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The book begins with an exploration of familiar imagery from the French Revolution, from Dickens, Baroness O'Shea, and Tolstoy, as well as the legend of "if there's no bread, let them eat cake" and the tricolor flag. Then, through a brief examination of the ancien régime and its collapse, Doyle analyzes how revolutions come about: how they become obsolete and how achievements fail to satisfy ambition. Doyle strives to make readers realize that the French Revolution destroyed long-lasting culture, institutions, and social structures in France and beyond, and that we are still living with the legacy of this revolution today. The final part of the book considers why this revolution caused so much controversy.

The Plurinational State of Bolivia, referred to as Bolivia, is a landlocked country in central South America, a beautiful plateau country and one of the countries with the most diverse ecosystems in the world. After Morales came to power in 2006, Bolivia was committed to following the development path of "community socialism". The economic ecology and political ecology have undergone tremendous changes, and Bolivia has been promoted to a middle-income country. This book comprehensively introduces Bolivia's physical geography, history, politics, economy, society, culture and diplomacy.

Papua New Guinea is located in the western Pacific south of the equator. It is the largest country in Oceania except Australia. It is also the indigenous nation with the largest land area and the largest population among the Pacific island countries. It is the intersection of the South and North Pacific, a bridge connecting the South Pacific region and Southeast Asian countries, and has become an irreplaceable role in China's "One Belt, One Road" initiative. The two countries have achieved complementary development through close cooperation in politics, economy, culture and other fields. In recent years, relations between the two countries have continued to improve, and both parties have jointly created a new situation in comprehensive cooperation. This book combines various domestic and foreign materials to provide a detailed and comprehensive introduction to the history and development status of Papua New Guinea.

This book is an annual research report organized by the China Institute of Arab Studies at Ningxia University. It conducts follow-up research on the overall situation in Arab countries, the situation in key countries, the situation in countries with major developments and major impacts, and relevant important topics. It aims to comprehensively reflect the latest development trends in the Arab world. The manuscript outlines the overall development situation of Arab countries in 2016, focuses on the internal and external situations of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen and the Maghreb, analyzes and predicts the current situation and prospects of the "Islamic State" and the Kurdish issue, and finally elaborates on the current situation and strategic thinking of my country's relations with Middle Eastern countries.

This book discusses the export porcelain production of Chaozhou kilns after the Song Dynasty and the Chaozhou kiln products discovered at the Fukuoka archaeological site in Japan, modern Chaozhou porcelain merchants and Southeast Asian Chaozhou porcelain enterprises, the abolition of maidservants movement in important seaport cities in modern "Ocean Asia", the spread of Christianity in Chaoshan area and the issue of religious women, and the Ming Dynasty survivor Li Weijing of Malacca (1614 ~1688) and the construction of public memory of the Chinese community, the rise and fall of Sino-Philippine trade from the 16th century to modern times, the customs history of the Qing Dynasty and Guangdong Customs, the "Guangzhou system" and other issues, expand the new field of maritime history research, conduct in-depth discussions on some new issues, and reflect the new trends and new levels of international maritime history research.

The Soviet-German War is a legend of the Soviet people, a powerful proof of the Soviet Union's adaptability, and a record of its sacrifices and achievements, including of course the efforts of the Communist Party, which ultimately led to victory in the most arduous war in history. During the 1,320 days of effective military operations (approximately 93% of the entire war period), the Red Army annihilated or defeated 506.5 German divisions on the Eastern Front. The unlucky German slave country also lost more than 100 divisions in this war against the Soviet Union. "The Road to Stalingrad" and "The Road to Berlin" are the most complete and authoritative books on the Soviet-German war in history, vividly describing the story of the Soviet Red Army driving the German invaders from the Soviet Union in an epic battle. The book is a fascinating and gripping description of the series of extremely arduous battles and actions that took place until the Soviet Red Army launched an assault on Nazi Germany and finally captured Berlin - the scale of which is unimaginable in the Western world.

