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In this book, the author tells the story of how, as Prime Minister, First Chancellor of the Exchequer, Defense Minister and Leader of the House of Commons in the early days of World War II, when Germany launched a fatal attack on Britain, in the absence of external assistance, he led the British people to fight bravely and jointly passed through the most difficult period of the war. During this period, although the British people were isolated and helpless, they always held on to the fortress and tenaciously resisted the air attacks of German aircraft day and night. The situation in North Africa is even less optimistic, and the Italians are taking the opportunity to continue to encroach on North African countries. Under this situation, the British government actively sought support from the United States, Spain and other countries in an attempt to jointly fight against the further expansion of fascism.

"Churchill's Memoirs of World War II 08: Saving the Situation in Africa" ​​takes readers into the stalemate stage in the middle of World War II and into the difficult and spectacular historical landscape on the African battlefield. At that time, after withstanding the initial fierce offensive of the fascist countries, the Allies gradually gained a foothold. Eisenhower led his troops into North Africa and reversed the situation in Africa in one fell swoop; Churchill successively visited Moscow and Washington, demonstrating magnificent great-power diplomacy. At the same time, the romantic Casablanca and the mysterious Katyn, Poland, these familiar place names are looming in the book.

"Churchill's Memoirs of World War II No. 10: From Tehran to Rome" faithfully records the late period of World War II. After the war in Italy ended, the Allies assessed the situation, cooperated closely, and carefully formulated the final strategy for launching a general offensive against Nazi Germany. From Tehran to Rome, the heads of allied countries held a series of compact and productive meetings, which promoted the final victory of the war and roughly determined the division of the post-war world map. At the same time, in Yugoslavia, Greece, Burma and other places, the war is still arduously continuing, but the dawn of victory has begun to appear in the sky.

"World War Series (Volume 2): Germany's Eastward Advance" Editor's Recommendation: A panoramic historical masterpiece by the former British Prime Minister, which deciphers the little-known inside story of World War II and provides insight into the ever-changing international relations.

"World War Series (Volume 2): War Is Coming to America" ​​describes the complex relationship between the United States and the Allies, from secretly providing assistance to the Allies, to gradually changing its attitude towards the war as the situation developed, until the "Pearl Harbor incident" that humiliated the United States. The United States, a military power that tried to stay out of the war in the early days, truly joined the camp of the Allies and participated in the struggle to resist and eliminate fascist Germany and Japan.

This book explains the author's own perspective on the situation from 1919 to 1939, and his in-depth consideration of a series of policies of Germany as a defeated country and Britain and France as victors after World War I. On this basis, it details Germany's preparations for launching World War II and Hitler's conspiracy. In this book, the author shows his vision and wisdom as a great statesman and strategist through relevant historical materials.

Mr. Liu Zuochang is one of the founders of the study of American history in New China. In teaching, scientific research is the basis and premise, the topic-based teaching method and the problem-based teaching model are organically combined, and the seminar-based teaching method is adopted to directly introduce students to the frontier and main battlefield of scientific research. ?

This book introduces the basic information of Nicaragua's land and people, history, politics, economy, diplomacy, military, education, culture, science and health.

