As a representative of the encyclopaedist philosophers, Diderot had his own unique insights into philosophical issues that confused people in all aspects of nature, humanities, and society. His erudition gave him a relaxed and clear temperament when talking about God, which could make people smile but would not make true believers disrespectful; at the same time, because of his profound knowledge of natural sciences, some of the research methods he gave for natural sciences were feasible and very reliable; he was not only a great philosopher, but also a great writer, who used extraordinary literary talent to display his philosophical thoughts. This book includes his "Philosophical Thoughts", "Explanation of Nature", "Philosophical Principles of Matter and Motion", "Ramaou's Nephew" and "Conversations between D'Alembert and Diderot".