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Firstly, the concepts of technological culture and technological cultural outlook are defined. On this basis, the specific evolution process of Japan's modern technological cultural outlook is summarized: it is mainly divided into the stage of harmonizing the soul of Han talents, the stage of harmonizing the soul of foreign talents and the stage of leaving Asia and entering Europe. The evolution process of Japan's view of modern technological culture is the process of modern Japan gradually understanding the positivism and rationalism of modern technological culture, and also the process of gradually understanding utilitarianism and skepticism in technological ethics. Finally, we compare the similarities and differences between China and Japan in accepting modern technological culture.

The Kingdom of Bahrain is the smallest country in the Gulf region and one of the most densely populated countries in the Arab world. Bahrain has now developed into a tourism and shopping powerhouse in the Gulf region. This book adopts a writing method that emphasizes the present but not the ancient, comprehensively introduces Bahrain's national conditions, economy and trade, history, culture, customs and etiquette, etc., Highlighting the scientific, intellectual, historical and readability. It aims to provide readers with systematic and brand-new Sudanese social and cultural knowledge, and provide entrepreneurs, businessmen and people from all walks of life engaged in foreign business exchanges with detailed and reliable knowledge and information.

This book is a commemorative collection of essays, which contains most of Ms. Cao Tejin's articles and is accompanied by many precious photos. The book is divided into three parts. The first part studies the relevant situation in Russia after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Marx, and Blanqui; the focus of the second part is the translation of some views and opinions of Russian scholars on the Communist International; the third part is Caotekin's own experience and research process presented in the form of a short essay. This book is rich in content, and its grasp and analysis of world history helps to grasp the concept of world history as a whole and deepen our understanding of world history, and has high academic value.

This is a monographic book introducing the history of Native Americans. The author begins with the European invaders entering the American continent and writes until the end of the American Indian War in 1890. It comprehensively introduces the trauma, pain and struggles that Indians experienced during the establishment and development of the United States. The author Charles Page is not a straightforward account of the history of Native Americans, but through the stories of European Americans and Native Americans, he describes how the Indian culture merged with the European colonizer culture in the process, and eventually became one of the many adventure legends of the United States of America.

Where did the Huns come from? The Qin State actually rebuilt the Great Wall of the Warring States Period at all costs to resist the Huns! How powerful were the Huns? Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Han Dynasty, was trapped in Baishan Mountain and was helpless! Why did such a powerful conquest empire die overnight? It's like the world has disappeared, and it is difficult to verify now! What kind of secret is hidden behind this? This book will give you the answer through detailed writing in 7 chapters!

Playing with time and stealing a taste of history - Wu Nianzhen expressed his admiration: Listening to Mauro Meyer talking about Japan is "a kind of enjoyment and a rare fate"! Talking about the Warring States Period and describing the Warring States Period, there is always a group of heroes vying for hegemony, the victorious king and the defeated bandit cannot be joked about. Only Miya restores the tangible and palpable era with a relaxed and interesting common people's perspective, leading us to enjoy the turbulent world, and taste the flavors of life that are influenced by the trend. Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu, the most beautiful woman of the Warring States Period, Ichihime, and the three Asai sisters, etc., Come alive on the page. Interesting and interesting Warring States customs, legends, food, and city anecdotes also come alive in his kind and delicate pen.

[UK] Tim Blanning is Emeritus Professor of Modern European History at the University of Cambridge and a member of the British National Academy. He is the author of more than ten books including "Joseph II and Enlightened Despotism", "The Origins of the French Revolutionary War", "The Romantic Revolution", "King Frederick the Great", "The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Europe of the Old Regime, 1660-1789", "The Triumph of Music: The Arrival of Composers, Musicians and Their Art".

