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"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: "Anna Karenina" (Volume 2), the twelfth volume of Cao Ying's translations.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: "The Morning of a Landlord", the tenth volume of the complete works translated by Cao Ying.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: Volume 8 of Cao Ying's complete translations, "The Cossacks".

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: "Anna Karenina" (Volume 1), the eleventh volume of Cao Ying's translations.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: Volume 7 of Cao Ying's complete translation works "Childhood·Youth·Youth".

This novel describes everything Ivan Ilyich experienced from his illness to his death, focusing on his struggle and reflection under the double attack of physical illness and mental confusion. Ivan Ilyich has always been active in the upper class, handled things smoothly, and rose through the ranks. One day, he discovered that he was terminally ill, and his previous understanding of death collapsed. Isolated by his relatives, he fell into extreme loneliness and began to think about life and the meaning of life...

The story takes place in St. Petersburg in the 19th century. The heroine Anna meets the young officer Vronsky during a trip and falls in love. After her husband Karenin discovers the matter, Anna's request for divorce is rejected and she is threatened that she will never see her beloved son again. Anna then eloped with Vronsky and lived a short and happy life, but the indifference and boredom after passion caused the final blow to her unfortunate fate. Anna missed her beloved son day by day. She was unable to resist the hypocritical and cold moral pressure of the upper class society, and could not completely break away from the aristocratic society. Finally, she committed suicide on the train in the midst of contradiction and despair. Levin and Kitty became a loving couple based on love, but not everything goes as planned in married life. Levin was saddened by the decline of the landlord economy, and tried to resist the development of capitalism, hoping to ease class conflicts through the cooperation between landlords and farmers. After his dreams were shattered, he became pessimistic and disappointed, and finally found his spiritual destination by converting to religion.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: "War and Peace" (Volume 2), the second volume of Cao Ying's translations.

The story takes place in St. Petersburg in the 19th century. The heroine Anna meets the young officer Vronsky during a trip and falls in love. After her husband Karenin discovers the matter, Anna's request for divorce is rejected and she is threatened that she will never see her beloved son again. Anna then eloped with Vronsky and lived a short and happy life, but the indifference and boredom after passion caused the final blow to her unfortunate fate. Anna missed her beloved son day by day. She was unable to resist the hypocritical and cold moral pressure of the upper class society, and could not completely break away from the aristocratic society. Finally, she committed suicide on the train in the midst of contradiction and despair. Levin and Kitty became a loving couple based on love, but not everything goes as planned in married life. Levin was saddened by the decline of the landlord economy, and tried to resist the development of capitalism, hoping to ease class conflicts through the cooperation between landlords and farmers. After his dreams were shattered, he became pessimistic and disappointed, and finally found his spiritual destination by converting to religion.

"Anna Karenina" is the representative work of the famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. Through the two clues of the heroine Anna's tragedy of pursuing love, and Levin's reform and exploration in the face of crisis in the countryside, this book depicts a broad and colorful picture of Russia from Moscow to the countryside in other provinces. It has described more than 150 characters and is a social encyclopedia-style work.

This book is based on a real event. It mainly describes the male protagonist Nekhlyudov seducing his aunt's maid Maslova, making her pregnant and driving her out of the house. Later, she became a prostitute and was tried for murder. The hero appeared in court as a juror and was deeply condemned by his conscience when he saw the woman he had seduced in the past. He ran to avenge her and asked to marry her to atone for his sins. After his appeal failed, he accompanied her into exile in Siberia. His actions touched her and made her fall in love with him again. But in order not to damage his reputation and status, she finally did not marry him and married a revolutionary.

"Resurrection" is Leo Tolstoy's last novel. It is a summary of the writer's life exploration and thoughts. It is known as the peak of the development of Russian critical realism. The novel uses the suffering of Maslova, a maid in a noble family, and the spiritual awakening process of Nekhludoff, a young nobleman who once hurt her. In the process of his running around to rescue Maslova, the novel extensively and deeply criticizes the corruption and gangsterism of courts, prisons, and bureaucracies. Darkly, it exposed the extravagant and licentious life of the feudal ruling class and the cruel, stupid and inhumane nature of the reactionary officials. It tore off the hypocrisy of the government-run church, reflected the bankruptcy of the countryside and the extreme poverty of the farmers, and sketched a social picture of serfdom Russia that was on the verge of collapse.

"War and Peace" centers on the Patriotic War of 1812 and reflects major historical events from 1805 to 1820. Taking the experiences of the four nobles Balkans, Bezukhov, Rostov and Kuragin as the main line, it connects numerous events and characters in the alternate description of war and peace, forming a magnificent encyclopedia-style epic.