In 49 BC, Caesar led the Gallic legions across the Rubicon River and returned to Rome, pushing the 460-year-old Roman Republic into the abyss of civil war. The Rubicon is a dividing river. According to the laws of the Roman Republic, any general was not allowed to lead his army across the Rubicon, otherwise he would be considered a treason. In the 1st century BC, it was in front of this small river that Caesar made the decision to rebel. Why did Caesar, who was at the top of power, do this? What made him determined to leave the glory of the Republic behind when he hesitated on the banks of the Rubicon? Where will Rome go under Caesar? How will the world outside Rome change? "Rubicon" tells us the decline of the Roman Republic through the incident of Caesar crossing the Rubicon. Since the establishment of the Republic in 509 BC, Rome has expanded rapidly after several conquests. By the 1st century BC, it had transformed from a small city-state into a world empire. The republic was unsustainable, and Rome would usher in a drastic social change. The book focuses on describing the social conditions of class antagonism and contradictions in the Republic before the advent of change. The dazzling stars in Roman history also appeared one after another during this period. The three Roman giants who competed for dictatorial privileges, Cicero and Cato who adhered to the concept of the Republic, and Spartacus who launched a slave uprising... Together they performed the bloody process of the decline of the Roman Republic, and sketched a portrait of the late Republic full of sacrifice, betrayal, disaster, intrigue and unlimited ambition. In the 5th century BC, Persia was determined to conquer Greece westward, and the eastern and western worlds fell into war. Persia was an unprecedentedly powerful super empire in the world at that time, with a mighty iron cavalry and the ability to destroy countless enemies. Starting from Cyrus, the "King of the Universe", in just one generation, Persia swept across the entire Middle East and established a huge country extending from India to Egypt. Greece is located on the Aegean coast. It is barren and weak, with many city-states, and its territory is not as large as a small province in Persia. In the eyes of the Persians, Greece is a group of rogue countries, and Persia should bring them truth and order; in the eyes of the Greeks, Persia is an unreasonable barbarian, and the Greeks have the blood of "cannot be enslaved" flowing in their bones. There are insurmountable differences between the two civilizations. Differences create doubts, and doubts lead to war. "Persian War: The First World Empire and its Western Expedition" tells the story of the causes and consequences of the Persian War and the entire process, from the Persian emperor who was proficient in power and the Greek city-states who were keen on infighting, to the Spartan warriors with militarized and perverted management, and the Athenian politicians who flaunted good government, writing a majestic epic full of wildness. The highlight of the book is the restoration of the thrilling and fierce battle scenes between the two sides. Whether it is the encounter between the two sides on the Plains of Marathon in 490 BC; or the bloody battle between 300 Spartan warriors against Xerxes, the "King of Kings" at the Thermopylae; or the naval battle of Salamis, in which 1,200 Persian warships were completely defeated by 300 Athenian warships... Every scene is depicted as vividly as if the reader was on an ancient battlefield and saw it with his own eyes through armor. As the first international contest across Europe and Asia in the classical world, the Persian War marked the beginning of thousands of years of conflict between Eastern and Western civilizations. "Persian War: The First World Empire and its Western Expedition" reproduces this civilizational struggle in the classical world from a new perspective. For readers who want to understand this period of history, this book is a highly anticipated introductory book. 1. From the 400-year struggle of the British Navy, tell the rise of the British Empire and how it changed the modern world. A primer on the rise and fall of sea power and civilization. The first part, "Heart of Oak", tells the story of the development of the Royal Navy from the 16th to the 18th century. The wealth, power and honor of the empire will be born in the ocean; the second part, "The Golden Sea", tells the rise of the British Empire from the 18th to the 19th century. During this period, Britain proved that "whoever controls the ocean controls the world"; the third part, "The Rising Wind", tells the story of maritime trade and maritime hegemony in the 19th century. Britain holds two tridents, creating the imperial legend of the 19th century; The fourth chapter, "Great Changes in the Sea," tells the story of the decline of the British Empire's maritime hegemony from the 20th century to World War I, and the crisis of global civilization it triggered. 2. Take history as a mirror and reflect on how marine civilization changed the modern world order. Britain is one of the representative countries of maritime civilization. The rise of the British Empire and the formation of the modern world have been deeply marked by maritime civilization. Traditional China has always adhered to a closed agricultural civilization, and has long been isolated and lagging behind the modern world dominated by maritime civilization. How to bridge the gap between agricultural civilization and marine civilization? Is it to reconstruct modern society in the way of marine civilization? Or seek the unity of agricultural civilization and marine civilization? In today's society, each of us should reflect on these issues. 3. The Sunday Times bestseller and the BBC hit documentary of the same name. "Empire of the Sea" was listed as a bestseller in the "Sunday Times". When the documentary of the same name was broadcast in the UK, the response from everyone from the Prime Minister to the public was extremely enthusiastic. The documentary is hosted by Dan Snow, the famous host of the BBC history column. Together with the book, it presents a 400-year history of the rise and fall of the empire full of heroic ambitions, and impassionedly reproduces the unparalleled glory that the British Empire once created. In 1588, the British Royal Navy defeated the Spanish Armada. This victory created a legend. In the next few hundred years, the wealth, power and glory of the empire would be born in the ocean. The Royal Navy would push Britain from the edge of Europe to the center of the modern world. "Empire of the Sea" takes the 400-year development history of the British Navy as the main line and tells the story of the rise of the British Empire and how it affected the rise and fall of modern civilization. The book is divided into four chapters, "Heart of Oak", "Golden Ocean", "Wind and Surge", and "Great Changes in the Ocean", one by one showing Britain's journey from controlling the lifeline of maritime traffic to establishing a global maritime empire, which ultimately led to a crisis in global civilization. Readers can explore the following history from the book: How did the Royal Navy develop from a ragtag group engaged in maritime plunder to a world policeman maintaining "peace under the British Empire"? From the 16th to the 18th century, how did Britain defeat almost all maritime powers in Europe and create a maritime legend of dominating the world? The pirate Drake, Prime Minister William Pitt Jr., Lord Admiralty Fisher and Churchill... What impact did the naval reforms they carried out have on the British political, economic and cultural systems? Britain became the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution and shaped modern capitalist civilization. What are the intrinsic connections between these and the Royal Navy? Why did Britain and Germany engage in a naval arms race, and how did British maritime hegemony go from its peak to its decline?

