Veritable Records of the Qing Gaozong Chun Emperor: Qianlong (III)

The Veritable Records of Emperor Gaozong Chun of the Qing is an officially compiled annalistic history of the Qing dynasty. It records the affairs and activities of Hongli, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing, also known as the Qianlong Emperor, and is one of the most important primary sources for studying the Qianlong era. It is the most voluminous work in the Qing dynasty's Veritable Records series, an official, chronologically arranged historical compilation centered on the emperor. It records edicts, government affairs, military and diplomatic matters, astronomical events, disasters, and other significant occurrences by year, month, and day. Its contents cover politics, the economy, military affairs, culture, ethnic relations, the administration of Taiwan, and many other subjects. It is an authoritative source for understanding both the prosperity of the Qianlong era and signs of its decline. For example, it contains extensive records of uprisings in Taiwan, such as the Lin Shuangwen and Chen Zhouquan incidents, migration policies, government reforms, and coastal defense measures. It is indispensable for the study of Taiwan's history under the Qing dynasty.