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This book focuses on the succession of the throne, the core issue of medieval imperial politics. It strives to reveal the specific manifestations, connections and universal laws of the succession of the throne in different periods under the special background of the times. It also provides new interpretations of relevant important political events and figures. It systematically sorts out the entanglement of the fates of individuals, families and countries in the succession of the throne in the Middle Ages, as well as key factors such as national traditions and clan politics that affect the succession of the throne, as well as the characteristics of the medieval era, thereby reflecting the changes and significance of medieval political culture.

Chiqiao Village is adjacent to Jinci Temple and has a long history and profound cultural heritage. It is also famous in academic circles at home and abroad for Liu Dapeng's "Diary of Tuixiangzhai", making it an ideal field spot. In 2017, the Shanxi Social History Research Center selected 10 students to conduct a semester-long field investigation in Chiqiao Village on weekends, conducting detailed research around settlement, immigration, folk customs, papermaking, opera, clothing industry and other issues. During this period, the students carefully reviewed literature, interviewed elders, and went into the field to collect folk literature and oral materials, and successfully completed the writing of the inspection report. These reports implement the concept of "going to the fields and society" and deepen students' understanding of the history and reality of village society. This book is a collection of the results of this field survey and a display of the center's undergraduate teaching and research results to the academic community.

This collection of papers consists of research papers from four aspects: academic history research on historical documents, research on bamboo slips and silk books, archaeological research, and research on military culture in the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties. A total of 39 papers were selected. Specific studies mostly focus on the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties of early China. According to the academic method of "double evidence method" advocated by Mr. Wang Guowei, the characteristics and efforts of this collection of papers are to combine the literature materials unearthed in recent years with the documents handed down from ancient times for research.

Kate's Rebellion in 1549 was the largest popular uprising in the Tudor Dynasty in the late Middle Ages in England. At that time, Britain was in an important stage of transition from feudal society to capitalist society. Kate's Rebellion was a violent protest led by wealthy yeoman farmers and widely participated by urban freemen, craftsmen, merchants, small farmers, homeless people and other lower-class working people in urban and rural society to oppose aristocratic oppression and pursue social justice. Kate's Rebellion was the most mature of the many uprisings in Britain during the turbulent years of the mid-16th century. It was a concentrated expression of the social crisis in Britain. This social crisis was caused by a series of issues such as enclosure movements, religious reform, political reform, currency devaluation, demographic and social problems. Kate's Rebellion had an important impact on the development of British politics and was a landmark event in British "popular politics". This book analyzes the occurrence patterns of social crises and believes that mass politics can take five forms: revolution, uprising, riot, petition and public opinion.

This book conducts an overall study of Zhu Xi's historical thoughts. Zhu Xi took the Theory of Heaven as the cornerstone of his theory, and his historical philosophy was divided into three levels: Heavenly Principles, Events, and Mental Techniques. He had the characteristics of "using reason to explain history and using history to prove reason", and completely constructed a system of righteousness and history. Zhu Xi emphasized the complementarity of historical styles in the compilation of historical works, and the historian's mental skills in argumentation were the intermediate link between Liu Zhiji's three great historians and Zhang Xuecheng's theory of history. This book examines the writing process of "Zizhi Tongjian Gangmu" and denies the view that the Siku officials followed Wang Bai's work in the late Song Dynasty and that the book was written by Zhao Shiyuan. In the process of Zhu Xi being "sage-ed", the backward factors in his historical thoughts had a greater impact on later generations.

This book provides theoretical explanations and case studies on Chinese cultural heritage from the multidisciplinary and multi-field perspectives of archaeology, ethnology and anthropology, art, and intangible cultural heritage. The archeology chapter includes archaeological sites, tombs and unearthed cultural relics in the northern grassland area during the Paleolithic Age, the Han Dynasty, the Sixteen Kingdoms, the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, and analyzes them from a historical perspective; the ethnology and anthropology chapter includes the northern ethnic groups in ancient Chinese books, the food culture and population characteristics of Khitan, the cultural exchanges of the Silk Road on the grassland, the diversity of grassland culture, the food behaviors and customs of the northern grassland, etc., Involving ethnology, ecological anthropology, dietary anthropology, etc. The theory and research methods of science and other disciplines; the art chapter mainly covers the plastic arts of ancient nations, the classification and characteristics of folk art, the cultural ecological view of folk art heritage, etc., And explores the diverse cultures hidden behind the arts through artistic representations; the intangible cultural heritage chapter includes both theoretical explanations and specific case analysis, including the theory of intangible cultural heritage research, inheritance, protection and development trends, and an in-depth discussion of its phenomenon and essence. This book can be used as a reference for those interested in archaeology, ethnology, anthropology, art, and cultural heritage.

