Elegy of the Tang Dynasty

I have read many books, starting from the history of Tang Zhuan's pitfall, and my thinking ability has become stronger and stronger. From the initial comfort of saving the turning point, this book is not so much about time travel, but more about witnessing and struggling. There are too many lucidities, which will always break my dreams. However, this book is true, and it is the bloody reality written by Lu Xun. It is not just the class that determines the position, but also a true people's view of history. The general trend of history will never depend on individuals. When going upstream, there may be forks and crossroads, but there will never be a way back. Every life living behind the dim pages is the ballast stone of this big ship. History has never belonged to nobles and nobles, let alone emperors and gods. Maybe it will The master of the ZTE is just a reflection of the social body. Each people is small enough, but large enough. The unfilled stomach and shrinking land are natural enemies. The hungry mouths will devour everyone who does not know their own capabilities. The heroic view of history that you and I are obsessed with will always be an unquenchable fire in our hearts. They can be generous, they can be Yun Zheng, they can be Fang Xing, they can be Wei Heifu, it doesn't matter who they are. People who can't fill their stomachs can't see the dawn of the future. So among the common people, they are Zhang Xun who bucked the trend. Kaishen of 45 years will sooner or later be burned by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, lighting up the light of reality. But for novels, we must recognize their artistry, so their popularity is not without reason. This is also the reason why I like this book. Its artistry lies in being able to truly reveal the core of history, the real general trend, and spread these in a popular way. Great, I have to say, this is a rare work of art. Here, I briefly record my insignificant subjective feelings in words. If it goes against the opinions of friends, please bear with me. Water has various flavors, but people are different. No matter how high or low, everyone has their own opinions, and the Tao is in it. {"TopicId":"933770901756641280","TopicName":"What are the truths that reading novels can make you understand"}

Recommendation index: five stars➕ Reason for recommendation: It has the elegance of the Moon Shadow Sycamore, with detailed historical research, but does not pile up allusions. As the plot progresses, the picture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty is slowly unfolded, subtly allowing readers to feel the vivid warmth of historical details. At the same time, the plot is unconventional. The decline of the Tang Dynasty was not caused by one or two people. It had its inherent social causes of disintegration, so it was not possible to continue it with one or two clever tricks. The author repeatedly reminds us not to underestimate the wisdom of the ancients. Many methods are not unexpected, but have objective resistance that conflicts with the social framework of the time. As for the protagonist, he will not waste his whole life just for his own enjoyment, nor will he consider himself a savior in an attempt to change the world. About how he struggled to move forward and lived a wonderful life in the false peace before the chaos of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, please read chapter by chapter, each chapter is worth subscribing. Recommended by 10-year-old bookworms, please don't miss it if you are a history fan or an old reader who is tired of white prose.

Let's talk about my views on creative double penetration The big and small of double penetration is very clever. The generous is just the footnote of traditional historical texts. It treats the symptoms but not the root cause. Although it does temporarily hinder the wheel of history, it will also accumulate strength for the wheel of history. All of a sudden Just like the whole prosperous Tang Dynasty, Xiaofang is a real person who does his best in everything. Although he is cheering for the wheel of history, looking back and thinking about it, Xiaofang has achieved his own optimal solution, or he is the elite of the era. The optimal solution, the perspective of comparison is so refreshing. Xiaofang will also follow the Tang Dynasty on a different path than the original one. Maybe he will sing triumphantly, maybe he will be surrounded by dangers. However, this is also the choice of history. Please wait and see. In the afterglow of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Listening to an elegy is like resentment, and then burying the beauty and pride, sowing the seeds of hope for the future, elegy, sending off the dead, calling the police, Qi Yuanzhe, although there are twists and turns, finally begging for the sweetheart to be by your side 😃😃😃

The last few chapters are really good, and heroic political figures are very attractive.

Jishuai, you know!

If An Lushan dies, the first question is, have the conflicts at the bottom of the Tang Dynasty been eliminated? My answer is no. Because whether An Lushan rebels or not, whether he dies or not, will not affect the collapse of the Renthutiao. Second question, will Li Longji and the upper class dignitaries of the Tang Dynasty change their extravagant life style? My answer is no. History books have proven this to us. The extravagant desires of the feudal ruling class are not affected by the rise and fall of the dynasty. The third question, will the financial situation be better? Still not. After answering these three points, we have a basic understanding that war will still break out. The fourth question, who caused the war? My answer is that he has a similar background to An Lushan, or it comes from people from the ethnic groups and regions that supported An Lushan the most when he rebelled. The fifth question is, after the war breaks out, will those who once supported An Lushan support the new rebels? My answer is yes. Then the sixth question is answered. That is, how does the new rebellion compare with An Lushan in terms of the territory it occupies, its general strategic guidelines, and its economic and military strength? The answer is pretty much the same. The seventh question is, what impact does the little butterfly of the protagonist and the big butterfly of his father have? My answer is an extreme pasting on the one hand, and a pragmatic overthrow on the other. Why? Judging from the previous article, Fang Youde thought that just killing An Lushan and his group would be enough. His behavior is also very extreme. So what will happen to him when someone still rebels? The first is anger, and the second is that based on his existing knowledge, he promoted famous people like Guo Ziyi to suppress and deposed some incompetent ones. Is it even possible that when he thought everything was fine, new rebels attacked Chang'an, and he died defending the city with his ideals shattered? This had a great shock to the protagonist, prompting him to complete a psychological transformation. The protagonist rises through the ranks during the war and eventually leads the reform of the Tang Empire. But reform must be realistic. I've read too many time-travel history books, but the reform is still the same old thing, and I'm tired of reading it. It is nothing more than new ideas, new technologies, and stronger productivity. The eighth question, if you don't write about reform, what should you write about? I think it's a farmer! In ancient China, there were scholars, farmers, industry and commerce. Starting from Shang Yang's reform, the Qin State's farming war system, to the peasant uprisings in the past dynasties, to the concept of rural areas surrounding cities. There are farmers everywhere. Since the author wants to write a good online article and grasp the historical context, he cannot avoid farmers. The ninth question, how to write about farmers? What aspects do you write about farmers? Writing about farmers, one cannot avoid the land. There are nothing more than two issues surrounding land, one is the issue of production and the other is the issue of production relations. For production issues, more advanced composting technology, more advanced tools, and more productive species can be introduced. What about production relations? Clan, powerful, aristocratic family. How should the protagonist deal with it? The ninth question is internal, and the tenth question is external. Do you want to expand overseas? Fuso, Goguryeo, Ryukyu, Nanzhao. And overseas. In fact, historical articles seem to be very samey because everyone writes about these aspects. But the author wants to write something different, so I want to know how the author will write the external part. These are digressions, let's come back to the issues of war, land and production relations. The Anshi Rebellion was a turning point in the Tang Dynasty's transition from prosperity to decline. The eleventh question, what about the damage caused by the new rebels? As mentioned earlier, the new rebels' economic and military strength in the territory is similar to that of An Lushan. Without the protagonist, the damage to Tang should be similar. But now we have introduced the variable of the protagonist. Assuming that the protagonist is very powerful, this is nonsense, the protagonist must be powerful. So will the protagonist reduce these injuries? The answer is yes, otherwise what else would I write? New problem, how to reduce it? The answer is still the relationship between land and production. My idea is this. First of all, the protagonist should have an opportunity to travel to the Tang Dynasty, get to know the scenery of various places, and know the living conditions of farmers in various places. I really want to see this. Second, the protagonist accumulated military merit and fame in this war and carried out his revolution in the Tang Dynasty. Originally, I wrote it casually in the description of this chapter. I posted it in the book circle at the invitation of the author. I originally wrote it two days ago, but maybe I wrote too much later. I don't know if it triggered sensitive words, so I have to rewrite it again now that it is under review. Personally, I like to see things in more detail and dig out new issues, such as the energy crisis problem that the charcoal seller reacted to. I like to read more about the customs and customs of various places in the Tang Dynasty and the living conditions of scholars, peasants, industrialists and merchants. After thinking about the above ten questions, they are still a bit empty. Let me talk about two more points. If you want to develop the economy, I think there are two actual policies, one is logistics and the other is specialty products. Logistics is very important, but it is rarely mentioned in historical novels. Most of them are about hegemony, palace battles, and wars. But logistics is definitely a top priority for economic development. Logistics is divided into two points, one is the road and the other is the vehicle. If you want to get rich, you must first build roads. Only when the roads are built can the inland economy be revitalized and people can exchange what they need. But few historical writers write about this. Most of them write about water control in the Yellow River, but they rarely mention road construction, how to build it, and how long it will be. The second vehicle is that in ancient times, cattle, horses, and mules were used to pull carts in the inland areas. There were many water systems in the south, and bulk goods were pulled by boats. Not only did the cargo capacity be large, but additional fodder was not consumed. The next step is to develop steam engines, internal combustion engines, and build trains. Second point, specialty products. Why do we say specialty products? First of all, an important role of commerce is to exchange what is needed. Each region has different resource endowments. Even modern economic development requires the development of regional economies based on local conditions. In ancient times, people largely relied on the sky for food. They relied on whatever was in the soil for food. Only by writing these two points well can Datang's economy be revitalized.

