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"Everything begins in the state and county." The state and county-level governments that directly manage the people are of vital significance in the country's governance system. This book uses the "Nanfang Archives" of southern counties in Sichuan Province and the "Ba County Archives" of Ba County, and combines it with local archives such as "Danxin Archives" and "Baodi Archives" as well as official classics and documents. Practical research has been carried out on the responsibilities of the territory, student litigation, Feng Shui litigation, the establishment of markets, concepts and beliefs in the context of "cutting legs to cure marriage", rain praying activities in prefectures and counties, and the implementation of official marriage certificates in the late Qing Dynasty. It also explores issues such as the social governance structure of prefectures and counties in the Qing Dynasty, the administrative operations of grassroots yamen, and the interaction between officials, gentry, and citizens.

This book is a masterpiece carefully polished by Wu Shicun, founding director of the China South China Sea Research Institute and chairman of the board of directors of the China-Southeast Asia South China Sea Research Center, who has devoted more than 20 years of in-depth thinking and research on the South China Sea issue. Focusing on the "Nansha Dispute", the source and main conflict of the South China Sea issue, this book systematically and in-depth explains the evolution of the South China Sea issue from scratch, from small to large, and its driving factors from multiple dimensions of history, law and country. At the back of the book, there are also 6 appendices of the author's review and outlook on the situation in the South China Sea over the years since 2016, which complement the book's in-depth analysis and interpretation of the situation in the South China Sea from a long-term perspective from an annual perspective. This book is an indispensable reference book for South China Sea studies. It pioneeringly fills the gaps and deficiencies in comprehensive works on South China Sea studies and reflects the latest achievements of my country's academic community in the study of South China Sea issues.

This book is the masterpiece of two editorial scholars who have been deeply engaged in the field of pre-Qin intellectual history for many years. In the book, the author uses concise and concise words to make an in-depth and concise narrative analysis of many representative figures in the ideological and academic aspects of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods one by one, pointing out their status in the history of thought and their influence on later generations. It can be considered that this is an introductory book for quickly and accurately understanding the historical situation of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and the contention of hundreds of schools of thought in the ideological world.

This book is divided into two parts. The first part, "The Before and After of the Revolution of 1911", provides a systematic historical explanation of the entire process of the occurrence, development, victory and defeat of the Revolution of 1911. The second part, "Research on the Revolution of 1911," selects research articles on the Revolution of 1911 written by the author over the past forty years, and examines various topics such as the formation and development of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought, the political plans of the Tongmenghui people, and the political forces in the national defense movement.

From the Qin and Han Dynasties, when Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms in 221 BC to 220 AD when Cao Pi succeeded the Han Dynasty, there were important changes in the composition and creative content of Chinese civilization. The overall ecological environment conditions in the Qin and Han Dynasties were different from today. The ecological environment conditions in various regions were different, and the ecological environment conditions also changed in the more than 400 years before and after. When studying the history of the Qin and Han dynasties and summarizing the conditions for the historical progress of the Qin and Han dynasties, the role of the ecological environment cannot be ignored. This book discusses the basic situation of ecological and environmental conditions in the Qin and Han Dynasties from several aspects such as climate, wildlife, vegetation, and human factors. It also explains the Qin and Han people's views on the ecological environment and the relationship between the ecological environment and the social history of the Qin and Han Dynasties from the perspective of the history of ideas and concepts. The author also analyzes several cases of the ecological environment during this period, such as the palace gardens of the Qin and Han Dynasties "at the foot of the forest", the story of "rats" written by Tai Shigong, the etiquette and customs of the Qin and Han mausoleums of the "trees forming a forest", etc. It not only interprets historical materials, but also contains the latest discoveries in related archeology. It is a unique historical reading from the perspective of ecological and environmental history.

This book is a collection of contemporary historical research papers that comprehensively reflects on and explains the application of various Western historical trends in Chinese history. The author also proposes that new ideas for expanding the advancement of history need to draw on the "middle-range theory" of sociology from an interdisciplinary perspective. This book is not only the quintessence of the author's continuous thinking on this issue in the past two decades, but also a fruitful attempt by the historians to establish a new research paradigm. By reflecting on and interpreting contemporary historical research, the author shares with more scholars the research literacy with a global perspective, the research ideas that analyze the dynamics and complexity of things, and the research methods that transcend the barriers of disciplines and specialties. This is reflected in the macro perspective of thinking about political dynamics and social development under the changes in contemporary ideological trends, and the micro perspective of going deep into society to observe life with a sense of problem, in order to hone historians' problem awareness and insight beyond local events.