This book uses the archives of Nannan County and Ba County in the Qing Dynasty to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study of the lower-class female groups in the Qing Dynasty who have been "voiceless" for a long time, including their living environment and living conditions, kinship relationships and interpersonal interactions, family status and social situation, as well as the impact of local customs and different grassroots social forces on the lives of lower-class women. At the same time, this book examines issues such as gender relations, family conflicts, class antagonisms, and judicial fairness in the Qing Dynasty from a female perspective. It strives to vividly and objectively present the historical image of the lower-class female groups in the Qing Dynasty, and explores issues such as social class, gender concepts, official ideology, economic and cultural changes, and women's self-awakening in the Qing Dynasty. It will, to a certain extent, improve the academic community's understanding of lower-class women in the Qing Dynasty, so that they, together with middle- and upper-class women, constitute the historical panorama of traditional Chinese women.

This book conducts a systematic study of the examples of oracle bone inscriptions in the Yin Ruins. The main contents include: research on the types of inscriptions, including basic types and complex types; statistical analysis of the types of large-scale tortoise shell inscriptions and the types of anti-zhen inscriptions; special research on examples of oracle inscriptions on Zhongzhen, Duizhen, and Xuan. The four types of oracle bone inscriptions, Zhen and Buzhen, which account for a high proportion of the oracle bone inscriptions, are specially studied, including the symmetry and asymmetry, positive and negative relationships, layout positions, and direction of inscriptions, etc.; Triangular inscriptions, three-divine inscriptions, and triangular inscriptions arranged in a triangular form. A special study on the inscriptions and "A Thousand Miles of Road"; a special study on the arrangement forms of antithesis and repeated antithesis of the two main types of oracle bone inscriptions; a special study on the relationship between corresponding positions, separated positions, adjacent positions, alternating positions and diagonal relative positions on the same edition and inscriptions ; Application research on the results of research on oracle examples; Research on the divination system, way of thinking, cultural concepts, and aesthetic psychology of the Shang Dynasty reflected in the examples; The impact of oracle bone inscriptions on later generations, and comparative study of oracle examples and the Eight Trigrams and Sixty-Four Hexagrams of the Zhouyi.

The Northern Song Dynasty government's move to build fortifications in the northwest region has always been the focus of academic circles. This book combines research on the layout of cities and towns in the northwest, national policies, dynamic population changes, and economic development during the Northern Song Dynasty, and finally summarizes a theoretical system for border management and control in the northwest during the Northern Song Dynasty. That is, in addition to war, more attention is paid to people's livelihood, and soft management of grassroots society is strengthened. Through continuous cultural integration, effective management and control of the border from inside to outside, from micro to macro is achieved.

This book takes Du Fu's residence and burial place as clues, and takes Du Fu's former residence, ancestral halls, tombs, pavilions and pavilions that have been handed down to later generations as the research object. Based on field investigations, it combines Du Fu's poetics, philology, historical geography and other methods. Method, an in-depth examination of the origin, historical changes and cultural value of Du Fu's relics in fifteen places including Xi'an, Huxian, Yanzhou, Yan'an, Qinzhou, Chengzhou, Liting, Chengdu, Zizhou, Langzhou, Kuizhou, Yanshi, Gongxian, Leiyang and Pingjiang. The chapters in the book are independent but connected with each other, depicting the grand and colorful historical picture of Du Fu's relics from the Tang Dynasty to the present, and showing Du Fu's long-lasting social influence over thousands of years. It is currently the most systematic and comprehensive study of Du Fu's relics.

Etiquette is both an object and a perspective; it is both a scope and a field. In the historical development process of ritual studies, in the writings of ritual scholars, it has presented a variety of academic forms and academic demands of explanation and argumentation. Its connection with various ideological expressions also has different presentations. This can be seen in the case studies and discussions in this book. This book selects some important ritual figures from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Song and Ming dynasties, and examines and discusses them in eight chapters, either collectively or separately. The first chapter is the study of Wang Su, Xiong Ansheng and Huang Kan's "Book of Rites" studies, as well as Kong Yingda's quotations and comments on their theories in the Tang Dynasty, including the evaluation of later scholars, etc., Which becomes the content of the first chapter. Then the era jumped to the Song Dynasty, that is, the etiquette thoughts of Li Gou, Wang Anshi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, and Zhu Xi became the discussion content of Chapters 2 to 5 respectively. Among them, the political ideals, reform practices, and metaphysical theoretical constructions carried by etiquette, as well as the reconstruction of the etiquette text system and the emphasis on family rituals, can be said to be the embodiment of the academic and profound thinking of the representatives of etiquette in the two Song Dynasties. Wu Cheng, Fang Xiaoru, and Huang Daozhou are representatives of etiquette writings and ideological expressions in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Their writings and academic thoughts are expressed in different forms. The last three chapters of this book select their distinctive etiquette chapters for investigation and analysis to present their different styles of etiquette thought.

