Library

As the father of Austrian modernist literature and Freud's "double shadow" in literature, Schnitzler spent his life exploring the human soul. Drama and novels are the two most important forms he uses to realize literary exploration. Schnitzler's representative plays and novels fully embody the innovation of modernist literature, and have made remarkable achievements in the selection of themes, narrative techniques, expression methods and artistic conception. Schnitzler wrote more than sixty novels in his life, including a novel "The Road to the Wilderness". This manuscript selects Schnitzler's four famous short stories "The Story of Dreams", "Ensign Gust", "Miss Elser", "The Dead Speechless" and two early short stories "The Widower" and "The Other Man", from which we can get a glimpse of Schnitzler's novel creation.

The aristocratic girl Yana eagerly returns to her home at Poplar Grange from the monastery where she studied with a beautiful vision for the future and life. 17-Year-old Yana is at the age when she is in love. She is innocent, full of fantasy, and longs for love. And fate seemed to be particularly partial to her. Not long after she returned home, she met the elegant, gentle and considerate young aristocrat Viscount de Lamar, and they quickly fell in love and got married. Yana was full of hope that she was about to usher in a lifetime of happiness, but she never expected that the beautiful love she had always imagined would be the beginning of a lifetime of misfortune. After the marriage, the viscount quickly took off his gentle mask when pursuing Yana, revealing his true nature of being despicable, evil, greedy and lustful. He occupied Yana's property and had an affair with Yana's maid. Her husband's betrayal made Yana miserable. When she wanted to die, she was told that she was pregnant. The appearance of the child gave her new hope. But the happiness was too short-lived. Then a series of changes such as her husband's betrayal and death, the death of her parents, her only son running away from home, and bankruptcy, etc., Dashed Yana's hopes again and again. Yana gradually aged in despair. When her life came to an end, she said: "This life is neither as good nor as bad as you think."

In Goethe's creation in his later years, novels played an important role. Both novels "Affinity" (1809) and "The Wanderings of Wilhelm Meister" (1821-1829) are Goethe's masterpieces and classic works in German literature. Goethe mentioned many times and in many places that Affinity is his best novel. The story of the novel revolves around Charlotte, Edward, the captain and Ottilie. Charlotte and Edward are a couple who live a peaceful and harmonious life, but everything has changed since the captain and Ottilie came to their manor... Translated from the Hamburg edition of "Goethe's Selected Works", Volume 6, with reference to the Berlin edition of "Goethe's Selected Works", Volume 12.

"Gulliver's Travels" belongs to the "Bilingual Classics" series of books. It is a long travel novel by the famous British writer Jonathan Swift. The author uses unusual imagination to describe all kinds of strange things that the protagonist Gulliver encounters when he travels to "Lilliput", "Adult", "Hyhnhnms" and other places. For example, in the "Lilliputian Kingdom", he could freely play with all kinds of people, from kings to common people, in the palm of his hand; while in the "Adult Kingdom", he could only be controlled by others like a child. After arriving in the "Hyhnhnms Kingdom", the horse became a symbol of wisdom, and people became inferior animals... Through these interesting stories, the author satirized various shortcomings of British society at that time, such as the intrigues of politicians and the greed of the rich.

"Sister Carrie": Carrie, an 18-year-old country girl, takes a train to Chicago to find a better life. She met the salesman Drouet on the train. After arriving in Chicago, she lived with Drouet and met the hotel manager Hurst Water through him. Hurstwood became obsessed with her and the two became lovers. In order to get Carrie completely, Hurstwood stole 10,000 yuan in cash from the hotel cabinet and ran away with Carrie. After settling in New York, Hurstwood was unable to be as successful as before, and his situation became worse and worse. He fell into unemployment and became a beggar, and committed suicide; while Carrie left him after getting an acting job in the theater and became a popular actor, but she was not happy. "Genius" is Dreiser's masterpiece. It accuses the destruction of art by capitalist society through the degradation of a young painter. The life experience of the protagonist Eugene Vitra puts forward the relationship between artists - that is, people with special geniuses - and life, and society, and how to reconcile the contradiction between the special sensitivity and special needs of geniuses and the orthodox norms of society. "An American Tragedy" makes a strong and painful indictment of capitalist society through the emergence and disillusionment of Clyde's "American Dream", the formation and development of his egoistic outlook on life and hedonistic thoughts, and his depression, struggle, degradation and destruction. This tragedy is not so much a tragedy of personality and humanity as it is a tragedy of an era and country based on egoism.