The prosperous Tang Dynasty, an elegy. The prosperous Tang Dynasty refers to the period from Kaiyuan to Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty when the economy, politics, culture, and military reached its peak. Elegies are songs sung before people are buried after death. The meaning of the title of the book is clear at a glance. This book rarely adopts a father-son double-travel mode. His father Da Fang wants to save the Tang Dynasty, and his son Xiao Fang also wants to save the Tang Dynasty (Dongwu). However, the father and son have differences on the great issue of how to save the Tang Dynasty. Dafang believed that saving the Tang Dynasty should start from the military, supplemented by human resources, so Dafang punched the Northeastern minorities, subdued the Bohai Kingdom, destroyed the Turkic Khanate, Zhennanzhao, killed the Yang brothers and sisters and An Lushan, so that the Tang Dynasty would never lose its splendor; Xiao Fang had a different idea. Military alone could not save the Tang Dynasty, so Xiao Fang decided to focus on economic and military , Political multi-faceted approach, the first step is to build the Hexi smuggling network, revitalize the economy of the northwest region of the Tang Dynasty, and reduce the burden on the central finance; the second step, after Li Heng's death, support Li Shen to sit on the throne of the prince, and order the kings to enfeoff around Chang'an, and build a new royal family balance system; the third step, attack the most threatening regime around the Tang Dynasty, the Tubo Empire, and collapse their control over the Longyou River The offensive in the West caused internal strife and the inability to deal with external disputes in the short term; the fourth step was to establish the Jiaozi economic system of the Tang Dynasty, replace precious metal currency and silk currency with paper currency, and leave a large amount of materials vacant as social wealth; the fifth step was to establish farming in the Ili Valley of the Western Regions, making it a new logistics point in the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty, using Issyk-Kul Lake as waterway transportation, which greatly Relieving the logistical pressure in the Western Regions, step six... (Not yet completed) The author uses two people to leverage history and push the details of history to turn in another direction. While the overall framework of the prosperous Tang Dynasty remains unchanged, small changes are made, making this prosperous age more and more dazzling like fire cooking oil. The Tang Dynasty is convinced by all parties, glorious and great, and stands proudly in the east of the world. At that time, Ji Ge, a world-renowned artist, politician, writer, and Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, commented on this: "My Tang Dynasty is really invincible in the world!" "Comparable to Yao and Shun? Yao and Shun are, after all, human beings, and I am a god, an omnipotent god!" "The Tang Dynasty is a kingdom of gods on earth, and I am the god who rules the Kingdom of God!" The author's plot development within the broad framework is very sophisticated, and shows the characteristics of outstanding historical writing. It still maintains the trend of exerting force even when it is about to reach the critical point of two million words, and there is no lack of stamina. However, it is not difficult to see the author's lack of writing power in the writing. He cannot describe many scenes and shots well, and the descriptions of dialogues and narrations appear "too white". This is also a major flaw of the author. Without gorgeous words, he cannot build up the magnificence of natural treasures. However, the description of the characters is just right, and the characters are not written in a way that is both necessary and necessary, changing day by day, inconsistent in appearance, and useless. This can be regarded as making up for the shortcomings of poor writing, so you don't need to be surprised to see words and phrases that are too close to modernization in the text. The problem is that the author does not have the ability to write better. Please forgive me for the protagonist's somewhat saintly behavior from time to time. For example, the protagonist went all the way to find coal to solve the problem of high energy for the people of Chang'an, or when he was the governor of Shazhou and defied the autumn defense order regardless of his own interests, it can only be said that he wanted to be a human being. , I have read two books by the author. The protagonists both choose to be a modern person with some empathy in the ancient times when class exploitation was severe. It is too difficult to help him, and he will not be like the Holy Mother. He will help him if he can do it easily. If he is successful, he will help the world, and if he is poor, he will help. The idea of being independent is well reflected in the protagonist. He is also trying his best to help the Tang Dynasty overcome the difficulties and seek political power in his position. He still has the most basic professional qualities. He knows that he can marry the daughter of the emperor's adopted son and become an assassin in a state before he is ten years old. History, but at a young age, he served as the governor and military envoy of a place. Who gave him the power to oversee the military and political affairs of a place? He would not do such ungrateful behavior as eating other people's food and smashing other people's bowls. Of course, it is hard to say how long the person who gave the food would live. As the plot progresses, the deeper historical context of the entire Tang Dynasty is revealed, the complex social form of the Tang Dynasty is analyzed, and the relationships between the characters and the political, military, and economic situations are sorted out. Thanks to the author "Taibai"'s writing style, even a person like me who has little reading can understand it. ——"Elegy of the Tang Dynasty" reveals to you the Tang Dynasty, the granary of abundant resources and treasures before the Anshi Rebellion, which was equivalent to the fire dragon burning the granary. Finally, congratulations to Lao Jian for his "Elegy of the Tang Dynasty" being so popular. It's not easy.

Reading here is really about learning skills. I feel like after time travel, every day I think hard and remember the governor, I will be reincarnated in vain. The art of war is like a god. Traveling through the Three Kingdoms, I read Meng Qi's new book, what a joke! Listing the cases of the governors should allow Cao Cao to burn his books. Really, before I saw the sword, I thought I was born Zhuge Liang. It was too easy to travel back in time to just fire, fire, attack and ambush. When I saw the governor, please stay, I really felt the helplessness and admiration of the ancient enemy generals who looked at Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang (exercise version) as a wise general. Damn it, how could the other side use troops like this? If it were me, I wouldn't be able to defeat the opponent even if I open the map. This elegy of the prosperous Tang Dynasty is even more vivid, with bright and dark lines intertwining, bringing more possibilities to the book. Especially beautiful. When the protagonist uses his methods, his methods are "new" and "clever", and the imaginative strategies are all taken from the long history by the author. They are completely ancient methods but in my opinion "incomparably novel". After all, it is a self-created plot from beginning to end, not a "remake" like other authors' plot cakes written by other authors, covered with a layer of chocolate jam. The most important thing is that this novel plot is really practical, so the sense of immersion is particularly realistic. Unexpected strategies and policies have achieved natural results. The feeling of the plot is really a hearty burst of waves of exhilaration. As a Shennong who has taken countless "ancient medicines" and "precious medicines", it is true that the jelly grass written by a rational author is of the "magic medicine" level. You can read both books, and they will allow you to regain the joy of "new" reading and relive your second life.

Let's talk about the history of taking the blame and looking at development. Management of fruit and place management can be simply compared to planting trees. There are those who plant trees and those who pick fruits. Because the process is long, there is a high probability that they are not the same person. The sweet fruit you eat may be because the tree planter planted it well, the fruit picking time may be good, or you may eat a bunch of rotten fruit. But as long as the fruit is sweet, everyone has contributed and everything is in peace. Let's focus on the situation when the fruit is not sweet. There are many angles on how to divide the pot at this time. A relatively simple and crude way of dividing the pot is: this fruit picker is not good enough, so I will fire him and step down. It is indeed possible that the fruit is picked too early and becomes sour, or that it is picked too late and rots. There is also a more rational point of view: Is there something wrong with the fruit transportation process? Or left it for too long? The most difficult thing to discuss is the issue of planting trees. Are the seeds chosen correctly? How were the pests treated during the growth process? These problems often require long-term testing, and when it comes to testing, everyone will focus on the person who picked the fruit. Whoever picked the fruit or detonated the powder keg will take the blame. If you view history as a continuous development, then your focus is different from that of ordinary people. Then you have to search for a lot of information that most people do not pay attention to to confirm your point of view. Because of the information gap, it is very difficult for such a point of view to be recognized. This is where the truth is difficult. The biggest difference between people is the way they think. There is a big difference between patting one's head and long-term planning. This is why some people say that choice is more important than hard work, so I think choice is linked to your vision, which includes the information you collect and your analytical ability. This also proves that people can only make money within the scope of their own cognition. An Lushan may not be the fruit picker. Let's define him as the tree cutter. So the question is, are there only disadvantages to cutting down trees? There is a concept in forestry called canopy closure. Too dense and tall trees may block light and suffocate relatively low vegetation. At this time, it is necessary to manually cut off the branches of the big tree, or even cut down some trees. Of course, some people cut down trees too roughly and hurt many innocent people, but they indirectly made the entire forest live longer, even a little bit longer. Of course, his original intention may have been to cut down the forest, but his strength did not allow it, and he died of exhaustion after only cutting half of it. What I mean is that what you want to do subjectively may end up with the opposite result. Then what the public sees is only what you want to do subjectively, and the conclusion drawn by the public is that if you don't cut down the trees, the forest will live longer, because this is obvious. But experts sometimes give conclusions that are contrary to our common sense