Shang Yang, Empress Dowager Xuan, Gan Luo, Bai Qi, Zheng Guo, Lu Buwei, Qin Shihuang, Li Si, Wushi Luo, Ba Zhuqing, Zhao Tuo, Shangshan Sihao, etc. All played important historical roles on the stage of Qin history. "Manuscript on Figures in Qin History" is based on the author's research on the above figures in Qin history. Through the analysis of these historical figures who have influenced the process of Qin history, it deepens the understanding of Qin history and Qin culture. Understanding the positions, thoughts, expressions and historical impacts of these characters can provide valuable new discoveries for examining Qin history from multiple perspectives. The style of Qin culture can also be explained more specifically and vividly.

This is a historical work that deeply explores the life of Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty. From Zhao Kuangyin's early experience, military talents, political wisdom to his final mysterious death, the multi-faceted nature of this historical figure is comprehensively and truly demonstrated. By sorting out Zhao Kuangyin's life, readers can have a deeper understanding of the background of the establishment of the Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin's personal charm and his important role in Chinese history.

After Pei Yuan, a surgeon, inherited his grandmother's ancient bronze mirror, a tattoo of a lady pouring wine appeared on his left hand, and his right eye gradually developed cracks in the oracle bone. Traveling through the Shang Dynasty to divine human sacrifices, the prosperous Tang Dynasty broke into the mechanical imperial concubine, and the modern hospital was shocked to see Lin Xia's future self-anatomy - his body mutated with the changes of history, and his memory was split into bloody puzzle pieces by time and space. When the grandmother's inscription on the Yinxu altar, the death hexagram of the twelfth year of Kaiyuan, and the broken body of the timekeeper crystallized in the morgue are connected in series, a conspiracy spanning three thousand years emerges: all dynasties are cages in the mirror that feed the "gu of time", and Pei Yuan is the third generation time vessel that was cultivated. If he wants to break the deadlock, he needs to bet on the last remaining humanity in the siege of the mirror image of history.

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Cao Cao's soul traveled through Songjiang. --The water in Liangshan is too small to become a place where dragons thrive. It is better to imitate the previous life, occupy Yanzhou, occupy Qingzhou, recreate the "Qingzhou Army" and move to the north. --The 108 civil and military leaders, although powerful, are difficult to compare with Guo, Xun, Cheng, Jia, the "Eight Tigers of the Clan" and the "Five Sons of Good Generals", and less than 23 out of 10 are worthy of use. It is better to imitate the previous life, recruit talents, select and use the best, and wait for the talents to arrive, and then you can achieve great things. --The important thing is that there is insufficient land, money and food. Robbery of officials and merchants is the work of grass bandits. It is not a long-term solution. If soldiers are recruited to farm the fields, they will eventually have to use the funds. It would be better to follow the example of the previous life, appoint a lieutenant in Faqiu, a captain in Mojin, and dig up the ancient tombs of the predecessors for military use. Cao Cao: "All the ancient tombs before the Eastern Han Dynasty have been excavated by Gu. More than 900 years ago from the end of the Han Dynasty to the present, there must be many ancient tombs, but Gu... Huh? Gaoling of Emperor Wu of Wei, whose tomb is this?" Wu Yong, Gongsun Sheng, Guan Sheng, Wu Song: "No! How can you touch my brother's tomb!" [Water Margin fan] [Farming development] [No system, no cheating] [In the late Northern Song Dynasty, official history and narratives of some historical figures will be appropriately combined]

The seventh prince Zhao Xuan spent two years driving the invading barbarians out of Beishuo Prefecture. He used 200,000 frontier troops to fight against 300,000 enemies, destroyed 200,000 enemies, retreated 300 miles, and was granted the title of Zhenbei King. It took another thirteen years to recruit 100,000 heavily armored cavalry, enter Beijing with a high profile, and win the throne. Open a restaurant, build a security bureau, make steel, handle water transportation, collect salt gangs, and train the navy. Let new era ideas take root in the old era dynasty. Later scholars wrote: Yangyang Dayu is located in the eighty-seven counties of Kyushu. However, the weather did not agree, floods occurred, and the Yujiang River burst its banks, destroying the "granary of the world" in one fell swoop. Deaths from starvation were everywhere, and the royal family's children were busy fighting for power. Who will save all people from fire and water? The national treasury is empty, salt quotas are overproduced, tax revenue has plummeted, but officials at all levels only know how to engage in corruption and exploitation. Who will help the building collapse? Foreign tribes invaded, border passes were lost, hundreds of thousands of border troops were slaughtered, civil servants bowed their knees and laughed in flattery, and military generals were timid and fearful. Who will defend the country from danger?