In the Middle Ages, people living in Western Europe generally believed that they lived in a Christian world. It was a community of faith and a great plan for European unity that developed over a thousand years. However, in just over a century, it disappeared, leaving only a bit of a dream, replaced by the newly born geographical entity "Europe". In 1517, Martin Luther declared war on the Roman Catholic Church, and the unrest under the appearance of unity erupted, turning Europe upside down. Doctrinal conflicts replaced shared beliefs, Christian republics fought to the death, and dynastic wars and military changes fundamentally changed the relationship between rulers and the ruled. Driven by curiosity, people discovered new science, discovered new worlds, and rediscovered Europe. After 1648, the idea of ​​a unified Christendom had crumbled, and Europe became a geographical shape, a map that showed the fissures, a way of dividing political, economic and social fragments. Amidst disorder, chaos and reconstruction, modern Europe gradually took shape.

With memory, we connect the past to the present. However, indignation, shame, self-interest, responsibility... Can all reconstruct and distort memories intentionally or unintentionally. If memory is to be reliable, it needs to withstand the rigorous test of history. From 1933 to 1945, the ambitions of the Third Reich created hell on earth and dragged the world into a bottomless abyss. Seventy years after the fall of the Nazis, history and memory are entangled. People try to find explanations for the incredible madness. Some people accuse in anger that anyone who acquiesces in and assists Nazi crimes should be counted as an accomplice; others cover up in shame and find reasons for what they have done. Did these people do what they did out of their own free will or under coercion? How much responsibility should they bear? How much historical truth has been concealed by the reconstruction, modification and beautification of disgraceful memories? "The Third Reich in History and Memory" provides answers to various difficult questions. Richard Evans, who has been studying Nazi Germany for more than 40 years, takes the responsibility of a historian to dialogue with the new academic achievements of the past two decades. He uses the sharpness and caution of a scholar to clear away the fog, penetrate the layers of constructed memories, and explore the true history of the Third Reich.

War often changes the social and economic map of a country. The widespread destruction caused by World War II completely tore apart family concepts. This book focuses on the experiences of six different characters who were caught up in this world war and in its aftermath.

In 1471, the bloody storm on the banks of the Sheron River was about to determine the fate of the Russian land... As the Muscovy Principality grew more powerful, Novgorod fell into panic. They began to seek help from foreign allies, seeking to combine the female mayor with the Lithuanian prince to resist Moscow's invasion. At the same time, the Catholic Church in Rome extended an olive branch to Grand Duke Ivan III of Moscow for a marriage, using the opportunity to marry the niece of the last Byzantine emperor as a bargaining chip in an attempt to revive the Holy See that was split between the East and the West. Muscovites also had their own plans: they would raise the banner of the "Third Rome." Facing the invincible Principality of Moscow, can the Novgorod Republic escape the fate of being annexed and take this piece of Russian land to the West?

In 1891, the Meiji Government's Development Envoy selected five female students to study in the United States with the Iwakura Mission. Their mission is to learn Western culture and rules, and after completing their studies, return to Japan to help cultivate a new generation of enlightened Japanese who will lead the country. In the end, only 3 of the 5 girls stayed in the United States to study. Yamakawa Shematsu, Tsuda Umeko and Nagai Shigeko all grew up in traditional samurai families. As Japan's first batch of government-sponsored overseas students, they immediately became celebrities once they arrived in the United States. While studying abroad, they stayed with American families. Under the influence of Western culture and education, they almost completely integrated into the local society and became typical American female students. Ten years later, they returned home after completing their studies, only to find that they had become strangers in their hometown. Under the fusion and collision of heterogeneous cultures, the girls strengthened their beliefs and moved forward, determined to contribute to Japan's education reform. In this revolution in female education: Yamakawa Shematsu promoted Japanese diplomacy and helped found the Japanese Red Cross; Tsuda Umeko founded Tsuda Juku University, a well-known Japanese institution; Nagai Shigeko also became a well-known educator at the time. This book is written through a large amount of archival materials and letters. Through the fascinating weaving of history and biography, the author shows the changes in the status and destiny of women during the Meiji Restoration, as well as the profound changes in Japanese society, politics, culture, and education.