Seeing that the author wants to move the capital and immigrate, I will say more. To solve the problem of population migration, the passive price is human lives, and the active price is money and food + human lives. It is difficult to achieve the purpose of immigration by relying on economic incentives alone. On the contrary, it will easily lead to emotional abuse and achieve half the result with twice the effort. Modern people can defraud subsidies and guarantees, make things out of nothing, borrow chickens to lay eggs, and ancient people can do the same. Forced military villages and semi-forced civilian villages are both indispensable. As the Han immigrants moved south, the happier their lives became, the more miserable the local aborigines became. There is no need to deny this. The development process of Jiangnan is the process of Han people invading the local indigenous people. Whether it is the integration of ethnic groups or the lighting of the fire of civilization, the Han people enjoy the fruits, but the cost of their lives is by no means limited to the Han people. Dredging the canal is a good idea. It organizes large-scale manpower to participate in large projects, and it is also a hidden way of immigration (rewarded with land). However, large-scale crowd gatherings are also prone to bad things. See Jialu and Tuotuo River Repair in the late Yuan Dynasty. This means that when organizing large projects, you must have sufficient authority or credibility, otherwise it is better to engage in small projects with controllable risks. A canal is never a single river, and canal management is also very troublesome. Weir or gate? It depends on the canal's traffic volume and economic value. The greater the traffic volume, the higher the economic value, and the more worthy it is to repair the gate. The construction and maintenance costs of locks are higher than that of weirs, and the advantage is that the passage of ships is convenient. Historically, the Grand Canal used weirs in the Tang Dynasty, and the locks were changed from the weirs to locks in the early Song Dynasty until the weirs were completed in the reign of Emperor Huizong. The Grand Canal's capacity is limited. The upper limits of tanker traffic between the Sui-Tang Grand Canal and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are similar, with no significant difference. In the Song Dynasty, weirs were converted into locks, and the Grand Canal's canal traffic volume was usually 6 to 7 million Song Shi. In the Ming Dynasty, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal started from the Chenghua quota, and the water tanker traffic was 4 million Song Shi. If converted into tons, it was about 384,000 tons (6.5 Million tons) in the Song Dynasty. After the Chenghua quota in the Ming Dynasty, it was about 364,000 tons. Transportation exceeding this amount is an unsustainable contingency. Immigration to the south, how the shipping capacity is allocated will also test the level of governance. Another way to expand the canal traffic is to extend the traffic time. The Grand Canal Tongji Canal (Bianhe River) has to be closed in winter due to ice in the Yellow River, which will lead to a lack of water supply and a drop in water level (the transport capacity will also be reduced, because large ships cannot be used and need to be transshipped). It generally lasts more than 200 days. The historical solution was to divert the Luo River to the Bianhe River and build a pitang (which can be simply understood as a reservoir) system to ensure the water level of the Bianhe River in winter. Of course, the canal network is a better way. Guangji River (connects to central and western Shandong), Cai River (connects to southern Henan and northern Anhui), and Tang River (connects to southwestern Henan, but how to connect with Jinshui River and Cai River is difficult and has not been done historically). If the river traffic from Henan to Hubei could be reopened, it would be very beneficial to the development of Dongting Lake, but this has not been done historically. Developing Jiangnan cannot be without economic returns. Relying solely on land output is too slow. Opening up maritime trade, developing handicrafts (to absorb more people) and commerce are essential. There are two or three people in a household in the south of the Yangtze River. When the commodity economy is active, labor force is more important than money. Whether it is the implementation of the two-tax law or the implementation of the labor service system, it is more likely to succeed. At least there will be no opposition like the big families in the north (on average, when there are five or six people in a household. The labor force is not valuable, and it is easier to accept the labor service system out of profit considerations). When Jiangnan and Huguang can provide economic support, there will inevitably be demands for political status. If you do not plan to abolish the imperial examination system, then you must be prepared to separate the tracks or the north-south list system. The longer-term plan is to develop education in the south. Whether it is forcing temples to provide money and land to set up academies, or encouraging celebrities to open academies, the long-term status of Jiangnan depends on the popularity of education, not just the economy, because the economy can make Jiangnan strong, and education can make Jiangnan and the court work together. There is a problem that needs to be solved in setting up an academy, which is the problem that people in the Tang Dynasty valued their family rather than their teachers. Being ashamed of being a teacher can never be covered up by Mencius' "The trouble with people is that it is good to be a teacher." This is the legacy of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it is also one of the reasons why the imperial examination system is hated by the powerful. The most thorough way to solve it is force. Historically, this was achieved through the ten kingdoms of the late Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties, and eight out of ten of the population. I am looking forward to how the author can solve this problem without resorting to force. Too much nonsense, sorry. Have a good weekend.