The Battle of Midway changed the balance of strength between Japanese and American aircraft carriers in the Pacific battlefield. After this battle, the U. S. Military stabilized the war situation in the Pacific battlefield, enabled the U. S. Strategy of "Europe first, then Asia" to be successfully implemented, and created important conditions for the U. S. Military to gradually shift from defense to offense... "The Battle of Midway" written by Wang Yongsheng tells the whole process of the Battle of Midway.

The Battle of Stalingrad was a battle fought by Nazi Germany to capture the southern city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union during World War II. It lasted from June 28, 1942 to February 2, 1943. The Battle of Stalingrad was a turning point on the Eastern Front of World War II. After this war, the Soviet Union began to gradually take the strategic initiative. "Long Live Peace: A Collection of Pictures and Texts of World War II: The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad" is a detailed interpretation of this battle.

Chile is the narrowest country in the world and is known as the "beautiful skirt" of the Western Hemisphere. Here you'll find the Atacama Desert, the "dryest place in the world", the magnificent Andes Mountains, the mysterious Easter Island and Tierra del Fuego, as well as the passionate Cuica dance. Known as the "Land of Copper Mines", it is also the only country in the world that produces natural saltpeter. It became a Spanish colony in 1541 and gained independence in 1810. Contemporary Chile's new social security system is very distinctive, and its comprehensive foreign policy has made it one of the most active countries in South America in economic and trade activities.

The Central African Republic and the Republic of Chad are two adjacent landlocked countries in central Africa and are the poorest countries in the world. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to its land, people, history, economy, science, education, health, culture, culture, military, diplomacy and other aspects. The information is informative and novel, and the discussion is objective, fair and realistic. It is a good reference book for understanding and studying China, Africa and Chad.

Russia is the country with the largest land area surrounding our country. The relationship between Russia and China is very complicated. Tsarist Russia once invaded China and plundered a large area of ​​China's territory. During the Soviet period, China received a large amount of assistance from the Soviet Union, and there were also major debates between China and the Soviet Union. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, relations between Russia and China have gradually improved, and the two countries have the same or close views on many major international issues. Understanding Russia and improving relations with Russia are of great significance to our country's security and socialist construction. The book "Russia" edited by researcher Pan Deli, an expert on Russia, is an important reference book for understanding Russia.

Madagascar is a beautiful island country located in the southwest Indian Ocean, facing the African continent across the Mozambique Strait. The unique geographical location and natural environment form the unique species of flora and fauna on the island of Madagascar, and the tourism resources are extremely rich. Around the 14th century, the Melina people established the Kingdom of Imelina. At the beginning of the 19th century, Radama I basically unified the entire island and established the Kingdom of Madagascar. During the unification process, all the ethnic groups on the island gradually merged into the Malagasy nation. In 1896, Madagascar became a French colony. After unremitting struggle, the people of Madagascar gained independence on June 26, 1960. Since independence, after three republic periods, political crises have occurred from time to time, seriously hindering the normal social and economic development. It is one of the least developed countries.

Ghana is a West African country rich in gold and cocoa, as well as strategic material manganese ore and industrial diamond ore. Since 1992, Ghana has embarked on the path of democratization by implementing constitutionalism and a multi-party system politically, and has implemented reform and opening up economically. Foreign direct investment is protected by law. It has been hailed by the international community as a "model" for economic restructuring in African countries, and the title of "least developed country" has been canceled by the United Nations. In the past 28 years, Ghana has enjoyed social stability, sustained economic development, and an average annual GDP growth rate of 5%, making it one of the ideal target countries for foreign direct investment.

From deserts dotted with vegetation to tropical jungles with unique features, from snow-capped volcanic craters to turquoise blue seas and silver beaches, the unique diversity of region and climate has created a mysterious and diverse Mexico. As a Latin American country located in North America, today's Mexico is becoming a bridge between developed and developing countries, East and West, with its superior geographical location and rich and diverse culture. As the largest Spanish-speaking country in the world, Mexico today also relies on its rich cultural heritage and future-oriented innovative spirit to maintain a unique position on the stage of modern civilization.

