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This book comprehensively reflects the major events, important figures, and important achievements in science and technology and culture in world history in the order of historical evolution. It is divided into several parts: the gestation and evolution of civilization, legal stories, religious stories, etc.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

In ancient Greek legends, Zeus is the highest god and the father of the gods. He rules the entire world in heaven and on earth. He is called the "father of the gods and the king of all people". It is said that as early as Homer's time, Zeus was revered by the entire Greek world as the highest god and the leader of the gods on Mount Olympus. The troubadours of Homer's time began to describe the image of Zeus in words. Sculptors and painters also created statues of Zeus. In the Greek civilization and religion of the Homeric era and beyond, Zeus mainly has two aspects: on the one hand, as the god of heaven and weather, he embodies the relationship between natural forces and humans; on the other hand, as the god of the ruler of clan society and slave society, he embodies the relationship between humans and society. These two aspects are extremely closely linked and constitute an important part of the ancient Greeks' understanding and grasp of the world in a theological way. The rise and fall of the divine sea people of Zeus - the fusion of the two origins of ancient Greece and the two aspects of his divinity, eventually making him the most powerful male god in the entire Greek history. Among the Greek gods, Zeus is the only one who is omnipotent. His name appears in various religious festivals, becoming more and more abstract and spiritual. Among poets, playwrights, and philosophers, his name is often equated with "god", just as it is common for later Christians to say that "god" is "god".

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

The Arab historians collectively refer to the historical stage of the Arabs before the birth of Islam, that is, the era of the Prophet Muhammad before the Quran was revealed to the Arabs, as the "Age of Ignorance." The famous Arab historian Hiti divided the "age of ignorance" into two concepts: broad sense and narrow sense. The broad concept refers to the birth of the ancestor Adam to the time when Muhammad was "ordered" to be the prophet; the narrow concept refers to the 100 years before the rise of Islam.

The name "Byzantium" originally referred to the ancient city of Byzantium on the Bosporus. This city was founded in the commercial colonial era of ancient Greece. In the 4th century, Emperor Constantine (reigned 324-337) expanded the eastern capital of the Roman Empire on the site of the ancient city and revived the empire's glory. Since then, the city of Byzantium has developed rapidly and become the largest city in the Mediterranean region, and the name Byzantium has spread throughout the world.

In history, the origin of civilization has always been closely related to rivers. The Euphrates and Tigris rivers are like two vines of life, winding in desolate and arid desert areas, giving birth to the oldest civilization in human history - the "Mesopotamian" civilization, which is commonly known as the "Babylonian civilization". Babylonian civilization is the general name for a series of urban civilizations in the Mesopotamia from 6,000 years ago to 500 BC. It is the earliest civilization in the known world and the cradle of world civilization. On both sides of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, cities of similar or very different styles dotted the Mesopotamian plain like stars. On this historical stage, the Sumerians and later Semitic invaders played the leading role in creating civilization like a revolving lantern, and together played the glorious movement of Mesopotamian civilization.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

Among the seven wonders recognized by the world, the first is the Great Pyramid of Giza near Cairo, Egypt. Giza is the capital of Egypt's Giza Province and a tourist attraction. It is located on the west bank of the lower reaches of the Nile River, about six kilometers southwest of Cairo. It is across the river from Cairo and connected by a bridge. It has a population of 1.509 Million. Since ancient times, it has been famous for its pyramids. In the Libyan Desert 10 kilometers southwest of the city, there are the famous Giza Pyramids, the Sphinx and the Marble Tomb Temple and other monuments. The northernmost Pyramid of Khufu originally had a height of 146.6 Meters and a base length of 230 meters. Its current height has dropped to 137 meters. In the middle is the Pyramid of Khafre, and to the south is the Pyramid of Menkafra. They are the most majestic buildings among the approximately 80 pyramids in the country and were built during the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

The name "Byzantium" originally referred to the ancient city of Byzantium on the Bosporus. This city was founded in the commercial colonial era of ancient Greece. In the 4th century, Emperor Constantine (reigned 324-337) expanded the eastern capital of the Roman Empire on the site of the ancient city and revived the empire's glory. Since then, the city of Byzantium has developed rapidly and become the largest city in the Mediterranean region, and the name Byzantium has spread throughout the world.