"The Castle" is Kafka's most distinctive and important novel (unfinished). The work tells the story of the protagonist K. Who applied for a job as a land surveyor in the castle. After traveling long distances and crossing many snowy roads, he finally arrived at a poor village under the jurisdiction of the castle in the middle of the night. In the village guest house, the exhausted K met all kinds of people, all of whom were civilians struggling at the bottom of society. Among them were the owner of the guest house, the landlady, the waitress, and some other miscellaneous staff. Although the castle was within easy reach, he went through all kinds of troubles, even seducing the mistress of Cram, the castle official, but he could not get in. K was exhausted from running around and could not enter the castle until his death. In "The Castle", Kafka describes a desperate struggle in a cold tone, thereby revealing the absurdity, alienation and indifference of the world.

X

"The Brothers Karamazov" is an unsurpassed example of crime fiction. It is Dostoevsky's last novel and his pinnacle. The novel was serialized in the "Russian Herald" for two years and was completed in 1880. Dostoevsky himself passed away just four months after writing this masterpiece. The novel uses a real patricide case to describe the conflict between the old Karamazov and his three sons, that is, two generations. The old Karamazov was greedy for money and lustful. He monopolized the inheritance left by his wife to his sons, and was jealous of a romantic woman with his eldest son Dmitri. One night, Dmitri suspected that his lover was having a tryst with the old man, so he broke into his home and almost killed the old man. The work shows a moral and human tragedy and embodies the writer's high artistic achievements in his life.

"The Idiot" is one of the important works of Fyodor Dostoyevsky, the great Russian writer of the 19th century. The novel is full of explosive suspense and portrays criminals, hypochondriacal patients and idiots completely different from their previous images, making you want to read it. The novel describes Nastasya, a beautiful woman from a noble family in the 1860s who has been ravaged by the landowner Totsky for many years. Later, Totsky was willing to pay a large sum of money to marry her to the despicable Ganya. She was deeply moved by the sudden appearance of the young Duke Myshkin, who was willing to marry Nastasya unconditionally. Although Nastasya loved the prince deeply, she ran away with the playboy Rogozhin on the wedding day and was eventually killed by Rogozhin. The kind-hearted Prince Myshkin was unable to influence or benefit those around him. The novel gives a broad description of the Russian upper class after the serfdom reform and involves complex psychological and moral issues.

"The Misery of the Inventor" is one of the "Disillusionment" trilogy and a classic work of Balzac, the great French critical realist writer. This is a novel that reflects the commercialization of literature and art and the shady story of the press. It is also one of the most profound masterpieces in "The Human Comedy" and the one that best reflects the spirit of the times. It is also a particularly profound book. Most of the encounters of the main characters in the book are taken from the writer's own experience. He has experienced almost all of their passions, fantasies and sufferings personally. Through the experiences of two talented and ambitious young people, the novel reflects the situation and mental state of an entire generation of young people after the French Revolution. The work points out that with the disintegration of the feudal system and the victory of capitalism, there will inevitably be competition among people, which will inevitably produce poems of personal struggle and tragedies of shattered ideals.

This book is the last work completed by the great French critical realist writer Balzac during his lifetime. It was translated by Fu Lei. Readers who like Balzac's works should not miss this book. Many scholars at home and abroad regard this work as "Balzac's later masterpiece" and "the highest peak of his art". Uncle Bangs is a musician, an honest and noble self-reliant man who likes to collect famous paintings. When people didn't know that he had all these treasures in his hands, no one took him seriously. After his death, relatives from all walks of life showed their claws and claws in order to snatch the inheritance. Through the description of Bangs, Mrs. Xib and others, this book reveals the social situation during the July Dynasty, when demons danced wildly, good people died tragically, and righteous people remained silent, and lashed out at the shameless creed of "money supremacy" of the financial bourgeoisie.