Guatemala is a small country in Central America. It was once the center of the Mayan civilization and the birthplace of the Mayan culture; Jamaica is located in the heart of the Caribbean and is located on the only channel of the Panama Canal. It is the third largest island country in the Caribbean after Cuba and the seabed; Barbados is a small island country at the easternmost tip of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean. For Chinese people, the names of the above three Latin American countries may be a bit unfamiliar, and they are separated by oceans and far away from our country, so they don't know much about their national conditions. In this chronicle, we give a systematic introduction to the geography, humanities, history and current situation of these three countries, so that our readers can better understand these three countries.

Both Haiti and Dominica are located on the island of Hispaniola in the northern Caribbean Sea. Haiti is located in the west of the island, and Dominica is located in the east. After the outbreak of the Haitian Independence Revolution, the east and west parts of the island were unified twice, but were eventually divided into two countries. Although the two countries have deep historical roots and similarities in their historical development, they also have deep contradictions. In addition, due to different geographical conditions, population composition, and other reasons, the two countries have experienced different development paths and faced different problems.

The magic of Qatar is reflected in many aspects: as a place name, it has a long history, but as a country, it is new; although it is a man's world due to historical tradition, women are not inferior to men in education, and the number of female college students exceeds that of boys; among regional countries, it is better to advocate the improvement of the status of women, but the distinction between men and women and the separation of men and women are still very strict; the elimination of press censorship and the establishment of the Ministry of Information is unique among regional countries, and freedom of speech often makes the US's regional hegemony obvious... And so on, which fully reflects the unique characteristics of Qatar, which enjoys a harmonious balance among various contradictions, which is impressive.

Yemen is located at the southwest tip of the Arabian Peninsula, straddling the outlet of the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean. Its strategic location is very important. It has been an important transportation route between the East and the West since ancient times. It was once a transit station on the famous ancient Maritime Silk Road and the starting point of the Spice Route. Yemen is derived from the word "to be happy" in Arabic. The word's original meaning is the right or right side, and it can also mean the south. In ancient times, some camel caravans in the Arabian Peninsula departed from Mecca and headed east, then turned right and headed south toward Yemen, hence the name Yemen, which means "Land of the South."

Myanmar has a long history, a vast territory, beautiful mountains and rivers, numerous ethnic groups, rich resources, and significant diversity in geography, ecology, ethnicity, and culture; it has characteristics different from other Southeast Asian countries in terms of political, economic, and social development. This book comprehensively introduces the basic situation of Myanmar with detailed information, and interprets its tortuous development in politics, economy, society and other aspects, especially the new developments and problems faced since the new military government came to power in 1988.

The Republic of South Africa is one of the largest countries in Africa. Since the end of three and a half centuries of white racial rule in 1994, the Republic of South Africa has successfully achieved political change, smooth socio-economic transition, and multi-racial coexistence. It has become one of the major developing countries that has attracted worldwide attention. It is the world's largest gold producer and has a fairly complete financial system. This book comprehensively introduces the nature, history, politics, economy, society, military, culture and foreign relations of the Republic of South Africa, and provides a useful reference for Chinese people to understand South Africa.

A phenomenon-level bestseller that has shocked the world, a senior historian from Oxford University clarifies the past and present of the "Belt and Road Initiative" from the perspective of world history! It has topped the nonfiction bestseller list in more than 20 countries including the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Turkey, and India. It has received unanimous praise from celebrities in academic, political, and business circles at home and abroad. It was recommended twice for the first time by the People's Daily. From its inception, the Silk Road has always dominated the process of human civilization. The Silk Road made China's silk and civilization popular all over the world; Rome and Persia created their respective empires on the roadside; Buddhism, Christianity and Islam rose rapidly along the Silk Road and spread around the world, integrating the three thousand years of history of Jerusalem; Genghis Khan's Mongolian iron hoof went all the way to the west, bringing slaughter while promoting the integration of Eastern and Western civilizations; the British Empire created a glory that never sets by plundering the wealth on the Silk Road; Hitler pushed the world into the abyss of war and massacre for the resources on the Silk Road. To this day, refugees and the terrorist ISIS on the Silk Road are still a lingering nightmare for Europe and the United States. From Zhang Jian's passage through the Western Regions to the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, you will find in this all-encompassing epic that the Silk Road not only shaped the past of mankind, but will also dominate the future of the world.