Among the seven wonders recognized by the world, the first is the Great Pyramid of Giza near Cairo, Egypt. Giza is the capital of Egypt's Giza Province and a tourist attraction. It is located on the west bank of the lower reaches of the Nile River, about six kilometers southwest of Cairo. It is across the river from Cairo and connected by a bridge. It has a population of 1.509 Million. Since ancient times, it has been famous for its pyramids. In the Libyan Desert 10 kilometers southwest of the city, there are the famous Giza Pyramids, the Sphinx and the Marble Tomb Temple and other monuments. The northernmost Pyramid of Khufu originally had a height of 146.6 Meters and a base length of 230 meters. Its current height has dropped to 137 meters. In the middle is the Pyramid of Khafre, and to the south is the Pyramid of Menkafra. They are the most majestic buildings among the approximately 80 pyramids in the country and were built during the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt.

On the one hand, this set of textbooks focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

This "World History Encyclopedia" records the history of human evolution and civilization development since the birth of mankind. It systematically records the outstanding achievements of mankind in creating material civilization and spiritual civilization, and provides a detailed and appropriate review and summary of the entire process of human civilization, providing an effective way for us to inherit and carry forward the achievements of human civilization.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

According to records in ancient literary and artistic works and historical legends, Solomon is often described as an "ideal king" and a "virtuous king". In fact, he was an extremely cruel monarch. He levied heavy taxes on the surrounding areas, implemented forced labor, and ordered his subjects to build luxurious palaces and temples on the mountains of Jerusalem. The Bible truly records Solomon's construction of the Temple of the Lord: "Solomon determined to build a house for the name of the Lord and a palace for his kingdom. So Solomon selected 70,000 bearers, 80,000 stone-cutters on the mountains, and 3,600 overseers to build it."

The public baths in ancient Rome were the most complex building complex in function, structure and construction technology at that time. The bathhouse accommodates a large number of people and is for public use like a theater, functioning as a public club.

The Arab historians collectively refer to the historical stage of the Arabs before the birth of Islam, that is, the era of the Prophet Muhammad before the Quran was revealed to the Arabs, as the "Age of Ignorance." The famous Arab historian Hiti divided the "age of ignorance" into two concepts: broad sense and narrow sense. The broad concept refers to the birth of the ancestor Adam to the time when Muhammad was "ordered" to be the prophet; the narrow concept refers to the 100 years before the rise of Islam.

The pre-clan society period refers to the period from the beginning of humankind to about 15,000 years ago. The production level during this period was low, and the production tools were simple and crude. Primitive people relied on the power of the group to obtain ready-made food from nature. Such as plant fruits, roots, insects, lizards and other small animals, and later gradually also hunted larger animals. Due to the low level of productivity, everyone must engage in labor production in order to obtain the minimum daily necessities necessary for survival. Therefore, every child must learn labor knowledge and skills from the older generation at an early age.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

Through archeology and research, it was not until the late Homo sapiens stage and the emergence of modern humans that humans slowly expanded to a wider area of ​​the earth, into the Americas, and then into Oceania (this is somewhat similar to the doctrines in the North American Indians, Mayans, and prophecies in the Bible, that is, humans experienced destruction by floods, and only those who lived several thousand meters above sea level survived, and gradually allowed humans to multiply). In this way, various explorations and reasonings were carried out on the origin of the Indians. Among the various reasoning theories, they can be roughly summarized into two types, namely the native birth theory (there is no strong evidence yet) and the migration theory. Among the migration theories, the most commonly recognized theory is that Asians first migrated to the Americas, that is, the ancient humans from North China in Asia were the ancestors of Indians (such as the Mayans and Mongols).

