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This book carefully collects and organizes more than 50 articles. According to the four themes of "Glorious History", "Precious Memories", "Famous Figures" and "Enterprise Style", it systematically outlines pesticide research and development, industrial development, system construction, standard formulation, safety and environmental protection, promotion and application, international trade, intellectual property and other aspects. It contains It contains a microcosm of the development of the pesticide industry, the growth experiences and unforgettable memories of famous experts, entrepreneurial stories of entrepreneurs, etc.; In addition, it has also edited and compiled the "Seventy Years of Development of China's Pesticides", which basically covers the various historical stages of China's pesticide development and important events in the 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China. This book has high value for historical data research and learning and exchange, and can be consulted, referenced and collected by relevant government departments, pesticide research institutes, colleges and universities, pesticide production and operation enterprises, pesticide promotion and application departments, libraries and other units as well as readers.

This book is a monograph on the monetary history of the Roman Empire. The whole book is divided into two parts. The first part introduces the currency issuance, minting system and coin characteristics of the Roman Empire in various historical periods from 29 BC to 498 AD in chronological order. The second part discusses the metal resources, mints, coin production system and other issues of Roman Empire coinage according to the theme.

In order to welcome the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, researcher Duan Qinglin, deputy president of the Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, planned and organized the compilation of the "Ningxia Enterprise History Series". In 2016, with project funding from the Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, the author undertook the compilation of the book "History of Enterprises in Ningxia Cities and Counties". During the writing process of this book, the Political Research Office of the Party Committee of the Autonomous Region, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the Autonomous Region, the Development and Reform Commission of the Autonomous Region, the Industry and Information Technology Department of the Autonomous Region, the Statistics Bureau of the Autonomous Region, the Statistics Bureau of the Five Municipalities and the Local Chronicles Office provided a large amount of historical data. Shi Rong, an associate professor and Ph. D. At the School of Economics and Management of Ningxia University, Zhang Huaizhi, a fourth-level researcher at the Civil Affairs Department of the Autonomous Region, and others did a lot of data compilation and related writing work.

In the long process of historical and cultural development, wine has gradually acquired cultural connotations. This book mainly introduces the origin of wine, the virtues of wine, wine as a ritual, "Book of Changes" and wine, seventeen paragraphs of wine, the nine tastes of wine, the confusion of wine, wine stars and wine, Yanzi's allegory, etc. Wine is an important communication medium. From national ceremonies to summer solstice gatherings of relatives and friends, wine is indispensable. Objectively speaking, wine has made a great contribution to Chinese culture. This book systematically and comprehensively introduces the history of wine, and at the same time, it also reflects the rich history of folk life. It can be used as a research reference by experts, and can also be used by drinking friends and interested people to increase their knowledge and improve their cultivation.

The history of Chinese entertainment. Chinese people understand the meaning of life and the art of living. Entertainment contains an extraordinary and joyful philosophy of life. It is unique and elegant, exquisite, full of vitality and fun, and embodies the optimistic spirit of the Chinese nation. The Chinese have created many entertainment projects such as Go, Xiangqi, Cuju, Chui Wan, Mahjong, kites, jigsaw puzzle, Jiu Lian Lian, Jiu Ling, etc., Which have been passed down from generation to generation and are passed down endlessly. This book extracts some of the most dazzling pearls from the treasure house of ancient entertainment and narrates the lovely and touching stories in the history of Chinese entertainment.

China is an ancient civilization with a long history. In the long historical process, the Chinese nation has created material civilization and spiritual civilization that are rare in the world with its strong will and outstanding wisdom. Etiquette norms constitute the norms of people's daily lives and occupy a core position in Chinese civilization. Therefore, our country has always been known as the "Land of Etiquette" in the world. Once etiquette and customs are formed, they have invisible moral power, become the standard for people to judge right and wrong, play the role of unwritten law, and have a profound impact on society. Today, it is still of great significance to study and summarize traditional etiquette and inherit it critically.

Wearing history on one's body, from "clothes with hair and skin peeling off" to "embroidered clothes to shine in the late spring", clothing has developed from the initial purpose of covering the body and keeping out the cold to a pursuit of beauty, or a symbol of power and status. Throughout the 5,000-year history of the Chinese nation, the rich social connotations of politics, economy, ethnicity, and culture in each historical period will be reflected in people's daily attire. Clothing has become an important code for us to interpret the evolution and development of the Chinese nation. This book uses easy-to-understand language and pictures to allow readers to wander into the gorgeous and magnificent history of Chinese clothing.

