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铁路货车载荷谱及其应用
Wang Chunshan Wang Xi Yang Guangxue Hou Weixing
The load spectrum of railway freight cars is a statistical representation of the alternating external forces endured by the load-bearing structure during use. It is the basis for structural fatigue resistance design and test evaluation. This book summarizes China's achievements in the research and engineering application of railway freight cars' load spectrum, and has guiding significance for improving the design of railway freight cars and ensuring transportation safety. The vehicles used to carry goods on railways are collectively called railway trucks. Cargo transportation is an important part of railway transportation. During operation, truck bogies and bodies are subjected to complex random loads. With the action of these loads, cumulative fatigue damage will occur to the load-bearing components of trucks. Once fatigue failure occurs, it will directly endanger railway transportation safety. In order to ensure safety, load spectrum is usually used in engineering to carry out structural fatigue design, bench fatigue testing, and formulate fatigue design and test load specifications. The load spectrum of railway freight cars is the basis for fatigue design and safety assessment of load-bearing components of freight cars. The load spectrum is mainly measured random load data through line tests. It is obtained after data processing and statistical analysis. It contains information such as the amplitude and frequency of loads experienced by load-bearing components in use. Since there are many types of railway trucks, the operating conditions are complex. The main types of vehicles include boxcars, gondolas, tank trucks, flatbed trucks and various special trucks. The operating conditions include operating routes, driving speeds, loaded goods, climate, geographical environment, etc. These factors should be considered when compiling the load spectrum of trucks, and different load spectra should be classified according to different situations. Over the years, my country's railway-related universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises have carried out a large number of scientific research experiments to ensure the safety of railway transportation, and obtained a wealth of measured data. The load spectrum compilation and fatigue test research technology have been increasingly improved, forming a series of fruitful scientific research results. At the same time, computer virtual technology is actively used to obtain load information through vehicle system dynamics simulation technology and explore new ways of load spectrum research.
The load spectrum of railway freight cars is a statistical representation of the alternating external forces endured by the load-bearing structure during use. It is the basis for structural fatigue resistance design and test evaluation. This book summarizes China's achievements in the research and engineering application of railway freight cars' load spectrum, and has guiding significance for improving the design of railway freight cars and ensuring transportation safety. The vehicles used to carry goods on railways are collectively called railway trucks. Cargo transportation is an important part of railway transportation. During operation, truck bogies and bodies are subjected to complex random loads. With the action of these loads, cumulative fatigue damage will occur to the load-bearing components of trucks. Once fatigue failure occurs, it will directly endanger railway transportation safety. In order to ensure safety, load spectrum is usually used in engineering to carry out structural fatigue design, bench fatigue testing, and formulate fatigue design and test load specifications. The load spectrum of railway freight cars is the basis for fatigue design and safety assessment of load-bearing components of freight cars. The load spectrum is mainly measured random load data through line tests. It is obtained after data processing and statistical analysis. It contains information such as the amplitude and frequency of loads experienced by load-bearing components in use. Since there are many types of railway trucks, the operating conditions are complex. The main types of vehicles include boxcars, gondolas, tank trucks, flatbed trucks and various special trucks. The operating conditions include operating routes, driving speeds, loaded goods, climate, geographical environment, etc. These factors should be considered when compiling the load spectrum of trucks, and different load spectra should be classified according to different situations. Over the years, my country's railway-related universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises have carried out a large number of scientific research experiments to ensure the safety of railway transportation, and obtained a wealth of measured data. The load spectrum compilation and fatigue test research technology have been increasingly improved, forming a series of fruitful scientific research results. At the same time, computer virtual technology is actively used to obtain load information through vehicle system dynamics simulation technology and explore new ways of load spectrum research.