This book is divided into three parts to analyze the era of European line tactics, especially the battles during the Napoleonic Wars. The first part - "The Late Ulcer: The Last Great Battle between Britain and France in the Napoleonic Peninsular War" tells the story of Napoleon's army's battle history in the Spanish Peninsula, the "ulcer of the empire" when Europe was in smoke in 1813, as well as the political and economic game behind it. The second part, "Deadly Skills," consists of two articles. "The Persistence of Earth and Stone: A Brief History of the Transformation of Western Fortresses," which tells the story of Europeans' battles for attacking and defending fortresses from the Middle Ages to modern times; "The Forward Sails: British and French Sail Battleships and Naval Tactics during the Napoleonic Wars," which tells the story of the struggle for sea power during the French Revolutionary War from 1792 to 1815. The third part is "The Marshal's Scepter: "Military Studies", the posthumous work of French Marshal Ney. This article is translated and compiled from the manuscripts that Ney wrote to his generals when he was the commander of the Montreuil Camp in 1804. From it, we can see the daily operations and daily life of ordinary soldiers and commanders at that time.

Through many years of personal experience and extensive contact with Japanese people and Japanese society, the author uses a large amount of rich materials and data to introduce the performance, types and causes of Japanese miniature culture from the aspects of language, literature, art, animation, food, design, etc., And is equipped with a large number of illustrations shot on site. The book is about 250,000 words, and elaborates on the characteristics of Japan's miniature culture from the following five aspects, focusing on "little Japan" - being good at small; a big country with miniature culture - making big from small; the performance of miniature culture - being good at small things; the classification of miniature culture - change and unchanged; the cause of miniature culture - a place of water and soil.

"The Great Pants" is an alternative "history book" written by French fashion writer Brigitte Govignon for a wide range of readers. From the vine leaves that covered Adam and Eve's shame to 20th-century Superman comics, Brigitte Govignon quotes from a wide range of sources and uses vivid language to vividly show how those little pieces of cloth turned into loincloths, crotch bags, long underpants, boxers, briefs, and even thongs later. Brigitte Govignon tells us an alternative brief history of human civilization through the evolutionary history of underwear - why did men in ancient Greece like to be naked, while women covered their bodies with charming cloth heads? Could it be that, as shown in the murals, there were already "thongs" in ancient Egypt? Why does Superman always wear his underwear outside? In Brigitte Govignon's interesting discussion, underwear is no longer just underwear, it is also a cultural symbol, carrying too many stories about beauty and fashion, leading us to witness a different brief history of mankind. Plus, "The Great Pants" is full of art. Whether they are art masters of the Renaissance or illustrators of the 19th century, they all used an artistic perspective to perfectly combine fashion and art, leading us to peek into the ultimate secret of underwear and create artistic, "amazing pants".

The Sakhalin region has always been the "testing ground" in the eastern part of the country in the history of the development of the Russian oil industry due to its continuous renewal of reserves and its geographical location facing the ocean. On the basis of sorting out and drawing on domestic and foreign achievements, this book shows the process and specific motivations of oil and gas development from the perspective of combining history and reality, and outlines the development outline of the region's oil industry under the intention of "one step back, two steps forward" for more than a hundred years. Specifically, it includes the origin and development of Sakhalin's oil industry, the close intertwining of oil and gas in Sakhalin with national strategy and regional politics, and the gradual transformation of Sakhalin into a "hydrogen society".

"Disease and Human Civilization" is the text of the "Massenzhe Lecture" given by the author Henry Ernest Siegrist at Cornell University in Ithaca in 1940. The topic of the "lecture" is "The Evolution of Civilization". The author's topic is the relationship between disease and civilization. The author believes that disease has played a very important role in the evolution of civilization. For an individual, disease is not just a biological process, but is likely to be an unforgettable experience that has an impact on the individual throughout his or her life. Humans are the creators of civilization, and diseases affect the process of civilization by affecting humans.