"New Theory of Foreign Historiography and Historiography" is edited by Professor Yuan Zujie and Associate Professor Lu Heying of the School of History and Culture of Sichuan University. It contains outstanding papers from the 2016 Forum on the Frontiers of History and Historiography at Sichuan University. It mainly involves research on the development of various stages of Western historiography from ancient Greece to the 20th century. The entire collection of papers comprehensively reflects the latest achievements in domestic research on the history of Western historiography in recent years.

The special column "Research on Sima Qian and "Historical Records"" of "Journal of Weinan Normal University" was selected into the "Famous Column Project" of the Ministry of Education's College Philosophy and Social Sciences Journal in 2014, becoming the third university journal in Shaanxi Province to be selected into the Ministry of Education's Famous Column Project. On this platform, the latest research results of researchers from all walks of life in recent years have been gathered, including authoritative works by everyone in the current "Historical Records" research community. This book compiles excerpts from relevant papers in special columns from 2014 to 2018, including research on Sima Qian's family history, research on Sima Qian's thoughts, research on the text of "Historical Records", research on historical events, research on language and literature, research on document dissemination, etc., In order to promote local literature and history, create an academic atmosphere, and advocate innovative research.

Based on existing research results, this book re-explains the key points of Wang Anshi's reform and the reasons for its failure. The book takes Wang Anshi's reform as the main line, divides the history of the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty into three stages: reform, counter-reform and post-reform, and completely describes the evolution of the overall political situation of the scholar-bureaucrats in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Wang Anshi's ideal was to realize a Confucian moral society. In this regard, Wang Anshi was no different from his opponents. The problem is that Wang Anshi hopes to realize this ideal by transforming and establishing a new bureaucracy. The author focuses on analyzing Wang Anshi's bureaucratic system reform, focusing on the sub-bureaucracy system, examining the government operations of the New Deal, and using the recruitment law, the core system of the New Deal, as a case study to summarize the characteristics of the New Deal. The focus of this book is not only on Wang Anshi's reform itself, but also on the contradictions and entanglements between the Confucian moral idealism represented by Wang Anshi and the real political power structure.

This book is a study of Liang Qichao's intellectual history. His work specifically explores the relationship between Liang Qichao's enlightenment thought and Meiji Japan. The book's historical materials are informative and rich, especially the large number of original texts quoted, which makes the book's discussion foundation solid and powerful. It also has some new features that have not been found in previous domestic research in this area, and is quite in-depth. As the first book in China that specifically explores the relationship between Liang Qichao and the Meiji Japanese intellectual circles, the book first briefly examines Liang Qichao's view of Japan during the Hundred Days of 1898 and his early situation in exile in Japan, and then discusses the impact of the thoughts of Japanese Meiji thinkers Fukuzawa Yukichi and Nakamura Tadashi on Liang Qichao. Consciously bringing the consciousness of East Asian civilization into the study of the relationship between Liang Qichao and Meiji Japanese thought will be a more enlightening and valuable attempt.

This book is a compilation of the research results of the "Luo Zhihuang Famous Teacher Studio" in the history discipline of Fujian Province since its establishment in 2016. It is a phased summary of some of the research and practice results of the studio members and trainees. Based on the actual teaching practice of middle school history and the characteristics of the professional growth of history teachers, this book sets up five special topics: "Professional literacy and teacher development", "Discipline literacy and curriculum value", "Classroom teaching and strategic methods", "Information technology and subject integration" and "College entrance examination review and teaching evaluation". From subject ideas to teaching strategies, from curriculum research to teaching practice, from academic frontiers to teaching front lines, they are all the results of teachers' painstaking research and endless writing, and are the crystallization of their wisdom.

This book consists of two parts: "Chinese Historical Research Method" and "Chinese Historical Research Method Supplement", both of which are lecture notes taught by Liang Qichao. "Chinese History Research Method" consists of six chapters. The first chapter discusses the definition, significance and scope of history; the second chapter reviews and evaluates China's old historiography; the third chapter talks about how to transform the old historiography and establish a new historiography; the fourth and fifth chapters focus on historical materials; the sixth chapter elaborates on the connection between historical facts. The "Supplement to Chinese Historical Research Methods" first discusses the purpose of compiling history, the four strengths of historians, outlines five types of special histories, and then discusses in detail the style, characteristics and compilation methods of various special histories.