"Young Man" is a very important novel written by Fyodor Dostoevsky, a great Russian writer in the 19th century, in his later years. It can be said to be the author's autobiographical novel, which shows his outstanding concern and in-depth thinking about the practical problems of Russian society at that time, as well as his strong moral color. The work takes as its main line the growth experience of Arkady Dolgoruky, a young man who was not deeply involved in the world and was deeply influenced by Rothschild's thoughts. It depicts the corrosion of the souls of the young generation at that time by the money worship in Russia in the 1870s when capitalism was developing rapidly. The novel also reflects the disintegration and decline of the Russian aristocracy by creating the typical image of Andrei Versilov, a Russian aristocratic landowner intellectual with dual personality.

"Notes from the House of the Dead" occupies an important position in the history of world literature. It is the most important and influential work published by the great Russian writer Dostoevsky in the 19th century during the Russian serfdom reform period. Known as a strange book that cannot be ignored in the history of world literature, it describes the explosion of extreme human nature in extreme environments. Based on his own personal experience, the author described his experiences during hard labor in a calm and objective style. The whole book is composed of independent chapters such as memories, essays, close-ups, and stories, which vividly displays the terrible situation and mental state of various types of convicts, and outlines the unique personalities of various characters.

"Crime and Punishment" is an outstanding social psychological novel. It heartily analyzes the psychology of criminals and tears apart the gloomy veil of society. It is the masterpiece that won Dostoevsky world-wide reputation. The novel describes a poor college student, Raskolnikov, who was forced to commit murder due to the pressure of making a living. After experiencing a painful inner struggle, he met the girl with a holy soul, Sonia, a prostitute who fell into prostitution for the sake of an unfortunate family. This finally led him to the road of atonement and the dawn of new life... The novel takes the protagonist's crime and the conscience and moral punishment he received after the crime as the main line, and extensively describes the desperate situation of the poor in Russian cities and the increasingly acute social contradictions. With true sympathy and full of anger, the author mercilessly presents the darkness, abject poverty, despair and filth of the Russian capital in the 1860s to readers.

This is one of Balzac's many works. The book tells the love story of a young man named Albert Savaron who graduated from law. Albert Savaron fell in love with an Italian princess. In order to be worthy of the one he loved, he kept struggling. For more than ten years, he experienced intrigues in the world. Their love also withstood many tests, but they were eventually separated by others. Albert Savaron also abandoned the world and escaped into a monastery. In this novel, Balzac, who is famous for exposing moral decay, materialistic desires, and the evils of money, passionately eulogizes a pair of lovers who are outstandingly independent and fight tenaciously for true love in a society where love has become a slave to money, and composes a shocking and pure love song.

This book is a classic work by Balzac, the great French critical realist writer. It is a novel with a mysterious color, and it is the author's lashing and warning against greed. Readers who like Balzac's works should not miss it. The novel depicts a group of extremely vicious inheritance heirs, depicting how they longed for the death of their uncle in order to obtain the inheritance, eagerly robbed or even stole property when the patient was dying, and even used all kinds of despicable means to persecute a pure and innocent orphan girl in order to enjoy the stolen money in peace of mind. Unlike most stories in Balzac's works, this story ends with good people being rewarded and bad people being punished and changed, which fully illustrates the author's proposition of using religious concepts to curb human depravity.

The only novel by the British genius Oscar Wilde is a shocking, strange and gorgeous legendary work. It perfectly explains the aesthetic concept of "art for art's sake" and reveals all the mysteries deep in Wilde's soul from form to content. Classic translation by the famous translator Rong Rude. "The Picture of Dorian Gray" is a masterpiece of Oscar Wilde's novels and a masterpiece of his aesthetic novels. The beautiful boy Dorian Gray faced the portrait painted by his friend Hallward and said: "If I could stay young forever and let this portrait grow old... I would trade my soul for youth!" This absurd wish formed the basis of the plot of "The Picture of Dorian Gray", the only novel by Oscar Wilde, a representative writer of aestheticism. Unexpectedly, as soon as this statement came out, it became a prophecy. As a result of the influence of environment and the pursuit of pleasure, Gray fell deeper and deeper into the quagmire of self-indulgence until he was completely destroyed. This book also includes two of Wilde's masterpieces, "The Crime of Lord Arthur Saville" and "The Canterville Ghost", which basically contain the essence of Wilde's novels. This book contains twenty original illustrations, which are of great collection value.

