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This book innovatively adopts the dual perspectives of Britain and Southeast Asia, combined with the background of real-time international relations between Europe, the United States and Southeast Asia, and uses a comparative method to longitudinally examine the similarities and differences between Malaya and Myanmar in the process of colonial formation, coping with British political, economic, educational and social colonial policies, as well as retaining British colonial heritage after the war, and choosing the path of decolonization. The results show that colonization and being colonized are a historical process of unequal two-way interaction. This process is not only closely related to the pre-colonial histories of Malaysia and Myanmar, but also played a crucial role in the construction of modern nation-states after the war.