The theory that "rituals are Zheng Xue" comes from Kong Yingda Shu in "Book of Rites and Justice". The author uses this as a basic method to understand the classics and analyze the classics. He reorganizes the development of the interpretation of classics in Han and Tang Dynasties, and proposes that the tradition of classics in Han and Tang Dynasties was built around how to understand Zheng and Xuan. This book uses clear language to lead readers into the thinking world of ancient Confucian scholars, tracing back the development of Confucian classics in the past five hundred years from the founding of Zheng Xuan's study to the compilation of the "Five Classics of Justice" in the Tang Dynasty. The book focuses on Zheng Xuan's theory and later scholars' questioning, criticism, adjustment, distortion, and return of Zheng Xuan. It explores the evolutionary relationship and academic features from the content of the scripture itself, and puts forward many refreshing conclusions for readers.

The Great Navigation brought to the world the land and islands that had been hidden in every corner of the earth for thousands of years, allowing mankind to truly understand what the world really looks like. Before the Great Navigation, human beings only knew the local areas where they lived. It was the great navigators who opened the first curtain of globalization. With a sword in one hand and a pen in the other, they grabbed huge amounts of wealth while painting a complete picture of the world. The mission of this book is mainly to outline and describe the early years of the Age of Discovery - the Spanish-Portuguese Exploration Period, also known as the period of geographical discovery. It was a particularly critical period that changed the destiny of the earth and mankind. The curtain of the world picture slowly opens...

This book is one of the "History of Chinese Ship Development" series. It takes oil tankers, one of the world's three largest cargo ships, as the research object. It focuses on describing world oil transportation and the development of oil tankers, the types and typical characteristics of oil tankers, special systems for oil tankers, the research and development history of my country's oil tankers, my country's typical oil tankers, the enterprising R&D and design team, and future oil tanker research and development trends. This book is not only a science and technology book for college students and teenagers to understand the history of China's oil tanker research and development, but also a professional book for scientific and technical personnel engaged in oil tanker research and development.

This book selects four meso-level aspects, including currency casting and issuance, monetary policy, currency circulation and monetary thought, as research perspectives to conduct a multi-angle and all-round comprehensive investigation of currency issues in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. While deeply analyzing specific issues such as the historical origins, morphological characteristics, and circulation rules of a certain period or even a certain currency, it also attempts to combine it with the historical environment behind it to further reveal the currency development process and its evolution rules for nearly four centuries in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and finally present a relatively complete and three-dimensional history of currency development.

This book combs the history, experience and ideas of epidemic prevention and control from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, and summarizes the national spirit of staying in the same boat and being tenacious. Three thousand years of anti-epidemic history shows that China is a country that is brave and good at fighting epidemics and has a tradition of defeating various infectious diseases. Today, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, as long as we exert our wisdom and potential, are not afraid of disasters, and carry forward the tenacious national spirit formed by the Chinese nation in the fight against epidemics, we will surely defeat various epidemics, and our nation will continue to thrive and develop.

Traditional China is a "rural society". In such a civilizational structure, traditional villages dotted across the land of China have been the basic production units and social organizations of the Chinese people for a long time. They are the basic structure that nurtures Chinese culture. They are also a long-lasting and culturally representative space-time location in China's vast territory and long historical evolution. Cultivating the organizational structure, traditional wisdom, and cultural concepts derived from traditional villages is an important component of Chinese civilization. It still profoundly affects the social life and national temperament of modern Chinese people, and constitutes the internal characteristics and external form of an extremely strong and rich and diverse national culture. In modern China, where urbanization is advancing at a rapid pace, traditional villages are facing an existential crisis of rapidly disappearing. Therefore, rescue excavation and research on existing traditional villages and their cultural relics are of incomparable cultural value. The author of this book has visited more than 5,000 traditional villages in China over the past few decades and accumulated a large amount of field investigation data. Through the compilation and discussion of new materials and the citation and exploration of historical documents and classics, this book wanders through the past and present, from the origin of civilization to modern China. It completely presents and in-depth explains the evolution and development of traditional Chinese villages from a grand historical perspective. It tells the characteristics of traditional villages in different periods, their cultural significance and their interactive influence with the background of the times and social systems. Behind the hierarchical historical elaboration and the analytical citations, the panoramic appearance of traditional Chinese villages emerges vividly on the page.