"The unique characteristic of this world is that every life longs for freedom." An immortal masterpiece about personal life and human destiny, "War and Peace" in the 20th century, the first Chinese translation in the Chinese-speaking world has been newly revised. "Life and Destiny" is narrated against the background of the Eastern Front battlefield of World War II. The author Grossman's writing spans the entire Eastern Front battlefield in Europe. Compared with works of the same subject at the same time, although the core of the narrative of "Life and Destiny" revolves around the defense of Stalingrad, Grossman did not only focus on depicting the brutality of the war scenes. With Grossman's sword and pen, a historical picture spanning the entire Soviet Union emerges on the page, from the areas occupied by Nazi Germany, to the front line of the Stalingrad battlefield, to Moscow, which was almost empty to avoid the war, and even criminals serving in the Soviet Far East. Through the ingenious and precise interweaving and arrangement of storylines, countless living beings who have been submerged in history are brought back to life in the book, whether they are the obedient Jewish prisoners in the concentration camps, or the soldiers who fought bloody battles on the front line of the war; whether they were speculators and losers in the war years , bureaucrats who suppress dissidents, or intellectuals who adhere to principles and refuse to sell their consciences. Each character has become familiar because of their reality. Although this is a story that is very far away from us, it is still closely related to the life and destiny of everyone in modern society.

A classic work of stream of consciousness in the history of literature, a great self-portrait of an artist. More than 30 original illustrations perfectly set off the scenes. This book is a must-read for Qiao fans around the world. This book is the first novel written by Joyce using the stream of consciousness technique, and it is also one of the earliest and most successful stream of consciousness novels in the history of world literature. The novel has a strong autobiographical flavor and describes how Stephen, a young boy from Dublin, escapes the oppression and bullying of boarding school and talks about beauty and imagination on this poor island even abandoned by God, in an attempt to seek and discover a way of life or art in which the human spirit can be expressed freely without hindrance. He broke out of his cocoon and became Stephen, a young artist. His painful process of trying to get rid of the various influences that hindered his development - family constraints, religious traditions and narrow nationalistic sentiments, to pursue the true meaning of art and beauty, is actually a portrayal of the young Joyce's life and creative career from awakening to maturity. Joyce's subsequent masterpieces "Ulysses" and "Finnegans Wake" can be regarded as the sequel to "Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man".

"Demian" is one of the masterpieces of the German literary master Hesse. It is a coming-of-age novel that tells the story of young Sinclair's arduous journey of finding himself. Sinclair, who was born and grew up in a wealthy family, fell into endless entanglement because of a lie he told. Later, a young man named Demian appeared and brought him light. From then on, he began to embark on the path of loneliness and self-discovery. Later, Demian appeared in different identities and appearances, pointing out the way forward for Sinclair every time he hesitated...

_

"Eugenie Grandet": takes the protagonist Grandet's family life as the main line, and Eugenie's love tragedy as the core of the conflict. There are no poisons, no sharp knives, and no bloodshed in the novel, but it perfectly portrays the image of Grandet, a cruel, greedy, and miserly capitalist. It profoundly exposes Grandet's ugly way of getting rich and his ignorant view of money, and successfully creates an immortal image of a miser in the history of world literature. With its comic exaggeration, personalized language and detailed character description, the novel has achieved considerable literary achievements, marking a new leap in the ideological and artistic aspects of Balzac's works. "Petro Goriot": In 1819, the Vauquer apartment in Paris lived with several tenants including Goriot, a retired flour merchant known as "Petro Goriot", the poor but ambitious student Rastignac, and the easy-going but cold-hearted Vautrin. Old Man Goriot, who spends every penny in his own life, dotes on his two daughters who have married into the upper class, and uses the wealth he has accumulated throughout his life to satisfy his daughters' extravagance; Rastignac, a poor young man from the mainland, witnesses the extravagance of Paris aristocrats, vows to get ahead, and hopes to rise to the top by befriending noble ladies; The hypocritical Vautrin was a fugitive from prison who had been hiding in the corner, waiting for an opportunity to seize wealth... Seeing that Goriot's family property was squeezed out by his two daughters, and he did not even see his daughter for the last time before his death. Vautrin's conspiracy failed, his identity was exposed and he was caught. Rastignac seemed to see through the hypocrisy and absurdity of this upper class society, and he was determined to challenge the society...

