Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan invaded Taiwan for the first time in 1874 until its defeat and surrender in 1945. In more than 70 years of expansion, Japan has traveled to 15 countries and regions in the Asia-Pacific, causing more than 45 million casualties (including deaths, injuries and missing persons), of which about 20 million were killed (excluding Japanese soldiers killed in battle). Heaviest war atrocities were committed in China and across Asia.