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Virgil was the greatest Roman poet of the Augustan era. The core of Augustus' cultural policy was to maintain peace and the stability of Roman politics. Virgil's works adapted to the needs of the times and became an important force in the cultural construction of Augustus. This book is based on classical historical materials and takes the interactive relationship between literati and politics as a perspective. On the basis of fully absorbing the achievements of previous generations, this book explores Virgil's role in Augustus's reconstruction of Roman cultural identity by studying Virgil's main works, and examines the significant impact of culture on politics. The relationship between Virgil and Octavian not only directly reflects the good interaction between Roman literati and politicians, but also essentially explains the interaction between culture and politics. This book is divided into four chapters, mainly expounding Octavian's cultural policies and the relationship between Virgil and Octavian's cultural policies.