"The Little Prince" is a classic fairy tale and philosophical fable with 400 million readers around the world: the story unfolds from the perspective of a pilot. An air crash caused him to make an emergency landing in the Sahara Desert, where he met a little prince from an alien planet. After the little prince had a quarrel with his beloved rose, he left his home and traveled alone in the universe. He met the king, the vain man, the drunkard, the businessman, the lamplighter and the geographer, and finally came to the earth... The author Saint-Exupéry used a child's eyes to see through the emptiness of adults, and through the mouth of a wise fox, he told the true meaning of life: essential things are invisible to the naked eye, and can only be seen clearly by looking with the heart.

"Wuthering Heights" is a work by the British novelist Emily Brontë and is one of the representative works of British literature in the 19th century. The novel describes the story of Heathcliff, a gypsy outcast who was adopted by the old owner of Wuthering Heights. He went out to make a living due to humiliation and failed love, and later came back to exact revenge on the squire Linton who married his girlfriend Catherine and their descendants.

Although "Sense and Sensibility" is Jane Austen's first novel, her writing skills are already quite proficient. The novel takes the tortuous and complicated marriage turmoil of the two heroines as the main line, and raises issues of moral and behavioral norms through the humorous comparison of "reason and emotion". Every plot in the story has been ingeniously conceived by the author. The superficial causal relationship and the underlying reasons hidden behind the scenes are all natural and reasonable. This book has been adapted into movies many times.

N

"Oblomov" is Goncharov's masterpiece. The novel creates a typical "Oblomov character" and reveals the profound social and life roots of Oblomov's self-destructive tragedy. He is a product of the collapse of serfdom. His image marks the limit of the degeneration of "superfluous people" in Russia in the 19th century. He is a typical example of a declining landlord. This is also the success of the novel. This image marked the end of the image of the "superfluous man" in Russian literature in the 19th century. "Love in Petersburg" (originally called "An Ordinary Story") is Goncharov's first novel. The novel describes a young Alexander who, after 20 years of living comfortably in the countryside, became dissatisfied. He yearned crazily for city life and got along with the emerging bourgeois industrialist Uncle Peter. The emerging bourgeois culture of Petersburg was incompatible with the traditional aristocratic manor culture and patriarchal lifestyle, and the two worldviews collided fiercely. He finally agreed with his uncle's philosophy of life and attitude towards life, achieved success through a tortuous road, and became a wealthy man. "The Cliff (Up and Down)" is one of the three famous works by the famous Russian writer Goncharov. It took the author 20 years from conception to completion. By describing the love and spiritual pursuits of Russian aristocratic young men and women, the novel reflects the social life and social changes in Russia from the 1840s to the 1960s.

"Pride and Prejudice" is Jane Austen's masterpiece. This work uses daily life as the material. It goes against the content and artificial writing methods of sentimental novels that were popular in the society at that time. It vividly reflects the conservative and closed-off British rural life and world conditions from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century. Although "Sense and Sensibility" is Jane Austen's first novel, her writing skills are already quite proficient. The novel takes the tortuous and complicated marriage turmoil of the two heroines as the main line, and raises issues of moral and behavioral norms through the humorous comparison of "reason and emotion". Every plot in the story has been ingeniously conceived by the author. The superficial causal relationship and the underlying reasons hidden behind the scenes are all natural and reasonable. Emma, ​​the protagonist of "Emma", is a beautiful, intelligent and wealthy girl, and she is also an out-and-out dreamer. She enthusiastically pays attention to the romantic stories around her, but stubbornly believes that she will never fall into them. She took it upon herself to direct love affairs again and again for the orphan Harriet. When Harriet mistakenly thought she was in love with the magistrate Mr. Knightley, Emma was shocked to realize that she was also in love with Mr. Knightley. Although this was contrary to the vow she had announced from the beginning that she would never marry, she had to give up her innocent vow when she fell in love. "Sanditon" This book includes Austen's unfinished novel "Sanditon" and the novella "Lady Susan". "Sanditon" was Austen's final work, and she died after writing only twelve chapters. "Lady Susan" is one of Austen's early epistolary novels. It describes the widow Lady Susan's plan to find a new husband for herself and also decides to marry off her daughter, which fully demonstrates Austen's satirical characteristics. In addition, this book fully demonstrates her accurate grasp of the character's psychology and has an unexpected Austen-style ending.