"A Concise Chinese Literary History Reader" is another academic popular science work for general readers carefully created by China Social Sciences Press after the successful launch of "A Concise Chinese History Reader" and "A Concise World History Reader". In its conception, this reader fully embodies the concept of "big scholars write small books" Features: All front-line researchers from the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences are invited to try their best to show readers the basic development of Chinese literature in simple and easy-to-understand language. It covers the development of literature from ancient times to before the founding of the People's Republic of China in more than 800 pages. With one copy in hand, you can learn about the important figures and representative works in the history of Chinese literature. This book is highly readable and has positive significance in promoting high-end academics to the general public. The book is divided into nine parts, starting from the pre-Qin period in 1949. The authors are mainly young and middle-aged key scholars from the Institute of Literature, and teachers from universities are also invited to participate. It has two main features: one is that it reflects the latest research results, and the other is that it reflects the literature of multiple ethnic groups and different classes. It took two years to complete.

This book is compressed on the basis of the first and second volumes of the author's "History of Political-Religious Relations in Ancient China". A concise and concise systematic introduction to the relationship between politics and religion in China from ancient times to modern times. The first chapter, the introduction, points out the interaction mechanism between religion and politics based on a comprehensive study of the world's political-religious relations, and explains the differences between China's political-religious relations and the West. The next eight chapters introduce the relationship between politics and religion in China's past dynasties one by one, not only explaining the interactive influence of religion and politics, but also systematically introducing the pros and cons of religious management policies of past dynasties. The last chapter systematically studies the historical characteristics of China's political-religious relations and the lessons learned from religious management. "State-religious relations" is a concept imported from modern times, which is very different from China's historical process. The characteristic of this book is that it strives to study China's historical data realistically under the guidance of Marxism, find the essential attributes of China's political-religious relations, and establish a theory of political-religious relations with Chinese characteristics.

This book divides the 70-year historical process of contemporary Chinese novels into the first stage from 1949 to 1976, the second stage from 1977 to 1991, and the third stage from 1992 to 2019. The traditional history of novel criticism usually adopts the "historical theory" historical view and analysis model. This model is certainly historical and persuasive, but it can also easily suppress the uniqueness of the history of novel criticism, and it is especially easy to ignore the subjectivity of criticism and the extremely vivid and rich details. The characteristic of this book is that it wants to highlight the history of contemporary novel criticism from the comprehensive "big history" and put all the weight of theoretical thinking and narrative on it. Through the narration and analysis of the activities and practices of different "novel criticism circles" in each period, the "criticism circle"'s overall thinking on the "history of novels" is demonstrated. This book intends to use the process of the "novel criticism circle"'s penetration and intervention into the history of contemporary novels as an overall clue to connect the relationship between criticism and novels. It also views this connection as how critics who fully demonstrate their critical subjectivity fine-tune their relationship with big history in a "literary way" and reconstruct "the history of contemporary novels" as we know it today through critical concepts and practices.

This book is a monograph that comprehensively reviews and evaluates the development history of foreign literary criticism in China since the founding of the People's Republic of China. It is divided into seven parts according to the time period involved: a historical review of modern foreign literary criticism in China; the sinicization of Marxist literary theory; a discussion about the critics; the debate on modernist literature; the debate and criticism of postmodernism and foreign literary criticism since the 21st century. Different from previous histories of literary criticism, the author of this book has a broad international vision, trying to place China's foreign literary criticism in the context of world literature and its theoretical criticism, and consciously compare China's foreign literary criticism with international literary theory criticism, thereby highlighting the characteristics and internationality of China's foreign literary criticism. In addition, this book is problem-oriented and uses historical theory to systematically explore China's foreign literary criticism in the context of world literature and literary theory.

"Contemporary Chinese literature and art policy" is a new topic. In China, literary and art policy is the main way of interconnection between literary theory, literary thought, literary creation and cultural governance, and it is also an important intermediate link. Historical research on the adjustment and change process of literary and art policies helps to explain the direct and complex connection between the creation and development of contemporary Chinese literature and art and social life. As one of the "History of Contemporary Chinese Literary Criticism" series, this book starts from the perspective of the history of criticism and systematically analyzes the realization of literary policy and literary aesthetic theory in specific literary and artistic work links. It attempts to theorize the practice of contemporary Chinese literary creation and literary policy, thereby promoting the revival of contemporary Chinese aesthetics and literary theory.