An important work by the Russian literary giant Tolstoy in his later years. The novel tells the story of a highly respected court official who originally lived an ordinary life. Suddenly he learned that he was seriously ill and was about to die, so he began to think about life and life. The novel uses line drawing to meticulously express all the mental activities of human beings when facing death, to think deeply about the issue of death, and to inspire everyone to think about the meaning of life and the true meaning of life.

The classic translation of the Republic of China period was the first direct translation of the original Russian work into Chinese, which was vivid and fluent and maintained the artistic style of the original work. The translator, Gao Zhi, is a famous writer and translator in my country. He is fluent in English, Japanese, and Russian. He is especially committed to the study of Russian literature and is the author of "On the Works of Leo Tolstoy". He is considered the most authoritative person in my country to translate Tolstoy's works.

Anna is a high-society lady, young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament.

Famous Translations: The most classic Chinese translations of classic Western masterpieces. "Anna Karenina" (translation classic) uses two clues: the tragedy of the noble woman Anna's failure in pursuing love, and the reform and exploration of the manor owner Levin in the face of crisis in the countryside. It depicts a vast and colorful picture of Russia from Moscow to the provincial countryside during the transition between the old and the new. The story takes place in St. Petersburg in the 19th century. The heroine Anna meets the young officer Vronsky during a trip and falls in love. After the incident is discovered by her husband Karenin, Anna's request for divorce is rejected and she is threatened that she will never see her beloved son again. Anna then eloped with Vronsky and lived a short and happy life, but the indifference and boredom after passion caused the final blow to her unfortunate fate.

The classic translation of the Republic of China period was the first direct translation of the original Russian work into Chinese, which was vivid and fluent and maintained the artistic style of the original work. The translator, Gao Zhi, is a famous writer and translator in my country. He is fluent in English, Japanese, and Russian. He is especially committed to the study of Russian literature and is the author of "On the Works of Leo Tolstoy". He is considered the most authoritative person in my country to translate Tolstoy's works.

Whenever we encounter an unfair and unreasonable reality, and want to doubt, question, and have the courage to make changes, we can always hear a voice: "Everyone lives like this. You are weak, so why bother yourself?" But what Tolstoy wants to ask is: "Is it right to have always been like this?" "Resurrection" is the accumulation of Tolstoy's lifelong wisdom: Don't forget the kindness of your youth because you are so sophisticated; don't not light the candle because the light is too weak or too short. Whenever there is a fork in the road in front of you, try to choose the right one instead of the smoothest one. Every ordinary heart can be resurrected from the cold winter, and can also awaken spring.

This book is the second monumental novel by the great writer Tolstoy. The protagonist Anna is an upper-class lady. She is young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament. A chance encounter with a young military officer made Anna fall in love, and she resolutely left her husband and children to live with her sweetheart. But the longing for her son and the pressure from the surrounding environment made her fall into pain and uneasiness, and she gradually discovered that the sweetheart around her was not an ideal lover with single-minded affection. After experiencing a series of blows such as the loss of her son and a love change, Anna found that she could no longer live in this hypocritical society. In despair, she chose to commit suicide by lying on the train. The novel profoundly exposes the ugliness and hypocrisy of the Russian upper class in the 1860s and 1970s. It also expresses the author's moral and ideological exploration during the period of social transformation.

The second part of "Cao Ying's Translation of Leo Tolstoy's Complete Novellas and Short Stories" - "Memories of the Caucasus" takes the title of one of the works as its title and includes four of the author's Caucasus-themed works, from "Memories of the Caucasus: A Demoted Officer" in 1856 to "Haji Murat" in 1896, and in between there are "Cossacks: A Story from the Caucasus in 1852" and "Captives of the Caucasus". These previous works were basically published in collections and scattered in various volumes. This volume, with the Caucasus as the theme, clearly demonstrates Tolstoy's continuous thinking on the Caucasus issue for forty years. The writer's humanitarian thoughts also show consistency and development.

This book is an immortal masterpiece in the history of world literature. The author uses superb artistic skills to create a series of distinctive characters and describe all kinds of human emotions and world conditions. There are a total of 559 characters in the book, ranging from emperors, princes, diplomats, generals, and nobles; to landlords, businessmen, farmers, and soldiers. Such many characters are endowed with a new vision and color under the pen of an art master who is best at expressing the psychology and personality characteristics of characters. The heroes and heroines appear in front of readers with all the complexity and uniqueness of their spiritual lives. This book has an epic style, with a vast picture and numerous characters. The book contains both narrations of major historical events in Russia and Western Europe, as well as fictional plots; it contains both battles with swords and blood, as well as comfortable and quiet daily life; it contains both impassioned discussions of people and the world, as well as delicate and graceful lyrical narratives.