The architectural culture of Nordic civilization is based on wood materials. As a legacy of Nordic civilization, the few preserved wooden buildings occupy an important position in the history of Scandinavian art. Compared with the Romanesque stone buildings developed at the same time, wooden buildings are particularly suitable for artistic decoration. The numerous wooden statues of religious figures are more likely to make people feel real due to their simple style. During that period, the myth of stone construction was deeply rooted in Western European civilization as a primitive concept of durability, and wood was only seen as a material for temporary and emergency shelter. Compared with the permanence required by religious buildings, wooden churches seem to be contradictory, but the group of wooden churches in Norway has overturned this myth.

According to records in ancient literary and artistic works and historical legends, Solomon is often described as an "ideal king" and a "virtuous king". In fact, he was an extremely cruel monarch. He levied heavy taxes on the surrounding areas, implemented forced labor, and ordered his subjects to build luxurious palaces and temples on the mountains of Jerusalem. The Bible truly records Solomon's construction of the Temple of the Lord: "Solomon determined to build a house for the name of the Lord and a palace for his kingdom. So Solomon selected 70,000 bearers, 80,000 stone-cutters on the mountains, and 3,600 overseers to build it."

The Arab historians collectively refer to the historical stage of the Arabs before the birth of Islam, that is, the era of the Prophet Muhammad before the Quran was revealed to the Arabs, as the "Age of Ignorance." The famous Arab historian Hiti divided the "age of ignorance" into two concepts: broad sense and narrow sense. The broad concept refers to the birth of the ancestor Adam to the time when Muhammad was "ordered" to be the prophet; the narrow concept refers to the 100 years before the rise of Islam.

The architectural culture of Nordic civilization is based on wood materials. As a legacy of Nordic civilization, the few preserved wooden buildings occupy an important position in the history of Scandinavian art. Compared with the Romanesque stone buildings developed at the same time, wooden buildings are particularly suitable for artistic decoration. The numerous wooden statues of religious figures are more likely to make people feel real due to their simple style. During that period, the myth of stone construction was deeply rooted in Western European civilization as a primitive concept of durability, and wood was only seen as a material for temporary and emergency shelter. Compared with the permanence required by religious buildings, wooden churches seem to be contradictory, but the group of wooden churches in Norway has overturned this myth.

Through archeology and research, it was not until the late Homo sapiens stage and the emergence of modern humans that humans slowly expanded to a wider area of ​​the earth, into the Americas, and then into Oceania (this is somewhat similar to the doctrines in the North American Indians, Mayans, and prophecies in the Bible, that is, humans experienced destruction by floods, and only those who lived several thousand meters above sea level survived, and gradually allowed humans to multiply). In this way, various explorations and reasonings were carried out on the origin of the Indians. Among the various reasoning theories, they can be roughly summarized into two types, namely the native birth theory (there is no strong evidence yet) and the migration theory. Among the migration theories, the most commonly recognized theory is that Asians first migrated to the Americas, that is, the ancient humans from North China in Asia were the ancestors of Indians (such as the Mayans and Mongols).

The Middle Ages generally refers to the historical period from the 4th century to the 15th century. Beginning in the mid-4th century, the beacon fires of popular uprisings burned across Rome, impacting the rule of the slave empire. In 476 AD, the last Western Roman emperor was deposed, marking the end of the Roman Empire. This was also the end of European slave society; thus beginning the long period of feudal society. Throughout the Middle Ages, religious power and secular power engaged in a long struggle. By the 10th century, the economy and population of the West were rising again, and the Middle Ages entered a period of prosperity. Cultural creativity was also restored, and magnificent Romanesque and Gothic churches were built.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

