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China is a great country with a long history of civilization and one of the earliest countries with developed culture in the world. As far as science and technology are concerned, in addition to the four great inventions known to the world, there have also been amazing achievements in many aspects such as agriculture, medicine, astronomy, mathematics, earth science, and engineering technology. For more than a thousand years from the Qin and Han dynasties to the early Ming Dynasty, China's science and technology has always been in a leading position in the world. However, by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the development of science and technology in China began to stagnate. Although science and technology once showed a revival due to the emergence of capitalism, it still continued to hesitantly move forward on the traditional road. Science and technology in the modern sense were not able to take the lead in the land of China. At the same time, with the rise of capitalism in the West in the 16th century, a scientific revolution occurred, a group of outstanding scientists emerged, and modern science and technology emerged. Since then, the technological gap between China and the West has widened.