Traveling through the late Han Dynasty, Xu An chose to be a counselor when faced with a golden finger that "gained ninety kilograms of strength every year". A letter from Yanzhou made Cao Cao shocked! Guo Jia doesn't vote? Four color theorem. Food shortage? Futures speculation in grain. Liu Xie won't come? Please enter the urn. At Guandu, Guan Yu was away and Wuchao was without food. Xu An defeated Yuan Shao's army of 500,000 with 70,000 men. In Hefei, Xu An triggered thunder and fire, which burned the Jiangdong Army for ten years and did not dare to move rashly. When people in the world thought that Xu An was just a wise and wise military advisor, he rode into Jingzhou alone and fought against the Huns alone. Yuan Shao: How could Cao Ah Man be so lucky to get Xu An? Guan Yu: Isn't this guy a civil servant? Why is the horse fighting so fierce? Liu Bei: Cao Wei has Xu An, does God want to destroy our great Han? I suggest that we all gang up on him. Mi Zhen, Zhen Mi, Da Qiao, Xiao Qiao: Brother Xu An is so perfect and a good match. Cao Cao: Seeing the green sword is like seeing me. Anyone holding the sword can kill without guilt in the land of Wei. Give orders to the three armies!

Traveled through the Ming Dynasty and became the emperor's grandson Zhu Xiongying. You get a grass block at the beginning, which can open the door to the MC world. Zhu Xiongying: Grandpa Huang, have you ever seen wheat that ripens once a day?

Many years later, when Peng Zaozhu looked at His Majesty Zhu Yuanzhang and Fang Guozhen standing solemnly holding wat boards, he would surely recall that distant morning when his father returned from hunting. That day, there were two more sets of bowls and chopsticks in the house. My father was Peng Daxuxian, my stepmother was named Yang, and my stepbrother was named Han. Peng Zaozhu dared to vouch for the personality of his future brother-in-law Zhu Yuanzhang. At that time, after it was basically confirmed through various information that his stepbrother was the future Xiao Ming King Han Lin'er, he just thought about the rare goods and used them as political capital. In the future, he could sell them at a good price to the future Ming Taizu and get a job as a state official. It wasn't until one day when Fang Guozhen returned from fishing that Zhu Yuanzhang put a yellow robe on him. Only then did Peng Zaozhu realize that something seemed wrong. "Why is there a silk book in this fish?" "Brother, it's getting cold, so put on more clothes." "You, hey... You are really hurting me!"

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Zhang Zifan traveled through time and became the most inconspicuous little eunuch in the palace of the Daqian Dynasty. But luckily he is just a fake eunuch, What makes Zhang Zifan even more incredible is that he can actually hear the voice of the empress Qin Rushuang. Any man who tries to get close to me shall die. In order to save his life, Zhang Zifan could only find ways to please the empress. He suddenly became a powerful 9,000-year-old man. As the mystery of his life experience was slowly revealed, Zhang Zifan discovered that he was not just a little eunuch, He also has another identity as the sixth prince of the Liang Dynasty. The battle for the right to inherit the heir has always been accompanied by bloodshed. His mother-in-law was framed to death in order to save him, and his men died in order to save him. The hatred of killing one's mother is irreconcilable, and the men's bodies were wasted before their bones were cold, and the people of Daliang are in dire straits. For revenge, for the people, for the world, Zhang Zifan resolutely embarked on the bloody road to seize the throne again. ... After ascending to the throne of God, Zhang Zifan sat firmly on the throne and heard the familiar voice again. [I didn't expect that the little eunuch I liked is now a Nine-Five Supreme. Looking sideways, there was a young eunuch with delicate features standing on one side. It's just that the little eunuch's features were so familiar to him...

In the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu, the soul of later generations traveled through time and became Zhu Yuanzhang. Faced with the death of Prince Zhu Biao due to illness and the undecided state heir apparent, the situation became increasingly complicated. He had no choice but to cherish his old age and make one last charge towards history. Of course, the first thing is to call Zhu Di back! The prince died young, Zhu Di, come to supervise the country! ...

