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中俄关系史话
Xue Yitian
Russia, today's Russian Federation, is China's largest neighbor. The exchanges between China and Russia began in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Russia sent the Petlin delegation to visit China and met with the Chinese emperor. However, this exchange did not make any substantial development in the relations between the two countries. What had a major impact on the relations between China and Russia were several groups of Russian "visitors" who set out from Yakutsk. They continued to use force to harass and invade China's northern border. However, their armed aggression was finally vigorously counterattacked by the Qing government. In the end, the two sides signed the first equality treaty between China and Russia, the "Treaty of Nerchinsk", which laid the foundation for the normalization of relations between the two countries. However, the equal exchanges between the two countries did not last long. As the Qing government's rule became increasingly corrupt, its finances became increasingly stretched, and its military became increasingly tired, the Russian Empire took another step to invade China. The signing of Sino-Russian treaties such as the "Brensky", "Treaty of Kyakhta", and "Treaty on the Demarcation of the Northwest Boundary" enabled Tsarist Russia to gradually occupy most of the northern and western parts of China. It also took advantage of the situation and signed the "Aihun Treaty" and "Beijing Treaty" with the Qing government to further seize its interests in China, and even forcibly rented Luda, and attempted to reduce Northeast China to its exclusive sphere of influence. It was not until the victory of the October Revolution in 1917 and the overthrow of Tsarist Russia that the relationship between China and Russia ended.
Russia, today's Russian Federation, is China's largest neighbor. The exchanges between China and Russia began in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Russia sent the Petlin delegation to visit China and met with the Chinese emperor. However, this exchange did not make any substantial development in the relations between the two countries. What had a major impact on the relations between China and Russia were several groups of Russian "visitors" who set out from Yakutsk. They continued to use force to harass and invade China's northern border. However, their armed aggression was finally vigorously counterattacked by the Qing government. In the end, the two sides signed the first equality treaty between China and Russia, the "Treaty of Nerchinsk", which laid the foundation for the normalization of relations between the two countries. However, the equal exchanges between the two countries did not last long. As the Qing government's rule became increasingly corrupt, its finances became increasingly stretched, and its military became increasingly tired, the Russian Empire took another step to invade China. The signing of Sino-Russian treaties such as the "Brensky", "Treaty of Kyakhta", and "Treaty on the Demarcation of the Northwest Boundary" enabled Tsarist Russia to gradually occupy most of the northern and western parts of China. It also took advantage of the situation and signed the "Aihun Treaty" and "Beijing Treaty" with the Qing government to further seize its interests in China, and even forcibly rented Luda, and attempted to reduce Northeast China to its exclusive sphere of influence. It was not until the victory of the October Revolution in 1917 and the overthrow of Tsarist Russia that the relationship between China and Russia ended.