The Longest Day is "an unsurpassed epic about the D-Day invasion." The author Cornelius Ryan spent more than ten years searching for D-Day survivors. After interviewing almost all survivors and witnesses of the Normandy landing, he completed this epoch-making masterpiece of 200,000 words, "not a single word has a source." He magnified the nameless individuals on the battlefield to a sufficiently clear magnification and followed their line of sight to see the scene of the landing operation. This way of magnifying details to infinity and making history real enough makes everyone who reads this book immersed in it. This is a war epic about destiny and courage to change destiny. Here, you can see the fear and confusion of weak individuals when facing the dark unknown, and experience the cruelty and despair when they are in a desperate situation; and how people in this situation muster up the courage to persevere, fight, and finally usher in their own victory and glory. It deeply embeds war into everyone's life experience and accompanies us to find hope in the dark and gloomy times.

As the first general history of the world written by a famous author who is both a writer and a historian, "Outline of World History" narrates the history from the origin of life on earth to the end of the First World War, achieving the perfect combination between historical reality and literary imagination. Since its publication, it has been highly praised by history experts and history enthusiasts around the world for nearly a hundred years.

"The Adventures" is a collection of detective novels full of legend, adventure and wisdom. It is one of Conan Doyle's "The Complete Sherlock Holmes" series. "The Adventures" tells the story of the strange cases that the justice-sense detective Sherlock Holmes and his loyal doctor friend Watson experienced together. The book contains 12 stories, including "A Scandal in Bohemia", "The Red-Headed Society", "The Mystery of Identity", "The Case of the Speckled Belt", "The Case of the Engineer's Thumb", "The Case of the Bachelor", "The Case of the Jade Crown", "The Mystery of the Valley", "Several Orange Pips", "The Man with Crooked Lips", "The Sapphire Case", and "The Copper Beech Case". The plots of the stories are interlocking and fascinating.

The whole book uses rich writing and ink to show the historical events of the rise and fall of dozens of empires or dynasties on this planet. It is full of surrender and confrontation, intrigues and games. The history of mankind is made up of the rise and fall of many empires. The creation and collapse of each country promotes the evolution of political systems, the development of economic structures, and the integration of national cultures. Whether it is the mysterious disappearance of ethnic groups or the glorious rise of city-states, they have pushed the wheel of the times.

From the ancient times of drilling wood to make fire and tying ropes to record events to today's virtual network and digital age, human beings have experienced thousands of years. In these thousands of years, the most wonderful thing we have experienced is mystery. Life is wonderful, and the nature, earth and universe that create life are even more magical. In this magical and magnificent world, there are endless mysteries. Chapter content of this book: Chapter 1: The royal mystery that has been suspenseful for eternity; Chapter 2: The turbulent political turmoil; Chapter 3: The never-ending smoke and war; Chapter 4: Controversial celebrity anecdotes. This book uses the most vivid words, the most meticulous thinking, and the most wonderful pictures to explain the mysteries of these puzzling and mysterious phenomena, and explore all kinds of confusing scientific doubts with you.

Over thousands of years, humans have devised many ingenious and cruel ways to inflict pain on their fellow humans. This sad but seemingly universal trait corrodes the very civilization humans strive for. Although we seem to abhor torture today, it has been an integral part of much of the law throughout Europe and the Far East for more than 3,000 years. A Brief History of Human Torture explores various methods of punishment, torture, coercion, and torture. It takes readers into the ancient Roman arena, medieval dungeons, the Inquisition, the Inquisition, witch trials and the most brutal prisons. This is a shocking and compelling study that reveals the shameful methods and motives of torturers and executioners, as well as the heinous acts they have committed throughout the ages.

From the ancient times of drilling wood to make fire and tying ropes to record events to today's virtual network and digital age, human beings have experienced thousands of years. In these thousands of years, the most wonderful thing we have experienced is mystery. Life is wonderful, and the nature, earth and universe that create life are even more magical. In this magical and magnificent world, there are endless mysteries.