This book conducts a systematic investigation of cities, countries, production methods, social classes and relationships, classes, and the origin of civilization in ancient China. In this book, Hou Wailu creatively uses Marxist historical theory, especially the theory of Asia's mode of production, and combines it with relevant historical materials from ancient China to explore the path and unique laws of ancient Chinese social development. The many original insights he puts forward in this book have had a great impact on the study of Chinese history. This book is recognized as a pioneering work that combines Marxist historical theory with Chinese historical reality.

The "book" discussed in this book is a type of document formed by the remarks made by monarchs and ministers in the course of administration. Its genre is mainly written notes, and its content is mostly "records of political affairs." The circulation of "books" in the pre-Qin period was in the form of "categories", and the titles and texts were not fixed. The "Shangshu" and "Yi Zhoushu" we see now are compiled from selected editions of a certain "book" type document from the Pre-Qin period that were passed down to the Han Dynasty. Therefore, they cannot cover all the "books" in the Pre-Qin period, and some of them are difficult to fall into the category of "books". The handed down "Shang Shu" and "Yi Zhou Shu" were probably passed down from the Confucian anthology. As for the "book" in the Tsinghua bamboo slips, it is likely to be influenced by the "book" in the Mohist biography. The selected editions of "Books" not only differ in their titles, but their texts are also constantly evolving. This includes both the natural evolution caused by the scattering of the leaflets during the circulation of documents, and also the subjective changes made by later generations out of avoidance of taboos, rhymes, and convergence ideas. As official learning moved downward during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, individual popular "book" documents were gradually collected and compiled by folk scholars into selected editions for preaching or teaching. Due to the influence of region, family and accidental factors, the selection of articles in various anthologies is also different. Combining the information provided by the "book" documents in Tsinghua bamboo slips and the relevant records in ancient books, it can be roughly restored that the "book" was continuously organized and processed by historians on the records and archives, and was continuously expanded and formed into chapters through the process of dissemination.

This book is an academic work that uses style and literary examples as the starting point to study the text structure, formation method, formation era, relevant historical facts and thoughts of "Shang Shu" and part of "Yi Zhou Shu" and Tsinghua Brief Books. It fills the gap that there has been no monograph on the style and examples of "Shang Shu" since Mr. Chen Mengjia's "General Theory of Shangshu" in the 1940s. The book is composed of seven chapters: introduction, study of the style of various chapters in "Kang Gao", study of various text examples in "Hong Fan", special study of historical facts and thoughts in "Hong Fan", study of historical facts and thoughts in various chapters of "Mu Shi", study of historical facts and rituals and music in various chapters of "Ke Yin", and conclusion.

This book is the only popular historical work written by the historian Mr. Lu Simian during his lifetime. Based on rich historical knowledge, the author makes a detailed distinction between the characters, events, wars and geographical environment that existed in the history of the Three Kingdoms and were shaped in the literature of the Three Kingdoms from the perspective of literature and history. He also conducts in-depth analysis of many major historical issues and puts forward many valuable insights.

This collection includes more than twenty papers published by me since the 1980s, organized into groups according to research themes. The first group is papers on the mining and metallurgy industry in the Song Dynasty, which mainly involves the mining and metallurgy industry technology, mining and metallurgy industry institutions and management policies, production and operations in the Song Dynasty. Many of the articles are only published in thesis collection, so readers' search is limited. The second group includes papers on the metal manufacturing industry in the Song Dynasty, which mainly discusses the establishment, management and production functions of Duzuo Yuan and Wensi Yuan, the two major government-run handicraft institutions in the Song Dynasty. The third group includes papers on emergencies in the mining and metallurgy industry in the Song Dynasty and government responses, which explore natural disasters in mines and mining accidents caused by human factors and the various response measures taken by the government. The fourth group of papers are various other articles, including reading notes, corrections and other miscellaneous works.