In 1815, Napoleon defeated Waterloo, the Congress of Vienna calmed the situation, and the turbulent years temporarily came to an end until disaster struck in 1914. This was a century of surging waves and bursts of creativity in Europe, and a century of competition for power. For most of the time before 1815, people valued glory and honor. In the 19th century, people valued power more and more. After the collapse of the old system, various forces are eager to acquire and exercise power in order to put their views into practice. Nations compete for world power, governments pursue imperial power, revolutionaries plot to seize power, political parties compete for governing power, financiers and industrialists seek economic power, civilians long for democracy, women advocate for women's rights, the working class strives for political power, nations long for autonomy, artists challenge the authority of the academy, psychiatrists want to use the power of science to control human nature, and engineers want to prove that humans have power over nature. Country and country, people and people, people and nature... Everything is no longer what it used to be. The competition for power brought Europeans to the top of civilization and looked down upon the world, which also led to a war that destroyed Europe. In 1914, lights across Europe were going out one by one, and it would still take time to light them up.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Europe was prosperous and peaceful. Suddenly, the Europeans who had enjoyed all this were dragged into the Great War, experiencing deep suffering, sorrow and fear. After the Napoleonic Wars, Europe had been at the pinnacle of civilization for nearly a hundred years, but now it suddenly fell into the abyss of barbarism. The 20th century, which opened with the praises of civilization, turned into a century of war. From 1914 to 1949, Europe experienced two brutal wars in succession, and seemed determined to destroy itself. It was a time of great chaos. Ethnic hatred, territorial disputes, class conflicts, and economic crises have poisoned politics. Under the haze of war, the evil of human nature is revealed through machines and technology. It was also a time of great change. After the two wars, Europe, which had gone through hell, tried to be reborn on the ruins of humanity and civilization, and the outline of a new Europe gradually became clear. In the first half of the 20th century, Europe went to hell and was reborn. After this chilling history, the world we live in is moving forward bearing its mark.

This book details an in-depth study of Russian political economy, combined with the suffering of the Russian people in Tolstoy's era; as a writer, he was deeply concerned about the social environment of the Russians, and conducted many studies involving economics, sociology, psychology and philosophy, trying to help his compatriots find a way out of poverty and slavery.

Greek history is the origin of modern Western civilization and the cradle of human wisdom. This book concisely describes the historical overview of Greece from the early Bronze Age to its fall under the rule of the Roman Empire. It includes many events such as the Messenian War, overseas colonial activities, the Greco-Persian War, the Peloponnesian War, and Alexander's expedition. It explains their causes and impacts, and touches on many aspects such as the ancient Greek city-state system, philosophy, literature and art, and vividly and briskly outlines a magnificent picture of the development of ancient Greek civilization.

This book is a Greek history textbook written by Professor Miles. It recounts the history of Greece from the origins of Greek civilization to its conquest by Rome.

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This book is a medieval history textbook written by Professor Miles. It narrates the history from the Western Roman Empire to Columbus's discovery of the American continent.

Starting from the Meiji Restoration, Japan began its modernization process of leaving Asia and joining Europe; as the spiritual and ideological basis for the modernization of the nation-state, the concepts and practices of modern Japanese education starting from Yoshida Shoin have accumulated more than a century of experience of success or failure. "Education and Civilization: A Short History of Japanese General Education" is a combing and analysis of Japan's modern general education - known in Japan as "education" - over the past century. On the one hand, it can give us a glimpse of the deep ideological roots of Japan's modernization path; on the other hand, it can also provide reference for the university general education we are practicing.

Sai Lei tells history in a highly anthropomorphic way of the country, turning the country into a flesh-and-blood, cute and cute image. He removes the details of its history and condenses it into a general development line. He uses humorous language and a simple, popular and imaginative way to tell the development history of various countries in the world, so that readers can understand the general history of each country in the shortest possible time.

