This book is an excellent work written by Ai Siqi in the 1930s to popularize Marxist philosophy. The author uses concise and clear language and writing style, and simple examples to explain one by one what philosophy, idealism, dualism and materialism are, the relationship between philosophy and daily life, the epistemology of dialectical materialism, the basic laws of materialist dialectics and the main categories of materialist dialectics. It provides a systematic introduction and clarification. Its writing method is novel and its content is easy to understand. It has created a generation trend of popular philosophy writing. Since its publication, it has been reprinted one edition after another and has had a great influence in history. It can be said that it has influenced and educated several generations and still has its theoretical and practical value.