In a history of more than 5,000 years, ancient Egypt undoubtedly created the most dazzling civilization in the world. The great pyramids, mysterious mummies, and advanced solar calendars have attracted generations of people to study with great concentration. Although the ancient Egyptian civilization has quietly disappeared in the mists of history, people's search and exploration of it have never stopped. This book vividly reproduces the glorious and immortal ancient civilization of Ancient Egypt by interpreting the evolution of the ancient Egyptian dynasty, showing the splendid civilization of ancient Egypt, studying the mysterious religion of ancient Egypt, and exploring the mysteries of ancient Egypt that have survived for thousands of years.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

The uniqueness of Hebrew civilization and the uniqueness of the Hebrew nation are closely linked. In a general sense of national origin, the Hebrew nation is a member of the ethnic groups in the two river basins of the Mesopotamian plain. Abraham, the patriarch of the Hebrews, was born in this area. From an ethnic perspective, the Hebrew nation should be an integral part of the Semitic nation. However, the concept of race is not the only criterion for the Hebrew nation to define its ethnic composition. Secondly, blood relationship is not the only criterion for defining Hebrew identity. To a large extent, or as a more important symbol, the definition of Hebrews is based on belief. Only those who share a unity of faith are considered Hebrews

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

In a history of more than 5,000 years, ancient Egypt undoubtedly created the most dazzling civilization in the world. The great pyramids, mysterious mummies, and advanced solar calendars have attracted generations of people to study with great concentration. Although the ancient Egyptian civilization has quietly disappeared in the mists of history, people's search and exploration of it have never stopped. This book vividly reproduces the glorious and immortal ancient civilization of Ancient Egypt by interpreting the evolution of the ancient Egyptian dynasty, showing the splendid civilization of ancient Egypt, studying the mysterious religion of ancient Egypt, and exploring the mysteries of ancient Egypt that have survived for thousands of years.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

In a history of more than 5,000 years, ancient Egypt undoubtedly created the most dazzling civilization in the world. The great pyramids, mysterious mummies, and advanced solar calendars have attracted generations of people to study with great concentration. Although the ancient Egyptian civilization has quietly disappeared in the mists of history, people's search and exploration of it have never stopped. This book vividly reproduces the glorious and immortal ancient civilization of Ancient Egypt by interpreting the evolution of the ancient Egyptian dynasty, showing the splendid civilization of ancient Egypt, studying the mysterious religion of ancient Egypt, and exploring the mysteries of ancient Egypt that have survived for thousands of years.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

In history, the origin of civilization has always been closely related to rivers. The Euphrates and Tigris rivers are like two vines of life, winding in desolate and arid desert areas, giving birth to the oldest civilization in human history - the "Mesopotamian" civilization, which is commonly known as the "Babylonian civilization". Babylonian civilization is the general name for a series of urban civilizations in the Mesopotamia from 6,000 years ago to 500 BC. It is the earliest civilization in the known world and the cradle of world civilization. On both sides of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, cities of similar or very different styles dotted the Mesopotamian plain like stars. On this historical stage, the Sumerians and later Semitic invaders played the leading role in creating civilization like a revolving lantern, and together played the glorious movement of Mesopotamian civilization.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.

The uniqueness of Hebrew civilization and the uniqueness of the Hebrew nation are closely linked. In a general sense of national origin, the Hebrew nation is a member of the ethnic groups in the two river basins of the Mesopotamian plain. Abraham, the patriarch of the Hebrews, was born in this area. From an ethnic perspective, the Hebrew nation should be an integral part of the Semitic nation. However, the concept of race is not the only criterion for the Hebrew nation to define its ethnic composition. Secondly, blood relationship is not the only criterion for defining Hebrew identity. To a large extent, or as a more important symbol, the definition of Hebrews is based on belief. Only those who share a unity of faith are considered Hebrews.

On the one hand, this set of teaching materials focuses on teaching students relatively systematic and comprehensive environmental protection knowledge, cultivating students' environmental awareness and environmental protection skills; on the other hand, it also focuses on grasping the rules of education, paying attention to the gradual progression of knowledge, and at the same time, through activity classes, experimental classes and other forms, it cultivates students' awareness of participation, hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems, thereby improving students' overall quality.