This is America's overlooked "sub-revolution." In 1776, in order to resist the British and strive for independence, the thirteen states of the United States formed an alliance. The overthrow of the British colonial rulers in 1783 allowed the United States to win precious independence and freedom. However, at this time, it was still difficult for the United States to become a country worthy of the name. After the victory in the War of Independence, deep divisions between states in the country also emerged. Looking at these local powers that were doing their own thing from the perspective of that time, no one was sure whether there would be a country called "the United States" in the future. In the years after independence, the United States gradually lost control in an atmosphere of victory. No country is willing to pay for the foreign debts owed during the war; countries that disagree with the treaties negotiated with foreign countries refuse to implement them. In terms of international reputation, the United States quickly fell from the revolutionary light of mankind to a country with ruined credibility. In addition, there were differences such as western land interests, slavery, pro-French and pro-British differences, etc., Which pushed the United States to the brink of division in the early days of independence. Some optimistic British politicians even waited for the American states to fight in their nests, and then begged to return to the embrace of the British Empire. In this almost hopeless situation, it was indeed a political miracle that the American Revolution could succeed and establish a solid national foundation. The book "Creating the Republic" will spell out the full picture of this miracle for you: the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention in 1787, the "Federalist Papers", Washington, Madison, the father of the U. S. Constitution, Hamilton, the father of finance... These people and events are remembered because they formed the country and national identity of the United States at that critical moment.

"The History of the Founding of the United States Series (set of 3 volumes)" includes three books: "American Genesis: Triumphs and Tragedies in the Founding of the Nation, 1775-1803", "Jefferson: The American Sphinx" and "Creating the Republic: The Birth of the United States of America, 1783-1789". It vividly displays the founding history of the United States from aspects such as leaders and the Declaration of Human Rights, and depicts how it rapidly grew from an emerging immigrant country to a superpower.

The United States has attracted much attention due to its liberal democratic politics, separation of powers system, and unique influence in global affairs. Yuan Tengfei carefully creates an interesting, interesting and informative history of the United States for you. This book allows you to understand the Song of Ice and Fire of the United States from a colony to a world power!

In this book, we can also get the following interesting and fresh information - The environment in some extreme areas, such as islands and polar regions, affects the height and metabolism of humans and animals. ·Island residents are often smaller and shorter because their new metabolism is relatively slow, so that they can conserve food and energy in their bodies when necessary (as if they were trapped on the island).

"Half-Hour Comic World History" is a brand new work launched by Chen Lei (pen name: Erhunzi), the founder of "Hunziyue" with 3 million fans! "A Half-Hour Comic History of the World" is more interesting, hilarious, richer and better-looking than "A Half-Hour Comic History of China"! "Half-Hour Comic World History" is actually a rigorous and minimalist history of the world! The author was highly recommended by former CCTV host Zhang Quanling! The content of "Half-hour Comic World History" is excerpted from the Stone historical drama column under the public account. The column has a cumulative reading of 300 million, and the average reading is 600,000. Each page has historical jokes, which will make you laugh every three seconds. While you are laughing out loud, you are already familiar with history without knowing it. Just through hand-drawn drawings and jokes, the bastard has figured out a clear historical context: a minimalist history of Europe that is so simple that it collapses, the Once Upon a Time in America trilogy, a history of Japan that can be read in one breath, and the muscular Spartan warriors 300...

This book, written by the famous art historian Gombrich, was warmly welcomed upon publication. The author uses mature and wise writing to condense the thousands of years of human history in this small book, and paints readers with vivid and clear scenes: the simple caves where mammoth hunters live, and the vast waters. The gleaming Acropolis of Athens, the smoky ruins of Carthage, the Roman Colosseum full of male hormones and blood and tears, the shattered Armada, only the ruins of the Old Summer Palace, and the smoke-filled battlefields of World War II. As Gombrich's narration slowly advances, when we realize the existence of history, it is already close before our eyes.

The translator of "The Lord of the Rings" and Taiwanese translator Deng Jiawan has made a precise and concise translation. After Deng Jiawan concentrated on polishing "The Story of Humanity", he couldn't help but sigh: "I gave 7 months of my life to this book." For the first time, it was included in the final chapter (Chapter 66) written by Fang Long 17 years after the first edition. This article is like a spiritual torch, inspiring future generations of readers to overcome ignorance and cowardice, and face change bravely. The book has 18,438 words of detailed annotations, allowing readers to appreciate the interest of history without any obstacles. Fang Long's 56 hand-drawn map illustrations are retained as they are, vividly reproducing the style of the original work. Proper nouns are retained in English to facilitate student readers' inquiry.

In the first half of the 20th century, three famous American historians jointly wrote "World History", which discussed the past history of mankind from the perspective of civilization evolution. It became popular in the United States and has gone through revisions. Our country translated this book twice in 1946 and 1948. In 1975, another translation by Bing Xin, Wu Wenzao, Fei Xiaotong and others was published. This time we used the 1975 translation, replaced it with a large number of exquisite and interesting illustrations, and wrote rich and diverse illustrations to show the style of the original work. Although this book was written nearly a century ago, it is still useful and interesting to read today. It divides the long process from the emergence of human civilization to the end of World War II in 1945 into four stages - the beginning of civilization, classical civilization, Christian civilization, and modern civilization - to introduce it, focusing especially on the development path of Western civilization. The writing is brisk, the exposition is precise, and it often provides refreshing insights.