The new chapter (658) saw that Liu Yan was in charge of financial planning, and happened to turn to a story about Liu Yan, taking the opportunity to talk about water transportation and salt administration in parts of the Tang and Song Dynasties. This story is called Liu Yan buying millet and knowing the price immediately. It comes from Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan·Guan Zheng Yi". Shen Kuo also heard people mention it. Liu Yan was responsible for the financial planning of the southeast (he held several envoy posts), with the most important focus on water transportation. Water transportation is not only transportation, but more importantly, it is to raise grain and fodder, and it is to pay for millet (buy grain), not to force conscription. Liu Yan was preparing to transport grain, and did not wait for the local government to report grain prices before making overall arrangements for the purchase. Instead, counties in grain-producing areas with convenient transportation (Duosu Tongtu Counties) were selected and asked to report the prices and quantities of local grain purchased in the previous decades. The superior agencies sorted the products into five categories based on the prices and quantities reported by these counties. Before the grain harvest that year, Liu Yan would order preparations for purchase. The first-class purchase price (the highest purchase price in previous years) is matched with the fifth-class purchase quantity (the lowest purchase quantity in previous years), and the second-class purchase price is matched with the fourth-class purchase quantity. And so on. In short, the higher the purchase price level, the smaller the pre-order volume, and conversely, the higher the pre-order volume. Local officials can arrange for the grain to be stored in the warehouse after collecting the grain according to the pre-purchase amount. If the pre-purchase volume for the current year is more than needed, then reduce the purchase volume from counties with high purchase price. If the pre-purchase volume is less than expected, then increase the purchase volume from counties with low purchase price. This method of pre-purchase + post-adjustment avoids losses caused by fluctuations in grain prices when the local government reports grain prices and then distributes rice. The Song Dynasty suffered this loss. After Shen Kuo heard about it, he applied this method to the shipping department at that time. The effect was very good and "everyone got what he wanted". Liu Yan, with his outstanding talents and conduct, as well as his lucky independence (the prime minister delegated power and did not interfere), reorganized the canals and water transportation for the Tang Dynasty after the Anshi Rebellion, and managed it properly, successfully renewing the Tang Dynasty's finances. One of the most important points is the salt policy reform. Whether Liu Yan buys rice, raises the ship price, pays the actual freight, or even builds a patrol hospital, it is impossible to make a living without rice. Salt policy is Liu Yan's management of water transportation capital. The official salt is first determined and then handed over to merchants for sale. Under the leadership of Liu Yan, the Tang government did not directly participate in the sale of salt, but was like a shareholder waiting for dividends. The merchants sold salt to make profits and distributed it to Tang Ting (Liu Yan). These salt profits gave Liu Yan the confidence to dare to spend money and know how to spend money. In addition, Liu Yan gave official salt merchants a special privilege. They sold salt in the market tax-free (actually a tax reform benefit). As for whether these businessmen will do anything else by taking advantage of their tax-free privileges, that is another matter. At least Liu Yan completed the task beyond expectations. Back to the salt policy. The reason why Liu Yan's salt policy reform will have immediate results is related to the special status of salt. As a daily necessity and important seasoning, salt is needed by almost everyone. As long as it is official salt, whether it is official or commercial, there is no distinction between salt tax and salt profit. As a government revenue, it is close to a poll tax. After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty lost a large number of registered households, and the tax-paying system based on household registration existed in name only. This was the main reason for the Tang Dynasty's fiscal bankruptcy crisis - it could not find so many people to collect taxes (in 755, more than 8.91 Million households; in 760, more than 2.93 Million households). These lost household registrations may be dead or may have escaped. Regardless of the dead, the living must always eat salt, even if they are not in the official register. The government may not be able to sell salt to runaways and hermits, but salt merchants can. Amid internal and external troubles such as the separatist feudal rule in Hebei and the intrusion of Tubo Uighurs, Tang Ting had no energy to reorganize household registration. Liu Yan's salt policy reform allowed Tang Ting to restore some of its connections with the lost population. In terms of income, Tang Ting barely survived the bankruptcy crisis, which was a success for Liu Yan. But this kind of success is just giving Datang painkillers. Liu Yan may have had far-sighted ideas, but history did not give him time. He could not be saved by using Yong, and it would be difficult for the Tang Dynasty to revive. After Liu Yan, the Tang Dynasty's control over the canal gradually declined, and the water transport operation also declined. Successors failed to recreate Liu Yan's legend. First, Liu Yan's achievements were accidental (the right time, place, and people), and second, the power, talent, character, and autonomy of his successors were not comparable to Liu Yan's. The person closest to Liu Yan was Pei Du, a native of Xianzong. He maintained his integrity, could deter lawlessness, reversed the decline of water transportation, and accumulated 1.2 Million shi of surplus grain for the Tang court in three years. It's a pity that after Pei Du, the Tang Dynasty's water transport was corrupt and hopeless. The decline of water transportation and the weakness of salt administration always occur at the same time. Because the salt policy has the characteristics of a "poll tax", the government's additional taxes have become more and more excessive. The price of official salt is high, and private salt has been banned repeatedly. Private salt is rampant, and the salt administration is weak. The less resources there are, the more difficult it is to operate water transport, and the more unscrupulous water transport workers and officials become. There will never be another "Southeast God of Wealth" like Liu Yan in the Song Dynasty. For the sake of "security of the country", Zhao Song had many restrictions on local officials, local finances, and local troops. Local supervisory powers must be divided between transshipment envoys and punishment envoys. It is even more impossible to entrust water transportation operations to one person, not even to a yamen. Water transportation in the Song Dynasty actually consisted of two yamen. One is the shipping envoy, and the other is the transshipment envoy. The Shipping Department is responsible for transporting Caoliang from Zhuanbancang to the capital, and the Transshipment Department is responsible for transporting Caoliang from local grain depots to Zhuanbancang. The transfer warehouse originates from the transfer method, that is, the segmented transportation method. Pei Yaoqing initiated it and Liu Yan carried it forward. In addition to the warehouse set up by Pei Yaoqing in Biankou, Liu Yan also set up Zhuanbancang in Yangzhou and Sizhou. Originally, the southern ship was transported to Biankou and returned. Since then, it has been transported to Yangzhou and returned, and then the northern ship has been transported to Sizhou and Bianzhou (Biankou) in sections. The Song Dynasty further subdivided it and added Chuzhou (between Sizhou and Yangzhou) and Zhenzhou (between Yangzhou and the Yangtze River). There are seven Zhuanbancang places in Zhenyangchusi, three of which are in Yangzhou. Because Zhuanbancang is the boundary, the shipping department must ensure the water transportation needs of the capital, so the shipping department rarely waits until grain arrives from various routes before shipping. In order to ensure that rice can be shipped in a timely manner, you must buy rice. The cost of buying rice is the shipping cost (a one-time allocation from the central government). Because most of the Huaihe River areas are grain-producing areas, relying on good harvests and poor harvests, the shipping company's stock can gradually grow without supplementation. Even if there are setbacks (such as the aforementioned fluctuations in grain prices that cause losses in rice), it will not damage the fundamentals (it will not affect the shipment of rice). Each transshipment department is subject to local financial restrictions, and water transportation is hard work. However, because the Song Dynasty insisted on the official ban on salt (except for Hebei), the revenue from the salt administration supplemented the grain freight of each transshipment department (Shen Kuo recorded that for every 100 miles of salt transportation, the land transportation was 4 Wen/jin, and the ship transportation was 1 Wen/jin). Some water ships would directly transport salt back to Yangzhou (discounted for the freight). Because it is profitable, or the local finance does not suffer much, various transshipment departments are more concerned about water transportation, and will actively build and update water ships. Until Cai Jing reformed the salt policy and promoted salt banknotes (a delivery voucher and securities). It is detailed and will not be repeated. Cai Jing's reforms also took advantage of the situation and wanted to be a paper framer for Huizong's finances. But it did lead to the collapse of water transportation in the late Northern Song Dynasty. A transshipment envoy filed a complaint, saying that such-and-such road was unreasonable, that he did not build a ship or hire water workers, and that he would stop the ship when it returned and force him to carry it. The key was that he would not be paid, and it would be a pure expropriation. This is because after Cai Jing implemented salt banknotes, all the salt in the world belonged to salt banknote holders, while the income from selling salt banknotes went to the central government and Huizong. The local finances could not get the money, and there was no offset for freight charges, so they had to "find their own way out." Coincidentally, the shipping company was also corrupted at the same time. A shipping envoy who was appreciated by Huizong and Cai Jing handed over the money to Huizong as the profit from the rice. Huizong was overjoyed and promoted him to the position of Minister of Household Affairs. As soon as this example was opened, the shipment made Si Bianben unable to continue. Cai Jing also acted as a paper poster, directly abolishing the transfer method, and following Huizong's preference, changed it to the direct method - the transshipment envoy directly transported grain to Beijing. This further increases the financial burden on local governments. The direct method has always been useful in the Song Dynasty, but only for light and valuable items such as gold, silver, silk, incense and medicine. The direct method has been implemented for two years, with losses and losses exceeding one million stones. The difficulties caused by water transportation operations were similar to those after Pei Du left office in the Tang Dynasty. The Grand Canal water transport in the Tang and Song Dynasties was similar in that it was mainly grain and salt-based. The difference is that in the Tang Dynasty, if the salt administration was improper, water transportation could not be saved. Song Dynasty's salt administration was improper, but it could be relieved by fragrant medicine, tea and wine.

Post the population distribution map of the Tang Tianbao period that I saw recently. It seems that Tang Ting has been pressing Hebei, which means that it has placed a super bomb in the heart. If An Lushan dies, I believe there will be countless An Lushan who will succeed him.

If Li Longji had died twenty years earlier, he would definitely have been very high in the ranking of Chinese emperors. But his mistake was that he lived too long. Together with his golden partner Li Linfu, this pair of monarchs and ministers would be ranked first in the ranking of cowardly kings and treacherous ministers throughout history.

The current plot makes people have no desire to continue watching. The author has been secretive about the protagonist's future development. When it comes to writing, Xiao Fang looks like a headless fly, running around and killing without any apparent effect. Then there are too many things that the author wants to write. He wants to write a group portrait, and he wants to write about the depth of history and the complexity of the characters. But when it comes to paper, it looks a bit like a facial expression. The characters' personalities feel not shaped by events, and the characters are somewhat similar. Also, I personally feel that the character of Lao Fang was very poorly created. He has no structure and vision that neither breaks nor establishes, nor can he be a tombkeeper of the old era. I personally hate the fence-sitter. Also, I feel that the author has been conveying a very negative point of view. The decline of the prosperous Tang Dynasty is inevitable. People at that time could only wait for the coming of troubled times. The author has forgotten that what you write is not history, but a novel. Novels must have a story. What I hope to see is that even though tens of millions of people have died, I will die. I hope to see that even in troubled times, there are heroes who stand up and help the world without hesitation, until they are shattered to pieces. There are countless heroic deeds in Chinese history. However, in the novel, it turns out that in the novel, it is a group of arrogant villains standing on the corpse of the Tang Dynasty and eating carrion. It is really bad for the senses. Just one family, rational discussions are welcome

At that time, Mengzi did not write the Chronicles of the Tang Dynasty and retired from the circle, which he deeply regretted. Mengzi made me understand that the history I had seen before was just fragmented events, and that real political games, historical events, and dynastic structures are all interconnected. Chinese people love names. The deep logic and laws between things are hidden behind the "name". Only by not being disturbed by the superficial "name" can we understand the essence. Today, there is such an author whose writing style and rhythm control are better than Mengzi's. He also has deep thoughts and is willing to explore the underlying logic and deep game of Tang Dynasty history. He is willing to go against the market and pursue what he wants to insist on. I am really touched. In the current era of fast food culture, online articles are the symbol of fast food, but are all online articles fast food that cannot withstand scrutiny? No, there are always a few people who are willing to settle down and pursue the Tao in their hearts. In a few decades or hundreds of years, most of the online articles will be forgotten in the long river of time, while the truly profound works will be passed down and remembered. When I educate my children in the future, I will let them watch "Elegy of the Tang Dynasty" to let them know how to view and analyze information. Historical materials have gone through thousands of years and often have discrepancies. How to screen the authenticity and piece together a closer to the real Tang Dynasty? Time flies, what lessons does it have for the present? Things have changed, and everything seems to be changing, but after all, some things still follow the rules, and that is human nature and what people are constantly pursuing. I don't need to go into too much detail about what this book is about. When your thinking, experience, and cognition reach this level, you will naturally know its value. I have read historical online articles for more than ten years. Although there are more and more books on the market, I can read less and less. Many of the books that I once regarded as guidelines can no longer withstand my own scrutiny, but there are still some books that are worthy of repeated study and are in-depth enough.