The research object of "Research on the History of Contemporary Chinese Drama Criticism" is Chinese drama criticism from 1949 to 2019. Based on the process of historical development, this book outlines the 70-year development of Chinese drama criticism during this period. Through this research, it reveals the generation and evolution of contemporary Chinese drama criticism discourse, and elaborates on the interactive relationship between drama criticism, the development of contemporary Chinese drama, and drama creation and performance. This book is one of the series "History of Contemporary Chinese Literary Criticism". This book is the first monograph to systematically study and present the situation of drama criticism in contemporary China in the past 70 years. It is a good reference book for the majority of drama researchers and learners.

The Heilongjiang region is one of the regions with a larger scale of journalism development in modern China and has distinctive local characteristics. The Heilongjiang region has published newspapers and periodicals in more than 20 languages. In addition to the well-known Tsarist Russian Far Eastern Newspaper, Jewish-run newspapers have far-reaching influence in the Jewish world and even the world. This is also the birthplace of China's modern broadcasting industry. According to statistics, from 1901 to before liberation in 1949, there were nearly 400 newspapers and 5 radio stations in Heilongjiang. These resource achievements have become an important foundation for the people's journalism under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. This book strives to systematically explore the development of the newspaper and broadcasting industries in Heilongjiang. Taking Harbin as the main research object, it systematically explores the role of Heilongjiang's journalism in the historical development of the modern Northeastern region and the international struggle in Northeast Asia. In the design of the overall research framework, this article focuses more on case studies while summarizing the overall situation.

This book systematically sorts out how the production practices of the Germanic people have affected the changes in the natural environment since ancient times, and how the changed natural environment has affected the Germanic people's lifestyle, social evolution and historical process. In particular, the content of German industrial pollution is the focus of this study. It is completely different from the history of American wilderness and the history of Japanese disasters, and has become the most unique and academic research content. In addition, its religious environmental history, forest environmental history, Nazi environmental history, marine environmental history and East German environmental history are also distinctive research highlights. As a world industrial power, this book provides a systematic summary of Germany's many environmental governance experiences, and also provides an in-depth analysis and discussion of its historical lessons. I believe that this study can provide useful reference for enriching my country's research on world environmental history and the construction of national ecological civilization.

This book discusses the development of the official history-writing system during the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The official history compilation system refers to a set of data collection, sorting, and compilation mechanisms guaranteed by the system and the establishment of relevant officials. It is the connection between government affairs operations and compilation operations. This book looks at this issue from two perspectives. The first is how to organize historical sources. The system of official history compilation corresponds specific government operations with certain parts of biographical history to ensure the availability of materials for historical books. The book discusses three cases: biographies of the four barbarian states and the tribute paid by Fanyi, biographies of filial piety and filial piety, and awards of loyalty and martyrs, and general biographies of clan kings and officials and posthumous titles and funerals. The second is how to process and compile. Although the official history compilation system has the ultimate goal of compiling chronicles and biographies, its continued operation requires the cooperation of multiple genres.

"History of Nationalities" provides a systematic description of the twelve major ethnic groups in Chinese history, including the Han, Xiongnu, Xianbei, and Dingling, with detailed textual research, and a detailed examination of their residence, ethnic groups, systems, and historical status; "History of Ethnic Evolution" takes a macro perspective The book conceptually outlines the origin and formation of the Chinese nation, the exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups, the trauma suffered by the Chinese nation in modern times, the problems it faces, and the road to revival, etc. The text is easy to read and absorbs the ethnological theories at home and abroad at that time. It is a popular reading for students.

"Chinese Social History" is one of Mr. Lu's important historical treatises. The book takes eighteen topics such as agriculture, industry, commerce, property, and coins as its warp and time as its latitude. It provides an in-depth and systematic summary of the important social and economic systems and political systems in my country's history. It has always been an important reference monograph for studying and researching ancient Chinese laws and regulations. Most of the various aspects of social culture and systems discussed in it range from ancient society to the Republic of China, that is, the modern era when the author lived and wrote. It has the characteristics of linking ancient and modern times, tracing its origins, and detailing its evolution.

This book is a collection of speeches related to the courses taught by Associate Professor Lin Daxiong of the China Conservatory of Music. The authors of each article in the book (i. E., The speakers of each lecture) are well-known experts in domestic music history and etiquette research. They have elaborated on the role of music in Chinese history and the relationship between the two from multiple perspectives.