European civilization in the 27 years from 1789 to 1815 belonged to Napoleon's century. Napoleon was an unprecedented dictator, but paradoxically, he devoted his life to seeking order for France after the liberal riots. After his death, he once again became a son of the revolution, an enemy of absolutism and aristocracy, a symbol of the riots, and a moderate spokesman who constantly demanded freedom. Hegel believed that he was a world force with the meaning of transforming fragmentation into wholeness and chaos into profoundness. This zeitgeist is necessary to maintain order and end individualism, abuse of freedom and broken rule. From this perspective, Napoleon was a progressive force. Europe moved forward for half a century under his 15-year rule.

European civilization in the 27 years from 1789 to 1815 belonged to Napoleon's century. Napoleon was an unprecedented dictator, but paradoxically, he devoted his life to seeking order for France after the liberal riots. After his death, he once again became a son of the revolution, an enemy of absolutism and aristocracy, a symbol of the riots, and a moderate spokesman who constantly demanded freedom. Hegel believed that he was a world force with the meaning of transforming fragmentation into wholeness and chaos into profoundness. This zeitgeist is necessary to maintain order and end individualism, abuse of freedom and broken rule. From this perspective, Napoleon was a progressive force. Europe moved forward for half a century under his 15-year rule.

"Rousseau and the Revolution" ushered in a new era. Rousseau had an incredible influence in literature, education, philosophy, religion, moral law, social behavior, art and politics. Rousseau is the father of the Romantic movement. Mrs. De Stael once said of Rousseau: "He created nothing, but burned everything." Like most key events in history, 100 different factors converged into the French Revolution, and Rousseau was the direct ideological promoter of the French Revolution. The ideas of the modern world, the ideological systems of the modern world, and the way of thinking of the modern world... Still originate from that era and that region.

Of the men and women of the turbulent century between the death of Louis XIV and the collapse of the Bastille, who lives more deeply in our memory than Voltaire? Who else is mentioned often? "Who was the real king in the 18th century?" Victor Cousin said, "It was Voltaire." Voltaire's colorful life is the epitome of a century. Let us follow the ever-burning torch to gain insight into his century!

The accurate name of this volume should be "The history of European civilization outside Italy from around 1300 to 1564, including the religious history of Italy, as well as the civilizations of Islam and Judaism in Europe, Africa, and West Asia." The Renaissance and the Reformation were the two sources of hostility between intellectuality and morality in modern life. Some people would be grateful to the Renaissance for liberating people's minds and beautifying life, while others would be grateful to the Reformation for inspiring religious beliefs and moral awareness. The Renaissance indeed inherited the mainstream of European spiritual development, and later led to the Enlightenment; but the Reformation deviated from the norm, rejected reason, and reaffirmed medieval beliefs. The lesson provided by the war is that any religion must survive in competition, and it will not become tolerant if it does not face challenges to appear supreme. The gift of the Reformation was to provide this kind of competition of faith, to make each religion strive to strive, to remind them of their tolerance, and to bring the desire and experiment of freedom to our fragile hearts.

This book uses an integrated approach to describe all aspects of Italian life during the Renaissance. The term "Renaissance" in this book refers only to Italy. In essence, the Renaissance was an economic expansion achieved by a few smart people manipulating the majority of simple people. Renaissance culture was an aristocratic culture built on the backs of the poor. The politics of the Renaissance were commercial oligarchs and military dictatorships replacing the republic. Morally, it was a pagan rebellion that corrupted the moral standards of religious theory, indulged human instincts, and used the wealth of industry and commerce as they pleased. The Renaissance restored classical culture and ended the thousand-year dominance of Eastern spirituality in Europe. It also spread the seeds of enlightenment to France, England, Germany, Flanders and Spain. Conceptual, moral and artistic trends continued to flow northward from Italy for a century. Between 1500 and 1600, all Western European countries recognized her as the mother of the new scientific, artistic and humanistic civilization.

