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In the summer of 1787, in the sweltering heat of Philadelphia, a federal convention that was originally convened just to revise old regulations turned into an effort to formulate an unprecedented constitution. Fifty-five representatives, with an average age of less than 43 years old, came from 12 states with different positions and represented different interest groups. They debated for more than four months. Some people made threats and some left the venue in protest. Even Chairman Washington wrote: "I really regret having anything to do with this matter." It was in an atmosphere of almost despair that the meeting created the world's first written constitution, the United States Constitution. Bowen vividly reproduces the heated debates at the Federal Constitutional Convention and vividly restores the unique personalities of the American forefathers. They conducted this unprecedented experiment amid contradictions and compromises, prejudices and frankness.