This book mainly describes the entire process from June 6, 1944, when the US and British forces launched the largest amphibious landing in history in Normandy, to the end of 1944, when the Axis forces retreated steadily and the Allied forces liberated Europe with overwhelming force.

This book comprehensively presents the main clues of Kosovo's historical changes from ancient times to the present, and discusses relevant major issues in eight chapters based on the stage characteristics of the region's historical development. The book starts with the ancient multi-ethnic integration and multi-cultural collision in Kosovo, and follows the chronological clues to show one by one that the internal contradictions in the region were intensified by the rule of the Ottoman Turkish Empire; in particular, the competition between European and American powers for the Balkan Peninsula led to the intertwining of various contradictions in Kosovo, and the Balkan War. During the two world wars, conflicts in Kosovo further accumulated; the Kosovo policy implemented by the Yugoslav government during the Tito era gradually intensified local ethnic conflicts, paving the way for the ethnic war conflicts in Kosovo in the post-Tito era; and finally analyzed the turbulent situation in Kosovo.

"A Brief History of the World" is a distinctive world history written by the famous British writer Wells. In "A Brief History of the World", the author has unique narratives about ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and Rome, the European Renaissance, the Reformation, the British Industrial Revolution, the American War of Independence, the French Revolution, etc. Eastern culture, including Confucianism and Taoism, are all involved. "A Brief History of the World" got rid of the narrow-mindedness of nationalism and even Eurocentrism earlier than many works of the same era. In "A Brief History of the World", Wells focused on the heritage of the entire human civilization, including culture, thought, religion, art, etc., Which are truly valuable things in the process of human history. Wells wrote history as a writer with great literary talent. Therefore, "A Brief History of the World" is highly readable. Since its publication, it has been a model book for young people to learn historical knowledge!

In "A Brief History of England", the famous British historian, critic, and columnist Sir Jenkins tells the complete history of England from the Dark Ages in 410 AD to the modern society in the early 21st century. It includes many key figures and events that influenced England's history, and integrates them into the birth, rise, and then slow decline of a great country. The book touches on many themes, from the conflict between the monarchy and the people, to the relationship between Britain and Europe and the world, as well as the evolution of the roles of the king and parliament, etc. With his timeless writing, wise language, and rigorous attitude, Sir Jenkins tells us how modern England was created. "A Brief History of England" has rich historical materials, concise and objective language, calm and pertinent comments on historical figures and events, and is equipped with nearly a hundred precious full-color pictures. Reading this book will give you a panoramic view of England's vast and complex history both horizontally and vertically, making you think about it for thousands of years and travel far and wide.

History is a mirror of reality. Never forget the past and be the teacher of the future. At a time when Japan is trying its best to cover up its history of aggression, the study of the Japanese rule over the Korean people in Northeast China has not only practical significance, but also far-reaching historical significance. To this end, in order to comprehensively and systematically expose the brutal rule of the Japanese Empire against the Korean people in Northeast China, this book uses a large number of historical facts to examine the heinous crimes committed by the Japanese Empire against the Korean people from 1907 to 1945 in terms of politics, economy, military, culture and other aspects. So far, domestic studies on the history of Japan's invasion of China have produced numerous results and numerous works. However, there are only a few monographs on the Japanese colonial rule that focus on the history of suffering of a nation. Even the research on Korean history and culture is mostly concentrated in the fields of Korean anti-Japanese armed struggle, Korean immigration, etc. This book is based on collecting and sorting out existing relevant and sporadic research results, paying attention to digging out new first-hand information, conducting field investigations, interviewing parties, and finally sorting it out by category. Especially combined with the international relations of Northeast Asia in the 20th century, a systematic study of the entire process of the Japanese empire's use of Korean immigrants to invade Northeast China is an important clue to expand the research vision in the future.