Why do friendly countries turn against each other? Why do some countries have deep resentments against each other? Germany vs France, Iran vs Iraq, China vs North Korea vs Japan, India vs Pakistan, Israel vs Arab... Master the relationship between 20 groups of hostile countries, understand the layout of 37 maps, and understand the complex global situation instantly. What do the distant wars and conflicts have to do with you and me? Whether it is ethnic antagonism, religious wars, competition for resources or border disputes, various struggles that have occurred in the past have not stopped in history, leading to endless wars in the Middle East, endless quarrels in Europe, and unending competition between the United States, Russia and China. And this world, which has never been peaceful, affects you and me, not only affecting the stock market volatility, the rise and fall of raw materials, affecting people's livelihood, economy and wallets, but also threatening homeland security, political changes, and determining whether a country has a place in the international community.

Melanesia is one of the three major island groups in the Pacific, meaning "Black Islands", including Fiji, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and New Caledonia (France) and other countries and regions. The residents are mainly Melanesians. The clear blue sky, tall palm trees, warm clear water, beautiful and charming white sand beaches, and primitive tribes and villages have become the characteristics of Melanesia tourism. This book provides a comprehensive and systematic introduction to Melanesia's natural and cultural tourism resources.

This book uses the traditional historical research method of textual research, cites a large number of ancient Korean books, and conducts a detailed examination of the author's background and sources of historical materials of official and private history books written in the early Joseon Dynasty to clarify their historical value. Particular attention is paid to the sources and writing process of relevant materials on the early history of the Korean Peninsula and the history of Goguryeo, as well as the influence of the partisanship, school, family background and other aspects of the early Joseon Dynasty on the history compilation work. The whole book studies the official history books "A Brief History of the Three Kingdoms", "History of Goryeo", "Tongguojian", and "Summary of the History of the Three Kingdoms", as well as the privately compiled history books "A Brief History of the Three Kingdoms" (three types), "Compiled Summary of the Eastern History", "History of the Three Kingdoms" There are 15 kinds of history books written in the early Joseon Dynasty, including Chronology of the Dynasties, Outline of the History of Ryeo, Compiled History of Ryeo, Supplement to the History of the East, Dongshi, General Catalog of the Historical Dynasties of the East Kingdom, and Compendium of the History of the East.

"World Modern History Research" is an academic annual journal sponsored by the World Modern History Research Center of Nankai University, a key humanities and social science research base of the Ministry of Education. It is oriented to domestic universities and research institutions and provides a forum for academic exchanges to promote and promote domestic research on world modern history. It has columns such as historical theoretical research, global history research, international relations history, regional and national history, doctoral student forums, debates, book reviews, historical materials, research reviews, etc. It has important academic value in promoting China's research on world modern history.

Sudan not only created the rich and splendid "Nubian civilization", but it is also the intersection of various civilizations such as black African civilization, Egyptian civilization, ancient Christian civilization, Islamic civilization, and modern Western civilization. This book adopts a writing method that focuses on the present and ignores the past, comprehensively introducing Sudan's national conditions, economy and trade, history, culture, customs and etiquette, etc., Highlighting scientificity, knowledge, history and readability. It aims to provide readers with systematic and brand-new Sudanese social and cultural knowledge, and provide entrepreneurs, businessmen and people from all walks of life engaged in foreign business exchanges with detailed and reliable knowledge and information.

The State of Kuwait is a small, wealthy Arab country. Its superior geographical location makes it known as the "Northeast Window of the Arabian Peninsula" and the "Pearl of the Gulf". This book outlines the main situation of Kuwait: geographical resources, historical evolution, political system, economic development, foreign policy, population and ethnicity, language and customs, religious beliefs, social culture, science and education, medical and health, and sports tourism. It focused on the relationship between Kuwait and China, including political, economic, trade, and cultural exchanges, with special attention to the current status and development of friendly exchanges between the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Kuwait.