Modern young man Long Xiao accidentally traveled through time while playing the Three Kingdoms game. When he opened his eyes, he found himself on the battlefield of the Three Kingdoms. Just when he was at a loss, the War God's Rise system was activated, and millions of heroes were generously given to him on the first day. With this incredible help, he turned the tide, reversed the situation of the war, and became famous. Behind the glory, various forces covet it, either wooing it or suppressing it. Let's see how he uses the system to continue to grow in troubled times, maneuvering around, and planning for the world...

Extract philosophy from each story, let wisdom accumulate over time, enlighten the soul, and realize the true meaning of life.

In 1937, Jinling was in trouble, the Japanese army was raging, and the prosperous ancient capital was reduced to a scorched earth purgatory. Geng Yu, a soldier of the national army, was born in an Orion family in Luweidang, north of the Yangtze River. He survived the brutal strangulation in the Nanjing Defense War. At the Yijiangmen position, he hugged the broken military flag tightly and faced waves of enemy troops, leading the remaining troops to fight to the death. Every time the trigger is pulled and the bayonet is brandished, it is full of hatred for the invaders, and they use their flesh and blood to build a defense line against foreign aggression. At Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences, Li Shoufang, who is studying nursing, tied up her blood-stained white coat under the bell tower. She led the female students to transform the library into a temporary hospital. With trembling but firm hands, she stitched up the wounds of the injured and extended their lives. Under the shadow of the Japanese army's search, she cleverly hid the refugees in the cellar, facing the danger with a weak body, with the scalpel in hand, which was a fearless edge to protect her life. On the Qinhuai River, Uncle Xing once made a living among the sound of oars and the shadows of lights, but now he did not care about life and death. Driving a leaky sampan to and from the south bank and the north bank amid the hail of bullets, the side of the boat was riddled with bullet holes and the ropes were stained with blood. Even though the Japanese bayonets were approaching, his calloused hands never let go of the rudder, focusing on creating an escape channel for the people. Dusk ends and smoke fills the air. Geng Yu's roar, Li Shoufang's medicine box, and Uncle Xing's oars intertwined into a passionate melody of resistance. They were ordinary people, but at the darkest moment when the mountains and rivers were shattered, they bravely shouldered heavy responsibilities and stood up the backbone of the nation. With hot blood, on the ruins of Jinling, the magnificent epic of the Chinese nation's unyielding was engraved.

AD 1626, tomorrow will be the sixth year. Natural disasters and man-made disasters alternate with each other, and the world will be destroyed but not destroyed. ... The carpenter's bosom friend, Chongzhen's friend, and a soul for future generations. Wang Qingyun began an extraordinary experimental path on this soil where careerists breed. What kind of flowers will bloom when the soul collides with the times? ... Is it better to fight against the tide than the tide of the times, or does the times create heroes? Wang Qingyun had no way of knowing, so he could only move forward. ... Forging immortality in the furnace of blood and fire Use the torrent of steel to create peace A new era is coming quietly at our feet ...

Lin Yu traveled through the Qing Dynasty and became He Shen, taking the imperial examination step by step and competing with Ji Xiaolan. Improve policies to make the Qing Dynasty strong.

Lin Yan traveled through time and space to an imaginary era. He was in an unfamiliar place. Fortunately, he was not alone. His brother Lin Feng came with him. He must have golden fingers, and a mobile phone also came with him. However, mobile phones cannot solve the problem of eating! Even if you can't afford food, you still have to take the imperial examination, and maybe you will be rich.

"40 Years of Chinese History (1978-2018)" invites scholars from various relevant disciplines to discuss the overview and current situation of the development of Chinese history in the past 40 years of reform and opening up, and to look forward to its prospects and trends. The content covers Chinese archeology, ancient Chinese history, modern Chinese history, modern Chinese history, as well as Chinese local history, ethnic history, border history, historical geography, economic history, social history, ideological and cultural history, history of history, historical theory, urban history, religious history, world history, the history of World War II, etc., And provides a relatively complete overview of the development and changes of Chinese history over the past 40 years. The authors of "40 Years of Chinese History (1978-2018)" are academic leaders and famous scholars in various branches of history in the field of history. They have high academic standards and authority. This makes "40 Years of Chinese History (1978-2018)" a must-read reference book for researching and learning history.

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Come to China Literature's website to read more of my works!

Come to China Literature's website to read more of my works!