This book describes the early changes in faith in Europe, divided into three parts: "Byzantine, Islamic and Jewish Civilizations", "Dark Ages and Crusades" and "Christian Civilization". It adopts an integrated historical research method to fully and objectively analyze and discuss the possible scope and opinions of the medieval civilization from 325 to 1300. Starting from the distant Byzantium and Islam, this book gives a general introduction to each of the four medieval civilizations or aspects of each era: Byzantium, Islam, Judaism and Western Europe, and gives as much analysis as possible of the confluence and excitement of these four cultures during the Crusades. Medieval times are a state and a period: in Western Europe we should end with Columbus; in Russia it continues to the time of Peter the Great (during 1725); in India it continues to our own time. This era left behind precious religious, economic, artistic and literary legacies.

This book describes the glorious but turbulent life of ancient Greece, the origin, growth, maturity and decline of Greek civilization, the subtle but not man-made ups and downs of its complex cultural rise and fall, and the changes in its basic factors. In Western culture, except for machinery, there is almost no modern thing that is not handed down from Greece. However, despite their repeated efforts, the Greeks failed to achieve integrity, unity and peace in their politics. They even fell into the chaos of civil war and class antagonism. They lost their land and destroyed the morale of the people. They finally surrendered to Eastern dictatorship, quietism and mysticism. In the end, they almost took the initiative to welcome the conquering Romans. Through the Romans, the dying ancient Greece passed its science, philosophy, literature, and art to Europeans, becoming the vivid cultural cornerstone of our modern world.

Asian civilization is the oldest civilization, the background and cornerstone of Greek and Roman culture, and the source of modern civilization. "Heritage of the East" is the opening chapter of "History of World Civilization". It divides Eastern civilization into three parts: "Egypt and the Near East," "India and South Asia," and "China and the Far East." It is organized and evaluated from the eight major elements of civilization: "labor, government, morality, religion, science, philosophy, writing, and art." Farming, industry, transportation, trade, government, morality, religion, science, philosophy, literature, art, etc., Are several elements that constitute civilization. This is part of the legacy given by the Eastern world to the West. It also left many parts that Western Europe can add to, thus enabling world civilization to develop rapidly in terms of art, architecture, democratic systems, etc.

The Battle of Hastings in 1066 is an iconic event that will forever be etched in the hearts of the British. This battle marked the end of Anglo-Saxon rule in England. However, the battle meant more to the Normans than Duke William's invading army sailing from Normandy to the Sussex coast. What a fantasy that a band of marauding Normans would found the most powerful dynasty in Europe at the time - in Sicily and France, as well as England. In exploring Norman culture from various relevant areas, Dr Leonie Hicks places the Normans within the larger context of early medieval society. She tells the Norman story from a comparative perspective, placing the experiences of Rollo, William, Robert and Roger Carr within the context of medieval history. From the Battle of Hastings to the military attacks led by Bohemond and Tancred (leaders of French Normandy) in the First Crusade; from fortresses and castles to Romanesque churches; from the founding of the Kingdom of Sicily (1130) to the cultural collision between Byzantines and Muslims, this book is a lively and vivid study of Norman history, one of the most popular topics in European history.

No country has a deeper relationship with firearms than the United States: they helped Europeans occupy the American continent, expand territories, win independence, conquer the Wild West, maintain law and order, and defeat tyranny and tyranny in the world. Whether it was the Revolutionary War, the Battle of the Alamo and Custer's last stand, or the North Hollywood bank robbery shootout, it is precisely because of those who devoted their efforts, selfless sacrifice and dedication that this country has become the United States, the land of the free and the home of the brave. If you were looking for an American who knows the most about guns, it would have to be Chris Kyle. --"Daily Mail" Chris Kyle treats every gun carefully. He understands that guns are tools to protect people and freedom, and they are also the source of evil. --"New York Times" (New Yorker Times) He is our legend. --U. S. Navy Seals "Ten Guns" is a popular book that interprets American history from the unique perspective of firearms. It is precisely because these ten guns changed the course of American history. The firearms involved in "Ten Guns" include American long rifles, Spencer repeaters, Colt single-action Army left-hand pistols, Winchester 1873 rifles, Springfield M1903 rifles, M1911 pistols, Thompson submachine guns, M1 Garand rifles, .38 Special police revolvers, and the M16 rifle that I used as a SEAL. Through these guns, author Chris Kyle reveals some of the exciting turning points in American history and how these ten guns changed American history forever. Includes the sniper's shot that changed the course of the American Revolution, the gun design that played a decisive role in the Battle of Gettysburg, the "gun that conquered the Wild West," and the weapons that gave American soldiers the edge in world-class wars and subsequent battles. This is a story of firearms innovation and technological development, filled with unforgettable historical figures, and tells the story of how those wizards of the firearms industry pushed American history and American strength forward.