A crude and troublesome operation. Fang Dashuai doesn't have any morals, so that doesn't matter. 😁 Tell me why it's vulgar, because Marshal Fang didn't pay. Yes, I just didn't pay. Whether it is robbing a daughter-in-law or forcing a divorce, in the final analysis, it is a matter of power and self-control and lawlessness. This kind of operation also has a high threshold in ancient times. Ordinary people cannot use power and self-control. If they dare to show lawlessness, law and discipline can make ordinary people lawless. Not giving money is not only unreasonable, but also greatly lowers the threshold for this kind of behavior. From being able to do this only if you have a high position and power, to being able to have the sword and courage. This made the Li family and his son the simple victims and weak parties in the incident. This is also the reason why some readers sympathize with them. It is not the royal family who sympathize with them, but the weak in the incident. Even if some common people think it is good to rob, the intellectuals, especially the intellectuals in the Tang Dynasty (who considered themselves the ruling class), have completely different views from the common people. The Anshi Rebellion (called the Huangfu Rebellion in the book) had just broken out, and Li Tang's appeal had just begun to collapse, but it had not yet collapsed. This kind of vulgar operation by Marshal Fang, who looks like a nouveau riche mentality at first glance, will only make people with both ability and political integrity stay away automatically. Good birds choose trees to roost, so why do they have to make a fuss? Could it be that if Marshal Fang is not allowed to snatch women, these people will not be able to get married? Of course, as a political animal with a moral vacuum, Marshal Fang might like to associate with a bunch of talented sycophants, despicable villains, ambitious careerists and the dissolute Neptune. Who said that Chen Ping, Guo Jia, Jia Xu, and Sima Yi were not national scholars? They are all such "talents", maybe this book will be more interesting? I think the Bianzhou regime does not need to cover up. It can use the banner of Xiao Xitian, indulge in indulgence, and invite people to Bianzhou. The Silver Spear Xiaojie Army can also be renamed to the Huangmei Army. It can be said that the red eyebrows in the Han Dynasty are combined with the virtue of fire; the yellow eyebrows in the Tang Dynasty are combined with the virtue of earth. It must be a good story too? 😜 The matter of robbing a daughter-in-law cannot be kept secret. It will definitely spread among the aristocracy and even the scholar class. This not only increases the difficulty of dungeons to unify the world, but also increases the cost of governance after unification (the emperor also snatches the daughter-in-law, which can be seen as "public order and good customs"), or simply promotes "bride snatching is a traditional custom since ancient times, as old as marriage" to give gold to the emperor who snatches wives. But if you give money, it becomes a deal. Even if the previous "procedures" are rough and illegal, the disadvantaged party is compensated, which will give a feeling of "the transaction is unfair, but it is not a loss." Moreover, giving money not only shows Fang Dashuai's contempt and opposition to the Li family and his son, but also maintains Weifu's high threshold for being self-centered and lawless. To give a simple example, in the early Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin sent his confidants to Hebei to take charge. About 2000, an old man from Hebei came to Bianjing to complain, saying that Zhao Kuangyin, who was in power in Hebei, was a confidant who robbed his daughter. He begged the emperor to seek justice and let the man return his daughter. After Zhao Kuangyin listened patiently, he said that the official was definitely at fault, but it would be hard to remarry to a good family if your daughter is returned to you. I will give you five hundred guan, and your daughter will stay there as a concubine. Although Zhao Kuangyin was an "old man" and came to power after Chen Qiao's rebellion, and his reputation was not much better than that of Marshal Fang, Zhao Kuangyin did not let the weaker party simply suffer. Even when dealing with the Chai family, he did not completely persecute him. On the one hand, he suppressed the main line and supported the branch lines, ensuring their prosperity and wealth (giving them money and benefits), so the Chai family survived. Don't Zhao Kuangyin have the strength to kill all the Chai family? It's just not necessary. Is there any need for Marshal Fang to rob someone's daughter-in-law without paying her? Is Marshal Fang a pauper? Or do the Lis and his son dare to charge a price that Marshal Fang cannot afford? Not giving money will not only prove to knowledgeable people that Marshal Fang is a vulgar moral vacuum, but will also leave endless troubles. The author's defense chapter is very interesting, saying that readers are the ruled class and should not sympathize with the ruling class. He also gave an example of petty officials killing the royal family to prove that the royal family was nothing but ordinary people. This ignores two premises. It was the petty officials who killed the royal family, not the common people. The second petty officer did not kill the royal family voluntarily, but was ordered to do so. This example is therefore less convincing. Let's talk about the empathic ruling class. Since the author believes that the ruled class should not empathize with the ruling class, then according to this idea, soldiers should not empathize with generals, petty officials should not empathize with state and county magistrates, state and county magistrates should not empathize with magistrates, generals and magistrates should not empathize with each other, and neither should empathize with emperors or princes. Why do the officers and soldiers of the Silver Spear Xiaojie Army empathize with King Ping Xi? Did King Pingxi give more, or did they steal more? Pingxi King Tianzong was a genius and fed three thousand people in the Yinqian Xiaojie Army, without leaving a single one behind. Can he still feed every soldier of the other armies of the Bianzhou regime without missing a single one? Why do you say that not giving money will lead to endless troubles? Because after lowering the threshold for lawlessness, lawlessness becomes a matter of course. Soldiers should not sympathize with King Pingxi, even if the salary is paid by King Pingxi. After all, King Pingxi still received a salary from the court, and he never sympathized with the court or the emperor (ruling class). The soldiers don't empathize with the general. The general can let the general steal his wife, and the soldiers can just steal it themselves. There is no need to pay for it anyway. If you have a sword and courage, you will have a wife. The King of Pingxi can snatch away the daughter of a noble family, but what should the soldiers do if they can't capture the nobles of the noble family? How easy it is to rob the daughter of a wealthy family or a commoner. Pick up the soft persimmons, do you understand? Pity the common people? What does it have to do with me being a soldier? What class is King Pingxi? Can you still empathize with the common people? Will the people complain? Just kill it. Which temple still lacks ghosts who died unjustly? Think our Xiaoxitian Huangmei Jun is calling us in vain? If I say I will send you to the West, I will let you go to the West. Will the people fleeing and resisting shake the rule of King Pingxi? Nonsense. Besides, what is King Pingxi's rank? As a soldier, can I still sympathize with King Ping Xi? Catch those who flee and kill them if they resist. Isn't this all military merit? Good guys, the opportunity to get promoted and make a fortune has come, brothers, you should seize it. If you become a general, let King Pingxi steal aristocratic girls to be your wives. Won't King Pingxi rob him? Then grab it yourself, you don't have to pay anyway. Aren't there so many girls from aristocratic families? Those wives and daughters who robbed the state and county magistrates were just a bunch of sour scholars who were good at writing and writing. Their wives and daughters were favored by the Qiancheng of the country because they had cultivated blessings for countless generations. It was good that they were not allowed to kneel down and kowtow. What? King Pingxi wants to improve military discipline? Fine or beheading? Fuck you! I have yellow eyebrows, and King Pingxi is just a bird!

The best historical article of the year, does anyone recognize it 🙂

I looked at the rankings today, and I was completely shocked. This book is ranked so low. Should the previous books be ranked higher? Or is it better for a novice? I originally followed Elegy of the Tang Dynasty and Huacai of the Tang Dynasty at the same time, but now I am following the Tang Dynasty. It is really hard to describe what is behind Tang Dynasty.

First, acknowledge the contingency and inevitability of history. What is inevitability? We say that the outbreak of the Anshi Rebellion was inevitable because Tang Ting spared no effort to squeeze Hebei. This cannot be changed by changing the leader. What is contingency? For example, in the September 18th Incident, it is a historical fact that Japan blew up the railway and framed China for provoking trouble. Then, Japan was one day earlier and one day later, instead of bombing the railway and bombing the station. It was not planned by the Kwantung Army but by the Black Dragon Society, etc. Obviously, it will not affect Japan's established policy of invading Northeast China. This is accidental. Everyone must have read the joke about Pan Jinlian leading to the fall of the Song Dynasty, but no one has ever taken it seriously, because this joke takes chance to the extreme and does not mention inevitability at all. Anyone with a normal education knows that it is wrong. However, the author's choice of topic for everyone is to replace Ximen Qing with Dongmen Qing, and murder Wu Dalang not with medicine but with a knife. Some readers feel that the author's multiple-choice question violates the original intention. I can understand the feelings of these readers. They are used to reading novels with logics such as Pan Jinlian's subjugation of the country, so they are afraid that the author will change his mind. I would say it is unnecessary. How much impact will the September 18th Incident turn into the Double Eleven Incident on the overall historical situation? But at the same time, I have to be fair to some readers: If I just rely on historical deductions, then I will still read a shitty novel. Don't let the author just follow the text, that's boring. Some people say that literary creation is dancing with shackles. If this is true, then the shackles of historical novels must be the heaviest and narrowest, because the weight and space of historical novels are too heavy and too small. Thousands of years are so heavy and one person is so small. It's a pity that many historical novels now don't have shackles on their hands, and the dance is quite enjoyable. It's rare to meet a big fool who is willing to get in, and it is inevitable to be afraid of untying it again, but it is a bit too much to ask everyone for the type of dance for him and ban him from dancing.

The writing of this book is getting more and more procrastinating. I have been a governor for so many times and traveled all over the country. In the end, only 3,000 people followed me everywhere. It is useless. I just want to ask these 3,000 people what their hometown is and why they work for you. How do they get the logistics and supplies? There is no fixed territory or finance.

Let me share an article about the geographical relations of the Tang Dynasty to prove the author's overall thinking about this book: the Guanzhong area is no longer suitable as the political center of the unified dynasty. The new political center should be in Guandong. The Tang Dynasty who stubbornly chose Guanzhong as the political center was driving.