This issue contains a total of 6 articles, including 4 Chinese documents and 2 translated manuscripts. "Selected Historical Materials Concerning the Sino-Japanese War of 1899-1899" written by Enze Cunzhao contains letters sent by Changshun, Anding, Yiketang'a, and Liu Kunyi during the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 by Enze Cunzha, who were former generals of Heilongjiang. The content is mostly related to military affairs, especially the response strategies of all parties, and has important historical value. "Gu Zhaoxin's Family Letters" contains 19 family letters from Gu Zhaoxin, who served as the General Office of the Prime Minister's Office Zhang Jing, covering the negotiations at Jiaozhou Bay, the obstruction of Zhang Zhidong's entry into the hub in the year 1898, Weng Tonghe's vacancy, the "Sixth Letter" of the General Administration's proposal to rehabilitate Kang Youwei, Zhang Yinhuan's dismissal after the coup, and Emperor Guangxu's edict to seek medical treatment. "Selected Translations of the Archives of Sino-Soviet Relations (1924-1932)" is selected from the Russian Archives and a collection of documents published by Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The content mainly covers the Soviet attitude towards the Middle East Railway, Sino-Soviet relations after the September 18th Incident, and Xinjiang issues. It is of great reference value for understanding Sino-Soviet relations during this period. "Zhang Tailei's Speech at the Fourth Congress of the Youth Communist International" comes from the Russian State Social and Political Historical Archives. It is a record of Zhang Tailei's speech at the Youth Communist International Congress in 1924. This issue will continue to publish "Letter from Xiliang" and "Memories of June 2nd".

This issue contains a total of 6 articles, including 4 Chinese documents and 2 translated manuscripts. "Selected Historical Materials Concerning the Sino-Japanese War of 1899-1899" written by Enze Cunzhao contains letters sent by Changshun, Anding, Yiketang'a, and Liu Kunyi during the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 by Enze Cunzha, who were former generals of Heilongjiang. The content is mostly related to military affairs, especially the response strategies of all parties, and has important historical value. "Gu Zhaoxin's Family Letters" contains 19 family letters from Gu Zhaoxin, who served as the General Office of the Prime Minister's Office Zhang Jing, covering the negotiations at Jiaozhou Bay, the obstruction of Zhang Zhidong's entry into the hub in the year 1898, Weng Tonghe's vacancy, the "Sixth Letter" of the General Administration's proposal to rehabilitate Kang Youwei, Zhang Yinhuan's dismissal after the coup, and Emperor Guangxu's edict to seek medical treatment. "Selected Translations of the Archives of Sino-Soviet Relations (1924-1932)" is selected from the Russian Archives and a collection of documents published by Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The content mainly covers the Soviet attitude towards the Middle East Railway, Sino-Soviet relations after the September 18th Incident, and Xinjiang issues. It is of great reference value for understanding Sino-Soviet relations during this period. "Zhang Tailei's Speech at the Fourth Congress of the Youth Communist International" comes from the Russian State Social and Political Historical Archives. It is a record of Zhang Tailei's speech at the Youth Communist International Congress in 1924. This issue will continue to publish "Letter from Xiliang" and "Memories of June 2nd".

The Japanese version of "List of Persons Related to Sun Yat-sen and Japan" is based on the principle of "extensive collection, conciseness and conciseness". For some famous Japanese figures related to Sun Yat-sen, it mainly records their relevant deeds. For figures not included in general dictionaries, it is as detailed as possible, and the content also focuses on the relationship with Sun Yat-sen. This book is a result commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Revolution of 1911. It is a striking achievement of Japanese academic circles in the study of Sun Yat-sen in the past thirty years. The first edition of the book was released in November 2011, an expanded edition was released in 2012, and an appendix to the expanded edition was released in 2014. This book is a response to the fruitful academic achievements of China and Japan, and can provide basic information for the more in-depth development of Sun Yat-sen research in both countries. This book is organized and edited by Sun Wen Memorial Hall. There are a total of eighty or ninety people who have compiled and assisted in the collection of information. Most of them are old, middle-aged and young Japanese scholars studying modern Chinese history, such as Yamada Tatsuo, Hazama Naoki, Kubota Bunji, etc. They are all Japanese academic authorities and famous old scholars (all in their eighties) studying modern Chinese history. The publication of the translation of this book will have a great impact on Japanese academic circles and will also be a beautiful sight for Sino-Japanese people-to-people friendship.

