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Political thought has existed since ancient times. If ancient Chinese political thought only focused on how to consolidate and strengthen feudal imperial rule and constantly improve its governing philosophy, change its governing methods, and adjust its governing policies, then the main part of modern Chinese political thought is based on thinking about changes in the political system and the state system. In response to this content, various classes, factions, political parties, and figures have put forward a variety of different ideas and plans, forming one political trend after another. The ebb and flow of these ideological trends constitutes the process from changing laws and eliminating abuses to reforming revolution, and from pursuing republican democracy to establishing a people's democratic country. This book takes this as a clue to show us the evolution of modern Chinese political thought in various periods.