If history books had a bestseller list, Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government would undoubtedly be the career survival guide and political-strategy textbook for ancient emperors and ministers. Compiled by Sima Guang of the Northern Song over the course of 19 years, it covers the period from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties, spanning 1,362 years. It's practically a “Chinese historical epic series.” The book's original purpose was simple: teach emperors not to ruin everything. Sima Guang believed that governing a country was like driving. You had to check the rearview mirror, or you might crash. So he recorded the successes and spectacular failures of every dynasty for leaders to learn from. The original text can be obscure and tedious to read, so I added some humor in my translation. I hope you'll enjoy it.
Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government is not only a history book, but also a monumental work of political philosophy. It tells us that history doesn't simply repeat itself, but the logic of human nature and power remains eternal. Whether you're a ruler or an ordinary person, you can draw wisdom from it. After all, understanding history helps us face the future; understand this book, and you'll understand the rules for survival in Chinese history. Of course, it might also send a chill down your spine.