The final research results of the national social science project "Historical investigation of the theory and practice of Russian maritime strategy". Involving the two historical periods of Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union, it systematically combs the formation and development process of Russian maritime strategy, expounds Russian maritime strategy in different periods, and grasps the development trajectory of Russian maritime strategy from the perspective of historical development. The content covers almost all factors that influence and determine the development and transformation of Russia's maritime strategy. It is a comprehensive research result on Russia's maritime strategy and maritime policy. At present, domestic academic research on this issue mainly focuses on a certain historical stage in Russian history and the elaboration of individual maritime strategy-related factors, such as Peter I's maritime policy, naval development during the Brezhnev period, and the Soviet-American maritime hegemony during the Cold War. There is a lack of overall discussion. Not much attention is paid to other important factors that affect the implementation of the maritime strategy, such as marine scientific research, shipbuilding, marine talent training, and civilian fleet development. As an important part of Russia's maritime geography, the Arctic Ocean lacks due attention to related issues, including Arctic policy, Arctic Ocean scientific research, development of the Northern Sea Route, and the role of the Northern Fleet in World War II. This research result attempts to comprehensively analyze and discuss the development and evolution process of Russia's maritime strategy from the perspective of historical development, and to show the overall development of Russia's maritime strategy. The research is based on Russian archival documents and academic research results. Most of the Russian documents and materials are first-hand data, and the Russian archival materials used are the first time they have appeared in domestic academic circles.

This book is one of the series of research results of the Beijing Studies Research Base of Beijing Union University and is compiled by the Beijing Studies Research Base. With the theme of "Beijing's urban-rural integrated development", the book has four columns: general report and Beijing's urban-rural development strategy, urban rural revitalization, and urban-rural cultural protection and development. It contains a number of Beijing's urban-rural integrated development reports and sub-reports in 2019. The report shows the new progress made in Beijing's urban and rural development in 2019, including further implementing the city's strategic positioning, promoting the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, driving high-quality urban and rural development through openness and innovation, and pointing out the important opportunities and challenges faced by the integrated urban and rural development in Beijing.

This book is divided into three parts: the upper, middle and lower parts. The first part systematically sorts out Mozi's life and deeds, comments on the views of various schools of thought of Mozili, and uses rich materials to support the theory that Mozili came from Henan Lushan; it details the emergence, development and evolution of Mohism and Mohism, explores the origin of Mohist thought, outlines the history of Mohist research, and clarifies the reasons for the rise and fall of Mohism. The middle editor made a comprehensive and in-depth interpretation of the essence of Mohist thought: political thought, economic thought, military thought, ecological thought, clean government thought, etc., And expanded new areas of Mohist thought research. The second part provides more detailed annotations on the important chapters of "Mozi" such as "Universal Love", "Fei Gong", "Shang Xian" and "Shang Tong", etc., To facilitate readers to study Mohism and promote Mohism culture.

Based on a large amount of excavation and use of historical archives of the Qing Dynasty, this book conducts a systematic study of the large-scale Changping hoarding to support the people during the Qianlong Dynasty. It discusses in detail the origin, development and changes of the Changping hoarding to support the people, and conducts an in-depth examination of the specific operations of storage, trading, purchasing and other aspects involved. The research in this book strives to break away from the shackles of pure institutional history research. Through the dual perspectives of top-down and bottom-up, it focuses on exploring the actual local operation of the Qianlong government policies and national systems. It also specifically analyzes the interest demands and specific behaviors of local officials under imperial politics that embody moral responsibilities, and the impact of local officials' behaviors on politics. It has a profound impact on the development and evolution of government policies and national systems, and conducts systematic and in-depth research and analysis on the authenticity and significance of the Changping data accumulated in the Qianlong Dynasty's memorials and titles. This provides an important reference for a deep understanding of the political ecology of the Qianlong Dynasty and even our country's traditional society. It is a new exploration of the political history of the Qing Dynasty.

This book is the author's doctoral thesis. The provincial system is the highest level administrative system among local administrative divisions and continues to this day and is becoming more and more important. The provincial system during the National Government period began with the establishment of the Guangdong Provincial Government in July 1925 and ended in 1949. This is a transitional stage in the historical process of provincialism. A systematic study of the provincial system in this period has important academic value and practical significance. The study of provincial systems is an indispensable and important component for systematically clarifying and completely recording local systems during the Republic of China. At present, there is a relative lack of systematic collation and research on the provincial system during the National Government period in academic circles, and some important issues still require further in-depth academic research. Through a historical perspective on the provincial system and its actual operation, the manuscript strives to show the historical truth of the provincial system throughout the National Government period, examine the operation of the provincial system and its pros and cons, and further gain a deep understanding of the National Government and its local political society. The manuscript focuses on the six provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, namely Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui, as well as Guangdong and Fujian provinces. The manuscript attempts to comprehensively use macroscopic institutional investigation and microscopic case analysis, conduct empirical analysis based on historical data, look for problems in historical data, and summarize experiences and lessons from historical data analysis. In order to provide an important record of local system research, it will help deepen the study of local politics and further enrich the content of research on the history of local political systems.