In the 1930s and 1940s, more than 6 million Jews were brutally massacred by the Nazis in Europe. Almost all parts of the world closed their doors to Jewish refugees in urgent need of help. However, the Chinese people and the metropolis of Shanghai extended a helping hand to Jewish refugees at this critical moment. About 25,000 Jewish refugees who came to China regarded Shanghai as their "Noah's Ark". They shared the joys and sorrows with the Chinese people and spent difficult years on Chinese soil. Some even directly participated in the Chinese people's anti-fascist struggle and national liberation movement. This book is the final result of a major project funded by the National Social Science Fund. From the perspective of academic research, this history of Jewish refugees seeking refuge in China during World War II was sorted out and summarized.

Papua New Guinea is located in the southwest Pacific Ocean and has more than 600 islands throughout its territory. It became independent on September 16, 1975. Papua New Guinea is rich in resources and has uneven economic development. Minerals, petroleum and agricultural cash crops are the backbone of the country's economy. It is rich in tourism resources and has great development potential. It pursues a policy of neutrality externally and advocates peaceful coexistence among all countries. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations with China, relations between the two countries have maintained steady development, and the two sides have established a strategic partnership of mutual respect and common development. This book combines domestic and foreign information and strives to comprehensively introduce Papua New Guinea to readers.

Poland is located in the middle of Europe, like a crossroads. She was once the outpost of cultural exchange between Europe and Asia. Poland came from the wilderness, from converting to God and feudal separatism to realizing the unity of the kingdom and the aristocratic republic, and for a time it dominated Eastern Europe. Later, it was divided several times by the great powers, and after a hundred years of salvation, it was finally reborn from the ashes. Now it has made a transformation and continues to write glory. This book will take you to appreciate the beauty of Poland, experience a cultural pilgrimage, and embark on a soul-stirring journey.

Ireland is an island country located on the northwest coast of the European continent. Although it is small and remote, it has a long and rich historical and cultural heritage and beautiful natural landscapes. It especially occupies an important position in the history of world literature. In addition, Ireland is also an innovative country, and its successful transition from an agricultural and animal husbandry economy to a knowledge economy is worth learning from. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Ireland's national conditions, history, politics, economy, military, diplomacy and other basic situations.

Chad, a country in Central Africa, is a traditional agricultural country. Restricted by geographical and climatic conditions, crop planting and yield improvement still face various challenges. At the beginning of the 21st century, Chad's oil development brought hope for industrial development, but it has not yet fully benefited all walks of life in Chad. Problems in income, employment, education and medical care have long plagued Chadian society, especially the youth group, which accounts for a large proportion of the population. The Chadian government and people are actively developing cooperation with the international community to promote national economic development and gradually improve people's lives. This book comprehensively introduces Chad's national situation overview, history, politics, economy, military, diplomacy and other basic information.

The Kingdom of Tonga is located in the vast southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is the only country in the South Pacific that implements a constitutional monarchy. It is also the only country in the region that has not been colonized. Tonga has a long history, a strong religious atmosphere and unique customs and culture. In the new century, under the influence of globalization, tradition and democratic elements are intertwined, and Tonga is striving to explore a path for national development and national prosperity. This book introduces the changes of Tonga through the ages in detail, showing readers the style of the remote and mysterious island country.

The Kingdom of Belgium is located in northwest Europe. It is a small country in terms of land and population, but it is nevertheless a highly developed industrialized country. Belgium is a unique federal country that plays an extraordinary international role in politics, economy, science and technology, culture, diplomacy and other aspects. Brussels, the capital, brings together more than 700 international institutions such as the European Union and NATO, so it is known as the "European Capital". This book comprehensively introduces and analyzes Belgium's physical geography, historical development, political system, economic development, social policy, culture and art, and foreign relations.