According to records of Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty, vegetable oil was the main oil. Fang Dashuai's vegetable planting plan can be used as a reference. The following uses weights and measures from the Ming Dynasty, 1 stone = 120 catties, 1 catty ≈ 598 grams. 1. Sesame and camphor tree seeds. The oil production rate of the two is the highest in Song Yingxing's record. Sesame is a traditional edible oil, while camphor tree oil is used for lighting. It is very bright, but some people don't like its smell. 2. Brassica oleracea and Brassica oleracea seeds. Both are of the Brassica genus. Brassica is a rapeseed, and the rapeseed popular in the Ming Dynasty is different from traditional Chinese rapeseed. Brassica existed in the Han Dynasty, and was divided into leaves (for eating) and oil (for oil extraction). Among them, the oil extracted from brassica is of average quality and not delicious. Moreover, regardless of whether it is used for leaves or oil, traditional Chinese rapeseed cannot be planted over the winter. Rapeseed in the Ming Dynasty inherited the Yuan Dynasty, and was usually planted after the rice harvest and harvested after overwintering. Therefore, after research, Professor Han Maoli believes that the Yuan Dynasty introduced this kind of overwintering rapeseed from West Asia (the coast of the Eastern Mediterranean) (this kind of rapeseed is adapted to the climate characteristics of the Mediterranean rainy winter). Fang Dashuai has left a button in the Western Region, and he may consider introducing this overwintering type of rapeseed, so that the land utilization rate will be higher. If the planting is careful, the soil is fertile, and the pressing technique is proper, the oil yield will be one-third, otherwise it will be only one-fourth. Woad is the predecessor of modern Chinese cabbage. It mainly eats leaves. After pressing the seeds, the oil becomes clear, like green water. 3. Amaranth seeds and radish seeds. The oil yield rates of the two are similar. Amaranth is native to India. According to my research, it was introduced to China in the 10th century. Fang Dashuai probably had no use for it. Rapeseed is radish (not carrot). Song Yingxing recorded that radish seed oil is delicious and beneficial to the five internal organs. 4. Chinese tallow tree seeds and Tongziren. Both are not edible oils. Chinese tallow seeds are divided into skin oil (semi-solidified) and water oil (liquid). The former can be used to make candles and soap, and the latter can be used for lighting. Tung seed kernels are made by drying the tung tree seeds and breaking them open, taking the inner kernels (3-5 pieces) and pressing them into tung oil. The smell of tung oil lighting is unpleasant, and when the combustion is not complete, there is smoke. Therefore, during the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasty, some people used incomplete combustion of tung oil to collect the smoke and use it to make ink. Partially replace pine smoke ink, which requires a large amount of pine trees and is more expensive. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the scale of Tong Yanmo expanded. 5. Flaxseed and hempseed. Traditional oil, edible and lighting. But both the taste and oil yield are the second choice. It can be done, but the return rate is limited. 6. Tea seeds and holly seeds. Tea tree seeds, or seeds of some kind of camellia tree. Wintergreen is similar. Their oil yield is low. Unless it is a geographical advantage (such as a concentrated camellia production area), investment is not considered. 7. Soybeans and cotton seeds. The oil production rates of these two are particularly low (bottom). First, in Song Yingxing's records, crops with higher oil yields were all small-seed crops. This shows that the oil-extraction technology and equipment at that time were more effective in extracting oil from small-seeds, while soybeans and cotton seeds were both large-seeds. Second, oil extraction from soybeans and cotton seeds may be only one of the returns, but not the only one. The residue (bean cake) left after the soybeans are pressed for oil can be used to feed livestock, such as cows, pigs, etc. Perhaps this unsqueezed residue is very effective in feeding livestock, so no improvement has been made. Cotton seeds are similar, and the residue can be fed to livestock. Unlike soybeans, cottonseed oil contains gossypol, which is moderately toxic and can be digested by ruminants (such as cattle), but not monogastric animals. In addition, according to Song Yingxing's records, 100 kilograms of cotton seeds produce 7 kilograms of oil. The figure below shows the unified unit, written as 8.4 Kilograms/stone.

Probably starting from the offensive and defensive battle of Chang'an, only one part of Tubo was wiped out, and most of the rest were sent back to Liangzhou, which made people feel more and more depressed. Every time comes, heaven and earth work together, and the heroes are not free. The most exciting part should be the expedition to the Western Regions and the management of Bianzhou, but then there are all kinds of unsatisfactory things. Xiao Fang has also gradually degenerated from the original image of being far away from the Han and Tang Dynasties, and more powerful than the red sun, into a combination of high-matching advantages of Zhao Da and Zhao Er. Alas, all I can say is that this is the end and I wish the author better and better in his next book.

Share a piece of literature that comments on Yang Yuhuan's tragic life. There are too many words, so I won't type it, for fear that it won't pass the review, so just read it yourself. After reading it, you will know whether the author's 49th chapter is a realistic description.

Let me talk about my feelings. In fact, I started to read this book in the middle period. I didn't read the previous content. Later, I caught up with chapters 300 and 400 and stopped updating. After Ji Ge started to go offline, this book gave me a strong feeling of depression. I felt that I could not change the general trend and could only refute, so I gave up and now I am reading it again. After reading the last few dozen chapters, I feel that the depression is even stronger. Now I feel uncomfortable after reading it. I can't even write a complaint. I just keep holding it in my heart. I feel that the author has a lot of experience and his writing is good, but he just has an aura of literary youth. Depression is the biggest feeling this article gives me. In fact, I know what you want to express, but it is too depressing. I think writing this kind of novel should still have some cheerful rhythm, rather than being irresistibly forced to compromise. Since the last book Liu Dudu, I think you have been in this situation, but this book has magnified it. I feel that writing this kind of time traveler now wants to change history. Among Shi Dashi's historical novels, the best one is Mai Ke. His "Long Sword in the Late Jin Dynasty" is really good. It well reflects the protagonist's changes against the tide of the times. The whole story is more humorous than you are and it is more deeply rooted in people's hearts. You can learn from him. I think the author has a little bit of that feeling in reality, which is obviously reflected in the book.

Sharing an article on the study of official selection in various periods of the Tang and Song dynasties, it supports the author's view that it is difficult for truly poor people to stand out in the Tang Dynasty. The essence of official selection in the Tang Dynasty is the game of national power between the Guanlong nobles and other local dignitaries. The increase in educational resources and opportunities is the result of the chaos caused by war.

Sharing an excerpt from a doctoral thesis study on burlesque in the Tang Dynasty, it can be seen that the author Jun's description of the opera style of the Tang Dynasty in Chapter 55 reflects the author's intention in textual research. Although I also hope that the author Jun will write more, I would like to ask if he is making up things randomly and using things from Baidu Encyclopedia to write historical articles for you. Do you still read it? From the excerpt, we can see that burlesque is a link between the past and the future in the history of Chinese opera. The burlesque absorbed operas from ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad, and reflected the entertainment style of the upper and middle classes of the Tang Dynasty at that time. The characteristics of its operas were openness and tolerance, which also reflected the openness and tolerance of the ideological and cultural fields of the Tang Dynasty.

The twist of this chapter is that Lao Fang does not really intend to kill Xiao Fang, and Xiao Fang does not have a strong desire for power to usurp the throne. If Lao Fang really wants to kill Xiao Fang, he will arrange a certain death trick, Xiao Fang's pills; if Xiao Fang really likes to be an emperor, there is no need to deliver them to his door. Both sides said verbally that they did not care about the relationship between father and son, but in fact they were very honest and did not kill anyone. The strike of Lao Fang's crossbow arrow actually shows that Lao Fang is soft-hearted, which means "Deal with Xiao Fang according to God's will. If Xiao Fang deserves to die, the crossbow arrow will hit. If Xiao Fang does not die, it will not hit." The content of the article seems to be Machiavellian, secretive and cruel, but the blank spaces are full of love between children.