Anna is a high-society lady, young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament. Once at the station, Anna met the young officer Vronsky. The latter was attracted by her beauty and pursued her desperately. However, Anna cannot move towards the life she longs for...

"War and Peace" by the great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy is an immortal masterpiece in the history of world literature. The most outstanding artistic achievement of the novel is its majestic, grand and complex structure and strict and orderly layout. Tolstoy used a genius to navigate between war and peace, psychology and society, history and philosophy, marriage and religion, with clear priorities and unique ingenuity. The novel "War and Peace" uses the lives of the four aristocratic families of Kuragin, Rostov, Bolkonsky and Bezukhov as the plot clue, and magnificently reflects the major historical events of Russian society from the early 19th century to the 1920s.

"Resurrection" is a novel written by Tolstoy based on a real case, which took ten years and six revisions. It is a summary of the writer's life exploration and thoughts, and is known as the peak of the development of Russian critical realism. Through Maslova's suffering and Nekhlyudov's appeal process, the novel extensively and profoundly criticizes the corruption and darkness of courts, prisons, and bureaucracies. It exposes the extravagant and luxurious life of the feudal ruling class and the cruelty, stupidity, and inhumanity of reactionary officials. It tears off the hypocrisy of the official church, reflects the bankruptcy of the countryside and the extreme poverty of the farmers, and outlines a social picture of a serfdom Russia that is on the verge of collapse.

The Book of Soul Redemption, Tolstoy's pinnacle masterpiece, Nekhlyudov, a son of a wealthy family, went to a relative's house in the countryside for a vacation. He met and seduced the adopted daughter of the relative, Maslova, and then left. After Maslova became pregnant, she was kicked out of her home. This innocent girl became a prostitute and was involved in a murder case. Nekhlyudov happened to be on the jury that tried Maslova. He fell into deep guilt. In order to atone for his sins, he ran around for Maslova and hoped to marry her to make up for his mistakes... Regarding betrayal and redemption, there is no more soul-shaking story than "Resurrection"!

The third part of "Cao Ying's Translation of Leo Tolstoy's Short Stories and Short Stories" - "The Two Hussars", is titled with the main title of one of them, and includes seven of the writer's military-themed works, including the author's autobiographical Sevastopol series "Sevastopol in December", "Sevastopol in May", "Sevastopol in August 1855", as well as the separate "Assault", "Logging", "Two Hussars" and "Singing in the Village". From the passionate praise of the patriotism and romanticism of soldiers in "The Raid" in 1852, to the doubt in "Logging", and finally to the return to the recruiting scene in "The Village Song" in 1909, this new combination helps readers see the writer's almost lifelong thinking about war and peace.

The novel depicts a vast and colorful picture of Russia from Moscow to the provincial countryside. It is a social encyclopedia-style work that reflects the family life of all classes in Russia in the 1860s and 1870s, and exposes the greed, fraud and hypocrisy of the entire society. Lenin called it "a mirror of the Russian Revolution."

"Anna Karenina" is Tolstoy's second landmark novel, written between 1873 and 1877. The work is composed of two parallel but interrelated clues: one is the family, marriage and love entanglements between Anna, Karenin and Vronsky; the other is the love life of Levin and Kitty and the estate reform carried out by Levin. Anna is a high-society lady, young and beautiful, pursuing individual liberation and freedom of love, while her husband is a "bureaucratic machine" with an indifferent temperament. Once at the station, Anna met the young officer Vronsky. The latter was attracted by her beauty and pursued her desperately. In the end, Anna fell in love and decided to leave her husband and live with Vronsky. But the longing for her son and the pressure from the surrounding environment made her fall into pain and uneasiness, and she gradually discovered that Vronsky was not a dedicated and ideal figure.

"War and Peace" describes the entire process of the Russo-French War in 1812. It uses the activities of the four aristocratic families at that time as clues to reflect many major historical events and the real life of all classes from 1805 to 1820. It criticizes those nobles who speak elegantly but ignore the fate of the motherland. It praises the patriotism and heroism displayed by the younger generation in the war. It is an epic masterpiece.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: The third volume of Cao Ying's translations, "War and Peace" (Volume 3).

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: Volume 5 of Cao Ying's complete translation of "Haji Murat".

"Anna Karenina" is the representative work of Leo Tolstoy, the most famous Russian writer in the 19th century. It was first published in 1877. Through Anna's personal life experience, the work profoundly explains to the society the writer's profound thinking on major issues such as women, marriage, life, life and death.

