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Although World War II has passed, wars still happen every day on this earth. Japan's war era seems to be over, but as a historical legacy, has war-like thinking gone with it? Will the tragedies that happened during World War II "reappear yesterday" and happen in other corners of the world? Starting from the perspective of "individuals" in the history of war, this book focuses on the individual fate of Japanese intellectuals during World War II and the early post-war period. It goes deep into the details of history and attempts to perceive the "human condition" in the complex environment of the times. The book uses diaries, essays, literary works, etc. As the entry point to present in detail the complex positions and ideological fluctuations of people such as Nagai Karikaze, Ozaki Shiro, Hieno Hiei, Yoshino Genzaburo, Tsurumi Shunsuke, etc. Before and after the war; at the same time, it combines the works of animation master Hayao Miyazaki as a mirror of the times. Explore the war metaphors and moral issues hidden behind fairy tale narratives; on this basis, we will expand our horizons to a broader ideological and cultural level, exploring the construction of historical memory, the collision of Chinese and Japanese historical views, and the dilemma of intellectuals between "country" and "individual". The extreme logic of war still lurks in the gaps of human society. Can we learn from the ashes of that history how we should think about responsibility, choice and resistance today?