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This book examines the shaping and transformation of the relationship between the state and the people in modern China from a unique perspective. The author compiles historical materials from newspapers, archives, memoirs and other materials to reconstruct the ins and outs of the three cigarette-free movements from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. He details the rhetoric, organization and development process of these three movements. He uses this as a clue to organically combine political mobilization, national education, daily life disciplines, the evolution of hygiene concepts, the economic development of the tobacco industry, government tax management, central-local relations, nationalist ideological trends, etc., And finally focuses on the definition and shaping of people's daily life by elites and governments in modern China.