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In the power structure of traditional Chinese rural society, hard power with imperial power as the core mainly extended to the county level, which provided space for the gentry and elders below the county level to rely on cultural soft power to achieve social integration. However, rural society is based on families of blood communities as the basic social unit. These families often compete fiercely with each other for limited local resources. This competition is reflected at the cultural level, making family trees a text carrier that reflects the two contradictory forces of cultural integration and cultural separation. Currently, China is building cultural soft power, but problems of cultural competition and conflict may also arise. Therefore, the issues of cultural integration and cultural separation studied in this book based on genealogy have certain historical reference significance for the current construction of cultural soft power.