"Wuthering Heights" is a novel with the theme of love and revenge by the British writer Emily Bronte. It tells the emotional entanglement between two generations of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. With this work alone, Emily Brontë established her position in the history of world literature. Published in 1847, it remained in neglect for more than forty years after its publication. After entering the 20th century, this novel has captured the hearts of hundreds of millions of readers like a magnet. It can be said that among the novels of the Victorian period, "Wuthering Heights" is the only one that has not been obscured by the dust of time.

"Jane Eyre" is Charlotte Bronte's masterpiece. It tells the story of Jane Eyre, whose parents died when she was young, and was fostered in her aunt's house, where she suffered discrimination and bullying. After that, he was sent to a charity school and spent eight years. Then he went to Thornfield Manor to work as a tutor and met the owner of the manor, Rochester. Two unique souls fall in love here. But Thornfield always hides a terrifying secret. Finally, the secret was revealed at their wedding, and Jane Eyre chose to leave. Being forced to leave a loved one is extremely difficult, and Rochester, who once hid his secret, also paid a huge price for it...

"Resurrection" is a novel written by Tolstoy based on a real case, which took ten years and six revisions. It is a summary of the writer's life exploration and thoughts, and is known as the peak of the development of Russian critical realism. Through Maslova's suffering and Nekhlyudov's appeal process, the novel extensively and profoundly criticizes the corruption and darkness of courts, prisons, and bureaucracies. It exposes the extravagant and luxurious life of the feudal ruling class and the cruelty, stupidity, and inhumanity of reactionary officials. It tears off the hypocrisy of the official church, reflects the bankruptcy of the countryside and the extreme poverty of the farmers, and outlines a social picture of a serfdom Russia that is on the verge of collapse.

The novel "Madame Bovary" describes the process of a petty bourgeois woman's gradual degradation because she is not satisfied with her mediocre life. The author works very hard to find the social roots of this tragedy. "The Temptation of Saint Anthony" is a novel with a dramatic form, narrating the legendary story of the medieval hermit Saint Anthony who was tempted by the devil. "A Simple Heart" contains the novellas "Memories of a Madman" and "Autumn Rhythm" and the short story "A Simple Heart" by French writer Flaubert. "Memories of a Madman" describes the passion and melancholy of a young man who is silently in unrequited love and obsessed with love. "Autumn Rhythm" tells the story of a lonely, depressed young man who eagerly desires to experience the taste of love, but ends up dying of melancholy because of love. "A Simple Heart" describes the ordinary and touching life of a maid, showing her beautiful and kind heart and brave and witty qualities.

"The Red and the Black" shows the full picture of the French Restoration period. It not only reveals the fate of the restored feudal aristocracy, but also criticizes the despicability of the powerful big bourgeoisie and its intricate struggles with the nobility and monks. It successfully creates the image of the protagonist Julien. The novel pioneered "stream of consciousness novels" and "psychological novels" in later generations. Fabrizio, the protagonist of "The Convent of Parma", won the love of his aunt since he was a child, and won the favor of many women when he grew up to be a handsome young man; he returned to Parma from the Waterloo battlefield, and after becoming the vicar general, he met an actress and accidentally killed her lover, and was forced to He fled to Bologna, and when he was bored, he met the female singer Fausta and staged a farce-like affair... In addition, the description of the Waterloo War in the book reflects the author's realistic creative style and has become a famous chapter in the history of literature. "Italian Heritage" is a collection of short stories and short stories. The eight short stories and short stories included in "Farnina Fanini" were written by Stendhal based on some handwritten stories found in Italy. "Armance" describes the love tragedy of a young man and woman during the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty. The aristocratic young man Octave has outstanding talent and appearance, but is incompatible with the upper class society. He only has the same interests as his cousin Armance. Armance is an orphan girl who was adopted by a noble lady and has been living under the shelter of others for a long time. The marriage of Octave and Armance was opposed by the aristocratic society, but they still got married. Shortly after the marriage, Octave listened to others' slander and instigation against Armance and committed suicide by taking poison...

The book "The Eternal Maiden" tells a story: Theresa is the daughter of the talented composer Albert Sanger. She and her sisters lived in a small villa high in the Austrian Alps, living a paradise-like life. She fell in love with a composer as talented as her father, Louis Dodd, who married Theresa's cousin Florence. The emotional entanglement surrounding these three people finally made Teresa's selfless and tolerant love for Louis eternal...