The Marshall Islands is located in the central Pacific Ocean and consists of 1,225 large and small coral islands. It has beautiful scenery and is known as the "Black Pearl of the South Pacific". The strategic location of the Marshall Islands is extremely important. It is a strategic location in the South Pacific and an important fulcrum of the US military's Pacific defense system. The Marshall Islands is a small island developing country. Commercial activities are mainly concentrated in Majuro and Ebeye, while the outer islands are mainly based on subsistence agriculture. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the political, historical, economic, social, cultural, and diplomatic aspects of the Marshall Islands.

Ethiopia is located in northeastern Africa and is one of the ancient African civilizations. It has beautiful natural scenery, historical heritage such as ancient castles and ancient churches, and is a popular tourist attraction. Ethiopia's industrial and service sectors are developing rapidly and it has become one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. The capital, Addis Ababa, is the seat of the headquarters of international organizations such as the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Ethiopia plays an active role in foreign affairs in the region. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces Ethiopia's political, historical, economic, social, cultural, and diplomatic aspects.

Located in the hinterland of the Indochina Peninsula, Thailand is known as the "Land of Smiles" and has been an important regional hub for economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West since ancient times. After more than 700 years of historical accumulation, modernity and tradition, piety and flashiness, unrestrainedness and restraint, boldness and femininity, many different characteristics have been deeply reflected in Thai social life, as if the prism reflects the brilliant brilliance, making it difficult to grasp its essence. This book will lift up the mystery of Thailand for you and lead you to have a more comprehensive and profound understanding of the friendly neighbors "China and Thailand are one family".

Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellis Islands, is located in the southwest Pacific. The country consists of 9 coral reef island groups with a land area of ​​26 square kilometers. The country's foreign exchange income mainly comes from collecting fishing fees from foreign ships, overseas labor remittances, sales of stamps and copra, and foreign aid funds. Tuvalu's low altitude puts the country at risk of sinking under sea levels caused by rising global temperatures. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Tuvalu's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

India is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world and created the Indus Valley Civilization. India is the largest country in the South Asian subcontinent and is rich in cultural heritage and natural resources. It has become an important representative of developing countries in achieving economic rise, and has made certain achievements in the country's politics, economy, military, society, culture, and foreign relations. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of India's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

Palestine is located in the west of Asia and on the east coast of the Mediterranean. It is the junction of the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe, and the intersection of Eastern and Western civilizations. Since the dawn of mankind, the struggle for survival resources has been ongoing here, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has continued for more than a hundred years without being effectively resolved. However, here there is not only history and religion, smoke and war, but also bustling cities and villages, modern colleges and universities, and a booming information industry... This book comprehensively introduces the basic situation of Palestine's national conditions, history, politics, economy, military, diplomacy and other aspects.

Pakistan is located in the northwest of the South Asian subcontinent and has a unique geographical location. Pakistan is a developing country with rich mineral and animal resources. It is an important node of the "Belt and Road Initiative" and a key part of the "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor". As China-Pakistan relations enter a new era, the reprint of this book will not only help readers gain a timely and comprehensive understanding of the country, but also provide background knowledge for a deep understanding of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative.

Israel is the homeland of the Jewish people, which may be just an abstract concept for many Chinese people. When people talk about Israel, they often have a series of questions: How did Israel come into being? What kind of country is it? What is its historical connection to the Jewish people? What is unique about it to the world? At what level does it attract the world's attention and attention? "Why Israel" sorts out these complex issues one by one from the historical context. On the basis of providing numerous historical backgrounds, character stories, and event processes, it helps readers understand Israel and its status and influence in today's world from the aspects of history, politics, and culture.

Cape Verde is located on the Cape Verde Islands in the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa. It is located at the maritime transportation hub of Europe, Africa and the Americas, and is known as the "crossroads of all continents". Although Cape Verde is an African country, it integrates African civilization and European civilization, and has the reputation of "the most European-style African country". This book provides a relatively detailed introduction to Cape Verde's land, economy, politics, history, culture, society, diplomacy, etc., Hoping that readers can have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of this unique African country.