From the ancient origins of epidemiology to the rise of occupational health, maternal and infant health care, and nutrition, from the birth of population statistics to the first national health survey, the first local health administration system, and the founding of the first international health organization, George Rosen, a leading figure in health sciences and a pioneer in the social history of medicine, details the major milestones in the history of public health, showing the history of health in the context of politics, economics, science, and thought, and telling a story about setbacks and progress, confusion, and struggle. "History of Public Health" connects the past and present, trying to find the necessary conditions for public health progress from history, so as to point out the future direction.

"Nine Types of Chinese Cultural and Ideological History" collects Mr. Lu Simian's treatises on the history of Chinese cultural and ideological history, totaling nine types: "Medical Records Zhijin", "Summary of Classics", "Jingzi's Answers", "Six Lectures on the History of Chinese Culture", "Outline of Neo-Confucianism", "Introduction to Pre-Qin Academics", "Interpretation of Datong", "History of Chinese Social Changes", and "Ten Lectures on the History of Chinese Political Thought". Its broad coverage fully reflects the characteristics of Mr. "Broadcom". However, in addition to "broad communication", there is also "subtlety". In "Nine Types", there are many places where he is proficient in text reading, collation and exegesis, and there is no shortage of Mr. Wang's unique insights.

This book mainly studies the emergence of the financial function of Taipu Temple in the middle and late Ming Dynasty and its impact on national finance. Taipu Temple has always been the central administrative agency that manages the country's horse administration. However, starting from the middle and late Ming Dynasty, under the background of the change of taxes and levies into silver, the horse administration's taxes and levies also started the process of converting them into silver. The horse households, horse pastures and horses in the northern and southern Zhili and some horse-raising prefectures and counties in Henan and Shandong under the jurisdiction of Taipus Temple in the two capitals were increasingly converted into silver income of Taipus Temple. As a result, Taipus Temple gradually became a money and grain yamen, and a Changying Treasury was built to specifically manage the storage and receipts of silver. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, with the deterioration of the royal family's finances and the national finances, the large amount of silver surplus in the Changying Treasury was regarded by the court as a life-saving straw to alleviate various financial crises. As a result, Taipu Temple was increasingly involved in the national finances and became a part of the central financial management system. It exerted a huge financial function and had an important impact on the financial management and alleviation of financial crises in the late Ming Dynasty. This book uses a large number of first-hand historical materials, collects thousands of data, and uses mathematical statistics and other methods to conduct rigorous analysis and demonstration of the views in the book. The conclusions are clear and reliable. It is the first monograph to date to systematically study the Ming Dynasty's horse politics from a financial perspective.

Sericulture is an important skill created by the working people in ancient China. Silk fiber is China's most distinctive textile raw material. The names of fabrics such as silk, satin, brocade, and silk are distinguished by their silk weave structure. Ancient Chinese astronomical instruments can be divided into four categories: measuring instruments, such as equatorial mounts, armillary spheres, simplified spheres, etc.; Timing instruments, such as chronometers, sundials, cleats, etc.; Demonstration instruments, such as armillary spheres, sky-covering spheres, etc.; Comprehensive astronomical instruments, such as armillary spheres, water-operated telescopes, etc. Alchemy first originated in China, sprouted in the Warring States Period, and occurred in the Qin and Han Dynasties. It later developed increasingly with the support of Taoism and the tolerance of the imperial court, and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty.

Astronomy is the earliest science in human history. Ancient Chinese astronomy is often called Tianxue. There are three main theories about "Heaven": Gaitian theory, Huntian theory and Xuanye theory. The main purpose of astronomy is to "observe and tell time", that is, to determine the seasons through astronomical observations and guide people in production and ritual activities. Therefore, China has retained the longest and most detailed astronomical records in the world. The "round sky and square place" view of the earth and the "Great Kyushu" world view are two ways of understanding world geography in ancient China. From the "round sky and square place" view of the earth, an extremely important concept of "earth" is derived. It had a significant impact on the location of the ancient capital, the formation of certain mentality of the Chinese people, and even the name of the country.

Chinese medicine first emerged from witch doctors. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, witch doctors and doctors were separated, and a systematic medical knowledge system was gradually formed. Medical classics represented by the Huangdi Neijing and Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases were produced. The development of medicine is inseparable from drugs. "The Study of Materia Medica" is the traditional Chinese pharmacology, among which the "Compendium of Materia Medica" written by Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty is the most well-known to the public. In addition to being used in astronomy and calendars, ancient Chinese arithmetic is also related to practical matters such as land measurement, map surveying, tax calculation, and water conservancy project construction. The "Ten Books on Arithmetic" represented by "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" are the great crystallization of ancient Chinese mathematical thought from the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. During the Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties, outstanding mathematicians such as Qin Jiushao, Li Ye, Yang Hui and Zhu Shijie pushed traditional Chinese arithmetic theory to a climax.