"Great Expectations", also translated as "Lone Star Blood and Tears", is a novel written by Dickens in his later years. The story is set from Christmas Eve of 1812 to the winter of 1840. The protagonist, orphan Pip, uses an autobiographical approach to narrate three stages of his life starting from the age of 7. This novel implements Dickens's prose style, expressing his views on life and human nature through the ups and downs of the orphans in the play.

"The Moon and Sixpence" belongs to the "Bilingual Classics" series of books and is the masterpiece of the "story master" Somerset Maugham. The protagonist of the novel, Strickland, was originally a securities broker. In his forties, he suddenly responded to his inner call and gave up everything to paint in Paris. After experiencing various encounters, he came to Tahiti in the South Pacific. There, his inspiration surged like a fountain, and he continued to paint until he contracted leprosy. Only many years after his death did people realize that the unreasonable madman and impoverished tramp in the eyes of the world turned out to be a rare artistic genius in the world! The novel deeply explores the eternal theme of ideals and reality: how many people only occasionally raise their heads to take a timid glance at the moon, and then continue to lower their heads to chase sixpences.

L

K

"Letter from an Unknown Woman" is a collection of Zweig's novellas. It tells the story of a man who received a thick unsigned letter on his forty-first birthday. The letter was written by a dying woman. Between the lines was her unforgettable love for him for eighteen years, but the man who received the letter had no idea about it. In addition, it also includes the famous works "The Burning Secret", "Tropical Madness", "Twenty-Four Hours in a Woman's Life", "The Story of Chess", etc. "The Fall of a Heart" is a collection of Zweig's short stories. Zweig's works are good at meticulous character characterization, as well as descriptions of personal experiences and souls under strange fates. He is especially good at insight into women's inner activities in the torment of passion. This book contains more than twenty famous short stories, such as "The Story of a Woman's Enforcement", "The Invisible Collection", "The Death of a Heart", etc.

This book is an autobiographical novel by Hermann Hesse, a classic work of self-healing and growth for "social fears". The protagonist Harry had lofty personal ideals when he was young, but was rejected by the society at that time. Once, he read a booklet called "Steppenwolf" and awakened the "wolf nature" hidden under his "human nature". In order to get rid of the pain of loneliness, he went to a pub to get drunk and have fun, but he only gained short-term relief. Later, he entered a magic theater and saw various scattered personalities, so he pieced them together into a complete self. Finally, he got rid of despair and returned to real life. This book uses Harry's situation to express Hesse's own physical and mental healing process, while also revealing the symptoms of the decline of European culture at that time.

"Les Misérables" is another magnificent masterpiece written by the famous French romantic writer Victor Hugo after "The Hunchback of Notre Dame". It is a novel that represents Hugo's thoughts and artistic style. With outstanding artistic expression, the book shows people a picture of the French Revolution from 1793 to 1832 through the description of the tragic experiences of Jean Valjean and others and a series of touching deeds done by Jean Valjean after he was converted by Bishop Myrière. The brilliant picture of French social and political life during the Paris Popular Uprising in 2006 profoundly exposed and criticized the decadent nature of French society and its criminal phenomena at that time, and expressed compassion and sympathy for the exploitation, fraud and cruel persecution suffered by the poor people under heavy pressure.

"The Brothers Karamazov" is a novel written by the Russian writer Dostoevsky, and is also considered to be his most accomplished masterpiece. The novel begins with the murder of old Karamazov, a provincial rural landowner, and his son becomes a suspect and is put on trial. The author weaves a narrative surrounded by three-dimensional characters, developing a story with twists and turns, facing insurmountable philosophical dilemmas at each stage until it reaches the climax of the plot. In this work, Dostoevsky not only demonstrated the uncanny writing skills and talent of a literary master, but also conducted in-depth discussions on philosophy, psychology, religion, etc. The Brothers Karamazov is one of the greatest novels of all time. Among a small number of outstanding works, "The Brothers Karamazov" ranks first!