Japan is our country's neighbor across the sea. It is not only the third largest economy in the world, but also has strong strength in military, science and technology, education, culture, sports and other aspects. China and Japan have a history of long-term friendly exchanges and also have records of military encounters. Since the normalization of diplomatic relations in 1972, the friendly cooperation between the two countries has achieved fruitful results, but there have also been frequent setbacks on historical understanding, territorial sovereignty, Taiwan and other issues. Therefore, how to get along with Japan, a neighboring country, is an important issue for us. In order to enable readers to have an in-depth understanding of Japan, the author of this book provides an objective and fair explanation of Japan's basic national conditions and development status.

Kiribati is located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and is a country of coral reefs. It consists of three archipelagos: Gilbert Islands, Phoenix Islands and Line Islands. It has a land area of ​​811 square kilometers and an exclusive economic zone of nearly 3.55 Million square kilometers. The Phoenix Islands have retained a nearly complete natural ecology and were included in the World Natural Heritage List in 2010. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces Kiribati's political, historical, economic, social, cultural, and diplomatic situations.

As an old capitalist country, the UK has not only played an important role in world history, but is still an important and irreplaceable actor on the international stage. At the same time, the UK has had an important influence on other countries in many aspects such as political ideas, industrial models, science and technology, culture and art. In addition, the UK also has many historical and cultural heritage and beautiful natural scenery. This book comprehensively introduces and analyzes the physical geography, historical development, political system, economic development, social policy, culture and art, and foreign relations of the United Kingdom. It has rich and comprehensive content and detailed information. It is an essential reference book for understanding and studying the United Kingdom.

The Solomon Islands are located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, facing Papua New Guinea to the west and Vanuatu to the southeast, and are rich in tourism resources. The Solomon Islands have a long history and cultural tradition, with humans living here as early as 30,000 years ago. Solomon Islands is an agricultural country. Forestry is the main pillar of the national economy. In recent years, the mining industry has developed vigorously. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the politics, history, economy, society, culture and diplomacy of Solomon Islands.

In ancient times, the northern and southern sides of the Mediterranean belonged to the same civilization circle, which was the Roman world created by the Romans. The separation did not begin until after the 7th century. The Roman world perished when the Mediterranean ceased to be an inland sea, and when the Mediterranean ceased to be a thoroughfare connecting people and became a boundary sea that separated people. In the future, the Mediterranean Sea became such an ocean. There must be a Saracen Tower built on the top of the seaside cliff to notify people of the attack of Saracen pirates and let people flee. There were also ships full of Crusaders heading east sailing on the sea. When 1000 AD passed, the Italian maritime city-states of Pisa, Genoa and Venice were increasingly prospering in their trade with the Eastern Islamic world, and the Mediterranean gradually became a sea for trading ships to sail back and forth. Later, the Mediterranean Sea became the sea of ​​the Renaissance era that held high the banner of the revival of ancient times and the revival of human rights. In 476 AD, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Mediterranean entered an era of division among the powerful. "With a sword in his right hand and a Quran in his left hand", Saracen pirates who were good at plundering and kidnapping were wreaking havoc in the Mediterranean. The order of the Mediterranean was broken, and their barbaric behavior caused the people of the Mediterranean to suffer from plunder. Then the Ottoman Empire used the pirates in North Africa as a stepping stone to enter the Mediterranean and pressed hard on the Christian world. In contrast, Spain led by Carlos, who also served as Holy Roman Emperor in the Christian world, France led by Francis I, and the Republic of Venice, etc. The ideas and interests of different countries and leaders were intertwined, and the great powers fought against each other. In order to fight against the Islamic pirates, the military forces of Christendom gathered together...

