few friends. He was drugged and, half out of it, grabbed the first girl he could find. The next day, he was delighted to discover that the adorable little rabbit who had captivated him the night before was 1.8kReads8.9Score11014d adds
- 130 His Canary 他的金丝雀 Eight years ago, the Gu family was struck by disaster, and Gu Zhan personally shattered the heart of the girl he had cherished for twelve years. Eight years later, he returned covered in blood, and they crossed paths again. But the young woman, wearing heels and holding his friend’s arm, told him, “Uncle, I’m getting married! You’re happy for me, right?” Dark anger surged in the man’s eyes. Just as cruel as he’d been eight years ago, he pinned her beneath him and said in a low voice, “Yiyi, you’ 1.7kReads9.1Score14914d adds
- 131 A Heart Stirred by Desire 入色悸动 Shen’s mother remarries and marries into the well-known wealthy Pei family of Dongzhou. From then on, Shen Huaixi is known as the Pei family’s Eighth Miss. Four years later, she meets Pei Yi, a man who seems elegant but exudes superiority. He is her cousin in name. Little does she know this is where her world begins to fall apart. Pei Yi makes no attempt to hide his feelings for Shen Huaixi. His affection is direct and intense. Until one day, she stumbles upon his secret. Shen Huaixi stares at t 6.2kReads9.1Score80014d adds
- 132 My Brother’s Friend Fell for Me at First Sight 我哥的兄弟对我一见倾心 Hu Min Ye was the captivating, otherworldly heartthrob of No. 7 High School, a flower growing on an inaccessible peak. No one expected that one day he would step down from his pedestal for a girl, wishing he could hold her so close she became part of him and dote on her with his life. “Qiao Qiao, come a little closer. I’m not going to bite.” You can bite me... “Qiao Qiao, I’m here to make up for every regret you’ve ever had.” “The girl in my family doesn’t need to deal with any love rivals. You 252Reads9.3Score10214d adds
- 133 A Gentle Whisper: Dr. Lu’s Sweetheart 轻声低哄，陆医生的小甜心 The thing Bo Ran regretted most in her life was getting involved with Lu Tingxiu, a man who was nothing like he seemed. To outsiders, he was aloof and untouchable. But through his actions, he showed her what a living hell of darkness really meant. Forced into a game where they each got what they wanted, she became entangled with him beyond all hope of escape. Lu Tingxiu had always thought he could control her, because she was so obedient and compliant. It was only when she turned and walked away 265Reads—Score—14d adds
- 134 The School Bully’s Deskmate Is So Sweet 校霸的小同桌很甜 [Good girl x cocky school delinquent] A new transfer student arrives at Ning City No. 1 High School. She’s sweet and well-behaved. But somehow, she’s assigned to sit next to the school’s resident terror. Everyone thinks she’s doomed and waits for him to crush the poor girl. They wait and wait, only to find that the flower hasn’t wilted. In fact, she’s blooming more beautifully than ever. At first, Chi Ye doesn’t know why he keeps picking on his new deskmate. He likes the way she bares her teeth 1.3kReads8.6Score18414d adds
- 135 Huh? What's Wrong with a Washed-Up Star Going Off the Rails? 哎？我一个糊咖发癫怎么了 "Huh? So What If This Washed-Up Star Has a Meltdown?" A tangy-sweet, spicy heroine × a powerful love-struck man who talks himself into everything [A goofy story set in the entertainment industry. The heroine relies on reckless antics to stay alive.] After transmigrating into a book, Xia Yichu becomes a nobody destined to be cannon fodder. Her agent tells her to show more personality. Xia Yichu: “What personality does a corpse need? Should I play a zombie?” Her rival gives her a hard time. Xia Yi 69Reads8.9Score—14d adds
- 136 Me and the Cold-Hearted Her 我和高冷的她 Me and the Ice-Cold Her 8Reads—Score—14d adds