"Braised - chicken, braised - duck, it's so fragrant" "Cooked - cake, rice - porridge, it makes your belly round" "Ice - drink, bean - soup, it's so refreshing" Amidst the constant shouting and shouting, the rows of shops, the bustling crowds, and even the chirping of birds and the barking of dogs, everything on the shore is so vivid, like a picture scroll with sound, slowly unfolding in the ship window. Every picture is full of vitality, which makes people want to describe it, but they feel ashamed that the pen is not strong enough to reproduce its vividness. "Such a peaceful scene full of vitality and all things competing for success is worthy of being in the Kingdom of Heaven." The man said while looking at the monks on the side. "It would be a joy in life to be immersed in it." This man was dressed luxuriously and had many accessories, but he was wearing a strange black hat - like a curved cone. This makes him look like he is not a Han Chinese, but he speaks Chinese in Luoyin, which is cadenced and regular. Among today's prefecture and county officials, it is rare for Luoyin to be so pure and harmonious, without any local accent. "Liu Xingren has made it clear that he has forbidden it, so why bother asking for trouble for yourself." The monk announced the Buddha's name in a low voice, "This Chenliu County is not as prosperous as Bianzhou City. The poor monk is only afraid that Your Highness will be happy after arriving in Bianzhou and will not want to return. Please rest assured today. Impatient." The man who was called His Highness looked unhappy and said in Japanese, "I haven't returned to secular life yet, so Master Mingxing doesn't need to call Him Your Highness anymore." After saying that, he took off his black hat and lay down on the soft couch. After taking off his hat, the top of his head was indeed exposed with tiny hair stubble. "Yes, Your Highness." Master Mingxing comes from Japan. For five years, he has been studying at Longxing Temple in Bianzhou as a monk. In addition to Buddhism, he also has to study Chinese construction, laws and regulations. When the ten years are over, after completing the studies and returning to China, he can be promoted to the rank of senior monk and make suggestions for the emperor and ministers. The man lying on the soft couch with his hands folded around his neck was also from Japan, but he was of noble birth. He was the son of the recently deceased Emperor Mitsuhito and the half-brother of the current emperor, Prince Hayara. His mother came from a small family. Although she was favored by Emperor Kohito, she was arranged to become a monk at the age of 12. Now that she is established in the new year, she is sent to China as an envoy. He couldn't even keep a filial piety for his father because he had not returned to secular life. Regarding this prince, Mingxing has also heard discussions among monks and officials. Most of them believe that after his brother succeeds to the throne, he can return to the secular world and receive a second-grade salary until he grows old. Therefore, the affairs of the monks and monasteries were not entrusted to him and he was left to his own devices. Now that his brother has succeeded to the throne, he has been sent to China. One can imagine the resentment and fear in his heart. Therefore, Mingxing is very tolerant of his willful words and deeds. He knew that the other party was venting his emotions and wanted to ask for peace of mind. However, compared to recklessly annoying Chinese officials, Mingxing would rather the monk prince linger in Bianzhou or not even return to Japan. Maybe the new emperor thinks so too. The autumn breeze blows warmly and the setting sun warms. Prince Zaara's body swayed suddenly. Half asleep and half awake, he instinctively drew the knife in his hand, quickly turned over, and leaned against the wall of the ship. Under his vigilant gaze, the cabin door was slowly pushed open, and Mage Mingxing came in with a chessboard. Seeing Prince Zaara's nervous look, he raised the chessboard to signal. "Your Highness, do you have time for a chat?" "What happened?" While putting away the knife, Prince Sarada slowly put on his cloth shoes. He has many exquisite and luxurious shoes, but he is still used to wearing this pair of cloth shoes. Even if it doesn't fit in with his gorgeous clothes. Ming Xing waited for Prince Zao Liang to sit back down before answering calmly. A ship collided in front of the river, causing a person to fall into the water. The nearby ships either gave way or rescued, so the channel became narrower, and subsequent boats also adjusted their channel and order. The official ship they were on had been ordered to anchorage and stop, which caused the ship to shake violently. "Liu Xingren has sent a small boat out to try to clear the channel so that we can pass through first. Now that I have time, I will come and talk to His Highness." "Is it a collision accident?" Prince Hayara suddenly became excited, "Go and have a look. You can play chess any day, this This kind of excitement doesn't happen every day. " "That's not true. There are often collisions on the canal, and many people fall into the water..." Before Ming Xing could explain it to Prince Hayara in detail, he felt his sleeves tightening and he couldn't help but stand up. "Let's go to the deck and have a look first." With strong skills, Prince Zaara dragged Master Mingxing through the cabin and onto the bow deck. As soon as he made this move, the accompanying deputy minister and four guards, thinking there was some urgent business, rushed to the bow of the ship. The Japanese envoys gathered at the bow of the ship, which naturally attracted the attention of the Han people on the ship - the Japanese envoys were very recognizable, not tall, but with a loud voice, like a naughty boy who had not grown up. The bureaucrats sent by the Department of Rites to receive the Japanese envoys this time, after reporting at all levels, Liu Anfu, a member of the Department of Rites, also came to the bow deck. At this time, only Prince Zaara and Akira were present, and the deputy minister and the guards had been persuaded by them to move to the side. The arrival of Liu Anfu made Prince Zao Liang very happy. Mingxing was very perfunctory about his questions and always wanted to persuade him to go back to the cabin. "Ming Gong Liu, where are you?" Liu Anfu said "I dare not" after hearing this. He has no title and refuses to accept Fei. How dare he call himself "Ming Gong" in front of a large audience? The foreigners in Fan State are not familiar with rituals. He is an official of the Ministry of Rites, so how can he teach people the truth. Suppressing his dissatisfaction with the envoy, Liu Anfu looked into the distance for a moment and did not answer Prince Zao Liang. "Is it a famous restaurant there? Or is it the Liyuan Theater? There are many people queuing up, which is a wonderful thing." When Liu Anfu heard the other party's questioning, he complained that this person was ignorant. The new king of Japan was really blind in choosing such an envoy to run errands. On the surface, he was calm and said, "It's too far, so I can't see clearly." Before Prince Zao Liang asked anything else, Liu Anfu made an excuse to urge him to leave about the waterway. Since the Japanese envoys are just watching the fun, let them go. As long as they don't swim to the shore, he doesn't bother to care. As he was about to return to Bianzhou for business, his patience had already been exhausted and he was impatient to negotiate with the other party. When Liu Anfu left, Prince Zao Liang rolled his eyes and asked Ming Xing in a low voice in Japanese, "Where is the critical place?" Ming Xing shook his head and whispered in Japanese, "That's the coffin shop." Prince Zao Liang turned to look at the place. Looking at the crowded shops and the long queues, I was speechless for a long time before sighing, "It's worthy of being in the country. The number of coffins used here in one day is probably more than that used in Pingcheng Kyoto in a year. It's amazing." When Mingxing heard this, he wanted to correct it, but he didn't know how to correct it for the moment. China's canals, especially the Bianhe River Channel, tend to see a sharp drop in traffic volume around October. This is because the Biankou is closed to prevent Yellow River ice from entering the Bianhe River and causing the Bianhe River to freeze. The closure of Biankou means that the Bianhe River will lose its largest source of water supply, and the water level will slowly drop, which is not conducive to the passage of larger ships, and may even only allow small passenger ships to pass, or even stop sailing. Therefore, in the late autumn of August and September, it is the time when large ships on the Bian River are crowded and competing for navigation. This is often the time when ships are most likely to lose manpower. No matter how the court declares, how the officials admonish, or how the nobles lament, this misfortune remains unchanged year after year. In this way, it is reasonable to see long queues for coffins. But Prince Zaara's unintentional words do have their truth. Even if we are not in August and September when big ships are crowded and competing for each other, it is common for people to die along the canal. Many people fell into the water when they slipped, fell into the water while drunk, fell into the water during a fight, or even drowned while swimming in the river. Bianzhou is already a prosperous and peaceful place in the world. The waterways in the city are gentler than canals and are guarded by military patrols. However, the number of people who drown every year still ranges from hundreds to thousands. "Hey, this is the harm of Wufangqiang." Ming Xing sighed. As far as he knows, whether it is along the Bianzhou or Chenliu canals, drowning often occurs at night. On a sunny day like today, if a boat crashes into the water and falls into the water, there will always be someone to rescue you. You can at most take a few mouthfuls of canal water without risking your life. But there are no square walls in Bianzhou, so residents can freely pass through most of the city at night, and naturally they can also go to the river. Similarly, there are no walls along the canal, only the river patrol courtyards spaced twenty miles apart for comfort. The soldiers in Xunheyuan are also human beings. Going out on boats to rescue people at night is like risking their lives. Besides, they also have the important task of preventing theft and fire. Compared with the safety of water transportation, rescuing people who fall into the water at night seems unimportant. It is said that medicine can cure diseases and Buddha can help those who are destined. After three orders and five applications, it still could not be banned. Naturally, the court felt that benevolence and justice were exhausted. "But if there were still square walls, would there still be such a scene on the shore?" Prince Zaara looked at the shore with envy, where there was a father and son. The father lifted his son up high, fearing that he would be injured by the crowd, and moved forward with all his strength, as if he was going to a food stall selling cakes - that stall had a tall cloth banner with a big word "cake" on it. The son sat on his father's shoulder, holding his father's neck with one hand and holding something in the other hand. He put it in his mouth and then in his father's mouth. "On the canal, hundreds of boats compete for the water." Mingxing lowly announced the Buddha's name and said in Chinese, "What your highness said is true. The canal can eat people, but it also has countless lives. Without this river, there would be no sorrow for the people living there; without this river, there would be no joy for the people living there." Mingxing is very clear about the situation. There must be spies among the nearby Han people, so I won't say more. In fact, Chinese nobles have mixed opinions about the canal. The most fierce criticism even believed that the Bianzhou court was deliberately sacrificing people in exchange for glory and wealth. Supporters and opponents often debate in Bianzhou. This kind of debate can even be called a scene in Bianzhou. You can see and hear it in teahouses, restaurants, restaurants, and academies. Both parties would probably only argue about this in a brothel. When Mingxing thought of this, she still had some expectations, wanting to see how Prince Hayara would react when he saw such a confrontational scene. Prince Zao Liang suddenly became excited, inspired by Ming Xing's words, "A boat on a canal, hundreds of boats vying for the current." "Yes. We must rely on the big river." Prince Hayara waved his hand vigorously, "Namba Jin has been silted up for a long time. Now it is only used to send envoys to the Tang Dynasty to study and prepare, and it has no help in Heijing. If Japan wants to be as prosperous as the country above, it must be The capital must be close to the big river. " "How about the big river... Yodogawa? If Nambazu is not used, we can move the port to the new Yodogawa mouth. Then..." Prince Hayara stopped as he spoke. He has not yet returned to secular life. His brother is the emperor. "Will the new capital city not need a square wall by then?" Mingxing noticed that Prince Zaara was in a low mood, so he immediately changed his words. "Yes." Prince Hayara exclaimed, "It will be like this in Shangkuni." "It will be like this on the Yodo River," he raised his finger and pointed to the sail shadow in front of the bow that covered the sky like a curtain, "a hundred boats competing against each other!"

