In the second year of Xuanhe, the Northern Song Dynasty was on the verge of political corruption and economic collapse. Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty was obsessed with pleasure and reused treacherous ministers such as Cai Jing and Zhu Meng, and implemented the "Hua Shi Gang" policy to forcefully expropriate rare and precious stones from the south of the Yangtze River, causing people to live in dire straits. At the same time, the imperial court had a heavy burden on tribute from the Liao and Jin dynasties, taxes increased sharply in the southeastern region, and social conflicts intensified.