- 137 He's Cocky and Irresistible 他又拽又撩 A brash, unruly, world-weary young master × a seemingly aloof girl who acts calm even when he's flirting with her [Mutual healing] [Both flirt and dote on each other] [Both virgins, one-on-one romance] A darling of the heavens like Jin Chi was a proud, spirited young man, yet also a cocky, delinquent troublemaker no one dared get close to. But on Children's Day, someone saw him trailing Jiang Huaixia with a whole bunch of candied hawthorns in one hand and the other tucked in his pocket. With a t 201Reads9.2Score10314d adds
- 138 Lihua Shu 璃花舒 (Alternate world, no transmigration, no rebirth, one-on-one romance) In the household of Shen Beiqi, Duke of Jing, there's a gentle young adopted sister as lovely as a jade flower. Her name is Shen Li, though everyone calls her Third Miss Shen. There's someone she's loved since childhood, a secret known to no one but herself. Shen Li was born Jiang Li. When she was eight, disaster struck her family, and her father and brothers were exiled. Shen Beiqi was close friends with Jiang Li's elder broth 2.1kReads8.8Score22614d adds
- 139 Sweet When the Wind Rises 风起时很甜 [Campus + urban life + secret crush + reunion after years apart + devoted to one another] At first: aloof, elegant angel × cold, proud, loyal puppy. Later: gentle, determined legal aid lawyer × aloof, brooding finance CEO On her first day in Ninghai, Ji Hanuo met the Lu family, old friends of her parents. Lu’s parents had held her when she was little and treated her like their own daughter, cherishing her dearly. Their son was no exception. Though Lu Haoyu’s standing in the family plummeted afte 50Reads6.1Score—14d adds
- 140 Shh, Don't Let Her Find Out 嘘，别被她发现 Jiang Ni was born in a military compound. Her father, a regiment commander, and her mother, a teacher, spoiled her endlessly. As the youngest child in the compound, she was also especially doted on by all the other adults there. The other kids in the compound adored their little sister, too. But Tang Si was the exception. He loved teasing Jiang Ni, who refused to back down and spent her days going against him, from elementary school all the way through university. Ever since Tang Si moved into t 87Reads8.1Score—14d adds
- 141 The Island Sleeps 岛屿沉眠 [Youthful campus romance + healing + warmth + mutual devotion] [Resilient, adrift top student girl & cold, proud campus heartthrob] Chen Mian from the liberal arts class and Shen Yu from the science class are two very different people. One is trapped in a quagmire, scraping by doing odd jobs for others and struggling to survive in a cramped room; the other is adored by everyone, chauffeured everywhere in luxury cars, and lives alone in a sprawling mansion. By day, the people around Shen Yu come 1.9kReads9.4Score21014d adds
- 142 AI Robot Sequence AI机器人序列 After the Third World War, a nuclear war, humanity faced a Fourth World War: a war of robots. Li Guangfu owns a small robot company. Without a moment’s hesitation, he joins the robot war with the machines his company built… 3Reads—Score—14d adds
- 143 The Adorable Jiang Shao's Sweetheart Is So Good and Gentle 傲娇江少的小可爱又乖又软 [Arrogant, cocky, and tsundere bad boy × sweet, gentle cutie] [One-on-one sweet romance, mutual salvation] Jiang Zhuo never thought he’d get the chance to see Song Zhi again. In that moment, he thought that maybe Heaven had finally been kind to him. Arrogant and proud as he was, he worked harder and harder to get a little closer to Song Zhi. Looking into the girl’s eyes, bright with starlight, he said in a low, husky voice, “Zhizhi, I’ll work hard to become a better person. Could you wait for me 135Reads9.2Score—14d adds