This book describes the physical geography, natural resources, population and language, historical evolution, political system and economic development of the UAE; introduces the ethnic composition and religious beliefs of the UAE; talks about the folk customs and taboos in the UAE; focuses on the cultural fields of the UAE, including science, literature, education and education, sports, art, health, architecture, media, etc.; It describes the foreign policy of the UAE, outlines its relations with the United States, Russia, Britain, France and major Arab countries, and focuses on its relations with China, including the ongoing economic, trade and cultural exchanges between Ningxia and the UAE.

"The History of War" is a classic written by John Keegan, "the most outstanding war historian of our time", for every ordinary person in the civilized world. It takes the origin and changes of war as the main line, spans 4,000 years of historical time and space, and tells how war affects civilization and how war changes the destiny of human society. From the beginning of mankind to the modern world, war has never been far away. War is an important component of human activities and the main driving force for the evolution of civilization. It not only triggers a series of changes in politics, economy, science and technology, and culture, but also promotes the exchange and integration of agricultural civilization, nomadic civilization, and marine civilization.

Bangladesh is like a piece of green emerald, embedded in the subcontinent on the southern side of the Himalayas. The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet in its hinterland, making it the third largest river in the world. It is home to the Bengal tiger and has the longest natural beach in the world. In this beautiful land, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam have each taken the lead. It is a young country with a long history and rich culture. Since its independence in 1971, in less than 40 years, its democratic politics has gradually matured, and its economy and society have continued to develop, leaving a distinct and profound impression on the world. The friendly relations between Bangladesh and China are as long-standing as the Brahmaputra River and as indestructible as the Himalayas.

"British History II: Britain's Wars 1603-1776" is a history of British wars. In this volume, Simon Schama evokes the horrors of war, famine, and plague, burning cities, and the tragedy of broken families, where father and son are forced to choose opposition. But he also seized on the intimacy of palace and parliament and the lure of profit and pleasure. In the contradictions and conflicts, the life of the British aristocracy is shown. These conflicts were fought between Ireland and Scotland, between Parliament and the Crown. Thousands of people lost their lives trying to break the illusion of a "United Kingdom". A greater proportion of the population than died in World War I. When religious passion gives way to profit-generating consumerism, it has the potential to transform Britain into a collective Britannia held together by a commitment to being a "successful business." After several generations of management, Britain expanded rapidly, and it was accumulating energy to become a powerful empire rarely seen in world history.

"British History III: The Fate of the Empire (1776-2000)" starts from the 1870s. How can one allow oneself to be free from too many areas of the world. A country that did not trust its own military became a military power. With the help of ambition, slaves, and brave explorers, Britain built a powerful empire and planted its flag across the globe. It controlled the colonies through its addictive trade in tea, sugar and coffee. The British Empire promised peace, stability and prosperity. But both Ireland and India were similarly plagued by violence and famine. At the end of the book, Simon Schama falls into meditation on the past history of Britain in the 20th century. It explores Britain's fate in the two world wars and the depressing and uneasy post-war peace.

A History of Britain I: At the Edge of the World? (3000BC-AD1603)" covers over 1,500 years of British history, from the first Roman invasion to the extraordinary reign of Queen Elizabeth. The perspective of this book starts from the birth of civilization to the Norman Conquest, from the religious wars, the dark Middle Ages to the national turmoil of Henry II; the outbreak of the Black Death, which almost destroyed half of the population of Europe, the intricate conflicts of the Tudor Dynasty, and the conflict between Elizabeth I and Mary Queen of Scots constitute the main content of this volume. Through the story itself, a network of interrelated themes is explored - why a nation-state was formed, the struggle between the oppressors and the oppressed, and the internal driving forces of history are all evident during the period.