This book adheres to Marxist historical materialism, seeks truth from facts, integrates theory with practice, and implements the policy of "letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend". It pays attention to historical theory, focuses on major academic issues in Chinese history, and advocates academic debate in order to prosper and promote the healthy development of historical science. This book mainly publishes representative academic papers in the fields of historical theory, Chinese historical research, and historical philology. The main columns (content) are as follows: (1) Historical theory. Including Marxist historical theory and academic papers on historical theory. (2) History of Chinese historiography. Including the establishment and development of traditional Chinese historiography and modern Chinese historiography, as well as the study of the emergence and development of Chinese Marxist historiography. (3) Historical philological research. (4) Research topics on ancient Chinese history. (5) Historical commentary. Debate on academic issues under the guidance of Marxist historical theory, as well as discussions on relevant cutting-edge issues in the field of Chinese history.

During the Anti-Japanese War, my country's social environment changed dramatically, and the politics, economy, culture and other aspects of many occupied cities were significantly different from those in the past. With the changes in the themes of the times, economic conditions, public mentality and other factors, a new performing arts ecology has actually formed in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing. In such an environment, the survival and development of opera encountered huge challenges, and the situations of many opera types showed great differences. Therefore, the discussion of the development of opera in this special historical period and special environment is of great significance for deepening the study of the history of modern Chinese opera. In terms of the choice of discussion angle, this book is not limited to the art of opera itself, but starts from the urban environment and uses the relationship between performing arts ecology and artistic development as the starting point to explore. Use case studies, data listing, phenomenon analysis and other means to analyze typical drama types, artists, drama creation and performance activities. 2. On the basis of in-depth study of historical phenomena and the development laws of opera, discussions are conducted in conjunction with current hot issues in opera, reflecting the historical significance of learning from the past. 3. During the Anti-Japanese War, a large number of ups and downs and touching stories emerged in the opera world, so this book also has outstanding readability.

This book mainly discusses the property relations within families (tribes) in ancient Chinese society. The book consists of three chapters. The first chapter, "Cohabitation and Shared Property System", discusses the size of cohabitation (family), the nature of cohabitation and shared property, and the property rights of cohabitation (family) members. The second chapter, "Property Separation and Inheritance," mainly discusses the division of family property when the cohabitation relationship ends. Chapter 3, "The Issue of Daughters' Property Rights," is devoted to the discussion of women's property rights in cohabitation (family) groups. Although the property relations within families (tribes) in ancient society have been a matter of long-standing concern in the academic world and have yielded fruitful research results, this book's discussions on the scale of cohabitation (family), the conceptual definition and difference between property division and inheritance, and the nature and origin of the property division law of "a woman gets half of a man's share" are quite innovative and may have publication value.

This book is mainly based on "Historical Records" and "Yunmeng Qin Slips", and uses virtual dialogue to deduce the process of Shang Yang's reform. It is incredible but does not violate historical records and historical common sense. The book begins with Shang Yang being forced to rebel, and elaborates on the significance of Shang Yang's emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business, his accusations of traitors, and his burning of poems and books. It explores the reasons behind historical records such as Qin Xiaogong abdicated to Shang Yang, Shang Yang capturing the prince Yin, Gongshu Cuo ostracizing Wu Qi, and King Qin Huiwen's car splitting Shang Yang.

This book is the twelfth volume of the "Confucian Political Philosophy and Political Culture Series". In addition to the "Introduction", "Conclusion" and "Appendices", it consists of three special topics: "The Way of Founding a Country in Zhao and Song Dynasties and the Basic Political Pattern", "The Greatest Truth and the Rule of Chaos in the World", and "The Shaping of Loyalty and the Survival of the Country". The author believes that the political belief of the scholar-officials in the Song Dynasty was characterized by advocating rationality; their national identity was mainly characterized by the specificity of dynastic identity, and the essence was "loyalty." This provides useful enlightenment for us to deal with two major political issues of the times - reshaping the political beliefs of officials and constructing the national identity of the people.