On the fourth day of November in the 18th year of Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty, the emperor issued an edict and solemnly announced the good news to the world that the construction of Beijing was completed. We regard this day as the birthday of the city of Beijing and the palace of Beijing in the Ming Dynasty. According to the Gregorian calendar, it is December 8, 1420. It will be six hundred years ago in 2020. During the long period of ten years, the capital of the Ming Dynasty and its core palace buildings were later naturally accepted by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty as their own capital and Forbidden City. To commemorate this 600-year-old great ancient architectural complex, Mr. Jin Hongkui, an ancient architect and former deputy director of the Forbidden City, wrote the book "Six Hundred Years of Construction of the Forbidden City" to let readers understand the long construction history from the city's founding in the Yuan and Ming dynasties to the completion of the palace. This book is an introductory book on Forbidden City architecture written by professional scholars for readers, and it has a good balance between academic and popularization.

The gorgeous Chinese silk, as beautiful as the rainbow in the sky, has continued to develop and spread for thousands of years; it has benefited the people of the country and the best. Based on archaeological data and documentary records, as well as recent new research results of foreign scholars, this book systematically discusses the emergence and development of sericulture and silk weaving in China and the continuous innovation process of its technology. It introduces the Sino-Western transportation and the Silk Road in the pre-Qin era and the spread of sericulture and silk weaving technology and sericulture technology in my country under this background, which is of great historical data and historical value.

The study of modern Chinese history is a historical branch discipline that has developed rapidly and made remarkable achievements after seventy years of exploration and innovation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the form of a combination of overview and special topics, this book systematically reviews the process and progress of research on modern Chinese history over the past seventy years. It focuses on the main achievements in this research field, different representative academic views and the main basis for them. It realistically evaluates the successes and failures in previous research, and looks forward to future prospects as appropriate. This book has important reference value for studying and researching modern Chinese history.

Perry Allison's grand European history series includes "The Transition from Antiquity to Feudal Society", "The Genealogy of Absolutist States", and "The New Old World". "The New Old World" is a masterpiece that directly addresses the core issues of European integration. It is also an essential reference book for researchers of the EU and European history. This book summarizes the origin, process and outcome of the European integration process in several core countries on the European continent since World War II; it also provides a detailed analysis of the political and cultural background of the formation of the common market in the three core countries of the European Union (Germany, France, and Italy). It also discusses many "Eastern issues" related to the interconnected issues between Turkey and Cyprus, traces the theoretical research and practical summary of European integration from the Enlightenment to the present, and looks forward to the future prospects of the European Union. "The Genealogy of Absolutist Countries" introduces the absolutist countries in Eastern and Western Europe: Spain, France, Prussia, Poland, etc., And attempts to reveal their different roles in the process of transformation to capitalism through a comparative study of the nature and development of absolutist countries in Europe. In the author's view, absolutism is a uniquely European phenomenon and is essentially still based on the aristocratic form of political power. However, capitalism in Western and Eastern European countries each has different historical characteristics and development trajectories, which lead to different development results. "The Transition from Antiquity to Feudalism" covers the evolution of European production methods, social structures and state forms in the long historical period from the formation of the ancient Greek slave state in the 8th century BC to the crisis of European feudalism in the 15th century AD.

This book contains more than 20 academic papers by some young scholars on the history of transportation in ancient China, all of which are close to the academic frontier. They mostly use newly unearthed materials to discuss difficult academic issues, experiment with new methods, and put forward new insights. The discussion can promote the study of ancient Chinese transportation history and is also beneficial to deepening the comprehensive understanding of ancient Chinese social culture.

In today's international situation of "globalization", cultural awareness and cultural strategy have become increasingly prominent, and religious studies are one of the most important fields in cultural development, cultural construction and cultural exchanges. Religious studies, like other disciplines, is affected by historical changes and external environment, and has different stages of development. In addition, it has its own particularities due to its complex background, difficult positioning, broad field, and sensitive issues. As a discipline that is still forming, looking back on the past and looking forward to the future is both an academic consciousness and a social responsibility. "Contemporary Chinese Religious Studies (1949-2019)" aims to summarize and sort out the thoughts, achievements and shortcomings of contemporary Chinese scholars in religious studies, so as to grasp the focus and characteristics of the seventy-year research process of contemporary Chinese religious studies, thereby laying a solid foundation and making the discipline of religious studies more prosperous and more promising in the future. It is worth mentioning that this book is written by famous scholars in various fields of religion and professionals who specialize in related research. Due to different perspectives and different awareness of issues, it reflects the distinctive characteristics of a hundred flowers blooming, which also creates the effect of exchange of ideas and increases the readability of the work.