In the seventy years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, literary and artistic theory has played an extremely important role in the social and cultural life of the Chinese people in different historical periods. From the influence of some literary and artistic debates on the political trends of the time in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, to the situation in which literature and art entered the core area of ​​the ideological and cultural field during the "Cultural Revolution", to the great significance of literature and art in promoting ideological transformation in the early days of reform and opening up, to the role of literature and art research in the construction of contemporary society and culture in the first decade of the new century, this book has carefully studied everything. The characteristic of this book is that the author does not focus mainly on the description of the historical process of the seventy years, but uses the issues as the outline and selects the central issues of the literary and art debates in the past seventy years for special discussions. He strives to use the theory to bring history and to see the history, and goes deep into the internal affairs of these debates to sort out the data and put forward his own opinions. Therefore, this book not only records the history of literary theory over the past seventy years, but more importantly, learns the new by reviewing the past and puts forward constructive opinions and ideas for the construction of new literary theory in the new era.

This book aims to reflect the living conditions of Beijingers in different areas through the oral accounts of old Beijingers living in different areas of Beijing, and then form a colorful and colorful history of changes in Beijing's urban life. This book is organized according to the characteristics of Beijing's circular structure and is divided into three parts: the inner city, the outer city and the suburbs. The whole book embodies the folk and personal nature of oral history, and the content covers areas that official documents have not touched, including people's social interactions, such as marriage relationships, neighbor relationships, and colleague relationships, as well as people's life interests, such as eating, drinking, playing, and aesthetic tastes.

This achievement is based on the systematic understanding gained by the author's participation in the national "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty Project" and "Chinese Ancient Civilization Discovery Project" in the past twenty years. Based on an in-depth summary of the origin and development path of Chinese civilization and the laws that are clearly different from Western civilization, it is concluded that the Chinese epic system and the Western epic system have different backgrounds. Therefore, it breaks through the shackles of Western epic theories, concepts and terminology, proposes China's own Chinese epic concepts, terminology, etc., And summarizes the theoretical system of Chinese Chinese epic. Among them, an in-depth study was conducted on the corresponding relationship between "poems" and "epics" in Chinese, and new understandings were put forward.

Through the testimonies of twelve Chinese "comfort women" survivors and rich historical materials and investigation evidence, the book reveals the cruel ravages of many women by the Japanese invading army, and reveals the fact that the Japanese army established comfort stations in an organized and planned way to advance the war of aggression. This book is divided into three parts. The first part, "War Memory," outlines the close connection between Japan's war of aggression against China and the "comfort women" system, the fact that the Japanese army recruited "comfort women" on a large scale, the fact-finding investigation of comfort stations, and the appalling sexual crimes committed under the "comfort women" system. The second part, "Survivor Testimonies," records the oral histories of twelve survivors of the Japanese military comfort stations. The author places individual cases within the macro-background of the war, revealing the cruelty Chinese women suffered during the Japanese invasion of China, as well as the tremendous suffering the war brought to the Chinese nation. The third part, "Pursuing Justice," summarizes the neglect of Japanese military sexual crimes in international war criminal trials after World War II, the living conditions of the "comfort women" victim groups, and the "comfort women" compensation movement in the past two decades. This section provides an in-depth analysis of the legal debate on the issue of "comfort women" claims in the international community. The author has extensively collected relevant first-hand historical materials in Japanese and Japanese, combined with contemporary research results in Chinese, Japanese and English, including investigation reports, local historical records, eyewitness testimonies and many other precious Chinese and Japanese archives, to conduct a comprehensive and rigorous review of the history and current situation of the "comfort women" issue, and to provide an in-depth and detailed account of the suffering experience of Chinese women during Japan's war of aggression, as well as their bumpy road to pursuing justice after the war.

From the time when the "Five Elements Chronicles" was first established in the "Book of Han" to the "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty", there are 18 official histories in ancient China that contain the "Five Elements Chronicles" (or chronicles of a similar nature to the "Five Elements Chronicles"). For more than a thousand years, the writing of official history "Five Elements Chronicles" has continued continuously, becoming a noteworthy historical phenomenon. Among them, the "Five Elements Chronicles" contained in the "Song Book", "Nan Qi Book" and "Wei Book", the main official histories of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, are rich in content, contain a large amount of historical information, and vividly reflect the social and political changes at that time. Through research, this book finds that the writing style of the Five Elements Chronicles is weird and full of various irrational elements. However, behind these appearances, it reflects the real political struggles and reflects the "natural disasters and other problems of the era." This "weird" writing actually reflects the reality of history in a tortuous way.

