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This thesis believes that the history of Chinese literature is run through two traditions: narrative tradition and lyrical tradition. The two originate from the same source, coexist, interact and benefit each other, so as to make up for and correct the one-sidedness and deficiencies of previous studies. The entire manuscript begins by discussing the relationship between Chinese character configuration and narrative thinking, and then explores the two major traditions that are integrated in different literary styles such as literary criticism, historical narrative, general poetry, Yuefu, Fu, prose, opera, novels, etc., With special attention to the process of the mutual integration and influence of the two major traditions, and then makes a theoretical summary to explore the development direction of using the two major traditions to study the history of Chinese literature.