"Faust" is Goethe's most important and well-known masterpiece. It took nearly sixty years from creation to final completion, covering Goethe's entire literary career. It is also an insurmountable classic in the history of German literature and has a worldwide influence. It is one of the four major European masterpieces along with Homer's epic, Dante's "Divine Comedy" and Shakespeare's "Hamlet". "Faust" is based on the German folklore about Dr. Faustus in the 16th century. It tells the story of Faust's contract with the devil Mephistopheles, starting from his study and entering the outside world, in his unremitting pursuit of love, power, beauty and ideals. Although Faust's pursuit constantly encountered tragedies, and he finally died when his work of transforming nature was completed, his spirit reflected Goethe's own exploration of the inner world and the world in his long life. It was also a microcosm of the cultural development during the rise of the European bourgeoisie in the three hundred years from the Renaissance to the early 19th century.

The narrator of the novel, Ishmael, was tired of life on land and boarded the Pequod whaling ship to work as a sailor. Captain Ahab was bitten off half of his leg by a beluga whale on a previous voyage. He is determined to find the beluga and take revenge on this voyage.

The little leper serves one master after another, and personally experiences all kinds of hardships in the world. He wanders around in a society that does not allow him to live, and struggles to survive. It makes people understand that in the course of a poor and humble life, the little leper exudes a life style of not surrendering to the situation in order to survive. "The Little Leper", with its simple and concise text and brilliant and vivid story, truly reflects the social conditions of medieval Spain, setting a precedent for picaresque novels and becoming the originator of similar works.

"The Count of Monte Cristo" is a work by the author Alexandre Dumas. It has been released for thirty years and is an eternal classic. It reproduces the original book illustrations. In France in 1799, the revolutionary blood had not faded. The king's head fell to the ground, the royalists were waiting for an opportunity to recover, and Napoleon wanted to seize power. Roland, Napoleon's right-hand man, and Morgan, a loyal nobleman of the previous dynasty. The two evenly matched people each belong to their own master. They have repeatedly clashed and fought with each other. Although their positions are different, they cherish each other. On the eve of the Wuyue Coup, various forces took turns to appear. This was a competition for power and a collision of beliefs. Should you live for your lover or die for your ideal?

"War and Peace" is an immortal masterpiece in the history of world literature, ranking first among the "Top Ten Masterpieces in the World", with a total of four volumes. Focusing on Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812, the writer describes the heroic scenes of the Russian people rising up to fight against the invaders, while also exploring the historical destiny of the aristocracy. The novel revolves around the lives of four aristocratic families including Bolkonsky, and uses the fate of the main members of the four families as the plot clue throughout. It depicts Russian social fashion and shows a broad picture of life.

"Anna Karenina" is Tolstoy's second landmark novel, written from 1873 to 1877. Anna is a high-society lady, young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament. Once at the station, Anna met the young officer Vronsky. The latter was attracted by her beauty and pursued her desperately. In the end, Anna fell in love and decided to leave her husband and live with Vronsky. But the longing for her son and the pressure from the surrounding environment made her fall into pain and uneasiness, and she gradually discovered that Vronsky was not a dedicated and ideal figure. After losing her son and her last spiritual support, Vronsky, in despair, she chose to commit suicide by lying on the train. The novel exposes the ugliness and hypocrisy of the Russian upper class in the 1860s and 1970s. It also expresses the author's complex moral exploration and ideological exploration during a period of social transformation.

"Anna Karenina" is Tolstoy's second landmark novel, written from 1873 to 1877. Anna is a high-society lady, young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament. Once at the station, Anna met the young officer Vronsky. The latter was attracted by her beauty and pursued her desperately. In the end, Anna fell in love and decided to leave her husband and live with Vronsky. But the longing for her son and the pressure from the surrounding environment made her fall into pain and uneasiness, and she gradually discovered that Vronsky was not a dedicated and ideal figure. After losing her son and her last spiritual support, Vronsky, in despair, she chose to commit suicide by lying on the train. The novel exposes the ugliness and hypocrisy of the Russian upper class in the 1860s and 1970s. It also expresses the author's complex moral exploration and ideological exploration during a period of social transformation.

This book tells the story of the aristocratic young man Nekhludoff who seduced the adopted daughter of his aunt, the peasant girl Katyusha Maslova, causing her to become a prostitute; but when she was falsely accused of murder for money, he attended the court as a jury to try her. This seemingly coincidental event had typical social significance at the time. On the one hand, the novel presents the representative themes of the author's later years - spiritual awakening and running away from home; on the other hand, it mainly uses Nekhlyudov's experience and knowledge to show the dark side of society from cities to rural areas, and makes a profound criticism of the government, courts, prisons, churches, private ownership of land and the capitalist system.