This book objectively describes the emergence, development, rise and fall of the remonstrance system from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. It also analyzes relevant major remonstration events and remonstrance figures, summarizes its rules, characteristics, functions, gains and losses, and conducts an in-depth discussion of ancient remonstration thought, especially Confucian remonstrance thought. It can be clearly seen that if the monarch is good at accepting advice and has a smooth way of speaking, then the politics will be clear and the country will be prosperous. On the contrary, if the way of speech is blocked and the monarch acts arbitrarily, it will lead to political chaos and the decline of the country.

The manuscript collects banknotes of the commercial banks of the Republic of China from January 1912 to September 1949, including banknotes of the Commercial Savings Bank, Bank of China Agricultural and Industrial Bank, banknotes of specialized banks, banknotes of Overseas Chinese Bank, and banknotes of foreign banks in China. Circulation coupons, unused coupons, sample coupons, trial printing coupons, invalidated coupons, etc. Issued by six types of banks, including currency, Sino-foreign joint bank banknotes, etc., As well as exchange coupons, depositary checks, bonds, gold deposit coupons, etc. Used for circulation; promissory notes may be included. The entries are sorted by the time when the bank was established or opened, and by the year of the note. If the banknotes have the same name and the same year, the main currency is in the front and the minor currency is in the back. They are arranged in ascending order of denomination, and the undated banknotes are listed at the end.

"Arab Studies Series" is a collection of Arab studies sponsored by the Arab Studies Center of Beijing International Studies University, the regional and national research base of the Ministry of Education. The content focuses on the politics, economy, society, culture and diplomacy of Arab countries. Based on the Arab Studies Forum, this journal selects academic papers published by scholars at the forum and compiles them into a volume to benefit the accumulation of domestic Arab studies.

This book aims to conduct an academic review of the development trajectory and achievements of the discipline of historical materials in modern Chinese history in the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China. It focuses on sorting out and introducing the historical materials results on modern Chinese history published in mainland China in the past 60 years. It also appropriately introduces and comments on the formation and theoretical research results of the historical materials discipline system of modern Chinese history. The structure of this book adopts a combination of "staged" and "consistent" methods. It not only introduces the establishment and development of historiography in modern Chinese history, but also adopts a combination of historical material content and historical material categories to specifically introduce the content of published historical materials and their role in promoting the development of academic research. There are special historical material introductions such as the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Revolution of 1911, the Chinese Revolution, and the Anti-Japanese War, as well as special topics on the history of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China that are narrated in sections.

Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd. (Referred to as "Yangchang Petroleum") is affiliated to the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government. It is one of the four companies in China with oil and natural gas exploration and development qualifications. It is also a large-scale energy and chemical enterprise that integrates comprehensive development, in-depth conversion, and efficient utilization of various resources such as oil, natural gas, coal, and rock salt. This book is the 2017 Yearbook of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group Co., Ltd. "Yanchang Oilfield Co., Ltd. Yearbook·2017" is compiled by the book editing committee with rich experience in yearbook compilation. It comprehensively displays Yanchang Oil's brilliant achievements and company development since 2016 from all aspects.

This book is an important medieval urban history work by Belgian historian Henri Pirena. First published in English in the United States in 1925. The origin of medieval cities attracted great attention from Western historians in the 19th and early 20th centuries, and many theories were proposed: such as "Roman City Theory", "Hereditary Territory Theory", "Mark Theory", "Castle Theory" and "Market Theory". Henri Pirenne combined the "castle theory" with the "market theory" and believed that cities were settlements where merchants gathered around fortified locations - towns and castles - to establish a family, which was quite influential.

This set of books includes: "History of War" and "History of War Part Two". Volumes 5 to 8 of "History of War (Set Volume 1 and 2)" are commonly referred to as "History of the Gothic War" in historian circles. This part was translated from Russian by Cui Miaoyin as early as the late 1950s. This book was included in the first batch of topics introduced by People's Publishing House and Sanlian Bookstore to introduce world social science masterpieces from 1956 to 1962. The first draft of the topic was drafted by the editorial department based on the opinions of experts and scholars from various universities and academic institutions in Beijing at that time. It was a troubled time when the translation manuscript was submitted to the editorial department of the Commercial Press. Due to well-known reasons, it was shelved before it could be processed.

