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The book "The Dragon and the Foreign Devil" is the personal account of Swedish geologist Andersen's experience in China in the early years of the Republic of China. The author was employed by the Beiyang government from 1914 to 1925 as a geologist to help China search for mineral deposits. He personally experienced the great changes from the Revolution of 1911 to the completion of the Northern Expedition. He also worked with Hu Shi, Fu Sinian, Ding Wenjiang, and Yuan Shi Kai and other important figures had direct contacts. He had careful observation and personal experience and thinking about Yuan Shikai's rule, Zhang Xun's restoration, the battles between Duan Qirui, Zhang Zuolin and other warlords, as well as the situation of Chinese society at that time. In addition, as the discoverer of the "Peking Man" site and the "Yangshao Culture" site, Anderson also made great contributions to Chinese prehistoric archeology. This book not only contains the author's summary of China's great history, but also his records and reflections on China's social changes as an eyewitness. It has extremely high historical value for studying China's history and society at that time.