"Chinese Social History" is one of Mr. Lu Simian's historical treatises. The book takes eighteen topics such as agriculture, industry, commerce, property, and coins as its warp and time as its latitude. It provides an in-depth and systematic summary of the important social and economic systems in my country's history. It has always been an important reference monograph for studying and researching ancient Chinese laws and regulations.

On the one hand, selection refers to the selection of those who have not entered the officialdom, and on the other hand, it refers to the assessment of the performance of officials below the sixth rank. This book is one of the earliest academic monographs to comprehensively discuss this complex and cumbersome official selection system and related issues. It also examines the relationship between selection and literature from the perspective of the entire electoral system of the Tang Dynasty. In particular, the research on the "choice-keeping" system has been covered by the academic community for many years, and it can be said to be a work that fills the gap. It combines historical and literary research to show in detail and vividly the living conditions and psychological processes of scholars in the Tang Dynasty on their way to officialdom, pushing the study of the imperial examinations and literature of the Tang Dynasty and the history of officialdom in the Tang Dynasty to a new height.

The Qing Dynasty encountered great changes that had never been seen in history. The Qing Dynasty system, which was the culmination of previous dynasty systems, could not cope with it calmly. In order to survive, it had to adapt. Therefore, after the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China once again experienced overall system changes, dominated by changes in the political system, including the official system, the bureaucracy, and the judicial system. The comprehensive transformation of the system in various aspects such as law, finance, finance, military, society, and education, and various conceptual changes involving Western learning, Eastern learning, and middle school, were ultimately implemented in the addition of institutions and institutional establishment, and were reflected through the implementation of various systems. Its process was further fully developed during the Republic of China, and its influence continues to this day. This book takes institutional change, the hub of knowledge and institutional transformation in modern China, as the entry point to understand China's past, and use it to understand the present and grasp the future.

Everything before today is history, so history is not divided into subjects. Moreover, Chinese scholarship emphasizes thoroughness and has never focused on subject division. However, today's history is nothing more than the history of disciplines and the history of disciplines. The former is the history of the development of disciplines traced using the current form of each discipline, and the latter is general or classified history that is studied using the methods and perspectives of different disciplines. What they have in common is the reassembly of history using conceptual systems imported from abroad. Only by properly grasping the connections and distinctions between the general retrospective history of subject studies, the history of subject evolution in modern times, and the future-oriented history of subject studies can we grasp the key points and communicate without being attached to others.

Although modern Chinese people have accepted a large number of new terms from Meiji New Chinese, when they encounter Western concepts or refer to things, they still can't help but go back to ancient classics and interpret the meaning of the text. Moreover, when interpreting new nouns, we often not only compare the original Western words and treat the new nouns as a whole, but also understand the meanings of the words from the Chinese character combinations. As a result, the same new Chinese noun takes on different forms in Eastern and Chinese contexts, resulting in many ambiguities that cannot overlap with each other. Only by not using nouns to outline history, but by studying history to grasp concepts, can we hope to reach the state where one word of explanation is a cultural history.

The emergence of modern Chinese drama has a very close and direct relationship with the cultural exchanges between Chinese and Western dramas from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China. However, for a long time, there have been considerable misunderstandings in the academic community about the history of cultural exchanges between Chinese and Western dramas during this period. The main reason is that we have habitually regarded Western drama as a continuous whole and regarded Ibsen-style drama as the only legitimate form of modern drama. Therefore, we have completely failed to pay attention to the basic fact that what the Chinese who visited Europe in the late Qing Dynasty watched and accepted were actually the mainstream dramas of the West in the 19th century, which belonged to a completely different category of theater history that can be called "Victorian drama." The basic goal of this book is to re-examine the drama viewing notes left by Chinese people in the late Qing Dynasty when they visited Europe, and to review this forgotten passage in the history of exchanges between Chinese and Western drama. It can even be said to have been erased intentionally or unintentionally.

Driven by the influence of foreign academics and internal development, the study of legal history has become increasingly active in recent years. Whether it is the compilation and publication of documents or the publication of research works, it has become quite prominent in the fields of various professional histories or academic histories. On the basis of reflecting on the frequent confusion and comparison in various special historiographies, this book starts from the case files, trials, and institutional restructuring of modern China, peels off the cocoons, and gradually gets closer to the truth. On the one hand, we compare the opinions of all parties and constantly get closer to the truth of the matter. On the other hand, the attitudes of the parties are different, and then we examine the different relationships between the parties and the matter. We transform the so-called legal history into the study of general history, using judicial issues as clues and context, rather than legal history as the scope, trying to find common sense in the dynamic changes of society.