This is a brief history of American higher education in a story. The author uses some important events in the history of American higher education as the starting point, using the events as the warp and the time as the latitude. Through telling each story, he reveals the inner logic and experience of why the United States has become a powerful country in higher education. As the author said: The evolution of American universities does not actually have a pre-planned draft, nor does it follow any imaginary logic for linear extension. On the contrary, the occurrence of many historical events, including those that have a profound impact on today's universities, often occurs with some chance. These seemingly accidental events were often the result of many social forces at that time wrestling with each other according to their own wishes. In other words, American universities are full of entanglements, troubles and even pain during their growth. From schools, professors, and students to governments, enterprises, and countries, there is no shortage of problems inside and outside universities-some with solutions, and some without solutions. It is these growing pains that constitute a living history of American universities.

Ningbo Huamei Hospital is a modern Western hospital in Ningbo and Zhejiang. It is also a Western hospital established by foreigners in China after the Opium War. It is one of the Western hospitals with a long history in China. The hospital originated from the Western medicine clinic opened by American Baptist missionary Dr. Daniel Jerome Macgowan (1814-1893) in Ningbo in November 1843. It was taken over by the Ningbo Municipal People's Government in 1951. In 1954, it was renamed Ningbo Second Hospital, which continues to this day. The hospital spans three centuries and has a history of 175 years. It can be said that it has gone through many vicissitudes of life.

The United States' Declaration of Independence is one of the most important historical documents in modern world history. On the one hand, the book "On" examines the process of drafting, revising and finalizing the words and sentences of the Declaration of Independence, showing in detail how a political text gradually takes shape in the process of alteration and alteration; on the other hand, it analyzes its theoretical basis and literary characteristics, focusing on the most important basic theory of modern Western political thought - the theory of natural rights. The text of the book is witty and beautiful, and the theoretical explanations are vivid and insightful.

The eight years of the reign of Mingzong Li Siyuan of the Later Tang Dynasty were praised as "moderately prosperous", which was especially rare in the troubled times of the Five Dynasties. As a biography of Li Siyuan, this book is dedicated to interpreting Li Siyuan's political achievements based on basic historical facts. The structure is based on chronology and topics: the first and second chapters describe Mingzong's growth background and path to kingship; the third and fourth chapters are based on chronology and emphasize the political evolution process during the eight years of Mingzong's rule; the fifth and sixth chapters adopt a topical structure. Different from previous similar works that mainly emphasize the influence of Han political culture on Shatuo, this book pays more attention to the political legacy left by Shatuo to later generations of China.

Ancient paintings are classical-themed paintings that cover history, old news, allusions, legends, poetry and other historical elements, and have plot content and ancient meanings. Character paintings are the mainstay of Fu Baoshi's painting art. According to the title of the paintings, they can be divided into six series: "Eastern Jin and Six Dynasties", "Ming and Qing Dynasties", literati and painting history stories, Qu Yuan and "Chu Ci", Tang and Song poetry and others. These paintings are mostly based on the elegant deeds of famous sages from past dynasties, conveying the sincere elegance, depth and extraordinary joyful embrace. This book unearths Fu Baoshi's thoughts and feelings in his creations at a specific period, and discusses Fu Baoshi as a scholar and literati who transcends the identity of a simple painter in the context of Chinese intellectual history, academic history and literati spiritual pedigree in the 20th century, in order to highlight his spiritual outlook and ideological significance.

Han portrait stones are regarded as encyclopedias of Han Dynasty society. Mr. Jian Bozan once said that if the images of the real life of the Han people solidified in the Han Dynasty stone carvings and other arts were organically organized, the history of the Han Dynasty "will stand out in front of us and appear as a three-dimensional image." "Stories of Han Painting: Memories Engraved on Stone" adheres to Professor Zhang Daoyi's consistent style of making the profound into the simple. It selects more than 600 pictures of stone portraits from the Han Dynasty and divides the pictures of various colors into three categories: characters and secular, myths and legends, and auspiciousness and entertainment. Through the interpretation of the sources, images, plots, texts, etc., It leads us to the historical scene more than 1,800 years ago, to experience the social customs of the Han Dynasty up close, and to understand the traditions carved on the stones. By reading this book, you can not only appreciate the beauty of art, but also learn about ancient history and culture.