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In the autumn of the third year of Hongwu, Emperor Zhao Hong died at the age of fifteen. Because he was still young, he had no heirs. In order to seize the throne, the Zhao family and the powerful officials in the court formed cliques and were at war with each other. For a time, everyone in the imperial capital was in danger, and powerful warlords in various places rose up. They attacked each other or defended each other, and the era of great strife began.