Between 1911 and 1923, a series of wars gradually engulfed the Ottoman Empire and its dependent states. People think they already know this history very well, but in fact they know far less. The author of this book, Sean McMeekin, shows us a brand-new history of the Ottoman Empire based on the latest disclosed information. Based on the author's groundbreaking research into Ottoman and Russian archives made public this year, The End of the Ottoman Empire reveals the underlying strategic causes that still influence the new instability in the postwar Middle East today. Through his astonishing storytelling abilities, McMeekin recreates an epic story from the perspective of the Ottoman Empire. The most commendable thing is that when describing a war with multiple complexities and multiple belligerents, he may exercise the restraint of a true scholar and maintain a neutral attitude toward all parties. On the other hand, McMeekin brilliantly reconstructs the impact of World War I on the world and the subsequent overthrow of the Ottoman Empire in this book, records the birth of modern Turkey and how other countries carved up the territory of the empire, and provides a new perspective on the ethnic and religious massacres and forced population migration during the demise of the Ottoman Empire. Through this book, the origins of various aspects of the modern Middle East's problems are made known to the public.

Germany produced Goethe, Bach, Kant, Marx, and Hitler. It played an extremely important role in the balance of power in Europe, but it could never find a satisfactory identity or even a stable boundary. How factors such as the unification process, industrialization, colonial movements and military expansion combined to promote the rise of the empire; how Germany became an important force that completely broke the balance of power in Europe and remained at the center of the European historical stage forever. In the course of history, except for the period from the Franco-Prussian War to the Treaty of Versailles, no other period could shape and change Germany so completely. It is impossible to deeply understand the roots of the First and Second World Wars without ignoring the brilliant performance of the German Empire during this period of history.

Based on the diary of an executioner who has been buried in a corner for a long time, the author leads readers back to the Renaissance and into the unknown inner world of Franz Schmidt, the most famous executioner in Nuremberg. Harrington recreates the ups and downs of Franz's life in this book, allowing readers to meet the ruthless thief, the smooth-talking liar, the tragic unwed mother (convicted of infanticide), as well as the aristocratic parliamentarian, the devout priest, and the greedy jailer. Harrington peels back the cocoon, unraveling the unspeakable secret behind Franz, and presents the process of his efforts to wash away the hereditary shame imposed on himself, and the process of atonement for his humble social status and the future of his descendants.

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London, England, is known as the "Fog City". The typical "London fog" appeared in the industrial era in the early 19th century and was the first globally "famous" case of air pollution. It didn't end until the passage of the Clean Air Act in the 1960s. In the book, Cotton describes the "beauty" and dangers of the London Fog, as well as its lasting impact on culture and people's perceptions. The London Fog transformed city life, blurring moral and social boundaries. And it has also become a "gift" for artists, appearing in the works of writers such as Charles Dickens and Henry James, as well as in the paintings of painters such as Whistler and Monet. The author combines the sensitivity of history and literature to try to show readers the "London Fog", a peculiar urban scene in the industrial era.

"Time Map" opens up the timeline, places the history of mankind in the history of the biosphere and even the entire universe, and tells the "Big History" (Big History) of the universe, the earth, life, and mankind from the Big Bang to the present. Big History is a new attempt. In an era when academics and knowledge are increasingly fragmented, it breaks down disciplinary boundaries and integrates biology, archaeology, physics, history and other disciplines to provide today's readers with integrated new knowledge.

"Time Map" opens up the timeline, places the history of mankind in the history of the biosphere and even the entire universe, and tells the "Big History" (Big History) of the universe, the earth, life, and mankind from the Big Bang to the present. Big History is a new attempt. In an era when academics and knowledge are increasingly fragmented, it breaks down disciplinary boundaries and integrates biology, archaeology, physics, history and other disciplines to provide today's readers with integrated new knowledge.

Wells' "A Brief History of the World" (also translated as "Outline of World History") has eight parts and thirty-eight chapters, starting from the earth in the universe and ending with the First World War, recreating the rise and fall of ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, the United Kingdom, the United States, France and other superpowers. The author peels off the long and complicated historical materials and presents them one by one, in a simple and easy-to-understand narrative manner, making it a hearty read. It can be called a world history like "Historical Records". Once this book was published in 1920, it immediately caused a sensation and was reprinted many times.

In "Glorious France" we can see the glory of France. That is the spiritual wealth that belongs to all mankind. In these beautiful articles, the author Mr. Fan Zeng deeply appreciated the brilliance of human nature and the achievements of politicians, philosophers and artists in China and France. This is an eternal and immortal existence!