"The Complete Translations of Cao Ying" is a complete collection of literary works translated and created by the famous Russian-Soviet literary translator Mr. Cao Ying throughout his life, with a total of 21 volumes and about 7 million words. Among them, 12 volumes include the classic Russian literary works translated by Cao Ying, mainly the complete novels of the great writer Leo Tolstoy; 7 volumes include important works translated by Cao Ying that reflect the Soviet Patriotic War and Soviet socialist construction, including the works of writers such as Nobel Prize winners Sholokhov and Lermontov; 1 volume includes Cao Ying's personal works on Russian-Soviet literature and literary translation issues; and 1 volume collects Cao Ying's translated articles published in various newspapers and magazines over the years. This volume is: "War and Peace" (Volume 4), the fourth volume of Cao Ying's translations.

In 1877, after writing "Anna Karenina", Tolstoy began to focus on exploring religious issues. He visited many churches and monasteries, talked with bishops, priests, monks and ascetics of all kinds, took part in the Moscow census, and read extensively on religion. After a period of thinking, he finally found a clear answer to the question he had been exploring for many years, which was his "religion of love" - ​​Tolstoyism. Tolstoy believed that the meaning of life, the meaning of human life, lies in believing in and abiding by the original teachings of Christianity, that is, treating others with love, not only loving one's relatives and friends, but also loving everyone, including forgiving and loving one's enemies. After Tolstoy formed his "Tolstoyism", he created and adapted many novels and stories with obvious religious advice. These religious novels and stories are easy to understand, but the philosophy contained in them is profound and leaves people with unforgettable memories. Tolstoy used these stories with obvious morals to directly express one of his important ideas - the kingdom of heaven is not abstract, it exists in human friendship.

"War and Peace" is a long masterpiece written by Tolstoy over a period of six years (1863-1869). It is called the "heroic pastoral" of the Russian nation. The work takes the Russo-French War in 1812 as the narrative center. Against the background of the magnificent events, it depicts the intricate love-hate entanglements of four aristocratic families, delicately outlines the protagonist's spiritual growth process, and explores the significant impact of this war on the historical process of Russia and even Europe. Use naturalistic brushwork to express the cruelty of war, explore historical laws and eternal philosophy in discussions, and call for the spirit of humanity.

"War and Peace" is a masterpiece that covers the suffering and sweetness of life, the turbulence and peace of history, and is known as the pinnacle of Russian realist literature. Taking the Russian society during the Napoleonic Wars as the background, Tolstoy created more than 500 characters from all walks of life. They struggled between love and hate, courage and cowardice, ideals and reality, reflecting profound thoughts on human nature. In addition, Tolstoy's true description of war and profound understanding of the value of peace make the work not only a historical novel, but also a profound philosophical reflection.

"Resurrection" is a masterpiece that Leo Tolstoy, the great Russian critical realist writer, worked hard for more than ten years in his later years. It is also the crystallization of his life's thoughts and art. Through the unjust injustice suffered by Maslova and the "prisoners" in the prison, the novel extensively and profoundly exposed the anti-people nature of the tsar's laws, courts, prisons, officials and the entire state institutions. It is a mirror that reflects the contradictory situation of the Russian peasants in the revolution.

"Three Deaths" is a collection of nine masterpieces of Leo Tolstoy's short stories and short stories, including "Sevastopol in May", "The Snowstorm", "Lucerne", "Three Deaths", "Holstromer", "The Death of Ivan Ilyich", "Kretzer Sonata", "After the Ball" and "Father Sergei".

This book is a masterpiece that Leo Tolstoy, the great Russian critical realist writer, worked hard on for more than ten years in his later years. It is also the crystallization of his thoughts and art throughout his life. Through the unjust injustice suffered by Maslova and the "prisoners" in the prison, the novel extensively and profoundly exposed the anti-people nature of the tsar's laws, courts, prisons, officials and the entire state institutions. It is a mirror that reflects the contradictory situation of the Russian peasants in the revolution.

"Anna Karenina" is a rare treasure in Russian literature and a dazzling pearl in the world's art treasure house. There are two parallel clues in the novel. At that time, some people said that it had no "architectural skills", while others said that it was "two novels". The author politely rejects these criticisms. He said that the beauty of the structure of the book lies in the seamless connection of the arches and the "intrinsic connection" between the two clues.

"War and Peace" is a novel written by Russian writer Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy and his representative work. It was written between 1863 and 1869. The work centers on the Patriotic War of 1812 and reflects major historical events from 1805 to 1820. Taking the experiences of the four nobles Balkans, Bezukhov, Rostov and Kuragin as the main line, it connects many events and characters in the alternate description of war and peace. The author cross-describes two lives and two clues of "war" and "peace" to form a magnificent encyclopedia-style epic. In the entire history of the development of Russian literature, "War and Peace" is the first novel with pan-European significance. Translator Liu Liaoyi (1915-2001), formerly known as Liu Changsong, is a famous editor and translator who has been engaged in Russian literary translation for a long time. Academic circles believe that "War and Peace" translated by Liu Liaoyi is one of the best Chinese translations at present.