The full name of Jordan is the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. It is located in western Asia and is basically a landlocked country. Jordan is relatively short of fresh water and not rich in oil resources. Jordan is relatively open, its people live a relatively prosperous life, and its economy and society are relatively stable. Tourism is one of Jordan's pillar industries, and Petra, the Dead Sea, and Wadi Rum Desert are all popular tourist destinations for tourists from all over the world. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces all aspects of Jordan's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

When people think of Switzerland, they think of the beautiful Lake Geneva, the magnificent Alpine snow-capped mountains, the fragrant Nescafe coffee, the mysterious bank, the legendary Swiss watch that has gone through centuries, and the unique system of "armed neutrality" but all the people are soldiers, practicing "neutrality" but pursuing an active foreign policy, and so on. Indeed, this small pocket-sized country in central Western Europe carries too many legends. It is a country where nature and human civilization have developed to the extreme perfection and harmony. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces Switzerland's politics, history, economy, society, culture, and diplomacy.

How did the British Empire rise and shape the modern world in just 400 years? In Britain today, has its dominance ended? In a new book, Niall Ferguson, one of Britain's foremost financial historians, delves into the rise of the British Empire and its important role in politics, economics and world trade. How can this rainy archipelago country overlooking the northwestern coast of the European continent achieve global dominance? This is not only a concern of British history, but also a fundamental issue that needs to be explained in world history. The author does not intend to describe the general history of the British Empire in detail in this book, but only wants to record the development of globalization driven by the British Empire and its colonies. "Empire" is generally based on a chronological framework, mainly focusing on the six major themes of commodity market globalization, labor market globalization, cultural globalization, political system globalization, capital market globalization, and war globalization to record the reasons for the rise of an empire and its profound impact on other countries. Reading this book will definitely help you understand the rise of the empire and the subtle process of the transfer of imperial power. At the same time, from a historical perspective, you will understand the role of the rise of the British Empire in the process of world history.

Bosnia and Herzegovina, referred to as "Bosnia and Herzegovina", is located in the central and western part of the Balkan Peninsula. The capital, Sarajevo, is the intersection of Eastern and Western cultures, where Orthodox Christianity, Catholicism, Islam, and Judaism take root. Known as "the most beautiful town in Eastern Europe", Mostar is unforgettable with its clear rivers, spectacular valleys and quaint castles. This book provides a comprehensive overview of Bosnia and Herzegovina's national conditions, history, politics, economy, military, diplomacy and other basic situations.

Canada is a large North American country that spans three oceans. It is a multi-racial and multi-ethnic multicultural country. It has experienced the transition from a colony to a dominion to an independent federal country. It is a country with abundant resources, developed economy and stable society. This book provides a relatively comprehensive introduction to Fiji from various aspects such as geography, history, politics, economy, military, society, culture, and diplomacy. It has important reference value for readers to get closer to and understand Canada.

Burkina Faso and Togo are two small neighboring countries in West Africa, with a combined area of ​​just over 330,000 square kilometers. One of them is located inland, and the other is close to the Gulf of Guinea, but their official language is French. They also have many things in common during their historical development. They are important agricultural and mineral resource countries in West Africa. There has been little research on them in Chinese academic circles. This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the natural and human environment of these two countries, as well as the history, politics, economy, military, culture, education and foreign relations of these two countries. The information is informative and novel, the discussion is objective and fair, and the writing is smooth. It has important reference value for those who study African issues, especially those who are interested in developing economic, trade and cultural exchanges with West Africa.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest country on the Saudi Arabian Peninsula, accounting for approximately 80% of the total area of ​​the Arabian Peninsula. The desert occupies about half of the country's area. There are no permanent rivers and lakes throughout the territory. The climate is dry and hot. There is abundant oil under the sand sea. It is one of the world's top oil producers and exporters. Saudi Arabia has a long history. The Prophet Muhammad began preaching in Mecca in the 7th century AD. Mecca is the holiest site in Islam, and millions of people go to Mecca every year for pilgrimage. Mecca, where Muhammad is buried, is the second holiest site in Islam.

