Song poetry, as a generation of literature, competes with Tang poetry and Yuan opera for beauty. In the field of ancient poetry and literature, Song poetry is like a shining pearl, representing the prosperity of the culture of the two Song Dynasties. Song poetry has always been regarded as one of the greatest poems along with Tang poetry, and there have been countless anthologies and anthologies in the past. Since the Qing Dynasty when retired scholars from Hengtang compiled "Three Hundred Tang Poems", Wanqing poet Zhu Xiaozang was not willing to let Song poetry lag behind Tang poetry, and compiled a selected collection of Song poetry "Three Hundred Song Poems".
"Three Hundred Song Ci" contains a total of 285 famous poems by 82 outstanding poets from the two Song Dynasties. Many famous poets have multiple masterpieces selected. For example, Wu Wenying and Zhou Bangyan have more than 20 poems selected, and Liu Yong, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, He Zhu, Jiang Kui, and Yan Jidao have all been selected for more than a dozen poems. There are also some poets who only have a few poems, or even only one song selected.
?
But then again, out of the tens of thousands of lyrics written during the two Song dynasties, less than 300 poems were selected. To have one selected is enough to make the poet proud. Moreover, this only selected lyric must be the poet's pinnacle masterpiece and will be remembered for eternity. What I recommend to you today is the only poem by a poet from the Southern Song Dynasty that was selected into the "Three Hundred Song Ci Poems". This poem was hailed as a "hundred-year-old masterpiece" and directly made an unpopular word brand popular, attracting many Southern Song Ci poets to follow suit. Let's appreciate the poem "Tang Duoling" written by Liu Guo, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty:
Tang Duoling
Southern Song Dynasty·Liu Guo
Preface: Anyuanlou Xiaoji, Huang, a concubine named Huang, begged a Taoist from Longzhou to compose this "Tang Duo Ling". Together with Liu Fuzhi, Liu Qufei, Shi Minzhan, Zhou Jiazhong, Chen Mengcan and Meng Rong. It's August 5th
Tingzhou is covered with reed leaves and has shallow streams in the cold sand zone. Twenty years have passed since the South Tower. The boat under the willow tree is still not stable, but it will last for a few days, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is here again.
The yellow crane cuts off the head of the river, has the old friend been there? The old country is filled with new worries. I wanted to buy sweet-scented osmanthus and carry wine with me, but it turned out that it was not the same as a young man traveling.
?
Liu Guo, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, changed the name to it. The protagonist Yang Guo in Jin Yong's martial arts masterpiece "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" was named after him. Liu Guo failed the imperial examination four times in his life and never became an official. He always traveled around the world in civilian clothes. Although he was not in his position, he was always concerned about the current situation of the country. He interacted with famous people such as Xin Qiji, Lu You, Chen Liang, etc. Whenever they got together, they talked about resisting the Jin Dynasty and the Northern Expedition and restoring the rivers and mountains. He was called "the strange man in the world".
Although Liu Guo was a commoner, he cared about the country and spent his whole life fighting against the Jin, but he never made any achievements. In his later years, Liu Guo and his friends gathered at Anyuan Tower. At the banquet, a singer asked him for lyrics, so he impromptu wrote the song "Tang Duoling" to express his feelings about his own aging body and the country's hurt. But what he didn't expect was that his impromptu work would become a hit for an unpopular word brand, and a famous saying would be passed down through the ages.
?
The poem begins with a description of the scene in the upper part of the poem, a little bit about the scenery, and describes what you can see when you climb up the stairs. The bleak reed leaves and a pool of cold water outline a bleak picture, paving the way for the next layer of bleakness in the entire poem. The following sentence, "Twenty years later, I passed the South Tower again" seems to be a criss-cross of time and space, and the writing style shifts from what is seen in space to looking back in time, turning reality into emptiness, without making waves, and expresses the poet's infinite emotion. The last three sentences describe his short stay and his hurried departure, which brings with it the time-consuming worries, the sadness of the martyrs in their old age, and the helpless sighs!
The lower line is purely lyrical, and the following line has the meaning of "overcoming", cherishing "old friends" and "old country", and lamenting "new sorrows". It seems to be lamenting one's own old age, but in fact it has a feeling of a cold land and a sad autumn, implicitly expressing worries about the current situation. It should be noted that there are "new sorrows" as well as "old sorrows". The sorrows are layered on top of each other and weigh heavily on the heart.
The concluding sentence "I wanted to buy osmanthus flowers to carry wine with me, but in the end it was not the same. I was traveling as a young man." This sentence is melancholy and comprehensive, and at the same time expresses the sigh of many people who cannot bear to look back on the years. It is full of implications and infinite sadness when read.
?
Liu Guo's lyrics in his life were often as heroic and passionate as Xin Qiji's, but this poem has a graceful style and unique flavor, especially the last sentence, which can be regarded as an eternal famous line. People at the time called this poem "a masterpiece that has been produced for hundreds of years." It is said that the word "Tang Duoling" has rarely been written by people since its creation in the Southern Song Dynasty and has been neglected. However, Liu Guo's appearance of this word directly made "Tang Duoling" popular. For a time, there were countless imitators in the world of poetry. Liu Chenweng, who was as famous as Liu Guo, wrote seven harmonious poems in "Tang Duoling" in one go. Even Wu Wenying, the great poet of the generation, followed suit, which shows the influence of Liu Guo's "Tang Duoling".
Intention: growth