"Jianshui Ji" is a meditation on classical life, architecture, and craftsmanship; it is also a work by the poet Yu Jian who asks what "poetically dwelling" means. In the winter of 2015, Yu Jian brought Belgian sinologist John Mai to Jianshui. McJohn has been immersed in Chinese culture for decades. He sighed in Jianshui that the China he has been looking for all his life is here. In the late 14th century, the Ming court "moved the surnames from China to Yunnan". In the past 20 to 30 years, hundreds of thousands of immigrants have left their homes and moved to Yunnan. This is a team composed of experts and masters in the world of life. They brought various seeds of craftsmanship from the Central Plains and Jiangnan to build a dream paradise according to the "construction method" formed in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

"A Brief History of the World at the British Museum" was written by the director of the British Museum and jointly produced by the British Museum and the BBC. It selects 100 items from the British Museum's 8 million collections and tells the story of 2 million years of human history. It lasted four years, mobilized more than 100 librarians, and involved more than 400 experts. When it was broadcast on the BBC, it set a record of 11 million people listening at the same time. As soon as the book was published, it ranked first on the major bestseller lists in the UK. The American version entered the New York Times non-fiction bestseller list in the first week after its release. It stayed on the list for more than 4 months and was selected as the Sunday Times History Book of the Year and the Daily Telegraph Best Book of the Year. The New York Times praised this as "a world history writing project that only the British Museum can accomplish in the world, and an unprecedented contribution in human history."

This book is divided into six volumes: the mixing of races, the formation of nations, the Renaissance and the Reformation and maritime power, parliamentary freedom and overseas expansion, overseas Chinese politics and the early days of the industrial revolution, maritime power in the machine age and the approach to democratic politics. In chronological order, it describes the major events of British dignitaries from ancient times to 1918. At the same time, it does not forget to discuss social development based on the country's economic status, political system and overseas undertakings. It is a comprehensive historical reading that is both academic and interesting.

"Compendium of World Ancient History" is a collection of essays by the master historian Lei Haizong, including "Chinese Culture and Chinese Soldiers", "Compendium of Chinese History", "Compendium of World Ancient History", "Lei Haizong's Miscellaneous Essays", "Lei Haizong's Contemporary Essays", "Lei Haizong's Historical Essays" and a total of six works. It is a comprehensive collection of Mr. Lei Haizong's academic achievements and essays, and is of great collection and academic value.

"The German Eagle: The History of Germany in Heraldry" mainly uses the changes of the German Eagle - the Black Eagle Heraldry as a clue, and explores the role and function of the Black Eagle Heraldry in the construction of the German nation. From the Imperial Eagle's inheritance of the Roman Empire, to the Prussian Eagle and the construction of the German nation-state, to the Republican Eagle and the establishment and failure of the modern German state - the Weimar Republic, to the Federal Eagle and the reconstruction of the modern state, the Black Eagle coat of arms has witnessed and recorded the history of the German country for more than a thousand years and has become the most important symbol of the German state. The appendix introduces the origin and meaning of the state emblems of the 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany, as well as the changes in German university emblems and the spirit of the times.

The author Ian Kershaw uses ten chapters to examine ten interrelated political decisions with huge military impact made by six major countries including the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy and Japan during World War II from May 1940 to December 1941. From Britain's decision to persist in fighting Germany, to Germany's decision to declare war on the United States after Pearl Harbor, to Hitler's decision to exterminate the Jews on the European continent, these decisions transformed two separate wars on the Eurasian continent into a truly global conflict. Although at the end of 1941, the war was still in progress for more than three years, the outcome of World War II was already determined at this time.

The author uses concise and concise language to sort out the complex and wide-ranging historical events of the Hundred Years' War between England and France. He traces the changes that ultimately led to France's victory during the war, and vividly reproduces the intrigue and interest in medieval European epics, painting a fascinating picture of medieval war for readers.