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This book takes "policy" and "countermeasures" as the pivot, and through the multi-dimensional mutual verification of imperial edicts, local memorials and administrative archives, it shows the complete chain of policy formulation, implementation and feedback from the Five Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties. It shows that the system is neither a one-way rigid constraint nor a simple game, but maintains the balance between the central and local governments through dynamic adjustment. The author abandons the static convention of "discussing institutions based on institutions" in traditional institutional history, and instead places institutions in dynamic political operations, revealing their linkage with human affairs and current situations. The book combines empirical research and interdisciplinary theory to redraw a three-dimensional picture of the political ecology from the Five Dynasties to the Song and Yuan Dynasties.