- 144 His Rose-Tinted Smoke 他的玫瑰烟 [Alluring Investment Banker × Polished Finance Bad Boy] When they were young, Sui Yan and the arrogant young master of the Qi family ended up living under the same roof. They couldn't stand the sight of each other. Everyone knew they had a terrible relationship, but somehow a rumor spread that Young Master Qi had pinned Sui Yan against a wall and kissed her for half an hour. The rumor was eventually disproved, and Qi Jingxu went overseas to further his studies, becoming a carefree banker on Wall 3.3kReads9.1Score28914d adds
- 145 I Give You the Deep Blue Sea 许你湛海深蓝 Because of her family circumstances, Yan Sang, whom everyone called a little fairy, moved in with Xu Zhan, the unanimously acknowledged heartthrob of Tianyang No. 1 High School. They had met as children, but only Xu Zhan remembered. Yan Sang noticed that ever since she met Xu Zhan, he did nothing but sleep or play basketball. But later, she realized he had stopped sleeping so much. Instead, he liked teasing her, helping her with her studies, and taking her shopping. Then one day, he cornered her 263Reads9.3Score10214d adds
- 146 The Sweetheart Can't Hide Her Morning Sickness, So Stop Kissing Her, Uncle CEO 甜宝孕吐藏不住，总裁大叔别亲了 [Complete] A sweet CEO romance Adoring CEO + mutual devotion + adorable baby + six-year age gap. [Gentle little angel x domineering CEO who spoils her rotten. Healing, slow-burn and tender, pure sweetness.] Wen Tiantian became an orphan at eighteen, but luck was on her side: the richest man in the country, Li Jingnian, took her in. At twenty-one, after one passionate night together, the young woman was throwing up in the bathroom a month later, a pregnancy test in her hand. Li Jingnian swep 1.5kReads8.5Score20514d adds
- 147 Gesar Knows My Heart 格桑知我意 Genius straight-A student vs. proud, cocky athlete and school bully [Redemption + school life + both devoted to each other + love at first sight + mutual pursuit] Chi Sang's life changed drastically during the winter break of her sophomore year of high school. She moved alone to the city where her mother lived. Everything was unfamiliar, and with a difficult stepsister and younger brother, her life became dull and lonely. But there was light in her life, too. The arrival of Nan Zhiyi lit up her 601Reads9.0Score10314d adds
- 148 A Wish for You 妄想予你 Sweet, sassy girl × cool, unruly older brother She's got a temper and a playful streak, but I want her to fall in love with me. “Big brother, you have to have principles~” “Qingqing, sweetheart.” “Kissy-kissy, sweetheart.” Because of their parents' jobs, Sang Qingran moved in with one of her mother's friends. Her first impression of Shi Wangyu was probably “street punk” or “short-tempered guy?” On enrollment day, a transfer student showed up in Shi Wangyu's class. The girl wore a tender yellow d 1.4kReads8.6Score21414d adds
- 149 Hidden Jasmine 藏茉莉 The rating just went up. It’ll rise more later~ [Lin Mosheng × Zhou Yu] On a stormy day, the air was damp and oppressive. An old tune drifted from the music box on the table, and through her hazy consciousness, she returned to her first year of high school. “Shengsheng, what are you standing there for?” The woman smiled and urged her. “Hurry up and call him big brother.” Lin Mosheng looked at the boy in front of her, her eyes instantly turning red. Choking back tears, she said, “Zhou Yu?” The bo 519Reads8.3Score10214d adds
- 150 Run, Poor Thing! Fourth Master Has His Eye on You 小可怜快跑，四爷他对你图谋不轨 [Ten-year age gap ➕ doting, fatherly boyfriend ➕ growing-up romance ➕ sweet and devoted couple, both chaste | Scheming, celibate, very sweet, no angst] Ten years ago, Fu Nanchen brought Bai Shengsheng home from the slums. Bai Shengsheng lived under his roof, but was absolutely terrified of him. Fu Nanchen was strict with her, and behind his back, Bai Shengsheng liked to call him the Great Demon King. But in front of him, she could only obey and play the good girl. At first, he said, “When Shengs 766Reads7.4Score10214d adds