As a part of the world's great trend of constitution-making, the Qing court's constitution-making was deeply influenced by Meiji Japan, and it can be said that "it must be called Japan". Its constitution-making process came to an abrupt halt due to the Revolution of 1911 and suffered setbacks. From the perspective of the Qing government, this book closely follows the relationship between the Qing court's constitution-making and Meiji Japan, details the entire process of China's first constitution-making, summarizes its experience, and evaluates its gains and losses.

This book conducts a systematic and comprehensive study of the historical thoughts of the famous British historian Thomas Macaulay in the mid-19th century. From the two perspectives of historical ontology and epistemology, we focus on Macaulay's Whig history and Whig history, explain his social history, empire, romantic historiography and utilitarian history, and summarize the multi-faceted influence of Macaulay's history.

Based on original archival materials and under the principle of combining history and theory, this book briefly describes the basic overview of the party consolidation movement in Hubei Province from 1951 to 1954. It examines and discusses the party consolidation work of Hubei regional party organizations in the "three evils" movement, the reorganization movement, the land reform (review) movement, the "new three evils" movement and the mutual assistance and cooperation movement, and summarizes the characteristics, significance, effectiveness, experience and inspiration of the party consolidation movement in Hubei Province. Carrying out academic research on the microscopic field of local party history from a theoretical level is not only conducive to a deep understanding of the macro-common characteristics of the national party consolidation movement in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also helps to highlight regional characteristics and obtain useful historical enlightenment.

The "Three Groups" refer to the Hunan Group founded by Zeng Guofan, the Huai Group headed by Li Hongzhang, and the most recent Yuan Shikai Beiyang Group. On the basis of clarifying the status of their respective groups, this book pays special attention to examining the relationships and trends among them, revealing the complex situation of their "multilateral interactions". This means that it is necessary to carry out targeted integrated research, comparative research, dynamic research, and research on the impact of the "internal and external importance" of the power structure of the Qing Dynasty, break the limitations of the perspective of focusing on each of them in isolation, broaden the scope of investigation, enhance the height of conception, and effectively highlight its overall evolutionary characteristics. This can be said to be the basic point of the significance and academic value of this research.

This book is a revised version of "Contemporary Chinese Foreign Literature Research", with added content from 2009 to 2019. Looking at the study of foreign literature in the seventy years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there are two main facts: first, the Soviet model was basically followed in the first seventeen years, but Western literature and cultural traditions were somewhat partial; second, in the last forty years, the "things were reversed", and the large influx of Western literature hit the Chinese literary world unprecedentedly, and provided some kind of leading role in emancipating the mind and bringing order to chaos; without foreign literary theories suddenly appearing around us, Chinese literature would not have been able to quickly cross the boundaries of traditional politics and aesthetics and achieve extensive and profound transformations. However, foreign literary research in this latter period obviously switched to the Western model, thereby somewhat abandoning some of the fine traditions and academic paradigms that should have been adhered to. Of course, this is a big-picture approach to scanning. The specifics are much more complex.

This book takes the century-old development of the radical left-wing parties and the socialist movement in Greece as the main line, adopts a research method that combines history and theory, and systematically examines the history, theory and practice of the Communist Party of Greece and the Syriza League based on the specific political, economic and social backgrounds of Greece in different periods, and outlines the development of the radical left-wing forces in Greece. Important evolutionary episodes such as the rise and development, division and marginalization, revival and rise, show the ups and downs of the Greek radical left party and socialist movement in the past century, and attempt to conduct a theoretical analysis of the Greek radical left practice to provide useful reference and inspiration for the study of today's Western left wing and socialist movements.

Based on the author's three-year teaching aid experience in the South Pacific island country of Samoa, through a large number of first-hand materials, he tells the history, politics, humanities, education, and customs of this mysterious island country, outlines the changes in the public image and social status of overseas Chinese in Samoa over the past 100 years, systematically sorts out China's various aid to Samoa, and uses moving stories to show China in the eyes of Samoans.

This book follows the Marxist view of science and history and the principle of "identity of history and logic". From the comprehensive perspective of "internal-external historical theory", this book mainly describes the author's research results on the history of geographical thought and the geographical chronology before 2016. Among them, the history of geography includes the general history of world geographical thought and the general history of Chinese geographical thought, and the geographical chronology includes major geographical events in different historical periods of geography.

"Global History Review" was founded in 2008 by the Global History Research Center of Capital Normal University, with Professor Liu Xincheng as the chief editor. It is committed to promoting the research perspective and methods of global history in the Chinese history academic circle, advocating the study of cross-cultural, cross-national, and long-term historical phenomena, focusing on revealing the interaction and exchanges of civilizations in the global perspective, and exploring the globalization process in politics, economy, and culture, and its interaction with local characteristics.