Eight scholars, including Sun Qingwei, Hou Xudong, Yan Buke, Zhang Guogang, Deng Xiaonan, Yao Dali, Liu Zhiwei and Yang Nianqun, conducted a comprehensive context analysis and problem analysis on the development process and era characteristics of China's major historical periods and core dynasties. The analytical perspectives and focuses of each period are different, either focusing on political systems and political culture, or focusing on socio-economic and cultural characteristics. Each author has accumulated many years of research in their respective fields. This book not only presents the research characteristics and teaching styles of different authors, but also runs through the overall process of Chinese history and the latest progress of current historical research. It is indeed a rare high-end general reader for ordinary readers to understand or study Chinese history.

This book believes that the dialect scripts of Song and Yuan Dynasties evolved from oral texts to written texts, from classical Chinese scripts to vernacular scripts, from simplified script scripts to traditional script scripts, to traditional script scripts, to mixed scripts, and finally to edited scripts. The entertainment and fictitiousness of the Song Dynasty story-telling novels (folk narratives) impacted the "replenishing history" and "benefiting education" of classical Chinese novels (literati narratives), and promoted the shift of the focus of narrative literature from historical narratives and documentary narratives to literary narratives and fictional narratives. The interactive symbiosis between classical Chinese novels and vernacular novels in the Song Dynasty contributed to the vulgarization of classical Chinese novels and the growth of vernacular novels, promoted a major transition in Chinese narrative literature from elegance to vulgarity, and from prose to whiteness, and laid the conceptual and stylistic foundation for the prosperity of modern narrative literature.

"Essentials of History" is a work by Li Dazhao, the founder of the Communist Party of China. It embodies Li Dazhao's views on historical materialism in a relatively concentrated way. It initially uses the Marxist worldview and methodology to explore six topics: what is history, what is history, the system of history, the status of history in science, the relationship between history and related knowledge, the research of modern history and its impact on life attitudes.

Since the 1960s to today, contemporary history has undergone a series of significant changes in concepts, methods and research scope. This book describes, analyzes and discusses these changes from three aspects: "characters, factions, and focus", highlighting the differences between this period and the first half of the 20th century, thereby providing Chinese academic circles with a work with novel content and unique structure. These new historical trends in this book reflect the challenges faced by contemporary history, and in-depth thinking and response to these challenges will help us face the future of mankind together.

"Tang and Song History Review" is a professional historical journal sponsored by the School of History of Renmin University of China, focusing on the study of Tang and Song history. It features special research and commentary on the history of the Tang and Song Dynasties. It mainly publishes problem-oriented research papers on the history of the Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as special reviews and book reviews with the purpose of sorting out the academic history of Tang and Song studies. Article categories include essays, book reviews, prefaces and postscripts, historical reading notes, etc.

"Manuscript of the Political History of the Tang Dynasty" was completed by Chen Yinke in Hong Kong in 1941. The preface was signed "written by Chen Yinke on the New Year's Day of Xinsi at his residence at No. 369, Prince Edward Road, Kowloon". It was copied and revised in Guilin the following year and handed over to the Commercial Press for publication in 1943. This book is Chen Yinke's masterpiece and is very inspiring for the study of Tang history. Hong Kong provided Chen Yinke with a short research space during the turbulent times, allowing him to complete this masterpiece. Although it was accidental, it cannot but be said to be fate.

A Tutorial on Chinese History and Philosophy is the author's representative work in the field of historical theory. In the book, the author introduces Marxism, promotes historical materialism, and provides a new methodology for historical research.

"Oral History Research" is a continuous publication on oral history organized and compiled by the Oral History Institute of Wenzhou University. This is the fourth volume. This volume contains a total of 11 academic papers on special topics. 12 Scholars from the United Kingdom, Australia, the Czech Republic and China conducted interdisciplinary and cross-field discussions on topics such as oral history and environmental studies, oral history, memory and identity, oral history and women's studies, oral history teaching, and oral history experience summary and reflections. In addition, 5 book reviews and book introductions are included. These works reflect the latest achievements in oral history theory, methods and practical research at home and abroad in recent years.