The Grand Canal of the Tang Dynasty inherited the Grand Canal of the Sui Dynasty as a whole, with slight adjustments in details. For example, the southern entrance of the Yangzhou section was silted up in the early Tang Dynasty and was dredged again in the Kaiyuan Dynasty. During this period, the canal boats had to go up the river and enter an old river (Guan Canal) in the southwest of Yangzhou, and then turn into Yangzhou. This entry point became Zhenzhou later. After the dredging of the southern section of Yangzhou, the Zhenzhou entrance is still retained and used. In addition, the southeastern end of the Bianhe section of the Sui Grand Canal was almost aligned with the northern end of the Yangzhou Canal (Hangou), while the Grand Canal in the Tang Dynasty was staggered quite a bit, and the Huaihe River was used more for circulation (the southeastern course of the Bianhe River meets the Huaihe River, and the Hangou River connects to the Huaihe River in the north). The main system of the Tang Grand Canal is the five major transport sections. The Yongji Canal Transport Section, flowing from south to north, belongs to the Haihe River Basin; the Tongji Canal Transport Section (Bianhe River), flows from northwest to southeast, and belongs to the Huaihe River Basin; the Huaihe River Transport Section, a natural river, flows from south to east; the Yangzhou Canal Transport Section (Hangou), flows from south to north, belongs to the Huaihe River Basin; the Jiangnan Canal, flows from southeast to northwest, belongs to the Yangtze River Basin. A Tang Jiangnan canal ship. Before Pei Yaoqing's reform, in February, the ship followed the Yangtze River (or Jiangnan Canal) and entered the Yangzhou Yun section (Hangou) through Zhenzhou or Guazhou. In April, it entered the Huaihe River downstream from Yangzhou, then went upstream and turned into the Tongji Canal (Bianhe River). It arrived at Biankou (the intersection of the Bianhe River and the Yellow River) in about June or July. Because the Yellow River is turbulent in July and August, it is necessary to wait until September before trying to go up the Yellow River. It is usually deposited in the official warehouse of Luoyang in October. There is a 300-mile official road from Luoyang to Chang'an. The grain from Luoyang is transferred to Shaanzhou by land transportation, and then reloaded on ships before being transported to Chang'an. After Pei Yaoqing's reform, firstly, the Jiangnan watercraft returned to Biankou, and Northern crew members who were familiar with the hydrology of the Yellow River were responsible for the follow-up. Secondly, an 18-mile road was built at Sanmenxia for water and land transfer, and then transported to Chang'an. Because the water in Sanmenxia is dangerous, it is not suitable for large-scale shipping. Some officials tried pulling tow along the river so that it could be transported by water, but the price was the death of the trackers. The main experience of the Tang Grand Canal lies in how to transport more, faster and better grain into Chang'an. The main experience of the Song Grand Canal lies in how to transport more, faster and better grain to Kaifeng. Therefore, the Song Dynasty implemented a canal network. In addition to the Grand Canal, there was also the Guangji River (called Wuzhang River in Kaifeng City) that connected the seventeen states in Jingdong and flowed from west to east; the Guangji River that connected the six states in Jingbei and Henan. The Huimin River (called Cai River in Kaifeng City) flows north-south-south (horseshoe-shaped); the Yellow River, which connects the prefectures and counties in the Jing-Wei-Fen River Basin, flows from west to east (in the middle and late period of Song Renzong, considering the threat of Xixia, the Yellow River water transport was stopped). The water transportation constant of the Bianhe River in the Song Dynasty (accounting for about 80% of the water transportation volume of the canal network) was 6 million Song stones (Shen Kuo said 6.2 Million, adding the 200,000 missing in equipment losses), which was about 150% of the peak water transportation volume in the Tang Dynasty (Wei Jian's annual transportation of 4 million Tang stones was the peak water transportation volume in the Tang Dynasty). This is related to the water transport reform in the Song Dynasty. One of the most important points is to convert the weir into a gate. Because the water flow in the canal is always towards the natural river, if left unchecked, the water level in the canal will continue to drop, making it inconvenient for ships to navigate and reducing transportation volume. The countermeasure in the Sui and Tang Dynasties was to build weirs to cut off the communication between canal water and natural rivers, so that the canal water would decline very slowly (water intake, evaporation, etc.). Artificial water replenishment (waterwheels or artificial lakes, ponds, etc.) Could be used to ensure the stability of the canal water level, thus ensuring the canal's traffic and transportation capabilities. Weir, simply put, is to build a wall underwater to divide the water flow into two channels (such as Dujiangyan) or separate two sections of water flow (most canal weirs). The head of the wall is slightly higher than the water surface so that when the water level rises, it can flow to the other side for dynamic balance. If the water level exceeds the weir too much, the weir will be unable to do anything. This is also an important difference between a weir and a dam. It is mainly used to store and manage water. Flood control is not its main function. This leads to a very practical problem faced by the ship: how to pass the weir without wall penetration and flying skills? The answer is to drag it over. Physically it can be expressed like this: traction > friction. Towed by humans and animals, the canal is towed across the weir and into the next section of the canal channel. The results of this are: 1. Labor costs cannot be reduced. 2. Ships cannot be built too big. Large ships will be less efficient in transporting through canals. 3. Changing ships is a necessity. 4. A lot of air traffic will be wasted. The Grand Canal was not always open to navigation. Inheriting the experience of the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty gradually tried to change the weirs into gates in order to increase the water transportation volume as much as possible within the limited number of days of navigation (before Daluo connected to Bian, it opened to navigation for about 200 days). If the weir is a wall under water, the sluice is a door opened in the wall. Open the lock and the ship can pass; close the lock and the water can be stored. Because the weir was converted into a lock, there was no need to haul ships, and the manpower saved could be used to transfer materials, such as transferring grain from a large river ship to a small canal. You can also open the gate (turn the winch to open and close). Everything has its pros and cons. After changing the weir to a lock, it will be easier for ships to pass through, but the water level in the canal will be unhappy, because once the lock is opened, the canal water will flow to the next section until it merges into the natural river and flows into the sea. How to ensure the water level of the canal after changing the weir to a lock? Separate sources and throttling. In terms of open source, it is to build Doumen. For example, there are Badoumen set up near the river in Zhenzhou. When the tide comes on the river, they will all be opened to let the river water flow into the canal. There are also lakes and ponds set up, such as Lian Lake in the Jiangnan Canal, and a large number of lakes on the east and west sides of Hangou (the number was still large in the Northern Song Dynasty, but the individual size was small, but large lakes had formed in the Southern Song Dynasty). These large-scale "water conservancy projects" can replenish a large amount of water in a short period of time, allowing the canal water level to be maintained. In terms of cost-saving, there are two rules for opening the gate, one is to open once every three days, and the other is to open once every 100 ships. If any one of the conditions is met, the lock can be opened to release ships (not limited to tank ships). After the reforms of the Song Dynasty, most of the ships that could sail in the Bian River had a load capacity of two to three hundred stone (approximately 11.8-17.7 Tons). This is limited by the water depth. The river is at most five feet deep. Even for flat-bottomed sand boats, the upper limit of load capacity is not high, and it cannot be compared with large river ships and sea-going ships. Therefore, to increase the total volume of water transportation, we can only rely on ship volume and frequency. In the Song Dynasty, the 300 material ships were divided into 30 ships, and the 400 material ships were divided into 25 ships. There were always 200 water ships, that is, 5000-6000 water ships, at least three times a year, but no more than four. That is about 15,000-24,000 ships per year. There is a hidden premise for this kind of transportation volume, that is, it is really possible to collect so many materials. It's not easy. In a certain year of the Song Dynasty, Yuanfeng had about 240 million acres of registered land (almost half less than the previous statistics), and harvested about 24 million Song Shi, or about 240 million buckets of grain that year (the actual amount harvested is not known, this is the amount that was registered and handed over to the public). Approximately equivalent to an average of one acre of land and one dou of grain for an official. As far as I know, when the Tianbao of Yuan Dynasty was opened in the Tang Dynasty, it was 26 million Tang stones (modulated by renting Yong). Considering that Song Shi is about 9% larger than Tang Shi, although their territories are different, the amount of grain collected is similar. The Yongji Canal Transport Section was inconspicuous in the Song Dynasty, mainly due to the military situation. It was more important for military transport (just like the Sui Dynasty) than for pure water transport, so it was not included in the canal network of the Song Dynasty.