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The first British consul Barfour led the people to open Shanghai as a port, and after Shanghai Daotai Palace Mujiu signed the Shanghai Land Charter with him, a large number of foreigners flocked to Shanghai to seek gold. Tong Zhizu and Jin Dali led the Shanghai merchants to fight against them. During the silk war between Jin Dali and Tong Zhizu and foreigners, they forced the foreigners to sign a fair raw silk tea trade contract. Later, they seized Yihe and Hawke came to Shanghai to run a horse racing farm. The big Shanghai businessmen bought a large amount of land on both sides of Huayuan Lane (Nanjing East Road) and started real estate. Hawke built the second horse racing hall (today's intersection of Zhejiang Road and Nanjing East Road), Huayuan Lane Road became unprecedentedly prosperous, and the land purchased by Jin Dali increased rapidly. The Xiaodaohui uprising occupied Shanghai County. The British, American and French consuls were trapped in the city. Wu Jianzhang rescued the consuls alone. As the Shanghai Incident affected Hawke's horse betting business, in 1853, China and foreign countries launched the Battle of Nichengbin (now Tibet Middle Road and Nanjing East Road). Jin Dali established a caravan to fight the foreigners in a decisive battle with Nichengbin. Hawke Circle occupied a large area of ​​land to the west of Nichengbin (today's People's Square) and opened a third racecourse. Jin Dali quietly bought the land on Jing'an Temple Road (now Huanghe Road, Nanjing West Road). The third horse racing hall opened and became the largest horse racing hall in Asia. The land purchased by Jin Dali continued to increase. Foreign banks such as Jardine Matheson, Taikoo, and Changqi established steamship companies, and large Shanghai merchants invested heavily in setting up steamship companies to compete with foreign merchants for the city's shipping business. With the advent of the industrial age, large Shanghai merchants opened Hengshun Textile Factory and Hengfeng Flour Mill, competing with foreign merchants for supremacy in Shanghai...

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