The connotative development of a school, no matter how good or bad the innate conditions are, is always inseparable from the success of the two main "battlefields" of the forum and the forum, the continuous growth of students and the continuous fame of teachers. The so-called famous schools, to put it simply, are based on these two "achievement". It can be said that without the continuous growth of students and the continuous fame of teachers, famous schools are actually just illusory bragging. I think this should go without saying. Guangdong Shunde Desheng School is a private school that inherits the fine traditions of the century-old Shunde No. 1 Middle School. Its thirteen-year history since its establishment in 2001 has further proved this point.

"Tang and Song History Review" is a professional historical journal sponsored by the School of History of Renmin University of China, focusing on the study of Tang and Song history. It features special research and commentary on the history of the Tang and Song Dynasties. It mainly publishes problem-oriented research papers on the history of the Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as special reviews and book reviews with the purpose of sorting out the academic history of Tang and Song studies. Article categories include essays, book reviews, prefaces and postscripts, historical reading notes, etc.

This book selects the historical compilation activities in England in the early Middle Ages and late modern times as the research object. It is a microscopic display of the research and exploration of British history from the Middle Ages to modern times. It is intended to free modern historians from the shackles imposed on them by professional historiography and modernist ideas, and truly reflect on the significance of the existence of history itself.

"Xiongnu Culture and the Noyanwula Tomb" written by Lu Jinke, a famous scholar from the former Soviet Union, is one of the most important reports on the archeology of the Xiongnu. The book provides a relatively complete and systematic introduction to the information on the Xiongnu tombs at Noyanwula. It also comes with detailed plates of the unearthed artifacts, and conducts relatively objective and detailed analysis and research. On this basis, the translator compiled a large amount of information and supplemented it, making the book more informative.

This book examines the evolution of Confucian culture in Shanxi during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the integration of foreign culture and Confucian culture in Shanxi, Confucian businessmen, academia and Confucian culture in modern Shanxi, the use of traditional Confucian culture in social governance by the Shanxi authorities during the Republic of China, social movements and Confucian culture in modern Shanxi, etc. It also uses the perspectives and methods of ideological and cultural history and social and cultural history to explore the role of Confucian culture in modern Shanxi social governance. The development rhythm of China can provide a glimpse into the historical laws of evolution of traditional culture and modern Chinese society, and reveal the unique contemporary and regional characteristics of Confucian culture in modern China, in order to build an interactive mechanism between cultural traditions and social governance, promote further exploration of the application of Chinese excellent traditional culture in Chinese and local social governance, and expand research horizons in the fields of modern ideological and cultural history, regional ideological and cultural history, modern social history, and regional social history.

"World Sinology" aims to provide a forum for free speech for sinologists from all over the world who are concerned about the historical experience and facts of Chinese civilization and its future development prospects. It hopes to use the Chinese language to build communication and dialogue between different cultural backgrounds and different cultural systems, build an academic bridge for international Sinology research, and contribute to the realization of the common dream in the 21st century. The book is divided into sections such as "Sinology Perspectives", "Sinology Famous Masters", "Classic Interpretation", "Art History Analysis", "Literary Dialogue", "Documentation", "Chinese Studies", and "Scholar Interviews".

Today, with the rapid development of urbanization, the appearance and development characteristics of ancient Chinese cities, especially the most developed Jiangnan cities since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, have become one of the hot spots of academic research in recent years. However, in the past research on the history of cities in Jiangnan, academic circles focused on large cities such as Nanjing, Suzhou, and Hangzhou, and there was less research on ordinary administrative cities, which made the conclusion about the nature of Jiangnan cities lack a certain degree of convincingness. This book makes an in-depth study of more than 30 ordinary administrative cities in Jiangnan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties from two dimensions: geography and economy. It breaks through some of the traditional views of administrative cities in the academic world. It uses a large amount of empirical materials to prove that the development of Jiangnan cities in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was driven by socio-economic forces. Regardless of their origins, the formation of geographical space and the intensity of economic functions, they all have the characteristics of natural growth and are not the result of government planning. The traditional academic concept of China's "political city" may need to be revised.

In ancient China, there were only five most important colors: red, green, yellow, white, and black. The five-color system was roughly formed in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is mutually exclusive with the Five Elements Theory that was popular in ancient times, and has penetrated into many aspects such as politics, culture, and social life. This book explains color from the perspective of humanities and history, describing the inextricable connection between color and ancient Chinese culture (including politics, history, literature, folk customs, art, etc.). The content is divided into five chapters. In terms of style, it starts with the glyphs of colors and traces their origins; then the allusions derived from them are divided into categories to explain the influence of colors in all aspects of ancient culture.