Bangladesh is like a piece of green emerald, embedded in the subcontinent on the southern side of the Himalayas. The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet in its hinterland, making it the third largest river in the world. It is home to the Bengal tiger and has the longest natural beach in the world. In this beautiful land, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam have each taken the lead. It is a young country with a long history and rich culture. Since its independence in 1971, in less than 40 years, its democratic politics has gradually matured, and its economy and society have continued to develop, leaving a distinct and profound impression on the world. The friendly relations between Bangladesh and China are as long-standing as the Brahmaputra River and as indestructible as the Himalayas.

Zimbabwe is a landlocked country in sub-Saharan Africa, located in the Eastern and Southern Africa Plateau, the largest area on the African continent. The area and climate characteristics are similar to those of Yunnan Province in my country. The climate here is pleasant and the scenery is picturesque. The famous Victoria Falls is located on the Zambezi River on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia. Its majesty and majestic momentum make it a fascinating place for domestic and foreign tourists. The ancient stone city displayed in the ruins of Great Zimbabwe is regarded as one of the symbols of Zimbabwe and even African civilization. It also makes Zimbabwe the only country in the world whose name is based on archaeological excavations. Due to the invasion of modern colonialists, Zimbabwe's traditional civilization and social development trajectory have been distorted. Zimbabwe truly gained new life on April 18, 1980, becoming one of the later countries on the African continent to gain independence. In the past 30 years, Zimbabwe has attracted the world's attention from time to time with its unique development process. The author Chen Yulai went to Zimbabwe for a short-term academic visit in 1987 with funding from the Ford Foundation in the United States. He was one of the first Chinese scholars to visit Zimbabwe in the new era of reform and opening up. During the visit, the author traveled throughout urban and rural areas and participated in many local community activities under the guidance of local people, gaining a large amount of vivid information and impressions.

Tunisia is an Arab country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has a long history. As early as 1200 BC, the Phoenicians entered Tunisia and created the splendid Carthaginian civilization. Since the 1980s, Tunisia has accelerated its pace of modernization and has become one of the countries with the most outstanding development results in West Asia and Africa.

Was the Roman Empire ended by "barbarians"? In this latest masterpiece by Princeton University historian Professor O'Donnell, we will discover that the decline of the Roman Empire can by no means be summed up by a simple sentence: "Barbarism always defeats civilization." Culturally, the Romans respected Greek culture, but regarded other conquered peoples as "barbarians" and believed that they did not need to respect these peoples and cultures, nor did they need to promote Roman culture to them. But you must know that no society can rely solely on force to protect itself. Economically, the fragile economic model of the Roman Empire directly resulted in a long period of poverty and misery, all of which could have been avoided. The Romans also discovered, slowly and the hard way, that religion could powerfully shape society and promote the common good, but it also brought conflict and division. Empires are not eternal, and those things that should have been possible but haven't are always like a shadow hanging over past successes. The decline of the Roman Empire also foreshadowed today's crisis and provided reference for solving today's crisis.

This set contains: two works "My Promised Land" and "A Hundred Years Across the Middle East". "Across a Century of Middle East" discusses the ins and outs of a century of disputes in the Middle East through travel and research. Taking the historical context as a guide, the book summarizes the Middle East issues into several major topics and divides them into chapters, interspersed with the author's on-site observations, and reproduces the centuries-old contradictions and conflicts in the Middle East in the form of stories. "My Promised Land" is a shocking history of the founding of the State of Israel, as well as a history of the struggle and rejuvenation of the Jewish nation over the past century. The author Ali Shavit uses his own family story as an introduction, and through personal experiences, in-depth interviews, historical documents, personal diaries, letters, etc., Through each gripping individual story, he attempts to describe the panoramic history of Israel, so as to elicit deeper thinking about the Israeli state, and conduct a historical sorting out the origins of disputes in the Middle East.

The African continent is rich in resources and has a large population, but most countries are relatively backward in development. The author selects three representative countries, Somalia, Ethiopia and Zimbabwe, to sort out their modern histories and explore the reasons for the success and decline of African countries.